专题4：数词 【课件】-备战2024中考英语二轮复习语法精练（全国通用）

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数词
2024年二轮复习语法精讲精练
数词是历年中考试题中的必考知识点之一，但所占分值不多，一般在1~2分之间，题型有选择题、词形变换题等。从命题内容来看，涉及基数词和序数词的基本用法，hundred,thousand,million,billion后面加不加-s或of,特殊形式的序数词、分数表示法等。预计2022年中考考查的重点极有可能是基数词和序数词的用法、分数表示法及hundred,thousand,million，billion的用法。
一、基数词
基数词的写法或读法 表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five
1. 基数词的写法或读法
0 zero
1 one 11 eleven 100 one hundred
2 two 12 twelve 20 twenty 1,000 one thousand
3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 1,000,000 one million
4 four 14 fourteen 40 forty 10,000,000 ten million
5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty 100,000,000 one hundred million
6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty 1,000,000,000 one billion
7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion
8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty
9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety
10 ten
特例清单
1.表示年代时，在年份的阿拉伯数字后面加-s或’s。如：
in the 1990s在二十世纪九十年代
2.表示某人几十岁时，将整十的基数词变为复数形式。如：
in his forties在他四十多岁时
3.由数词和其他名词构成的复合形容词作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式，复合形容词中各部分间要用连字符“-”来连接。如：
a 10-day leave十天的假期
a 5-minute walk五分钟的步行路程
4.“基数词+more”或“another+基数词”表示“在原来的基础上增加的数量”。如：
I need 10 more/another 10 days.我需要另外的十天。
5.hundred,thousand,million,billion等用在具体的数字后面时不能加-s或of；hundred,thousand,million,billion等前面没有具体的数字时通常加-s和of。如：
eight thousand people八千人
thousands of people成千上万的人
二、序数词
表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等
阿拉伯数字 基数词 序数词 序数词缩写
1 one first 1st
2 two second 2nd
3 three third 3rd
5 five fifth 5th
8 eight eighth 8th
9 nine ninth 9th
12 twelve twelfth 12th
20 twenty twentieth 20th
21 twenty-one twenty-first 21st
22 twenty-two twenty-second 22nd
23 twenty-three twenty-third 23rd
数词下面几种用法
1.表示事物的编号，用“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词”。如：
Room 308 308房 the fifth floor 五楼
2.表示年月日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如：
1 October, 1949 1949年10月1日
3.表示时间，用基数词。如：
2∶10 two ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three
4.表示百分数，用基数词。如：
80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent
5.表示小数，用基数词。如：
0.24 (zero) point two four 10.75 ten point seventy-five
三、数词用法
6.表示电话号码，用基数词。如：
8370 9295 eight three seven o, nine two nine five
7.表示年龄，用基数词。表示第几个生日，用序数词。如：
Tom is five (years old). 汤姆五岁了。
8.表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数。1 / 5 one fifth 2/5 two-fifths
四、数词几种常见考点
(1) hundred, thousand, million, billion等前面有具体数字或several时，用单数形式，但表示不确切的数目时，用hundreds / thousands / millions / billions of等。
如：There are four hundred pupils in the primary school.
Hundreds of people get together at the station.
(2) “数词+名词”构成的复合形容词，该名词用单数形式。
如：a seven-day holiday, an 8-metre-long stick
(3) 表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时，分母用复数形式。
如：one third(三分之一)， three fifths(五分之三)
特例清单
1.序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表示“再一;又一”。如
She is going to try a third time.她准备再试第三次。
2.基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后，不需要添加定冠词。如：
the first page=Page 1
3.表示年、月、日时，年用基数词，日用序数词。如：July 1st,1949读作July the first,nineteen forty-nine.
4.表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。如：one third,five sixths
【注意】分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词的数来确定。of后面的名词为可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；of后面的名词为不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Two thirds of the work is hard to finish.三分之二的工作很难完成。
【考点抢测】
1.My parents and I want to stay one night.Do you think there are any rooms for us ____
A. two B. three C. four D. five
B
2.Please turn to Page ____ and take a look at the picture on it.
A. Eightieth B. Eighties C. Eighty D. Eighth
C
3.Tomorrow we are going to celebrate my dear grandpa’s ____ birthday.
A. eighty B. eightieth C. eight D. eighth
B
4.Nowadays,____ people like HUAWEI phones better,and about __ of them are adults.
A.the number of; four-fifths
B.a number of; four-fifth
C.a number of; four-fifths
D.the number of; four-five
C
5.My grandparents live in an old apartment with ____ floors and they are on the __ floor.
A.five; five
B.five; fifth
C.fifth; fifth
D.fifth; five
6.—I like the number “9” best， because I think it stands for “long lasting”.
—Me， too. So I choose ____ floor to live on.
A. nine B. ninth C. the nine D. the ninth
D
B
7.The apartment has ____ floors and Mr. Black lives on the __ floor with his family.
A.twelve; twelve
B.twelve; twelfth
C.twelfth; twelfth
D.twelfth; twelve
8.—Nowadays China has about 25,000 kilometers of high-speed railways.
—That’s ____ of the world’s total.
A. two third B. two-third C. two thirds D. two three
C
9.____ visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.
A. Thousand B. Thousand of C. Thousands D. Thousands of
D
B
10.The workers will complete the new bridge in ____.
A. two and a half months B. two months and half
C. two and a half month D. two month and a half
A
一、单项选择。
1.（2021,泸州）—When was the Communist Party of China founded
—In 1921. It’s her ____ birthday this year.
A. hundred B. hundredth C. hundreds of D. the hundredth
B
2.There are 24 solar terms in a year. Grain Rain often starts in April, the ____ month of the year.
A. third B. fourth C. fifth D. sixth
B
3.—Is Dongjin High-speed Railway Station the ____ largest in Hubei Province
—Yes, of course. It’s just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.
A. first B. second C. third D. fourth
B
4.We gave away ____ books to the school library last year.
A. six thousands B. six thousands of C. six thousand D. six thousand of
5.—Dad, about ____ of our classmates wear glasses.
—Oh, that’s terrible. You all should take good care of your eyes.
A. three fourth B. third fourth C. third fourths D. three quarters
D
6.In my hometown, the villagers built an ____ bridge in order to cross the river last year.
A. 800 meter long B. 800 meters long C. 800-meter-long D. 800-meters-long
C
7.—Excuse me, sir. Here’s a package for Lin Tao. Which room does he live in
—____.
A. 308 room B. Room 308 C. The Room 308 D. The 308 Room
B
C
B
8.I wish to start my own company in my ____ without any difficulties.
A. thirtieth B. thirties C. thirty D. thirteenth
A
9.About _____ of the students in my sister’s class were born in the __.
A.two thirds; 1990s
B.two third; 1990
C.second three; 1990s
D.seconds three; 1990
二、词形转换。
1.The ______________ （twenty-four） Olympic Winter Games will be held in Beijing in 2022.
twenty-fourth
2.You must think _______ （two） before you make an important decision about your career.
twice
3.I was late for school this morning because my clock didn’t go off at ________ （seven） this morning.
seven
4.Tony Morrison is regarded as one of the best writers of the ___________
（twenty） century.
twentieth
5.As we all know that there are twelve months in a year and the _______
（five） one is May.
fifth
third
6.One _______ （three） of the work has been finished by this group.
twelve
7.In China there is a cycle of ________ （twelfth） years, and each with a different animal.
Three
8.I think Class ________ （three） will win the football match in the end.
9.My People, My Homeland （《我和我的祖国》）was so moving that __________ （million）of people thought highly of it.
millions
fifties
10.Ang Lee, a Chinese director, won the Best Director again in his ________
（fifty）in 2013.