专题9：语态【课件】-备战2024中考英语二轮复习语法精练（全国通用）

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导师：稻壳儿
2024年二轮复习语法精讲精练
动词语态
&2& 动词的语态
◆被动语态的构成
类别 被动语态 例句
一般现 在时的 被动语 态 am/is/are+ 动词的过去 分词 Tea plants are grown on the sides of
mountains.茶树被种植在山的两侧。【九全Unit
5第34页】
类别 被动语态 例句
一般过 去时的 被动语 态 was/were+ 动词的过去 分词 The door was locked when we arrived,so we
rang the bell.当我们到达的时候，门是锁着
的，所以我们按了门铃。【九全Unit 6第44页】
一般将 来时的 被动语 态 will/shall+b e+动词的过 去分词 Some trees will be planted this week by her.
这个星期一些树将会被她栽种。
续表
类别 被动语态 例句
含情态 动词的 被动语 态 情态动词 +be+动词 的过去分词 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their
own clothes.青少年应该被允许选择自己的衣
服。【九全Unit 7第49页】
续表
◆特殊的被动语态
种类 构成 例句
含双宾语的动词 变被动语态 把指人的宾语（间接宾语）变 为主语时，指物的宾语（直接 宾语）仍保留在谓语之后；把 指物的宾语变为主语时，指人 的宾语前要加相应的介词 I was given a
present.=A
present was
given to me.我收
到了一份礼物。
种类 构成 例句
构成短语的动词 变被动语态 构成“动词+介词”或“动词+副 词”型短语的动词，变被动语态 时，其后的介词或副词不能省 掉 The children
should be taken
good care of.孩
子们应该受到良
好的照顾。
续表
种类 构成 例句
使役动词（make等）及感官 动词（hear,feel,watch,see 等）构成的宾补结构的被动 语态 变为被动语 态时，省去 的to要加上 The workers were
made to work 12
hours a day.这些工人被
要求一天工作十二个小
时。
【注意】look,sound,taste,smell等感官动词用主动形式表被动意义。 如： School uniforms look good on us.我们穿着校服很好看。 The cake tastes delicious.蛋糕尝起来很美味。
续表
3. 被动语态的使用情况
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：
The machine was made in 1876.
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：
The books are written
for children.
(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如：
She is greatly influenced by her parents.
(4)出于礼貌措辞等原因而不愿意说出动作的执行者。如：
You are invited to the party at eight o'clock tomorrow.
(5)动作的发出者不是人。如：
The little tree was blown down by the strong wind.
(6)强调动作的承受者时。如：
This poem was written by Whitman.
(7)有些动词习惯上只用被动语态。如：
He was born in this city.
3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词用被动。
4. 主动语态表被动语态的情况(宜宾：2019.24)
(1)动词open, read, sell(宜宾：2019.24), write, lock, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive等作不及物动词， 且它们的主语为物时。
(2)某些系动词(如smell, look, taste, feel, sound等)描述某物特性时。
(3)be worth doing中，doing表示被动意义。
(4)“need/require＋doing”相当于“need/require＋to be done”， to be done 是不定式的被动结构。
1.（2023·鄂州）—What language ___ in Germany
—Most people speak German,but many can speak English,too.
B
A. speak B. is spoken C. is speaking D. speaks
2.（2023·江西）Hou Yi ___ magic medicine for shooting down the
nine suns. Then Pang Meng tried to steal it.
D
A. gives B. has given C. gave D. was given
3.（2023·连云港）To make the environment much better,more trees
___ next year.
D
A. plant B. will plant
C. are planted D. will be planted
4.（2023·新疆）—Hanfu lovers ___ walking down the street in
many cities.
—Well,wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture.
A
A. can be found B. can find
C. must be found D. must find
5.Lots of trees have been cut down. She realized something must
_________（do）.
6.Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. They
_____________（plant） by us last spring.
be done
were planted
考点提分训练
一、单项选择。
1.（2023·吉林）—The environment of this town is better now.
—That's because lots of trees ___ here many years ago.
B
A. are planted B. were planted
C. will be planted D. is planted
2.—Harry,I called you last night,but you didn't answer.
—Sorry,I ___ for the test and my phone was on the silent mode.
B
A. am studying B. was studying C. studied D. will study
3.—Mom,there is little fruit in the fridge. Can you buy some
—Sure,no problem. I ___ some on my way home.
C
A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought
4.—Many DIY cards ___ to mothers on Mother's Day every year!
—How creative!
C
A. send B. sent C. are sent D. were sent
5.Don't watch TV while you ___ your homework. It's bad for
your study.
C
A. will do B. did C. are doing D. has done
二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6.（2023·武威）When Mom came home,Danny ____________（play）
the piano in the living room.
7.（2023·武威）I _____________（learn） English ever since I was
in Grade 3.
8.（2023·扬州改编）Chinese Language Day _____（fall） on April
20th of every year.
was playing
have learned
falls
9.（2023·扬州）The artists are ____________（encourage） to tell
good Chinese stories in their favorite art forms.
10.Just go down this road and you ________（see） the library
next to the bank.
11.My advice on how to save paper _____________（accept） by
my class last Monday.
12.If you are over 18 years old,you can ___________（allow） to
drive a car in our country.
encouraged
will see
was accepted
be allowed
13.Mrs. Wang _______（teach） me a lot although she isn't my
teacher now.
14.More and more modern machines _____________（invent） to
work for our daily life today.
15.With the development of China,Chinese __________（speak）
by more and more people in the world.
taught
are invented
is spoken
小 题 夯 基
1. Judy is very happy because she ________ for her honesty at the last class meeting.
A. has praised B. is praised
C. are praising D. was praised
2. If I ________ to go to Lisa's housewarming party, I will go on time.
A. invite B. am invited
C. will invite D. have been invited
D
B
3. Nowadays, People ________ not to eat or drink on the subway in order to create a more comfortable space.
A. are asked B. ask
C. will be asked D. have asked
4. Tea, the most popular drink in the world, ________ by accident in China.
A. discovers B. will discover
C. was discovered D. has been discovered
A
C
5. The 2022 Winter Olympic Games ________ in Beijing. I'm sure it will be a great success.
A. will hold B. is held
C. are holding D. will be held
6. Shenzhou Ⅶ ________ into the space successfully in June, 2021. It showed great progress our country has made in space.
A. sent B. was sent
C. will sent D. has been sent
D
B
7. Many school activities ________ since last term to make the school life more colorful.
A. add B. are added
C. will add D. have been added
D
【考点抢测】
1.That machine is broken. It _____ tomorrow.
A. repaired B. was repaired C. will repair D. will be repaired
D
2.—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him
—No problem!I think he _____ to think twice before starting.
A. should be told B. shouldn’t be told
C. should tell D. shouldn’t tell
A
3.In Miss Lin’s class， many chances _____ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. offered C. are offering D. are offered
D
4.—The last Beidou GEO-3 _____ into space successfully on June 23， 2020.
—As Chinese， we feel proud of it.
A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. was sent
5.—Excuse me. When can we play badminton at the court
—Not until it _____ next week.
A. repairs B. will repair C. is repaired D. will be repaired
C
D
6.This pair of shoes _____ hand, and it __ very comfortable.
A.is made by; is felt
B.is made with; is felt
C.is made with; feels
D.is made by; feels
D
7.The book _______________（sell） out already.
has been sold
were written
8.I heard that most of Jeff’s best books ______________（write） when he was sick and poor.
9.如果再多给一些时间，我会做得更好。
If more time ________________, I will do it better.
is given/offered
10.我相信无论这问题有多难，最终都能被解决。
I believe that no matter how hard the problem is, it _______________ in the end.
can be solved
1.（2021,武汉）—What good books did you read recently？
—I _____ Tales of China since last year, and now the third time.
A. read B. am reading C. have read D. will read
C
2.（2021,十堰）Mid-Autumn Day usually _____ on August 15th in the lunar calendar（阴历）every year.
A. come B. comes C. is coming D. will come
B
3.（2021,襄阳）—Why are you in such a hurry
—Because the class _____ for 10 minutes.
A. has been on B. has begun C. is on D. begins
A
4.（2021,江西）—What’s the terrible noise？
—It’s John.He _____ the violin.
A. practiced B. is practicing C. was practicing D. has practiced
B
5.（2021,武汉）—Did you notice the students _____ a few why questions in Mr.Zhang’s class？
—Yes, I think he wanted to train their abilities of deep thinking.
A. are asked B. must be asked C. have been asked D. were asked
D
6.（2021,鄂州）—_____ the Communist Party of China （中国共产党）founded in 1921
—Yes, and it’s her 100th birthday this year.
A. Is B. Was C. Has D. Have
B
C
7.（2021,昆明）A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they _____ to make their own decisions.
A. should allow B. shouldn’t allow
C. should be allowed D. shouldn’t be allowed
C
8.Every year thousands of tourists _____ the mountain area to relax themselves.
A. visited B. were visiting C. visit D. have visited
C
9.I want a mobile phone which _____ good pictures.
A. took B. is taking C. takes D. take
11.—Has Jack solved the difficult math problem？
—Not yet. But I believe he _____ in a few minutes.
A. has worked it out B. will work it out
C. was working it out D. works it out
B
10.—Peter， have you ever been to the English Corner？
—Oh，yes.I _____ there to practice speaking once a week last term.
A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go
A
12.—Have scientists found life on Mars？
—Not yet， but I think they _____ it some day.
A. find B. found C. have found D. will find
D
13.—Be quick, Sara! The taxi is waiting for us outside.
—A moment, please. I _____ some visitors our products.
A. showed B. am showing C. was showing D. show
B
14.—Hi， Daniel. You didn’t attend the chess class last night.
—Oh， I _____ my son’s model plane.
A. am repairing B. repair C. have repaired D. was repairing
D
15.In the past 70 years, China _____ historic changes and made great achievements.
A. experienced B. has experienced
C. experiences D. would experience
16.Han Mei， a good friend of mine， _____ me a lot with my English in the past three years.
A. helps B. helped C. has helped
C
17.—Alice， have you finished learning the whole book？
—Not yet. So far， we _____ six units.
A. learned B. have learned C. learn
B
B
18.I _____ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old.
A. played B. have played C. am playing D. will play
19.Most of the earth’s surface _____ by water.
A. is covered B. covers C. is grown D. grows
A
20.—What language _____ in Canada？
—Both English and French.
A. is spoken B. speaks C. is speaking
A
21.—Your hometown is famous for tea， right？
—Yes. Now tea plants _____ on most mountains here.
A. will grow B. are grown C. were grown
B
B
22.In 1958， pinyin _____ by Chinese linguist （语言学家） Zhou Youguang and his team.
A. designs B. designed C. is designed D. was designed
23.The bush fires in Australia _____ after a few months， leaving millions of animals dead.
A. were run out B. run out C. were put out D. put out
C
24.Last year Huai’an Flyover （高架） _____. Now it brings much convenience to people.
A. finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. was finished
D
D
25.The old lady _____ the hospital in time last night.
A. is taken to B. took to C. was taken to D. takes to
C