2024届高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part thirty-four（词根词缀排序）清单学案（含答案）

高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part thirty-four（词根词缀排序）
一、词根spect/spic (看)
1. respect /r spekt/
n. 尊重，尊敬；敬意
vt. 尊重，尊敬
拓展词组:
show respect for 对...表示尊重
with respect to 关于；至于
in respect of 关于
respectful a. 恭敬的；尊重的
respective a. 各自的；各个的
例句:
We should show respect for the elderly. (我们应该尊重老人。)
The two teams are well-matched in respect of strength and skills. (这两支队伍在力量和技术方面势均力敌。)
辨析:
respect 指对人或事物的价值或重要性表示敬重或敬佩。
admire 指因优秀品质或成就而赞赏或钦佩。
串记:
Respecting others is a virtue that everyone should possess. (尊重他人是每个人都应该具备的美德。)
2. expect / k spekt/
vt. 预期；盼望；认为
拓展词组:
expect to do sth. 期待做某事
be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事
expectation n. 期望；预期
例句:
I expect to graduate from university next year. (我期望明年大学毕业。)
As the eldest son, he is expected to take over the family business. (作为长子，他被期望接管家族企业。)
辨析:
expect 指根据经验或理由认为某事会发生。
hope 指对某事怀有愿望，不一定有依据。
串记:
We expect that the new policy will bring positive changes to our lives. (我们期望新政策能给我们的生活带来积极的变化。)
3. suspect /s spekt/
vt. 怀疑；猜想
n. 嫌疑犯
拓展词组:
suspect sb. of doing sth. 怀疑某人做某事
under suspicion 受到怀疑
suspicious a. 可疑的；怀疑的
例句:
The police suspect him of being involved in the robbery. (警方怀疑他参与了抢劫。)
The man was acting suspiciously, which drew the attention of the security guard. (那名男子行为可疑，引起了保安的注意。)
辨析:
suspect 指根据一些迹象或证据认为某人有罪或某事属实，但没有确凿证据。
doubt 指对某事不确定或不相信。
串记:
The detective suspected that the witness was hiding something. (侦探怀疑证人隐瞒了一些事情。)
二、词缀 re- (回/重新)
1. review /r vju /
n. 复习；评论；检讨
vt. 复习；回顾；评论
拓展词组:
review for 为…而复习
under review 在审查中
reviewer n. 评论者
例句:
It's important to review for exams regularly. (定期复习考试很重要。)
The new policy is currently under review by the government. (新政策目前正在政府审查中。)
串记:
Reviewing past mistakes helps us avoid making the same ones in the future. (回顾过去的错误有助于我们避免在未来犯同样的错误。)
2. rebuild / ri b ld/
vt. 重建；改造
拓展词组:
rebuild from scratch 从头开始重建
rebuilding n. 重建
例句:
The city was rebuilt from scratch after the earthquake. (地震后，这座城市从头开始重建。)
The rebuilding of the economy will take time and effort. (经济的重建需要时间和努力。)
串记:
After the war, the country focused on rebuilding its infrastructure. (战后，该国着重重建其基础设施。)
3. return /r t n/
vi. 返回；回来；回复
vt. 返回；归还；回报
n. 返回；归来；回报；退货
拓展词组:
return to 返回...
in return 作为回报
return ticket 往返票
例句:
He returned home after a long journey. (他经过长途旅行后返回家。)
She returned the book to the library. (她把书还给了图书馆。)
串记:
The soldiers returned home to a hero's welcome. (士兵们回到家，受到了英雄般的欢迎。)
4. repeat /r pi t/
vt. 重复；重做；背诵
vi. 重复；重做
拓展词组:
repeat after me 跟我重复
repeat oneself 重复自己说过的话
例句:
Please repeat what you just said. (请重复你刚才说的话。)
He repeated the experiment several times to ensure accuracy. (他重复做了几次实验以确保准确性。)
串记:
Practice makes perfect, so repeat the exercise until you master it. (熟能生巧，所以重复练习直到你掌握为止。)
三、后缀 -able/-ible (可...的)
1. comfortable / k mf t bl/
adj. 舒适的；自在的
拓展词组:
feel comfortable 感到舒适
make oneself comfortable 让自己舒服些
例句:
This sofa is very comfortable. (这个沙发很舒服。)
I don't feel comfortable talking about my personal life. (我不愿意谈论我的私生活。)
串记:
The hotel room was spacious and comfortable, ensuring a good night's sleep. (酒店房间宽敞舒适，保证了良好的睡眠。)
2. responsible /r sp ns bl/
adj. 负责任的；尽责的；可靠的
拓展词组:
be responsible for 对...负责
take responsibility for 承担...的责任
responsibility n. 责任；职责
例句:
He is responsible for managing the team. (他负责管理团队。)
We all have a responsibility to protect the environment. (我们都有责任保护环境。)
串记:
Being a responsible citizen means respecting the law and contributing to society. (做一个负责任的公民意味着遵守法律，为社会做贡献。)
3. visible / v z bl/
adj. 可见的；明显的
拓展词组:
be visible to 对...可见
become visible 变得可见
visibility n. 能见度；可见性
例句:
The mountains are visible from here. (从这里可以看到山脉。)
The stars became visible as the sky darkened. (随着天空变暗，星星变得可见了。)
串记:
The company's logo is highly visible on the building. (公司的标志在大楼上非常显眼。)
4. possible / p s bl/
adj. 可能的；可行的
拓展词组:
as...as possible 尽可能...
if possible 如果可能的话
possibility n. 可能性
例句:
Please finish the work as soon as possible. (请尽快完成工作。)
I'd like to visit Japan if possible. (如果可能的话，我想去日本旅游。)
串记:
We should explore all possible solutions to the problem. (我们应该探索解决这个问题的所有可能的方案。)
四、组合分类 (词根+词缀)
1. 词根 duce/duct (引导) + 后缀 -tion (名词)
1. introduction / ntr d k n/
n. 介绍；引进；引言
拓展词组:
make an introduction 做介绍
introduction to ...的介绍
例句:
May I have an introduction to your friend (可以介绍一下你的朋友吗 )
The book has a long introduction to the history of the subject. (这本书对这门学科的历史做了长篇介绍。)
串记:
The introduction of new technology has revolutionized the way we live. (新技术的引进彻底改变了我们的生活方式。)
2. production /pr d k n/
n. 生产；产品；作品
拓展词组:
mass production 大规模生产
go into production 投入生产
productive adj. 多产的；富有成效的
例句:
The factory is responsible for the production of cars. (这家工厂负责汽车的生产。)
He has been a productive writer, publishing several books a year. (他是一位多产的作家，每年出版几本书。)
串记:
The company increased its production to meet the growing demand. (公司增加了产量以满足不断增长的需求。)
3. deduction /d d k n/
n. 推理；演绎；推论；扣除
拓展词组:
by deduction 通过推理
deduct vt. 扣除；推断
例句:
Sherlock Holmes solved the case by deduction. (夏洛克·福尔摩斯通过推理破案。)
The tax will be deducted from your salary. (税款将从你的工资中扣除。)
串记:
Through careful deduction, the scientist arrived at a groundbreaking conclusion. (通过仔细的推理，科学家得出了一个突破性的结论。)
4. reduction /r d k n/
n. 减少；降低；缩小
拓展词组:
reduction in ...的减少
reduce vt. 减少；降低
例句:
The government has announced a reduction in taxes. (政府宣布减税。)
We need to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. (我们需要减少对化石燃料的依赖。)
串记:
The company implemented cost-cutting measures to achieve a significant reduction in expenses. (公司实施了成本削减措施，以实现费用的显著降低。)
2. 词根 ceive/cept (接受) + 前缀 re- (回/重新)
1. receive /r si v/
vt. 收到；接受；接待
拓展词组:
receive from 从...收到
be received by 被...收到
receiver n. 接收者；收音机
例句:
I received a letter from my friend yesterday. (我昨天收到了朋友的一封信。)
The proposal was well received by the committee. (这个提议受到了委员会的好评。)
串记:
The charity received generous donations from the public. (慈善机构收到了公众的慷慨捐款。)
2. deceive /d si v/
vt. 欺骗；蒙蔽
拓展词组:
deceive sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
deception n. 欺骗；诡计
deceptive adj. 欺骗性的；虚假的
例句:
He deceived his parents into thinking he was studying. (他欺骗他的父母以为他在学习。)
The magician's tricks were based on deception and illusion. (魔术师的戏法是基于欺骗和幻觉。)
串记:
The con artist used a variety of deceptive tactics to swindle people out of their money. (骗子用各种欺骗手段骗取人们的钱财。)
3. perceive /p r si v/
vt. 察觉；感知；理解
拓展词组:
perceive as 认为...是...
perception n. 感知；理解；看法
例句:
I perceive him as a reliable and trustworthy person. (我认为他是一个可靠和值得信赖的人。)
Our perception of the world is shaped by our experiences. (我们对世界的看法是由我们的经验塑造的。)
串记:
The artist's unique perception of reality is reflected in her paintings. (艺术家对现实的独特理解反映在她的绘画中。)
4. conceive /k n si v/
vt. 构思；设想；怀孕
vi. 怀孕
拓展词组:
conceive of 想象；设想
conception n. 概念；构想；怀孕
例句:
It is difficult to conceive of a world without technology. (很难想象一个没有技术的世界。)
The conception of the project took several months of planning. (这个项目的构思花了几个月的时间进行规划。)
串记:
The scientist conceived a brilliant idea that led to a major breakthrough. (科学家构思了一个绝妙的想法，导致了重大突破。)
练习：
一、语法填空。
The company is actively seeking ways to ______ (reduction) its carbon footprint.
The magician's skillful ______ (deceive) amazed the audience.
We should ______ (respect) the cultural differences of others.
The students are ______ (expect) to arrive at school by 8:00 am.
The witness's testimony was crucial in ______ (conceive) the suspect.
The ______ (introduce) of the internet has revolutionized communication.
I ______ (receive) a package in the mail today, but I don't know who sent it.
The artist's paintings reflect her unique ______ (perceive) of the world.
The construction workers are ______ (rebuild) the bridge that was damaged in the storm.
The new policy is currently under ______ (review) by the government.
二、单句改错。
The comfortable chair made me to fall asleep.
It is impossible for him to finish the task in such a short time.
The police suspected him to steal the car.
The singer repeated the song again at the request of the audience.
She returned back home after completing her studies abroad.
He is a very productive writer, publishing at least one book every year.
We should respect to our elders.
The introduction of the new product was a great success.
The company's production has increased dramatically in recent years.
I received an email from my teacher, informing me of the upcoming exam.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
我们应该尽可能多地帮助那些有需要的人。(as ... as possible)
他的欺骗行为最终被揭露了。(deception)
老师向我们介绍了这位新同学。(made an introduction)
这个项目的构想花费了他们数月的努力。(conception)
由于雾太大，能见度很低。(visibility)
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
警察怀疑他与这起案件有关。(suspect ... of)
我理解你的感受。(perceive)
由于经济衰退，公司不得不减产。(reduction)
老师要求我们复习第二单元的语法。(review)
他们正在建造一座新桥来取代旧桥。(rebuild)
参考答案：
一、语法填空。
reducing: 动词reduce的现在分词形式，作方式状语，修饰seeking。
deceptions: 名词deception的复数形式，作主语。
respect: 动词原形，祈使句中谓语动词用原形。
expected: 动词expect的过去分词形式，构成被动语态。
convicting: 动词convict的现在分词形式，作目的状语。
introduction: 名词，作主语。
received: 动词receive的过去式，与时间状语yesterday呼应。
perception: 名词，作宾语。
rebuilding: 动词rebuild的现在分词形式，作伴随状语。
review: 名词，介词under的宾语。
二、单句改错。
to fall → fall: make sb. do sth. 结构中，动词不定式不带to。
impossible → possible: 根据句意，此处应改为“可能”。
to steal → of stealing: suspect sb. of doing sth. 结构中，动词ing形式作介词宾语。
again → 去掉: repeat本身已有“重复”的意思，again重复累赘。
back → 去掉: return本身已有“返回”的意思，back重复累赘。
productive → productively: 此处修饰动词writing，应用副词。
respect to → respect: respect是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语。
正确
正确
正确
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
as much as possible: 固定短语，意为“尽可能多地”。
deception: 名词，指“欺骗行为”。
made an introduction: 固定短语，意为“做介绍”。
conception: 名词，指“构想，概念”。
visibility: 名词，指“能见度”。
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
The police suspect him of being involved in the case. (suspect sb. of doing sth. 结构)
I perceive how you feel. (perceive的意思是“感知；理解”)
Due to the economic recession, the company had to reduce production. (reduction 作主语)
The teacher asked us to review the grammar of Unit 2. (review作宾语)
They are rebuilding a new bridge to replace the old one. (rebuild作谓语)