2024届高三英语二轮复习体特生辅导被动语态学案（含答案）

英语辅导材料03
一、语法填空。
Have you ever had problems in your life Have you ever wondered how to be happy If so, you will find the book Being a Happy Teenager 1._________ (write) by an Australian writer Andrew Matthews 2._________ (use).
In his book, Matthews tells us how to have a happy life and 3.________ (answer) the questions of teenagers.
There are many subjects, such as parents and friends, and the book says we should stop behaving 4.________ (angry) and should forgive. The book tells us some useful skills, such as how to put 5.________ you have learned into pictures of your mind to make your memory better.
Many teenagers think that 6._________ (happy) comes from a good exam result or praise from other people. But you can still be happy when there are no such “good” things. Success comes from 7.________ good attitude. If you learn from problems, you 8._________ (have) success in the future.
Some school students have problems, like 9.________ (be) too tall or too short. But Matthews tells us that we should think about things 10._________ a positive way. This is Matthews’ most important lesson: You choose to be happy!
参考答案：
1.written　 2.useful　 3.answers　 4.angrily　 5.what　
6.happiness　 7.a 8.will have　 9.being　 10.in
被动语态的构成和用法
含义：如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语动词就用主动语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，就用被动语态。及物动词才有被动形式，不及物动词无被动。
（判断主被动）
__________ He wrote the book.
__________ The book was written by him.
被动语态的构成
被动语态的构成：be+及物动词的过去分词，be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。
时态 被动形式
一般现在时
现在进行时 am/is/are + being done
一般过去时
过去进行时
一般将来时
现在完成时 have/has been done
含情态动词 情态动词+be done
句型
1)肯定句:主语+be+过去分词(+by...) The desk was made by my father.
2)否定句:主语+be not+过去分词(+by...). The desk was not made by my father.
3)一般疑问句: Be+主语+过去分词(+by..) Yes,主+be/No,主语+be not.
Was the desk made by your father
主动语态变为被动语态：
主动句： They planted a tree
主语 谓语 宾语
被动句：A tree was planted by them
宾语变主语 be+过去分词 主语变为by的宾语
eg. Parents should allow teenagers to choose their own clothes. （主动句变为被动句）
_______________________________________________________________________
主动形式表被动意义
“感官系动词 look，sound，feel，smell，taste+形容词/名词”构成系表结构。
The steel ________(feel) cold.
常用it作形式主语的被动句型
It's said that...据说
It's reported that... 据报道
It's known that...众所周知..
It's believed that.. 人们相信.
牛刀小试：
Chinese __________ (speak) by the largest number of people．
He __________(save) by that policeman at last.
A class meeting __________(hold) next Monday.
A strange sound __________ (hear) yesterday evening.
A new hospital __________(build) at the corner of the street now.
The injured __________(allow) home after treatment last week.
We __________(shock) by the news of his death.
All the work __________(finish) by now.
Older people must_____________ (look) after well.
The old woman __________(laugh) at often.How poor she was!
He __________(give) some books on his birthday.
In that situation, this old custom should (replace) by a new one.
Many new houses (build) at present in the disaster area.
After the earthquake, nearly all the buildings fell down and a large number of people
(bury) under the ruins.
Much useful information about these planets (collect) since 1971.
In recent years, stress (regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.
My car (destroy) in yesterday’s accident, so I have to buy a new one.
That play (put) on again sometime next month.
Young students (request) not to smoke both in and out of school.
A number of experts (invite) to attend the meeting last week.
参考答案：
is spoken
was saved
will be held
was heard
is being built
were allowed
were shocked
has been finished
be looked
was laughed
was given
be replaced
are being built
were buried
has been collected
has been regarded
was destroyed
will be put
are requested
were invited