专题7：动词 【课件】-备战2024年中考英语二轮复习语法精练（全国通用）

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导师：稻壳儿
2024年二轮复习语法精讲精练
动词
知识体系概览
中考考点透视
&1& 实义动词辨析
◆不同动词辨析
类别 功能及用法 示例
及物 动词 本身含有实际 意义，表示动 作或状态，在 句中能独立作 谓语 动词+宾语 afford,enjoy,keep
动词+宾语+宾语 补足语 make,let,see,watch,have,hear,
notice
动词+间接宾语+ 直接宾语 give,buy,tell,write,read,teach,
get,leave,offer,return
类别 功能及用法 示例
不及物 动词 本身含有实际意义， 表示动作或状态，在 句中能独立作谓语 不可以直接接宾语，需在 不及物动词后加上适当的 介词或副词,再接宾语 arrive,cry,di
e,fall,look
有些动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词 study,fly,reg
ret,try
续表
◆近义动词辨析
类别 词汇
五个“拿” bring,take,carry,get与fetch
四个“花费” spend,take,pay与cost
四个“说” tell,talk,say与speak
四个“看” watch,look,see与read
四个“穿” wear,dress,put on与be in
四个“参加” join，join in，attend与take part in
类别 词汇
三个“借” borrow,lend与keep
三个“到达” reach,arrive与get
三个“提供” give,provide与offer
续表
◆词义相对动词辨析
单词 对应词 单词 对应词
buy买 sell卖 continue继续 stop停止
forget忘记 remember记得 doubt怀疑 believe相信
save节约 waste浪费 begin开始 end结束
ask询问 reply回复 come来 go去
fail失败 succeed成功/win赢 refuse拒绝 accept/receive接受
1.（2023·江西）—Hello! Can I speak to Jenny,please
—Sorry,she isn't in. Can I ___ a message
A
A. take B. read C. check D. receive
2.（2023·天津）To keep healthy,Daming's grandparents ___ in a
park every day.
A
A. exercise B. cough C. sleep D. wait
3.（2023·扬州）We don't ___ much from the kids because they
can't understand the value of this work.
C
A. express B. excuse C. expect D. explain
4.（2022·武汉）—Jack,tell me how to ___ this information.
—All right,Grandma. You can type it on this keyboard.
B
A. delete B. enter C. collect D. receive
5.（2022·武威）_______（make） sure you lock the door when
you go out.
6.We all _______（join） in the singing competition last week.
Make
joined
【考点抢测】
1.I was busy this morning and didn’t have time to _____ my email.
A. waste B. punish C. believe D. check
D
2.Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What _____ most is how you see yourself.
A. drinks B. matters C. cares D. minds
B
3.—Hi， Jill. I’d like to share with you the latest news about the height of Qomolangma.
—Really？ Make sure the news is true before you _____ it.
A. receive B. spread C. cancel D. hear
B
4.—Can your little brother _____ from 1 to 100？
—Yes. He began to learn to say the simple numbers at the age of one.
A. count B. hear C. guess D. spread
5.—We’ve discussed this many times. No jeans to the party!
—Very well then， if you _____. But where’s my suit？
A. suggest B. imagine C. agree D. insist
D
6.—Sorry, Mr. Green, I _____ my notebook at home.
—That’s OK, but don’t forget it next time.
A. forgot B. missed C. left D. kept
C
A
7.All my family members think people should _____ doctors and nurses for their contributions.
A. promise B. praise C. present D. prepare
8.Last Thursday when I got to the railway station, I _____ I forgot to take my keys.
A. realized B. believed C. thought D. considered
A
B
&2& 系动词辨析
单词 示例
状态 系动 词 am I am a student in Sunshine Middle School.我是
阳光中学的一名学生。
is My father is tall and strong.我的爸爸又高又强
壮。
are You are my best friend.你是我最好的朋友。
单词 示例
感官 系动 词 feel feel smooth摸起来顺滑 feel sick感到不舒服
smell smell delicious闻起来美味 smell sweet闻起来香
sound sound sweet听起来甜美 sound great听起来很棒
taste taste good尝起来不错
touch touch soft摸起来柔软
续表
单词 示例
变化系 动词 become,come,fall,get,go,grow,turn The bread has gone bad.面包变坏
了。
表像系 动词 look,seem,appear He seems quite happy.他似乎非常
开心。
持续系 动词 keep,stay,remain She knew she must keep calm.她
知道她必须保持冷静。
终止系 动词 prove,turn out His plan turned out a success.他
的计划终于成功了。
续表
1.（2023·孝感）—Daniel,try this strawberry cake.
—It ___ delicious. I'd like to have some more.
C
A. smells B. feels C. tastes D. looks
2.—Hmm,something ___ so good. Is it a cake？Can I try some
—Handmade cookies. Still warm. Here you go!
C
A. feels B. looks C. smells D. tastes
3.—Have you seen the movie Titanic,Wang Wei
—Yes. The music in it ___ great.
B
A. looks B. sounds C. feels D. smells
4.He _______（taste） the soup and added some salt.
5.The air in the room _______（smell） terrible.
tasted
smells
2.系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语。系表结构一起表示主语的性质或状态。
3.含系动词（be除外）的句子变疑问句时要借助助动词do,does,did等。
温馨提示
1.系动词包含be动词和感官动词。become,turn,keep等表渐变或保持某种状态的词也被称为半连系动词，用法与系动词相同。
【考点抢测】
1.—Do you enjoy Chinese Folk Songs
—Yes, the folk songs _____ nice.
A. sound B. smell C. look D. taste
A
2.—Look, Linda. The flowers in our classroom came out in one night.
—I can’t believe it.They are beautiful and colorful.They _____ great.
A. sound B. smell C. taste D. feel
B
3.Sometimes the smooth surface of the lake really _____ like a mirror.
A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes
B
4.The dish smells delicious, but it _____ a little salty.
Could you please change it for another one
A. looks B. tastes C. feels D. sounds
B
3.助动词
助动词 用 法 例 句
be be(am, is, are; was, were)+动词的现在分词，用于现在进行时和过去进行时 I am washing my clothes. 我在洗衣服。
What is Tom doing 汤姆在做什么？
We were watching TV when the alarm went off.
我们正在看电视，突然警报响了。
be(am, is, are; was, were; will be; have/has been)+动词的过去分词，用于被动语态 Is Japanese taught in your school 你们学校教日语吗？
The building was destroyed in the earthquake.
大楼在地震中被毁。
Where will a new library be built in our city next year
明年我们城市将在哪里建一座新图书馆？
The task hasn’t been finished yet. 任务还没有完成。
do do(does, did)用于一般现在时和一般过去时 We don’t go to school on weekends. 我们周末不上学。
What time does Jack get up 杰克什么时候起床？
Did Mary call you this morning
玛丽早上给你打电话了吗？
have have(has, had)+动词的过去分词，用于现在完成时和过去完成时 I haven’t been there before. 我以前没去过那儿。
Lucy has passed her driving test.
露西已通过了驾驶执照考试。
will/shall will/shall(would/should)+动词原形，用于一般将来时和过去将来时 I will visit the UK next week. 下周我要去英国。
When shall we meet again 我们什么时候再见面？
He said he would come to see me if he was free.
他说如果他有空就来看我。
中考考点透视
&1& 情态动词辨析
◆情态动词的基本用法
情态动词 意义及用法 例句
can （could）， 否定形式用can't （couldn't） 意为“能; 会”，表示现 在或将来的能 力 Can you play the piano or the
violin 你会弹钢琴或者拉小提琴
吗？
【七下Unit 1第6页】
情态动词 意义及用法 例句
can （could）， 否定形式用can't （couldn't） 意为“可以”， 表示请求许可 Can we eat in the classroom 我
们能在教室里吃东西吗？
【七下Unit 4第21页】
续表
情态动词 意义及用法 例句
can （could）， 否定形式用can't （couldn't） could表示过 去的能力;当 could表示请 求许可时，语 气比can委婉 Could you just tell him to call
me back 你能让他给我回个电话
吗？
【七下Unit 7第38页】
I could ride a bike when I was
6 years old.我六岁的时候就会骑
自行车了。
续表
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
may （might） 表示请求许可，意为 “可以”，其一般疑问句 的否定回答用 mustn't/can't —May I go out and play
football？我可以去外面踢足球
吗？
—No，you mustn't.不，你不可
以。
might为may的过去式， 表示请求许可时，语气 比may委婉 Might I smoke here 我可以在这
儿吸烟吗？
续表
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
must 意为“必须”，表示义 务、命令或必要，强调 主观看法；mustn't表示 禁止 We must be on time for class.我
们必须准时上课。【七下Unit 4第
21页】
You mustn't take photos here.你
不能在这里拍照。
续表
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
must must引导的一般疑问 句，肯定回答用must或 have to;否定回答用 needn't或don't have to —Must I finish the homework
today？我今天一定要完成作业
吗？
—No，you needn't/don't have to.
不，你不必。
have to 意为“不得不”，强调客 观需要 We have to be quiet in the
library.在图书馆里我们必须保持安
静。
【七下Unit 4第21页】
续表
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
shall 用于主语是第一人称的 疑问句中，表示询问意 见 Shall we get each of them a
card and gift to say thank you
我们给他们每个人一张贺卡和一份
礼物来表示感谢怎么样？【九全
Unit 14第106页】
续表
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
should 意为“应该”，表示责任 和义务 He should lie down and rest.他
应该躺下来休息。【八下Unit 1第
4页】
We should／ought to help each
other and learn from each other
in our work.我们应该在工作中相
互帮助，相互学习。
ought to
续表
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
had better 意为“最好”,表示建议 You'd better stay at home.你最好
待在家里。
need 表示需要，主要用于否 定句和疑问句中 You needn't say sorry to me.你
不需要跟我说对不起。
need引导的一般疑问 句，肯定回答用must， 否定回答用needn't —Need I finish my homework
now 我需要现在完成作业吗？
—Yes,you must./No,you needn't.
是的，你一定要。/不，你不必。
续表
◆情态动词表推测的用法
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
can 表推测时常用于否定句 中，can't意为“不可能” I'm not sure,but it can't be a
dog.我不确定，但它不可能是一只
狗。
could 表推测时常用于肯定句 中，表示不确定的推 测，意为“可能” It could be Mei's hair band.它有
可能是梅的发带。
情态动 词 意义及用法 例句
may 意为“可能;也许”，表示 把握不大的推测;may not 表示“可能不” I may go to the town next
week.我下周可能去镇上。
must 表推测时常用于肯定句 中，表示很有把握的推 测，意为“一定” It must be Carla's. She loves
volleyball.它肯定是卡拉的，她喜
欢排球。
续表
考点提分训练
1.（2023·云南）—Excuse me,may I use my phone now
—Sorry,you ___.The plane is taking off.
D
A. need B. needn't C. can D. can't
2.（2023·武汉）—Excuse me,but we ___ wait in line to get on the
subway.
—I'm sorry.
D
A. might B. would C. could D. should
3.（2023·滨州）—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it
—It ___ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
B
A. can B. must C. need D. might
4.If you have tried your best,you ___ worry too much about the
exams.
C
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. shouldn't
5.If we don't protect nature,some wildlife ___ die out in the
future.
A
A. may B. need C. can't D. shouldn't
6.You ___ never realize your dream of becoming a scientist
without hard work.
B
A. need B. can C. should D. must
7.According to the traffic law,children under 12 ___ ride bicycles
on the road.
D
A. needn't B. couldn't C. won't D. mustn't
8.—Must I go back home immediately after school,Dad
—No,you _____________________.You can do sports with your
friends.
don't have to/needn't
9.As a human being,anyone _________ make a mistake.
10.It ______ be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
can/may
can't
考点四 动词短语
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 add up 加起来
break out 爆发
carry on 坚持下去；继续下去
change into 转换成；变成
clean up 清除；收拾干净
clear up 整理；收拾；（天气）放晴
come back 回来；想起来
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 come down 落下来
come in 进入；进来
cut down 砍倒
cut off 切断
cut up 切碎
eat up 吃光；吃完
fall behind 落在……后面；输给别人
find out 发现；查明
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 get together 聚会；联欢
get up 起床
give away 分发；赠送；泄露
give back 归还；送回
give in 屈服
give out 分发；用完；耗尽
give up 放弃
go ahead 继续
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 go away 走开；离去
go on 继续
grow up 长大成人；成长
hand in 上交；交纳
动词 + 副词 hand out 分发
hold on 坚持；（打电话）别挂断
keep on 继续（进行）
let in 让……进来；放进
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 look ahead 向前看
look up 查找
pay back 偿还（借款等）
pick up 拾起，捡起；开车接；学会
point out 指出；标明
put off 推迟
put on 穿；戴上；上演
put up 举起；张贴
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 start off 出发
stay up 熬夜
take off 脱下；起飞
turn down 声音调小
turn in 上交
turn off 关闭
wake up 唤醒；醒来
watch out 当心
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 副词 work out 计算出
动词 + 介词 agree with 赞同；同意（某人的看法）
arrive at/in 到达
ask for 请求；询问
base on 以……为依据
belong to 属于
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 介词 break into 破门而入
call for 需要；呼吁
care for 在乎;关心
come from 来自……
deal with 处理；对付
depend on/upon 依靠；相信；依赖
get over 克服
get to 到达
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 介词 go by 走过;经过
go over 仔细检查；复习
knock at 敲
laugh at 嘲笑
learn from 向……学习
look after 照顾
look at 看……；观看……
look for 寻找
续表
类别 实例 词义
动词 + 介词 look like 看起来像
pass by 经过
point to 指向……
quarrel with （和某人）争吵
stand for 代表（某事物）；支持
stick to 坚持
talk about 谈论；议论
think about/of 考虑;认为；想起
wait for 等待
续表
温馨提示
对于“动词+副词”类的短语，如果是名词作宾语，那么这个名词既可以放在短语中间也可以放在短语的后面；但是如果是代词作宾语，则代词一定要放在短语中间。
eg:You should pick it up.你应该把它捡起来。
You should put away your shoes.=You should put your shoes away.你应该把鞋子收好。
【考点抢测】
1.Lang Ping is a symbol of courage and success， and we _____ her.
A. come from B. stand for C. take pride in D. get ready for
C
2.—Could you please _____ the picture on the wall and make it clean？
—Sure, I’d love to.
A. pull down B. take away C. take down D. pull over
C
3.—We should form the good habit of saving food now.
—I agree， so I always _____ the food I order.
A. eat up B. give up C. turn up D. show up
A
4.—Tony， come over. What do the letters “KIT” mean in the text message？
—Don’t you know that， Amy？ They _____ “keep in touch”.
A. search for B. ask for C. go for D. stand for
D
5.No matter how far you have gone down the wrong road， _____.
A. turn back B. turn off C. turn out D. turn over
A
6.All children are _____ the day when they can go back to school.
A. looking up B. taking care of
C. taking out D. looking forward to
D
7.They had to _____ their school trip because of the bad weather.
A. put up B. put off C. put away D. put down
B
8.These activities at bedtime can get kids excited and make it hard for them to _____ and sleep.
A. come down B. break down C. calm down D. sit down
C
9.—You have plenty of homework, don’t you
—Yeah, it _____ the little time I have outside of school.
A. makes up B. takes up C. turns down D. breaks down
B
10.—Linda _____ her mother.
—Yeah. Both of them have curly hair and blue eyes.
A. looks like B. looks at C. looks after D. looks for
A
11.—Tony’s room is tidy, isn’t it
—Yes. Because he always _____ his toys after playing with them.
A. moves away B. puts away C. sweeps away D. gives away
B
12.If you want to join the Music Club,_____ the form,please.
A. go out B. fill out C. get up D. warm up
B
13.—Can you give me some suggestions on reading books
—You’d better _____ the dictionary when you meet the new words.
A. look up B. look around C. look for D. look over
A
14.On the first day of Chinese New Year, we _____ new clothes and visit people.
A. pick up B. put on C. take off D. set up
B
15.Would you please _____ the light I can’t sleep well with it on.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn to D. turn around
B
16.—Shall we _____ the things we don’t use to the people in need
—Good idea.
A. put off B. set out C. get into D. give away
D
B
17.As we _____ on our new journey, we shouldn’t forget where we come from.
A. take out B. set out C. cut out D. blow out
1.（2021,河北）The trip _____ really exciting to me.How I wish to go!
A. sounds B. smells C. tastes D. feels
A
2.（2021,天津）The government plans to _____ more jobs for young people in western China.
A. create B. avoid C. borrow D. guess
A
3.（2021,连云港）Jim, you’d better not _____ too much time on your mobile phone.
A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay
B
4.（2021,十堰）When my mother came into my room, I was just lying in bed and waiting for the alarm to _____.
A. put off B. take off C. turn off D. go off
D
5.（2021,昆明）Scientists all over the world are _____ new medicine to fight COVID-19.
A. blowing out B. trying out C. leaving out D. keeping out
B
6.（2021,安徽）Every student is supposed to _____ a sporting activity for a healthy life.
A. come across B. put away C. turn down D. take up
D
7.（2021,扬州）He said that he would pass the exam and this _____ to be true.
A. turned out B. put out C. broke out D. tried out
A
D
8.China’s efforts to stop the spread of COVID-19 will _____ the world’s ability to limit the harm in the near future.
A. imagine B. invent C. insist D. improve
C
9.The performer _____ because there was too much noise coming from the crowd.
A. continued B. relaxed C. stopped D. won
C
10.—How does the banana milk shake _____？
—Delicious. I’d like to have another glass.
A. look B. smell C. taste D. sound
11.—The flowers in the garden come out. Let’s go out to take a look.
—That’s fantastic! They are so beautiful and _____ so nice.
A. smells B. smell C. sounds D. sound
B
A
12.—_____you give me a hand？ I can’t move the box by myself.
—No problem.
A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Need
A
13.You are not allowed to play with fire in the forest.It _____ kill plants， animals and even people.
A. might B. might not C. should D. should not
14._____ you smell something burning？ Go and see what’s happening.
A. Can B. May C. Must D. Need
A
15.—Whose magazine is this？
—It _____ be Nancy’s. Look! Her name is on its cover.
A. must B. can’t C. mustn’t
A
16.My classmate is jumping so far! I _____ believe my eyes.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. can’t
D
17.—Is this book Linda’s？
—It _____ be hers. Sandy’s name is on the cover.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t
A
18.This year marks Earth Day’s 53rd birthday. It was created to remind people to _____ the earth—the home to all the living things.
A. talk about B. care about C. hear about
B
19.The school _____ the sports meeting because of the bad weather.
A. put off B. put up C. put on
A
20.We should respect others， and we mustn’t laugh at people in trouble._____
A. make use of B. make faces with C. make fun of D. make way for
C
21.You can’t change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video.What _____ is what you do, not what you know.
A. includes B. decides C. means D. matters
D
22.Fighting for your dream is like climbing a mountain.Whatever difficulties you meet,don’t _____.Just move on.
A. set off B. come out C. give up
C
23.Miss Lee likes _____.She tells everyone that she has got a new car.
A. coming out B. showing off C. turning out D. taking off
B
24.The volunteers _____ the sick kids in the hospital on weekends.
A. look after B. look for C. look through
A
25.—Julie has made great progress.How did she make it
—She works much harder than before.She says if she doesn’t catch up, she will be left out._____
A. be angry B. fall behind C. give in D. get excited
B