2024届高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-nine（词根词缀排序）清单

高考英语核心词汇复习拓展 Part twenty-nine（词根词缀排序）
1. 动词及其名词形式:
1.1 search (v.) & search (n.) 搜索，搜寻
拓展:
search for 搜寻，寻找
search A for B 搜查A为了要找B
search out 搜出，找到
search after 追求
in search of 寻找，搜寻
例句: He searched through all the drawers for the key. (他翻遍所有的抽屉找钥匙。)
辨析: search (搜寻特定目标) vs. look for (寻找) vs. find (找到)
串记: In order to search for the missing girl, the police are searching the forest. (为了寻找失踪的女孩，警察正在森林里搜索。)
1.2 select (v.) & selection (n.) 选择，挑选
拓展:
select as 选为
select for 为…而挑选
select from 从…中挑选
select out of 选拔
selective (adj.) 选择性的
例句: He selected a shirt to match his suit. (他挑了一件衬衣来配他那套衣服。)
辨析: select (精心挑选) vs. choose (选择) vs. pick (挑选)
串记: There are a wide selection of gifts, you can select what is your favorite. (有很多礼物可供选择，你可以选择你最喜欢的。)
1.3 serve (v.) & service (n.) & servant (n.) & server (n.) 服务，服务员， 服务器
拓展:
serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务
serve as 充当；担任
serve sb.(with) sth.＝serve sth.to sb. 拿/用某物招待/款待某人
at your service 愿为您效劳；听候您的吩咐
in service 在职，运转中
be in the service 服现役
be of service to 对……有用
give good service 服务周到
例句: The students served some apples to the invited experts. (学生们用一些苹果来招待邀请来的专家。)
辨析: serve (服务，提供) vs. work (工作)
串记: In her family, the poor woman serves as a servant, and serves every family heart and soul, but she still can’t serve the need of everyone. (在这个家庭里，这个可怜的女人就像一个仆人，全心全意地为每个家人服务，但仍然不能满足每个人的需要。)
1.4 settle (v.) & settlement (n.) & settler (n.) 解决，安家，殖民， 殖民者
拓展:
settle down (使)平静；(使)稳定；定居
settle down to sth. 开始专心做……
settle in/into ... (使)适应(新环境/生活/工作等)；安定下来；迁入(新居)
settle on/upon 决定；同意
例句: Since you have settled down in a new country, you have to make an adjustment to the new environment. (既然你已在一个新的国家定居，你必须调整以适应新的环境。)
辨析: settle (解决，安顿) vs. solve (解决问题)
串记: To settle the matter where to settle down, the family should settle to discuss. (要解决住的问题，全家应该坐下来讨论。)
1.5 shake (v.) & shake (n.) 摇动， 震动
拓展:
shake down 抖落；适应新环境(情况)
shake off 摆脱；摇落
shaken one’s faith in 动摇某人对…的信心/念
shake one’s haead 摇头(表示否定)
shake with 由于…而发抖
例句: The whole house shakes when a train goes past. (火车驶过时，整座房子都颤动起来。)
辨析: shake (摇动，震动) vs. tremble (颤抖)
串记: The incident had shaken her faith in him. (这件事动摇了她对他的信心。)
1.6 shape (v.) & shape (n.) 塑造，形状
拓展:
shape ... into ... 把……加工/塑造成……
be in good/bad shape 情况良好/不佳；健康良好/不佳
out of shape 变/走样；不成样子；身体不舒服，生病
in the shape of 某种形状的，呈……的形状
take shape 形成；成形
get into shape 强身健体
例句: Tim is in good shape physically even though he doesn’t get much exercise. (尽管蒂姆没有得到多少锻炼，但他身体状况良好。)
辨析: shape (形状，塑造) vs. form (形状，形成)
串记: Once you set a goal, you must set it down and set about working at it. (一旦你设定了一个目标，你就必须把它写下来并开始为之努力。)
1.7 share (v.) & share (n.) 分享，份额
拓展:
share in 分担，共同拥有〔使用〕…
share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物
share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦
hold shares 持有股份
例句: Eli shared his chocolate with the other kids. (伊莱把他的巧克力和其他孩子一起分着吃了。)
辨析: share (分享) vs. divide (分配，分开)
串记: He has many shares, but he is unwilling to share with his shameless sister. (他有许多股份，但他不愿意和他无耻的妹妹分享。)
1.8 shelter (v.) & shelter (n.) 庇护， 掩蔽处
拓展:
under the shelter of 在…的庇护下
find(take)shelter from 避难
shelter against〔from〕 掩护〔保护,庇护…〕使不受…
shelter behind 躲在…后面
shelter oneself in 躲在…里面
例句: The fox was running for the shelter of the trees. (狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。)
辨析: shelter (庇护，躲避) vs. protect (保护)
串记: A shelter can shelter the homeless from the wind and rain. (庇护所可以为无家可归的人遮风挡雨。)
1.9 shock (v.) & shock (n.) 震惊， 冲击
拓展:
culture shock 文化冲击
with a great shock 大为震惊
shocked (adj.) 震惊的；震撼的
be shocked at(by) 听到……消息使人感到震惊
例句: It gave me a shock to be told I was seriously ill. (听说我的病很严重，我吃了一惊。)
辨析: shock (震惊，冲击) vs. surprise (惊奇)
串记: We were all shocked at the shocking news that he had resigned. (听到他辞职的消息，我们都很震惊。)
1.10 shoot (v.) & shoot (n.) 射击， 嫩芽
拓展:
shoot at 瞄准，向…射击
shoot with 用…射击
shoot down 击落
shoot forth 长出
shoot off 发射,打掉,击断
shoot out 射击,打出,击灭,(突然)伸出,长出
shoot up 升起,喷出,(植物)发芽,长高,猛增,(物价)暴涨
shooting (n.) 射击(术)；射击运动
例句: The hunter aimed at the animal but did not shoot. (猎人向那个动物瞄准但未开枪。)
辨析: shoot (射击) vs. fire (开火)
串记: The scene where he shot a bird was shot. (他射鸟的那一幕被拍下来了。)
2. 形容词及其副词形式:
2.1 secret (adj.) & secretly (adv.) & secretive (adj.) & secretary (n.) 秘密的， 秘书
拓展:
in secret 秘密地；私下地(反in public)
in the secret 知道内情
let in on a secret 让某人知道秘密
keep sth. secret from sb. 把某事对某人保密
例句: The secretary told me the secret in secret. (秘书秘密地把秘密告诉了我。)
辨析: secret (秘密的) vs. confidential (机密的) vs. private (私人的)
串记: The secretary told me the secret in secret. (秘书秘密地把秘密告诉了我。)
2.2 serious (adj.) & seriously (adv.) 严肃的， 认真地
拓展:
be serious about 对…认真，认真对待
take it seriously 认真对待
例句: Do not treat this serious matter as a joke. (不要把这件严肃的事情当作笑料。)
辨析: serious (严肃的，严重的) vs. important (重要的)
串记: The result could be serious. As a result, you must take it seriously. (后果可能很严重, 你必须认真对待。)
2.3 sensible (adj.) & sense (n.) & senseless (adj.) & sensitive (adj.) 明智的，感觉， 无意义的， 敏感的
拓展:
come to one's senses 恢复理性，醒悟过来，(昏迷后)苏醒过来
in a sense 某一方面；从某种意义上(讲)
make sense 讲得通，有意义
make sense of 了解……的意思，弄懂……的意思
a sense of …的感觉
There is no sense in (doing) sth.[口语]做某事是没有道理/无意义的
be sensible of 知道
be sensible to light 能感光
be sensitive to 对…敏感
例句: In a sense,I can't agree with what you said. (从某种意义上说，我不同意你的话。)
辨析: sensible (明智的) vs. sensitive (敏感的) vs. reasonable (合理的)
串记: In a sense, as a sensible woman, she in no sense loses her sense of judgement, and she always manages to make sense of everything. As a result, there is no sense in worrying about her. (从某种意义上说，作为一个有理智的女人，她决不会丧失判断力，她总是设法把一切都讲得合情合理。因此，为她担心是没有意义的。)
2.4 separate (adj.) & separately (adv.) & separation (n.) 分开的， 分离
拓展:
separate A from B 把A和B分开
divide...into... 把……分成……
例句: It is impossible to separate belief from emotion. (信仰和感情是分不开的。)
辨析: separate (分开的) vs. different (不同的)
串记: He separated from his wife after 20 years of marriage and lived in two separate buildings. (他和妻子在结婚20年后分居了并住在两栋独立的楼房内。)
2.5 sharp (adj.) & sharpen (v.) & sharply (adv.) 锋利的， 削尖， 急剧地
拓展:
be sharp at 擅长…,善于…
be sharp with 对…严厉的
sharpener 卷笔刀;磨具
例句: She was very sharp with me when I forgot my book. (我忘记带书了，她把我训斥了一顿。)
辨析: sharp (锋利的，敏锐的) vs. pointed (尖的)
串记: The girl of sharp intelligence with a sharp eyes sensed the sharp increase of house price. (这个聪明伶俐、目光敏锐的女孩觉察到房价的急剧增加。)
2.6 shameful (adj.) & shameless (adj.) & shame (n.) & ashamed (adj.) 可耻的， 无耻的， 羞愧
拓展:
shame sb．for sth．使某人为某事而羞愧
shame into 使某人感到惭愧而做某事
shame out of 使某人感到惭愧而不做某事
to one’s shame 令某人惭愧的是
What a shame! 多可惜！真遗憾! 真丢脸！
例句: What a shame they couldn't come！ (他们不能来了，真是遗憾。)
辨析: shameful (可耻的) vs. embarrassed (尴尬的)
串记: To our shame, he did a shameful thing, but he didn’t feel shamed, which made others think he was shameless. (让我们感到羞耻的是，他做了一件可耻的事，但他并不感到羞耻，这使得其他人认为他是无耻的。)
2.7 shocking (adj.) & shocked (adj.) 令人震惊的， 震惊的
例句: We were all shocked at the shocking news that he had resigned. (听到他辞职的消息，我们都很震惊。)
辨析: shocking (令人震惊的) vs. surprising (令人惊讶的)
3. 其他:
3.1 seek (v.) 寻找， 追求
拓展:
seek to do sth.(正式)试图做某事
seek one's fortune 寻找致富(或成功)的机会
seek after/for 追求，寻求
seek out 挑选出；找出
例句: Many young people leave their hometown to seek their fortune in big cities. (很多年轻人离开家乡到大城市寻找成功的机会。)
辨析: seek (寻找，追求) vs. search for (搜寻)
串记: In order to seek out a way to seek their fortune, many people seek for gold in the west. (为了寻求致富之道，许多人到西方去淘金。)
3.2 seem (v.) 似乎
拓展:
It seems that 似乎，好像
It seems to me that 在我看来，我以为
seem (to be/like) +n. /adj.好像是，看起来像
seem to do sth. 似乎要做某事
it seems as if/though 从句 看来好像
例句: The children seemed to be eating something in the room. (孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。)
辨析: seem (似乎) vs. appear (显得)
串记: The engine just won’t start. Something seems to have gone (go) wrong with it. (引擎发动不了。看起来好像出了什么毛病。)
3.3 seize (v.) 抓住， 夺取
拓展:
seize sb.by the+部位 抓住某人的……部位
seize from 从…夺走
be seized of(依法)占有着，知道(消息等)
be seized with an illness 害病
seize on(upon) 利用，采用(建议)，抓住(机会)，了解(意思)
例句: He seized the pickpocket by the collar. (他抓住那个扒手的衣领。)
辨析: seize (抓住，夺取) vs. grasp (抓住) vs. catch (抓住)
串记: The army seized the opportunity and seized the airport in a surprise attack. (军队抓住机会，突袭并占领了机场。)
3.4 send (v.) 发送， 寄
拓展:
send away 发送；派遣；解雇；驱逐
send for sb (sth) 派人去请某人(找某物)
send in 呈报，提交，送来
send off 邮寄，发送；派遣；给……送行
send out 发送；派遣；放出
send up 射出；使上升；长出
例句: Have you sent a postcard to your mother yet (你给你母亲寄明信片了没有？)
辨析: send (发送，寄) vs. deliver (递送)
串记: The scientists sent up a satellite by mistake. As a consequence, they were sent away. (科学家们误发了一颗卫星。结果，他们被送走了。)
3.5 set (v.) & set (n.) & setting (n.) 设置， 安排， 一套
拓展:
set aside 存储；留出，省出
set back 阻碍；耽搁；延缓
练习：
一、语法填空。
The rescue team is still _______ (search) for the missing climbers in the mountains.
After careful _______ (select), she was chosen as the lead actress for the school play.
The hotel staff is dedicated to _______ (serve) guests with the utmost care and attention.
The refugees finally managed to _______ (settle) in a new country and start a new life.
The earthquake _______ (shake) the entire city, causing widespread damage.
The artist used clay to _______ (shape) a beautiful sculpture.
We should learn to _______ (share) our resources and help those in need.
The old tree provided _______ (shelter) from the scorching sun.
The news of the accident was _______ (shock) and left everyone speechless.
The photographer _______ (shoot) stunning images of the wildlife in the African savanna.
二、单句改错。
The secret agent secretly entered the enemy base to seek for intelligence.
She seemed knowing the answer, but she hesitated to speak up.
The police seized on the criminal and took him into custody.
I need to settle down to finish this report before the deadline.
The leaves of the trees shaked violently in the strong wind.
The company is in good shape and expects further growth this year.
He shared his toys with his friends, but refused to share them with his sister.
The hikers found shelter from the storm in a small cave.
The movie was shockingly violent and not suitable for young children.
The arrow shot the target and hit the bullseye.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
老师耐心地给学生们讲解了这首诗的意思。(make sense of)
我们应该抓住机遇，努力学习。(seize the opportunity)
他把房间整理好后就出门了。(set out)
这个想法听起来不错，我们可以试试。(make sense)
他搜索了整个房子，但还是没能找到钥匙。(search ... for)
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
政府采取措施帮助无家可归的人。(take measures to do sth.)
经过多年的分离，他们终于团聚了。(after years of separation)
他把所有的积蓄都投资了股票。(invest all one's savings in)
我们应该选择适合自己的学习方法。(select ... for oneself)
他似乎对这个提议很感兴趣。(seem interested in)
参考答案：
一、语法填空。
searching (现在进行时态)
selection (名词形式)
serving (动名词作目的状语)
settle (不定式作目的状语)
shook (过去式)
shape (不定式作目的状语)
share (不定式作目的状语)
shelter (名词形式)
shocking (形容词作表语)
shot (过去式)
二、单句改错。
seek for → seek (seek 后面直接跟宾语)
knowing → to know (seem 后面跟不定式)
seized on → seized (seize 后面直接跟宾语)
settle down to finish → settle down to finish (settle down to 后面跟动词原形)
shaked → shook (shake 的过去式)
shape → shape (in good/bad shape 是固定搭配)
share them with → share them with (share sth. with sb. 是固定搭配)
shelter from → shelter from (shelter from 是固定搭配)
shockingly → shocking (修饰名词用形容词)
shot the target → shot at the target (shoot at 表示“射击”)
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
The teacher patiently explained the poem to the students to help them make sense of it.
We should seize the opportunity and study hard.
He set out after tidying up the room.
The idea makes sense. We can give it a try.
He searched the whole house for the key, but still couldn't find it.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
The government is taking measures to help the homeless.
After years of separation, they were finally reunited.
He invested all his savings in the stock market.
We should select learning methods for ourselves.
He seems interested in the proposal.