2024年中考英语二轮复习专题-动词
一．动词的用法
(1)基本形式：原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词
help→helps→helping→helped→helped
①say→_____→saying→_____→_____
②go→goes→going→_____→_____
(2)实义动词( 及物动词＋宾语 )：buy flowers
①_____ books(看书)
②_____ food(做饭)
(3)实义动词( 不及物动词 )＋介词＋宾语)：arrive in Beijing
( 不及物动词 不接宾语)：leave Shanghai
①________ music 听音乐
②The train _______(停下) just now.
(4) 系动词 ＋adj.：it becomes popular.
①It ______(品尝) delicious.
②It ________(听起来) beautiful.
(5) 情态动词 ＋动词原形：should finish
①may _____ a walk 可能去散步
②must ____ home 必须回家
(6)动词词组( 动词＋prep./adv. )：(2023年T21)give up
①_____ for寻找
②____ for请求
答案：says said said
went gone
read
cook
listen to
stopped
tastes
sounds
take
go
look
ask
二：谓语动词的时态
(1)一般现在时：主语＋ am/is/are主语＋ 动词原形/第三人称单数
Wang Yiyi is an artist.
①Peter _______(come) from Beijing.
②They often ________(practise) English.
(2)一般过去时：主语＋ was/were或动词过去式
Mike passed his exams last week.
①Mama Bird brought them, together and _______(teach) them to fly.
②Jenny ____(be) a teacher 2 years ago.
(3)一般将来时：主语＋will＋动词原形/主语＋be going to＋动词原形
I will plant trees next week.
①Mum _______________________(visit) her friends tomorrow.
②Now, the city is hoping that the bridge _________(bring) lots of tourists to the area.
(4)现在进行时：主语＋ am/is/are ＋动词的现在分词
I am reading books.
①Tom is __________(watch) a movie now.
②The students ____________(draw) at present.
(5)过去进行时：主语＋ was/were ＋ 动词的现在分词
He was sleeping at this time yesterday.
①Jack and I ____________(play) football at 5 p.m. last Monday.
②I _____________(swim) at nine yesterday evening.
(6)现在完成时：主语＋ has/ have ＋ 动词的过去分词
I have learned English for ten years.
①Jim ___________(collect) three model planes so far.
②My parents ___________(visit) Guangzhou twice.
答案：
comes
practise
taught
was
will visit/is going to visit
will bring
watching
are drawing
were playing
was swimming
has collected
have visited
三．谓语动词的被动语态
(1)一般现在时：am/is/are ＋动词的过去分词
are made 被制造
The classroom __________(clean) by students every day.
(2)一般过去时：was/were＋动词的过去分词
①This little one ___________(call) Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
②Some people __________(ask) to check out the bridge before the opening.
③He told them that kites ______________ (invent) in China more than 2,000 years ago.
(3)一般将来时： will/shall be ＋动词的过去分词
am/is/are going to be ＋动词的过去分词
will be invited 将被邀请
A school _____________________(build) next year.
(4)含有情态动词：情态动词＋be ＋动词的过去分词
should be allowed 应该被允许
①The bike can _______(put) here.
②Decisions should _________(make) quickly.
(5)主动语态变被动语态：We bought books.→Books were bought by us.
①Mike planted a tree.
A tree _____ ________ by Mike.
②I closed the door.
The door ______ _______ by me.
(6)省略to的不定式变被动语态：
I heard Tom play music.→Tom was heard to play music by me.
①The boss made workers do the work.
Workers _____ _____ __ ___ the work by the boss.
②Mary saw Ben play football just now.
Ben ____ _____ __ ____ football by Mary just now.
答案：is cleaned
was called
were asked
were invented
will/ is going to be built
be put
be made
was planted
was closed
were made to do
was seen to play
四．动词的非谓语形式
(1)动词不定式作主语：To do sth.＋动词
To do sports is healthy.
①___ ______(学习) a foreign language isn’t easy.
②___ _____(帮助) animals is helping people.
(2)动词不定式作宾语：主语＋动词＋to do sth.
主语＋动词＋ 疑问词＋to do sth.I hope to see you.
I don't know what to do.
①Suddenly, it begins ___ _____(rain).
②Mum doesn't know ____________(去哪里).
(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语：主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋to do sth.
①(2022年T6)My dad asked me _________(bring) it into the kitchen.
②One day, the teacher told her _______ a test.
③I expect each of you ________(make) a kite.
(4)动词不定式作状语：主语＋动词＋ 直接宾语＋to do sth.
①Many tourists, they believe, will come _________(enjoy) the fantastic experience of walking across.
②David went to China ________(learn) Chinese.
(5)动名词作主语：动名词＋动词：Swimming is popular.
①_______ is believing. 眼见为实。
②_________ is unhealthy. 吸烟不健康。
(6)动名词作表语：主语＋ 系动词＋动名词 ：
Her hobby is planting flowers.
①Tom's favorite sport is _________(run).
②The most popular is ________(play) chess.
(7)动名词作宾语：
主语＋动词＋动名词 ：I'll finish reading it.
主语＋ 动词＋介词＋动名词 ：
You can stop people from throwing rubbish.
①Morning after morning, he practiced _________(flap) his wings.
②My sister spends much time in ________(write) her report.
(8)动名词作定语：动名词＋n.：reading materials
①a ________ bird 一只唱歌的鸟
②a ________ room 一间会议室
③a ________ bag 一个睡袋
答案：to learn; to help
to rain ; where to go
to bring; to take; to make
to enjoy; to learn
Seeing; Smoking
running; playing
flapping;writing
singing; meeting; sleeping
一．短文填空（2023年新题型变化）
eat wear take call put be drink
1.(2023省卷69题改编)The kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo might the world's earliest form of toothbrushes.
2.(2022省卷73题改编) People there like to tea with sugar or milk in it.
3.(2021省卷68题改编)His Chinese name is Pan Weilian, His Chinese friends him" Lao Pan"
4..(省卷真题改编)Jane felt sad that kid here didn' t have new clothes to and toys
to play with.
5.(省卷真题改编) I liked Andy so much that I asked a visitor to a photo of that painting and me.
解析：
1.be 语境推断法。情态动词might后加动词原形。句子意思：用猪毛和竹子刷成的牙刷可能是世界上最早的牙刷。
2.drink 固定搭配法。drink tea喝茶
3.call 语境推断法。他的中文名字是潘伟廉，他的中国朋友叫他“老潘”。
4.wear 语境推断法。wear new clothes穿新衣服。
5.take 固定搭配法。take a photo拍照。
show worry choose try spend make
6.(省卷真题改编）Yesterday was Mr.Zhang's mother's birthday.The couple wanted to do something to
their love for her.
7.(省卷真题改编）We must visit our parents as often as possible and time with them even though we may work far away.
8.(省卷真题改编）We told the little boy not to about it and then we tried to get in touch with his mother with the phone number he gave us.
9.(省卷真题改编)My grandfather came to America.“I had thought it was easy to
money in America,”he told me.
10.(省卷真题改编）Jack is excited to the local food and experience the beauty of Guangzhou.
解析：
6.show 语境推断法。show their love for展示他们的爱。
7.spend 固定搭配法。spend time花费时间。
8.worry固定搭配法。Worry about...担心
9.make 固定搭配法。make money赚钱
10.try语境推断法。take a photo拍照。句子意思：杰克很兴奋地尝试一下当地的食物，体验一下广州的美丽。
work set stay clean happen close cheer
11.(2023省卷68题)According to some research,before toothbrushes appeared,the ancient Chinese people
their teeth with some small tree branches.
12.(2021省卷69题改编)In 1988,Lao Pan first came to China and as a teacher at a university.
13.(省卷真题改编)With the help of her mother,Jane up her first lemonade stand(摊档).In a week,it made $52.
14.(省卷真题改编)Each time they were about to give up,their father them up patiently.
15.(省卷真题改编)Just at that moment,we saw a little boy standing alone and crying.We went over and asked what to him.
解析：
11.cleaned 语境推断法。根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，古代中国人 用一些小树枝来清洁它们的牙齿。
12.worked语境推断法。作为一名教师对应的动词是工作。
13.set 固定搭配法。Set up建立，成立
14.cheered 固定搭配法。Cheered up欢呼雀跃
15.happened 固定搭配法。What happened 发生了什么事
increase dance write lose help save spread
16.(2022年省卷72题改编)Tea wasn't introduced into Europe until the early 17th century.And now it has
in Europe and America.
17.(2021年省卷71题改编)These experiences in China gave Lao Pan ideas for his books.Since then,he has thirteen books about China.
18.My father his ID card yesterday,Luckily,he found it with a policeman's help.
19.The number of people riding bikes has a lot so far.It's good for the environment.
20.Andy didn't play with us last night,because he was his sister with guitar at that time.
解析：
16.spread 语境推断法。现在它已经 在欧洲和美国传播。Has+动词过去分词，现在完成时的谓语结构。
17.written语境推断法。write books写书。Has+动词过去分词，现在完成时的谓语结构。
18.lost 语境推断法。幸运的是，他在一个警察的帮助下找到了它。推断前面是丢失。
19.increased语境推断法。到目前为止，骑自行车的人数已经增加了很多。
20.helping 固定搭配法。Help...with...在某方面帮助。。。
二．语法单选题
1.(省卷真题)Dirty air and water are harmful.They_________kill plants,and even people.
A .can B .can't C .should D .shouldn't
解析：A 考查情态动词。语境推断法。肮脏的空气和水是有害的。它们能杀害植物甚至是人类。
2.(省卷真题)To keep children safe,we___________put the things like knives and medicine away in our house.
A .may B .should C .can D .might
解析：B 考查情态动词。语境推断法。为了保护孩子们的安全，我们应该把像刀和药这样的东西在家里远离小孩。
3.(省卷真题)—Mum, I visit the Modern Art Museum next Monday —I'm afraid you can't.All the museums in this city are closed on Monday.
A.would B.need C.should D.may
解析：D 考查情态动词。语境推断法。May提问表示征求意见。
4.(省卷真题)Look!The traffic light has turned red.We stop our car.
A .can B .can't C .must D .mustn't
解析：C 考查情态动词。语境推断法。看交通灯已经变红了。我们必须停车。
5.(省卷真题)—___________you come with me to Lang Lang's piano concert this evening —I'd love to,but I have to study for my math test.
A .Should B .May C .Must D . Can
解析：D 考查情态动词。语境推断法。根据回答判断问句是表示请求。Can表示请求。
6.(2023省卷40题)These experiences have influenced his life.Now David space science.He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future.
A .study B .is studying C .was studying
解析：B考查时态。时间标志词判断法。Now提醒是现在进行时。
7.(2022省卷39题)Wang Yiyi herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should
keep practicing.
A .tell B .tells C .told
解析：C考查时态。语境推断法。从句had提示是一般过去时。
8.(2021省卷37题)Now,the city is hoping that the bridge lots of tourists to the area.
A .brought B .will bring C .is bringing D .was bringing
解析：B考查时态。语境推断法。现在，该市希望这座桥将为该地区带来大量游客。
9.(省卷真题)Judie thought for a moment and ,“Butterflies.”
A .answers B .answered C .will answer D .has answered
解析：B考查时态。语境推断法。and前后表并列，动词时态保持一致。thought是think的过去式。此空用动词过去式。
10.(省卷真题)My father in a panda protection center for 10 years,so he knows a lot
about pandas.
A .was working B .is working C .has worked D .will work
解析：C考查时态。时间标志词判断法。For+一段时间，提示是现在完成时。
11.(省卷真题)It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong to more than
1,000 so far.
A .increase B .increased C .has increased D .will increase
解析：C考查时态。时间标志词判断法。so far，提示是现在完成时。
12.(省卷真题)—I saw the light of your room was still on at two o'clock last night.
—Oh,I a football match of the Russia World Cup.
A .watched B .was watched C .am watching D .was watching
解析：D考查时态。时间标志词判断法。at two o'clock last night，昨晚两点，提示是过去进行时。
13.(2023省卷33题)At the age of seven,David had his first astronaut(宇航员)training experience.He and his parents to a Family Space Camp.
A .invited B .are invited C .were invited
解析：D考查被动语态。主语He and his parents与谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，At the age of seven提示是一般过去时。
14.(2022省卷37题)Students in the school to get up at 6:45 a.m.to practice their basic
skills,but Wang got up at 6:00 in the morning.
A .ask B .asked C .were asked
解析：C考查被动语态。主语Students与谓语动词ask之间是被动关系，got up提示是一般过去时。
15.(2021省卷39题)Some people to check out the bridge before the opening.Jerry was one of them.
A .are inviting B .are invited C .were invited D .were inviting
解析：C考查被动语态。主语Some people与谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，was提示是一般过去时。
16.(省卷真题)He told them that kites in China more than 2,000 years ago.
A .invent B .invented C .are invented D .were invented
解析：D考查被动语态。主语kites与谓语动词invent之间是被动关系，2,000 years ago提示是一般过去时。
17.(2023省卷39题)I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp,and I don't even need the
earth.
A .leave B .leaving C .to leave
解析：C考查非谓语动词。固定搭配法。need to do sth.需要做某事。
18.(2022省卷34题)One day,the teacher told her a test.If she passed the test,she could
enter a Beijing Opera school.
A .take B .to take C .taking
解析：B考查非谓语动词。固定搭配法。tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事。
19.(2021省卷38题)Many tourists,they believe,will come the fantastic experience of walking across.
A .enjoy B .enjoyed C .enjoying D .to enjoy
解析：D考查非谓语动词。句子成分分析法。To do表示目的，在句子做状语。
20.(省卷真题)I expect each of you a kite that means something important to you.
A .make B .to make C .making D .made
解析：B考查非谓语动词。固定搭配法。expect sb. to do sth.期待某人去做某事。
21.(省卷真题)Young people are encouraged to work hard their own dreams.
A .achieve B .achieves C .to achieve D .achieved
解析：C考查非谓语动词。句子成分分析法。To do表示目的，在句子做状语。
考向一 实义动词在完形填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，主要考查实义动词词义的辨析，且主要是根据文章语境推断出正确答案。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，共考查了18次实义动词词义的辨析(每年必考34题)，其中4次对实义动词词义辨析的考查是根据词汇复现来确定答案的，14次是根据语境推断来确定答案的。
1.语境推断法。
例：Day by day, the weather got cooler. The leaves slowly 46 their colour and tiny apples appeared among them. (2023广东中考)
( )46. A. shared B. found C. passed D. changed
解析：A. shared B. found C. passed D. changed
分享 发现 通过 改变
由上文及语境可知，天气一天比一天凉快，树叶慢慢地改变了颜色，小苹果出现在其中，故选D。
例：It was Mila, a whale in the pool. She noticed Susan’s trouble, held her leg in her mouth and pushed Susan up to the surface. Susan was __23__， thanks to Mila’s quick action. (2023广州中考)
( )23. A. changed B. lost C. chosen D. saved
解析：由上文提及Mila注意到Susan的麻烦，并含住Susan的腿，把她推上水面可知，此处指多亏了Mila的快速行动，Susan得救了，故选D。
( )23. A. changed B. lost C. chosen D. saved
改变 丢失 选择 挽救
2.词汇复现法。
“Well, there you go. That’s how you paint it. Start working！” said Mr White.
Sam was already __22__. He splashed(泼洒) large amounts of paint all over the paper. (2022广州中考)
( )22. A. painting B. playing C. talking D. writing
解析：由上文提及Mr White对Mike说“这样画就可以了”及下文提及Sam泼洒了大量的颜料可知，此处指Sam已经在进行绘画了，故选A。
( )22. A. painting B. playing C. talking D. writing
画画 玩 谈话 写
考向二：实义动词在短文填空/语篇填词中的运用
短文填空:
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，实义动词考查了9次，其中动词原形6年4考，动词的一般过去时6年3考，动词的一般现在时6年1考，动词的现在完成时6年1考。针对该题型，考生需首先确定空格处填的词为动词，再结合句子的时态，空格前是否有不定式、情态动词等确定所填动词的形式。
方法一：
第一步：判断挖空处应填动词。
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
1. 在情态动词后。
About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might 69 the world's earliest form of toothbrushes. (2023广东中考)
分析句子可知，情态动词might后接动词原形。由句义可知，这可能是世界上最早的牙刷。此处表示“是”，故用be。
2. 句中缺少谓语动词。
His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 68 him “Lao Pan. ”(2021广东中考)
分析句子成分可知，His Chinese friends为主语，him是宾语，Lao Pan是宾补。本句缺少谓语，故此处应填动词。由上文可知，此处时态为一般现在时，并由句义“他的中国朋友叫他‘老潘'”可知，此处表示“把……叫作”，且主语是His Chinese friends, 故用call。
第二步：判断所填动词的形式。
1. 在to后用动词原形，构成动词不定式。
People there like to 73 tea with sugar or milk in it. (2022广东中考)
动词不定式(to＋动词原形)
固定搭配：like to do sth. 意为“喜欢做某事”，由语境及句义可知，那里的人们喜欢喝加糖或牛奶的茶，故用drink/have。
2. and连接的并列结构中，前后动词保持形式一致。
We must visit our parents as often as possible, and 80 time with them even though we may work far away. (2016广东中考)
and连接两个并列的谓语动词，两者时态与人称需保持一致，visit为动词原形，故该空也应为动词原形。且由上文提及“我们必须多看望父母”可知，此处是指我们应该多花时间陪伴他们，故用spend。
语篇填词
分析广州近3年中考真题可知，在语篇填词中，共考查了3次实义动词，都是根据语境推断来确定答案的。
Today is Duanwu Jie, or Dragon Boat Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. Chinese people r__46__ the great patriotic poet(爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rowing dragon boats and making zongzi on this day. (2023广州中考)
由上文提及端午节可知，此处指在这一天，中国人通过划龙舟和包粽子来纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原。此处是描述事实，需用一般现在时，主语是Chinese people，动词用原形，故用remember。
考向三：动词时态在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷2023年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，动词时态考查了现在进行时。在做题时，考生需要根据时间标志词判断动词的时态。
These experiences have influenced his life. Now David 40 space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future. (2023广东中考)
( )40. A. study B. is studying C. was studying
由时间标志词“Now”可知，现在David正在学习空间科学，此处需用现在进行时，故选B。
( )40. A. study B. is studying C. was studying
一般现在时(原形) 现在进行时 过去进行时
考向四 动词时态在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，动词时态考查了9次，其中动词的过去式6年5考(3次考查动词的规则变化，2次考查动词的不规则变化)，动词的原形6年2考(考查动词的规则变化)，动词的过去分词6年2考(考查动词的不规则变化)。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了7次动词时态(每年必考12题)，其中4次考查一般过去时，1次考查一般现在时，2次考查现在进行时。
方法一：根据上下文语境来推断动词的时态。
方法二：根据时间标志词来推断动词的时态。
1. 在一般现在时中，动词用原形或第三人称单数形式。
(1)主语是复数时，谓语动词要用原形。
His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 68 him “Lao Pan. ”(2021广东中考)
分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语。由上文“他的中文名字是潘维廉”可知，此处指“他的中国朋友都叫他‘老潘’”。由上文的be动词is可知，此处时态为一般现在时，且主语是His Chinese friends, 谓语动词要用原形，故用call。
(2)主语为单数、动名词或不定代词时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
At mealtimes, no one 74 at the dining table for their food. “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their screen，” Mrs. Smith explains. (2017广东中考)
分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语。由下文提及每个人都在做其他事情可知，此处指“没有人坐在餐桌旁吃饭”，主语no one为不定代词，且由下文的explains可知，此处时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故用sits。
2. 在一般过去时中，动词用过去式。
(1)主从句时态一致，当主句是一般过去时，从句通常也用过去的某个时态。
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 68 their teeth with some small tree branches. (2023广东中考)
分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语。由句义可知，根据一些研究，在牙刷出现之前，古代的中国人用一些小树枝清洁牙齿。此处表示“清洁；清理”，需用框中所给的单词clean。由从句中的appeared可知，主句中的谓语动词也用过去式，故用cleaned。
(2)and/or连接的并列的动词过去式。
In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and 69 as a teacher at a university. (2021广东中考)
and连接两个并列的谓语动词。固定搭配：work as…意为“从事……工作”，且由上文的时间状语In 1988及谓语动词came可知，此处时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故用worked。
(3)根据上下文语境判断时态。
With the help of her mother, Jane 72 up her first lemonade stand(摊档). In a week, it made $52. (2020广东中考)
分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语。由lemonade stand可知，Jane设立了她的第一个柠檬汽水摊，固定搭配：set up意为“建立，设立”。由下文的made可知，此处时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故用set。
3. 在现在完成时中，动词用过去分词。
Tea wasn't introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has 72 popular in Europe and America. (2022广东中考)
由上文提及“茶直到17世纪初才引进欧洲”可知，此处指现在它在欧洲和美国很受欢迎。分析句子时态，由助动词has可知，此处时态为现在完成时，谓语动词要用过去分词，故用become。
考向五 被动语态在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，被动语态考查了4次，均考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了5次被动语态，其中4次考查一般过去时的被动语态，1次考查一般现在时的被动语态。
考生在做题时需注意以下两点：
(1) 判断主语和谓语之间的关系是主动还是被动；
(2) 判断被动语态的时态和数的变化：联系上下文，确定被动语态的时态；助动词be要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
例：He and his parents 33 to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel in space. (2023广东中考)
( )33. A. invited B. are invited C. were invited
由句义“他和他的父母被邀请到一个家庭太空营”可知，主语He and his parents是谓语动词invite的承受者，由下文的had可知，此处时态为一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故用were invited。
例：But the last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
(2023广州中考)
( )3. A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called
主语This little one是第三人称单数，是谓语动词call的承受者，用被动语态，由上下文的came、was可知，此处的时态为一般过去时，故选C。
( )3. A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called
例：“And I!” they all said, until a whole shower went down and the corn __14__—all because one little raindrop tried its best to do what it could.(2021广州中考)
( )14. A. save B. saved C. is saved D. was saved
主语the corn是第三人称单数，是谓语动词save的承受者，用被动语态，由上文的went可知，此处的时态为一般过去时，故选D。
考向六 被动语态在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，被动语态考查了1次，考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。在做题时，需先分析句子所缺成分，再根据主语和谓语之间的关系判断语态。
例：Once, Will and his brother Harry 73 given a job to rebuild a broken brick(砖) wall in the yard. The wall was fifty feet wide and around sixteen feet high. (2018广东中考)
主语Will and his brother Harry是复数，是谓语动词give的承受者，用被动语态，且由下文的was可知，此处时态是一般过去时，助动词也用一般过去时，故用were。
考向七 被动语态在完成句子中的运用
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在完成句子中，共考查了6次被动语态(每年考1道)，其中1次考查一般过去时的被动语态，2次考查一般现在时的被动语态，2次考查一般将来时的被动语态，1次考查含有情态动词的被动语态。完成句子的中文提示通常为主动语态，需注意空格前的主语是否与所填的谓语动词构成被动关系，并结合句中的时间关键词等确定被动语态的时态。
例：55. 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。(2023广州中考)
I hope one day my art works ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery.
英文句子中主语为my art works，与谓语动词“展出”构成被动关系，结合句中的one day可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be showed。
54. 在科学老师的帮助下，凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射。
With the help of the science teacher, the bottle rocket ________ ________ successfully by Kate's group. (2022广州中考)
英文句子中主语为the bottle rocket，与谓语动词“发射”构成被动关系，又结合介词by可知，此处要用被动语态。由此题整句话可知，Kate参加科学日活动发生在过去，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was launched。
61. 明年广州将会使用更多智能出租车。
More smart taxis ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou next year. (2020广州中考)
英文句子中主语为taxis，与谓语动词“使用”构成被动关系；结合句中的next year可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be used。
考向八 非谓语动词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，非谓语动词主要考查动词不定式。针对该考点，考生可通过固定搭配法与句子成分分析法来确定答案。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了13次非谓语动词(每年必考13题)，其中5次考查动名词，6次考查动词不定式，2次考查动词原形。针对该考点，学生可通过固定搭配与句子成分分析来确定答案。在6年中考真题中，7次对非谓语动词的考查是根据固定搭配来确定答案的，6次是根据句子成分分析来确定答案的。
1. 固定搭配法。
例：“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don't even need 39 the earth,” he said. (2023广东中考)
( )39. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
解析：固定搭配：need to do sth. 意为“需要做某事”，故用to leave。
( )39. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
原形 动名词/现在分词 不定式
例：Morning after morning, he practiced ____ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. (2023广州中考)
( )9. A. flap B. to flap C. flapping D. flapped
句义：每天早上，日复一日，他练习拍打他的翅膀，并且它们变得越来越强壮了。固定搭配：practice doing sth. 意为“练习做某事”，故选C。
( )9. A. flap B. to flap C. flapping D. flapped
原形 不定式 动名词/现在分词 过去式
例：My dad asked me____ it into the kitchen. (2022广州中考)
( )6. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring
句义：我爸爸让我把它带到厨房。固定搭配：ask sb. to do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，故选D。
( )6. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring
原形 动名词/现在分词 过去式 不定式
2. 句子成分分析法。
例：Many tourists, they believe, will come 38 the fantastic experience of walking across. (2021广东中考)
( )38. A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy
由句义“他们相信，会有许多游客前来享受步行过桥这个奇妙体验”可知，enjoy the fantastic experience是come的目的，此处用不定式作目的状语，故用to enjoy。
( )38. A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy
原形 过去式/过去分词 动名词/现在分词 不定式
例：After months of ____, I finally had enough money to get one. (2022广州中考)
( )1. A. save B. saves C. saved D. saving
句义：经过几个月的储蓄，我终于有足够的钱买一条(宠物鱼)了。介词of后用v.-ing形式，故选D。
考向九 非谓语动词在语法选择中的运用
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在完成句子中，共考查了7次非谓语动词(每年必考1~2题)，其中3次考查动名词，4次考查动词不定式。
1. 动词不定式。
例：55. 动笔前，先仔细计划要写什么。
Before you start, plan carefully ________ ________ ________. (2021广州中考)
此处考查疑问词与不定式连用作宾语，故填what to write。
例：60. 从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。
________ ________ about an hour ________ ________ to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.(2020年广东广州)
此处考查固定句型：It takes some time to do sth. 意为“做某事花费多少时间”，动词不定式在句子中作主语，故填It takes; to walk。
2. 动名词。
例：57.凯特决定去社区工作，而不去度假。
Instead of ________ ________ ________, Kate decided to work in the community. (2020广州中考)
此处考查动名词作介词宾语，介词of后用v.-ing形式，故填 going on holiday 或 taking a vacation。
例：59. 明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。
The heavy rain may ________ us from ________ out tomorrow. (2018广州中考)
此处考查固定搭配：stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 意为“阻碍某人做某事”，故填stop/prevent/keep；going。
一．语法选择（情态动词）
Should we have any pocket money at all I said"YES"because it1. teach us something useful.
With pocket money,we can learn how to spend money.We must decide what to buy with less money,and we will try to save up for something big.So that,we 2. ask our parents for it.
However,some parents think we 3. have pocket money,However,if we don't buy anything ourselves,we don't enjoy the cost of things.Last year,I saved and bought a camera myself.I 4. know how expensive they were until that moment.
Finally.I think having pocket money 5. be a very good idea.It teaches us to manage money.
( )1.A .should B .can C .must
( )2.A .can't B .mustn’t C .needn't
( )3.A .shouldn't B .may C .mustn’t
( )4.A .needn't B .couldn't C .cant
( )5.A .couldn't B .must C .need
解析：对于零花钱的看法
1.A 方法：语境推断法。句子意思：零花钱能教我们一下有用的事情。
2.C 方法：语境推断法。句子意思：我们必须决定用更少的钱买什么，我们将努力为一些大的东西存钱因此，我们不需要向父母要钱。
3.A 方法：语境推断法。句子意思：然而，一些家长认为我们不应该有零花钱。However表示转折。
4.B 方法：语境推断法。句子意思：去年，我自己存了钱，还买了一台相机。我不会知道它们有多贵，直到那一刻。
5.B 方法：语境推断法。句子意思：最终，我认为有零花钱一定是一个很好的主意。它教会了我们如何管理金钱。
二．完形填空短篇练
At a sports meeting last year,I took part in the long jump competition and got the second place.After the prize-giving ceremony,I 1. that this medal(奖牌)should be given to Olivia.I felt ashamed and wanted to 2. the medal.But Olivia 3. me,saying it was unnecessary because her goal was to win the first prize.
From then on,we often practiced long jump together.She 4. winning the gold medal this year.Without misunderstandings,Olivia and I have got along better with each other.We have unexpectedly become best friends.
( )1.A .found out B .came out C .took out D .brought out
( )2.A .use up B .fix up C .pick up D .give up
( )3.pared with B .dealt with C .disagreed with D .helped with
( )4.A .dressed up B .stayed up C .set up D .ended up
解析：在运动会上参加跳远比赛的经历。
1.A 考查动词词组的辨析。分析各个选项，A选项是找到，发现；B选项是出现，出版，显露；C选项是带走；D选项是使显现。根据上下文语境，在颁奖仪式结束后，我发现这枚奖章（奖牌）应该送给奥利维亚。
2.D 考查动词词组的辨析。分析各个选项，A选项是用完；B选项是修理；C选项是捡起；D选项是放弃。根据上下文语境，我感到羞愧，想放弃奖牌。
3.C 考查动词词组的辨析。分析各个选项，A选项是与...比较；B选项是处理；C选项是不同意；D选项是在...帮助...。根据上下文语境，但奥利维亚不同意我的观点，她说这没有必要，因为她的目标是赢得一等奖。But前后表示转折。
4.D 考查动词词组的辨析。分析各个选项，A选项是装扮；B选项是熬夜；C选项是成立；D选项是最终，以...结束。根据上下文语境，她最终赢得了今年的金牌。
三．语篇填词（动词专练）
I went shopping with my father yesterday. When we got home, he wanted to know how much money we 1.________(spend). Suddenly, he told me something was wrong. We got 50 yuan more than what we could get.
“That’s so great, Dad! You can 2. b________ me a new cartoon book,” I said. However, my father 3.________(要求) me to give the money back. I thought it was stupid to do that. My father 4. f________ angry and said, “Being honest is very important, so return the money.” I 5.________(look) into his eyes and knew he was right. At last, I returned the money.
1. _______ 2. __________ 3._______ 4.________ 5. ______
解析：
1.spent方法：语境推断法。 根据从句动词got提示要用动词过去式。
2.buy 方法：语境推断法。情态动词后加动词原形。根据句子意思，给我买一本新的卡通书。
3.asked方法：语境推断法。根据上下句动词提示用过去式的形式
4.felt 方法：语境推断法。Feel angry感到生气。
5.looked方法：固定搭配法。looked into his eyes看着他的眼睛。
四．语法填空（时态专练）
Michael is our foreign teacher. He 1. c________ from America. He is humorous, so we all like his class. He 2.__________(stay) at our school since last year. Next week, there 3.____________________(be) an English party in the school hall. We plan to sing an English song. Now, we 4._____________(practise) singing in the gym.
Yesterday, when we 5._____________(talk) about the coming party, Michael turned up at that moment. We told him about the party and 6.i________ him to attend it. He was so excited and hoped to come. We also looked forward to having great fun that day.
1._________ 2._________3.________ 4.________ 5._________6._________
解析：
1.comes方法：语境推断法。根据上下句动词提示是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数。
2.has stayed方法：时间标志词判断法。关键词since last year，提示是现在完成时。
3.will be/is going to be方法：时间标志词判断法。关键词Next week，提示是一般将来时。
4.are practising方法：时间标志词判断法。关键词Now，提示是现在进行时。
5.were talking方法：语境推断法。关键词Yesterday，when 引导的时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生的时候，从句动作正在发生。
6.invited方法：语境推断法。And前后动词表并列，时态保持一致。
五．选词填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
make buy send pass draw give die say meet ask start receive
For two years,Chelsea Phaire has been giving away art tools to poor kids,so they can make their artwork.
Chelsea learned the power of 1. art works when she was four.At that time,her grandpa
2. away,and she was really sad.Grandma advised her to 3. a picture for her grandpa.That really helped her get through that hard time.
Chelsea also used art to deal with her feelings when she 4. difficulties.She thought it
made her feel happy.Besides,it also 5. her a creative way to express herself.
For her eighth birthday,Chelsea 6. a wonderful art kit(工具包).When her mom 7.
that not everyone was lucky enough to have art in their lives,Chelsea was surprised.Chelsea always wanted to 8. a charity(慈善机构)
At the age of 10,her parents were 9. to give art tools to her as her birthday gifts.She put
together 40 kits with finger paints,brushes,colored pencils,and then 10. them to children.
Since then,with money in her charity,she has been able to send out more kits!
解析：艺术传递温暖人情。
1.making 词汇复现法。根据上一段中，make their artwork，此空填make。介词of后面用动词-ing的形式
2.passed 固定搭配法。passed away去世。At that time提示动词用过去式。
3. draw 固定搭配法。draw a picture画一幅画。
4.met 语境推断法。句子意思：Chelsea 也用艺术来处理她在遇到困难时的感受。
5. gave 语境推断法。句子意思：此外，这也给了她一种创造性的表达方式。
6.received 语境推断法。句子意思：在她的八岁生日那天，Chelsea收到了一件很棒的艺术装备。
7.said 语境推断法。句子意思：当她妈妈说 并不是每个人都足够幸运，生活中有艺术，Chelsea很惊讶。
8.start 语境推断法。句子意思：Chelsea一直想创办一个慈善机构.
9.asked 语境推断法。句子意思：10岁时，她的父母被要求给她一些艺术工具作为她的生日礼物。
10.sent 语境推断法。句子意思：她把 总共有40包手指颜料、刷子、彩色铅笔，然后寄给孩子们。2024年中考英语二轮复习专题-动词
一．动词的用法
(1)基本形式：原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词
help→helps→helping→helped→helped
①say→_____→saying→_____→_____
②go→goes→going→_____→_____
(2)实义动词( 及物动词＋宾语 )：buy flowers
①_____ books(看书)
②_____ food(做饭)
(3)实义动词( 不及物动词 )＋介词＋宾语)：arrive in Beijing
( 不及物动词 不接宾语)：leave Shanghai
①________ music 听音乐
②The train _______(停下) just now.
(4) 系动词 ＋adj.：it becomes popular.
①It ______(品尝) delicious.
②It ________(听起来) beautiful.
(5) 情态动词 ＋动词原形：should finish
①may _____ a walk 可能去散步
②must ____ home 必须回家
(6)动词词组( 动词＋prep./adv. )：(2023年T21)give up
①_____ for寻找
②____ for请求
二：谓语动词的时态
(1)一般现在时：主语＋ am/is/are主语＋ 动词原形/第三人称单数
Wang Yiyi is an artist.
①Peter _______(come) from Beijing.
②They often ________(practise) English.
(2)一般过去时：主语＋ was/were或动词过去式
Mike passed his exams last week.
①Mama Bird brought them, together and _______(teach) them to fly.
②Jenny ____(be) a teacher 2 years ago.
(3)一般将来时：主语＋will＋动词原形/主语＋be going to＋动词原形
I will plant trees next week.
①Mum _______________________(visit) her friends tomorrow.
②Now, the city is hoping that the bridge _________(bring) lots of tourists to the area.
(4)现在进行时：主语＋ am/is/are ＋动词的现在分词
I am reading books.
①Tom is __________(watch) a movie now.
②The students ____________(draw) at present.
(5)过去进行时：主语＋ was/were ＋ 动词的现在分词
He was sleeping at this time yesterday.
①Jack and I ____________(play) football at 5 p.m. last Monday.
②I _____________(swim) at nine yesterday evening.
(6)现在完成时：主语＋ has/ have ＋ 动词的过去分词
I have learned English for ten years.
①Jim ___________(collect) three model planes so far.
②My parents ___________(visit) Guangzhou twice.
三．谓语动词的被动语态
(1)一般现在时：am/is/are ＋动词的过去分词
are made 被制造
The classroom __________(clean) by students every day.
(2)一般过去时：was/were＋动词的过去分词
①This little one ___________(call) Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
②Some people __________(ask) to check out the bridge before the opening.
③He told them that kites ______________ (invent) in China more than 2,000 years ago.
(3)一般将来时： will/shall be ＋动词的过去分词
am/is/are going to be ＋动词的过去分词
will be invited 将被邀请
A school _____________________(build) next year.
(4)含有情态动词：情态动词＋be ＋动词的过去分词
should be allowed 应该被允许
①The bike can _______(put) here.
②Decisions should _________(make) quickly.
(5)主动语态变被动语态：We bought books.→Books were bought by us.
①Mike planted a tree.
A tree _____ ________ by Mike.
②I closed the door.
The door ______ _______ by me.
(6)省略to的不定式变被动语态：
I heard Tom play music.→Tom was heard to play music by me.
①The boss made workers do the work.
Workers _____ _____ __ ___ the work by the boss.
②Mary saw Ben play football just now.
Ben ____ _____ __ ____ football by Mary just now.
四．动词的非谓语形式
(1)动词不定式作主语：To do sth.＋动词
To do sports is healthy.
①___ ______(学习) a foreign language isn’t easy.
②___ _____(帮助) animals is helping people.
(2)动词不定式作宾语：主语＋动词＋to do sth.
主语＋动词＋ 疑问词＋to do sth.I hope to see you.
I don't know what to do.
①Suddenly, it begins ___ _____(rain).
②Mum doesn't know ____________(去哪里).
(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语：主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋to do sth.
①(2022年T6)My dad asked me _________(bring) it into the kitchen.
②One day, the teacher told her _______ a test.
③I expect each of you ________(make) a kite.
(4)动词不定式作状语：主语＋动词＋ 直接宾语＋to do sth.
①Many tourists, they believe, will come _________(enjoy) the fantastic experience of walking across.
②David went to China ________(learn) Chinese.
(5)动名词作主语：动名词＋动词：Swimming is popular.
①_______ is believing. 眼见为实。
②_________ is unhealthy. 吸烟不健康。
(6)动名词作表语：主语＋ 系动词＋动名词 ：
Her hobby is planting flowers.
①Tom's favorite sport is _________(run).
②The most popular is ________(play) chess.
(7)动名词作宾语：
主语＋动词＋动名词 ：I'll finish reading it.
主语＋ 动词＋介词＋动名词 ：
You can stop people from throwing rubbish.
①Morning after morning, he practiced _________(flap) his wings.
②My sister spends much time in ________(write) her report.
(8)动名词作定语：动名词＋n.：reading materials
①a ________ bird 一只唱歌的鸟
②a ________ room 一间会议室
③a ________ bag 一个睡袋
一．短文填空（2023年新题型变化）
eat wear take call put be drink
1.(2023省卷69题改编)The kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo might the world's earliest form of toothbrushes.
2.(2022省卷73题改编) People there like to tea with sugar or milk in it.
3.(2021省卷68题改编)His Chinese name is Pan Weilian, His Chinese friends him" Lao Pan"
4..(省卷真题改编)Jane felt sad that kid here didn' t have new clothes to and toys
to play with.
5.(省卷真题改编) I liked Andy so much that I asked a visitor to a photo of that painting and me.
show worry choose try spend make
6.(省卷真题改编）Yesterday was Mr.Zhang's mother's birthday.The couple wanted to do something to
their love for her.
7.(省卷真题改编）We must visit our parents as often as possible and time with them even though we may work far away.
8.(省卷真题改编）We told the little boy not to about it and then we tried to get in touch with his mother with the phone number he gave us.
9.(省卷真题改编)My grandfather came to America.“I had thought it was easy to
money in America,”he told me.
10.(省卷真题改编）Jack is excited to the local food and experience the beauty of Guangzhou.
work set stay clean happen close cheer
11.(2023省卷68题)According to some research,before toothbrushes appeared,the ancient Chinese people
their teeth with some small tree branches.
12.(2021省卷69题改编)In 1988,Lao Pan first came to China and as a teacher at a university.
13.(2020省卷72题改编)With the help of her mother,Jane up her first lemonade stand(摊档).In a week,it made $52.
14.(省卷真题改编)Each time they were about to give up,their father them up patiently.
15.(省卷真题改编)Just at that moment,we saw a little boy standing alone and crying.We went over and asked what to him.
increase dance write lose help save spread
16.(2022年省卷72题改编)Tea wasn't introduced into Europe until the early 17th century.And now it has
in Europe and America.
17.(2021年省卷71题改编)These experiences in China gave Lao Pan ideas for his books.Since then,he has thirteen books about China.
18.My father his ID card yesterday,Luckily,he found it with a policeman's help.
19.The number of people riding bikes has a lot so far.It's good for the environment.
20.Andy didn't play with us last night,because he was his sister with guitar at that time.
二．语法单选题
1.(省卷真题)Dirty air and water are harmful.They_________kill plants,and even people.
A .can B .can't C .should D .shouldn't
2.(省卷真题)To keep children safe,we___________put the things like knives and medicine away in our house.
A .may B .should C .can D .might
3.(省卷真题)—Mum, I visit the Modern Art Museum next Monday —I'm afraid you can't.All the museums in this city are closed on Monday.
A.would B.need C.should D.may
4.(省卷真题)Look!The traffic light has turned red.We stop our car.
A .can B .can't C .must D .mustn't
5.(省卷真题)—___________you come with me to Lang Lang's piano concert this evening —I'd love to,but I have to study for my math test.
A .Should B .May C .Must D . Can
6.(2023省卷40题)These experiences have influenced his life.Now David space science.He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future.
A .study B .is studying C .was studying
7.(2022省卷39题)Wang Yiyi herself that she still had a long way to go and that she should
keep practicing.
A .tell B .tells C .told
8.(2021省卷37题)Now,the city is hoping that the bridge lots of tourists to the area.
A .brought B .will bring C .is bringing D .was bringing
9.(省卷真题)Judie thought for a moment and ,“Butterflies.”
A .answers B .answered C .will answer D .has answered
10.(省卷真题)My father in a panda protection center for 10 years,so he knows a lot
about pandas.
A .was working B .is working C .has worked D .will work
11.(省卷真题)It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong to more than
1,000 so far.
A .increase B .increased C .has increased D .will increase
12.(省卷真题)—I saw the light of your room was still on at two o'clock last night.
—Oh,I a football match of the Russia World Cup.
A .watched B .was watched C .am watching D .was watching
13.(2023省卷33题)At the age of seven,David had his first astronaut(宇航员)training experience.He and his parents to a Family Space Camp.
A .invited B .are invited C .were invited
14.(2022省卷37题)Students in the school to get up at 6:45 a.m.to practice their basic
skills,but Wang got up at 6:00 in the morning.
A .ask B .asked C .were asked
15.(2021省卷39题)Some people to check out the bridge before the opening.Jerry was one of them.
A .are inviting B .are invited C .were invited D .were inviting
16.(省卷真题)He told them that kites in China more than 2,000 years ago.
A .invent B .invented C .are invented D .were invented
17.(2023省卷39题)I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp,and I don't even need the
earth.
A .leave B .leaving C .to leave
18.(2022省卷34题)One day,the teacher told her a test.If she passed the test,she could
enter a Beijing Opera school.
A .take B .to take C .taking
19.(2021省卷38题)Many tourists,they believe,will come the fantastic experience of walking across.
A .enjoy B .enjoyed C .enjoying D .to enjoy
20.(省卷真题)I expect each of you a kite that means something important to you.
A .make B .to make C .making D .made
21.(省卷真题)Young people are encouraged to work hard their own dreams.
A .achieve B .achieves C .to achieve D .achieved
考向一 实义动词在完形填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，主要考查实义动词词义的辨析，且主要是根据文章语境推断出正确答案。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在完形填空中，共考查了18次实义动词词义的辨析(每年必考34题)，其中4次对实义动词词义辨析的考查是根据词汇复现来确定答案的，14次是根据语境推断来确定答案的。
1.语境推断法。
例：Day by day, the weather got cooler. The leaves slowly 46 their colour and tiny apples appeared among them. (2023广东中考)
( )46. A. shared B. found C. passed D. changed
例：It was Mila, a whale in the pool. She noticed Susan’s trouble, held her leg in her mouth and pushed Susan up to the surface. Susan was __23__， thanks to Mila’s quick action. (2023广州中考)
( )23. A. changed B. lost C. chosen D. saved
2.词汇复现法。
“Well, there you go. That’s how you paint it. Start working！” said Mr White.
Sam was already __22__. He splashed(泼洒) large amounts of paint all over the paper. (2022广州中考)
( )22. A. painting B. playing C. talking D. writing
考向二：实义动词在短文填空/语篇填词中的运用
短文填空:
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，实义动词考查了9次，其中动词原形6年4考，动词的一般过去时6年3考，动词的一般现在时6年1考，动词的现在完成时6年1考。针对该题型，考生需首先确定空格处填的词为动词，再结合句子的时态，空格前是否有不定式、情态动词等确定所填动词的形式。
方法一：
第一步：判断挖空处应填动词。
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
1. 在情态动词后。
About 800 years ago, people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo. It might 69 the world's earliest form of toothbrushes. (2023广东中考)
2. 句中缺少谓语动词。
His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 68 him “Lao Pan. ”(2021广东中考)
第二步：判断所填动词的形式。
1. 在to后用动词原形，构成动词不定式。
People there like to 73 tea with sugar or milk in it. (2022广东中考)
2. and连接的并列结构中，前后动词保持形式一致。
We must visit our parents as often as possible, and 80 time with them even though we may work far away. (2016广东中考)
语篇填词
分析广州近3年中考真题可知，在语篇填词中，共考查了3次实义动词，都是根据语境推断来确定答案的。
Today is Duanwu Jie, or Dragon Boat Festival, one of the most important festivals in China. Chinese people r__46__ the great patriotic poet(爱国诗人) Qu Yuan by rowing dragon boats and making zongzi on this day. (2023广州中考)
考向三：动词时态在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷2023年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，动词时态考查了现在进行时。在做题时，考生需要根据时间标志词判断动词的时态。
These experiences have influenced his life. Now David 40 space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future. (2023广东中考)
( )40. A. study B. is studying C. was studying
考向四 动词时态在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，动词时态考查了9次，其中动词的过去式6年5考(3次考查动词的规则变化，2次考查动词的不规则变化)，动词的原形6年2考(考查动词的规则变化)，动词的过去分词6年2考(考查动词的不规则变化)。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了7次动词时态(每年必考12题)，其中4次考查一般过去时，1次考查一般现在时，2次考查现在进行时。
方法一：根据上下文语境来推断动词的时态。
方法二：根据时间标志词来推断动词的时态。
1. 在一般现在时中，动词用原形或第三人称单数形式。
(1)主语是复数时，谓语动词要用原形。
His Chinese name is Pan Weilian. His Chinese friends 68 him “Lao Pan. ”(2021广东中考)
(2)主语为单数、动名词或不定代词时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
At mealtimes, no one 74 at the dining table for their food. “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their screen，” Mrs. Smith explains. (2017广东中考)
2. 在一般过去时中，动词用过去式。
(1)主从句时态一致，当主句是一般过去时，从句通常也用过去的某个时态。
it either be because what else by invent clean popular habit hundred
According to some research, before toothbrushes appeared, the ancient Chinese people 68 their teeth with some small tree branches. (2023广东中考)
(2)and/or连接的并列的动词过去式。
In 1988, Lao Pan first came to China and 69 as a teacher at a university. (2021广东中考)
(3)根据上下文语境判断时态。
With the help of her mother, Jane 72 up her first lemonade stand(摊档). In a week, it made $52. (2020广东中考)
3. 在现在完成时中，动词用过去分词。
Tea wasn't introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has 72 popular in Europe and America. (2022广东中考)
考向五 被动语态在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，被动语态考查了4次，均考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了5次被动语态，其中4次考查一般过去时的被动语态，1次考查一般现在时的被动语态。
考生在做题时需注意以下两点：
(1) 判断主语和谓语之间的关系是主动还是被动；
(2) 判断被动语态的时态和数的变化：联系上下文，确定被动语态的时态；助动词be要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
例：He and his parents 33 to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel in space. (2023广东中考)
( )33. A. invited B. are invited C. were invited
例：But the last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
(2023广州中考)
( )3. A. called B. was calling C. was called D. were called
例：“And I!” they all said, until a whole shower went down and the corn __14__—all because one little raindrop tried its best to do what it could.(2021广州中考)
( )14. A. save B. saved C. is saved D. was saved
考向六 被动语态在短文填空中的运用
分析广东省卷近6年中考真题可知，在短文填空中，被动语态考查了1次，考查的是一般过去时的被动语态。在做题时，需先分析句子所缺成分，再根据主语和谓语之间的关系判断语态。
例：Once, Will and his brother Harry 73 given a job to rebuild a broken brick(砖) wall in the yard. The wall was fifty feet wide and around sixteen feet high. (2018广东中考)
考向七 被动语态在完成句子中的运用
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在完成句子中，共考查了6次被动语态(每年考1道)，其中1次考查一般过去时的被动语态，2次考查一般现在时的被动语态，2次考查一般将来时的被动语态，1次考查含有情态动词的被动语态。完成句子的中文提示通常为主动语态，需注意空格前的主语是否与所填的谓语动词构成被动关系，并结合句中的时间关键词等确定被动语态的时态。
例：55. 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。(2023广州中考)
I hope one day my art works ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery.
54. 在科学老师的帮助下，凯特小组的水火箭得以成功发射。
With the help of the science teacher, the bottle rocket ________ ________ successfully by Kate's group. (2022广州中考)
61. 明年广州将会使用更多智能出租车。
More smart taxis ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou next year. (2020广州中考)
考向八 非谓语动词在语法选择中的运用
分析广东省卷近4年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，非谓语动词主要考查动词不定式。针对该考点，考生可通过固定搭配法与句子成分分析法来确定答案。
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在语法选择中，共考查了13次非谓语动词(每年必考13题)，其中5次考查动名词，6次考查动词不定式，2次考查动词原形。针对该考点，学生可通过固定搭配与句子成分分析来确定答案。在6年中考真题中，7次对非谓语动词的考查是根据固定搭配来确定答案的，6次是根据句子成分分析来确定答案的。
1. 固定搭配法。
例：“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don't even need 39 the earth,” he said. (2023广东中考)
( )39. A. leave B. leaving C. to leave
例：Morning after morning, he practiced ____ his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. (2023广州中考)
( )9. A. flap B. to flap C. flapping D. flapped
例：My dad asked me____ it into the kitchen. (2022广州中考)
( )6. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring
2. 句子成分分析法。
例：Many tourists, they believe, will come 38 the fantastic experience of walking across. (2021广东中考)
( )38. A. enjoy B. enjoyed C. enjoying D. to enjoy
例：After months of ____, I finally had enough money to get one. (2022广州中考)
( )1. A. save B. saves C. saved D. saving
考向九 非谓语动词在语法选择中的运用
分析广州近6年中考真题可知，在完成句子中，共考查了7次非谓语动词(每年必考1~2题)，其中3次考查动名词，4次考查动词不定式。
1. 动词不定式。
例：55. 动笔前，先仔细计划要写什么。
Before you start, plan carefully ________ ________ ________. (2021广州中考)
例：60. 从这里走到白云山顶大约要花一小时。
________ ________ about an hour ________ ________ to the top of the Baiyun Mountain from here.(2020年广东广州)
2. 动名词。
例：57.凯特决定去社区工作，而不去度假。
Instead of ________ ________ ________, Kate decided to work in the community. (2020广州中考)
例：59. 明天的大雨可能会阻碍我们外出。
The heavy rain may ________ us from ________ out tomorrow. (2018广州中考)
一．语法选择（情态动词）
Should we have any pocket money at all I said"YES"because it1. teach us something useful.
With pocket money,we can learn how to spend money.We must decide what to buy with less money,and we will try to save up for something big.So that,we 2. ask our parents for it.
However,some parents think we 3. have pocket money,However,if we don't buy anything ourselves,we don't enjoy the cost of things.Last year,I saved and bought a camera myself.I 4. know how expensive they were until that moment.
Finally.I think having pocket money 5. be a very good idea.It teaches us to manage money.
( )1.A .should B .can C .must
( )2.A .can't B .mustn’t C .needn't
( )3.A .shouldn't B .may C .mustn’t
( )4.A .needn't B .couldn't C .cant
( )5.A .couldn't B .must C .need
二．完形填空短篇练
At a sports meeting last year,I took part in the long jump competition and got the second place.After the prize-giving ceremony,I 1. that this medal(奖牌)should be given to Olivia.I felt ashamed and wanted to 2. the medal.But Olivia 3. me,saying it was unnecessary because her goal was to win the first prize.
From then on,we often practiced long jump together.She 4. winning the gold medal this year.Without misunderstandings,Olivia and I have got along better with each other.We have unexpectedly become best friends.
( )1.A .found out B .came out C .took out D .brought out
( )2.A .use up B .fix up C .pick up D .give up
( )3.pared with B .dealt with C .disagreed with D .helped with
( )4.A .dressed up B .stayed up C .set up D .ended up
三．语篇填词（动词专练）
I went shopping with my father yesterday. When we got home, he wanted to know how much money we 1.________(spend). Suddenly, he told me something was wrong. We got 50 yuan more than what we could get.
“That’s so great, Dad! You can 2. b________ me a new cartoon book,” I said. However, my father 3.________(要求) me to give the money back. I thought it was stupid to do that. My father 4. f________ angry and said, “Being honest is very important, so return the money.” I 5.________(look) into his eyes and knew he was right. At last, I returned the money.
1. _______ 2. __________ 3._______ 4.________ 5. ______
四．语法填空（时态专练）
Michael is our foreign teacher. He 1. c________ from America. He is humorous, so we all like his class. He 2.__________(stay) at our school since last year. Next week, there 3.____________________(be) an English party in the school hall. We plan to sing an English song. Now, we 4._____________(practise) singing in the gym.
Yesterday, when we 5._____________(talk) about the coming party, Michael turned up at that moment. We told him about the party and 6.i________ him to attend it. He was so excited and hoped to come. We also looked forward to having great fun that day.
1._________ 2._________3.________ 4.________ 5._________6._________
五．选词填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
make buy send pass draw give die say meet ask start receive
For two years,Chelsea Phaire has been giving away art tools to poor kids,so they can make their artwork.
Chelsea learned the power of 1. art works when she was four.At that time,her grandpa
2. away,and she was really sad.Grandma advised her to 3. a picture for her grandpa.That really helped her get through that hard time.
Chelsea also used art to deal with her feelings when she 4. difficulties.She thought it
made her feel happy.Besides,it also 5. her a creative way to express herself.
For her eighth birthday,Chelsea 6. a wonderful art kit(工具包).When her mom 7.
that not everyone was lucky enough to have art in their lives,Chelsea was surprised.Chelsea always wanted to 8. a charity(慈善机构)
At the age of 10,her parents were 9. to give art tools to her as her birthday gifts.She put
together 40 kits with finger paints,brushes,colored pencils,and then 10. them to children.
Since then,with money in her charity,she has been able to send out more kits!
