2024年人教版中考英语专项练习题---阅读理解10篇（含答案）

阅读理解
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（一）
①Research has shown that dogs can help reduce bad feelings like stress and loneliness. Recently, scientists did an experiment(实验) which showed that dogs can also tell the difference between the smell of a person when they're relaxed and when they're stressed.
②Researchers worked with four dogs. They taught the dogs to use a special smell-testing device(装置) with three openings. The scientists trained the dogs to find the correct opening. Over time, the dogs were given harder and harder smelling jobs. The final goal was to see if they could smell stress in the breath and sweat(汗水) of a person.
③All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals. These chemicals come out in our breath and sweat, changing the way we smell. But it wasn't known if stress could cause changes that couldn't be discovered.
④So the researchers collected breath and sweat samples(样本) from 36 different people. They got samples when the people were calm(镇定的), and also when they were stressed. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples. The scientists used one of the stressed smell.
⑤Then came the challenge---the dogs have three choices: a sample from a calm person, a stressed sample from the same person, and a clean piece of cloth(布). The dogs did 720 tests. They correctly chose the stressed sample about 94% of the time.
⑥The results make it clear that dogs can tell the smell of stress. Scientists say the news could be especially useful in training service dogs, because their job is to help relieve the stress.
⑦According to Clara Wilson, one of the researchers, the study shows that dogs don't need to look at or listen to a person to detect stress---breath and sweat smells are enough. She added that the study could also help us understand more about the relationship between dogs and humans, and how much dogs know about how humans are feeling.
（1）The scientists use samples of breath and sweat to test the dogs because 　 　.
A. they make our bodies smell different
B. our bodies become stronger every day
C. our bodies produce different sweat every day
D. stress could be changed by the sweat and breath
（2）Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the 　 　 of the experiment.
A. importance B. influence C. process D. result
（3）The underlined word "detect" might mean "　 　".
A. Change B. reduce C. affect D. discover
（4）The purpose of the experiment is to 　 　.
A. know when people are stressed
B. learn if dogs can smell stress
C. teach dogs to find the correct opening
D. check the breath and sweat of people
（二）
When I was a little kid, a father was like the light in the fridge. Every house had one, but no one really knew what both of them did when the door was shut. It seemed that there were not many chances for me to understand him.
My dad left the house every morning and always seemed glad to see everyone at night. He pushed the door open when no one else could. He was the only one in the house who wasn't afraid to go in the basement(地下室) by himself. Every time it rained, he got the car and brought it around to the door. When anyone was sick, he went out to get the medicine.
He kept busy enough. He swept snow on the road in front of the house. He cut back the roses so the thorns(刺) wouldn't hurt you when you came to the front door. He repaired my skates, and they went all right. When I got my bike, he ran alongside me for at least a thousand miles until I got the hang of it. He put me to bed early. He took a lot of pictures, but was never in them.
I was afraid of everyone else's father, but not my own. Once I made him tea. It was only sugar water, but he sat on a small chair and said it was delicious. He looked very uncomfortable.
Every time I played house, the mother doll had a lot to do. I never knew what to do with the daddy doll, so I had him say "I'm going off to work now" and threw him under the bed.
When I was nine years old, my father didn't get up one morning to go to work. He went to the hospital and died the next day. There were a lot of people in the house who brought all kinds of good food and cakes. We never had so much time being together before.
I went to my room and felt under the bed for the father doll. When I found him, I cleaned him and put him on my bed. He never did anything. I didn't know his leaving would hurt so much. I still don't know why.
（1）The underline simile(比喻) first paragraph tells us that 　 　.
A. the fridge in her house was very big and her father was big too
B. the writer didn't know much about her father when she was young
C. the writer loved her father because he put delicious food in the fridge
D. the writer considered her father as the light which made the house bright
（2）The underlined expression "got the hang of it" in Paragraph3 probably means "_____".
A. could carry the bike B. could repair the bike
C. could run as fast as a bike D. could ride the bike well
（3）The writer mentioned Daddy Doll in the last paragraph to show that she 　 　.
A. always did cleaning at home B. loved playing dolls
C. missed her father after his death D. always acted strangely
（4）What can we infer from the passage 　 　
A. The writer's father loved his family very much.
B. There were always many people in their house.
C. The writer thought her father was cool with everyone.
D. The writer was afraid of her father when she was young.
（三）
What is the most stressful thing in school It is probably exams. Exams can put us under a lot of pressure. But some students do better under pressure, while others do not. So, why do some students perform better under stress
It all comes down to dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical(化学物质) in our body that sends signals(信号) to the brain. It has many important roles---it affects(影响) our memory, attention and how we learn. Our brains work best when there is a balance(平衡) of dopamine-not too much or too little.
Our brains control dopamine in two ways. It either takes out dopamine quickly or gradually. Exam success can be connected to how fast dopamine goes back to a balance, according to new research from the University of Missouri.
What happens when we take an exam If you become stressed, your brain will start to overload on dopamine, it is like a cup in which the water is so full that it goes over the side. The quicker you are able to go back to a balance of dopamine, the quicker you can pay attention, helping you perform better on a test.
Scientists found that during a test, people who slowly got back to a balance of dopamine scored8% lower. That's the difference between a good grade and a bad grade.
But don't fear there is good news for every student. The study also found that the more practice you get, the less stressed you'll be.
( )32. Dopamine is a chemical in our body that __.
A. sends signals to the brain B. we need in order to think
C. keeps our brains working D. puts us under a lot of pressure
( )33. Which areas does dopamine play a role in
a. remembering things b. getting enough rest
c.paying attention to teachers d. affecting the way we learn
A. bcd. B. abc. C.acd. D. abd.
( )34. What does the underlined word “overload” mean
Stopping something from happening
Having too many/much of something
Raising the pressure of something.
D. Causing problems for someone
( )35. Why do some students do better under stress
They produce less dopamine than others.
They balance their dopamine more slowly.
C. They send a lot of dopamine to their brains.
D. They achieve a better balance or dopamine quickly.
（四）
There are no big screens and superstars. An outdoor basketball event---Cun BA in rural China has drawn people from all over the country to cheer for the players.
Q: ▲
A: Cun means village. Cun BA is an outdoor basketball competition. Its atmosphere (氛围) is almost like that of America's National Basketball Association(NBA) games.
Q: Where is the event held
A: The event is held in Taipan village in Taijiang county in southern China's Guizhou Province. In fact, the event has been held for many years at the village. It is part of a traditional Miao ethnic harvest festival (苗族丰收节) during the lunar calendar month of June.
Q: Who organizes the competitions
A: The competitions are organized by local villagers. There are 16 men's basketball teams from across Guizhou Province taking part in the competition. All the players play basketball as a1obby, and most of them are farmers.
Q: What are the prizes for the event
A: The prize for the winning team is a 650-kilogram cow, with two sheep as the second prize and two pigs as the third prize.
Age, job or basketball skill is not a standard for players in Cun BA, but the love for basketball is.
（1） Which of the following blanks can be filled with the underlined word "rural"
A. The crowded space, dirty air and heavy traffic are disadvantages of __ life.
B. Thousands of farmers left their hometown to move to _____areas to search for work.
C. Many people like to experience ____ life like farming or picking on weekends.
（2） Which question can be put in ▲
A. What's that about
B. Why has it drawn so many people
C. What's its influence
（3） What can we infer from the passage
A. Cun BA will soon become as popular as NBA.
B. Cun BA was first setup to celebrate the harvest of Miao people.
C. All the players playing in Cun BA have mastered excellent basketball skills.
（4） Which of the following rules about Cun BA is TRUE
A. Only professional players can take part in it.
B. All the basketball teams in it come from Guizhou Province.
C Each member of the second prize winning team can get two sheep.
What can we learn from the last sentence of the passage
It's difficult to meet the standard of being a Cun BA player.
As long as you love basketball, you can take part in Cun BA.
C. Cun BA chooses its winning team according to the depth of their love for basketball.
（五）
Imagine having a simple app (应用程序) that works like this: When you need help, just open the app, touch the “notOK” button and a text message will be sent to five pre-selected (预先选定的) people, along with a location (位置) to show where you are. The message reads, “Hey, I’m not OK. Please call me, text me, or come to find me.”
US teenagers Hannah Lucas, 15, and her brother Charlie, 13, have created an app notOK. People just need to pay $1.99 (12.5 yuan) each month to use it.
Hannah was inspired (启发) to create the app during a dark time in her life last year. She suffered from a disease that caused her to pass out at school. Other kids sometimes bullied (欺凌) her about this. She felt sad and wanted to find an app that allow her to get help when she wasn't feeling OK.
She asked her brother Charlic, whose nickname is "Tech Support", to find such an app. When they couldn't find one, they decided to create one themselves.
They came up with some designs for the app first. Charlie took a programming class last summer and built a website for the app. Hannah also shared her idea in her summer business class. Some app developers showed interest and decided to help her. At last, the app came out in the US and Canada on January 31.
Hannah is happy that her app is helping others. "It makes everything 1 went through last year worth it" she said.
（1）Who will know you're in trouble when you touch the "notOK" button
A. Five pre-selected people. B. Five family members.
C. Five app developers. D. Five close friends.
（2）What do the underlined words "text me” in Paragraph one probably mean
A. Send me a report. B. Send me a location.
C. Send me a message. D.Send me an exam.
（3） The main purpose of inventing the app is to allow people____.
A. to build a website. B.to take classes.
C. to earn money. D.to ask for help.
（4）The right order of the following statements about the invention of the app is___.
a. Hannsh suffered from a disease last year.
b. Charlie took a programming class last summer.
c. The app came out in the US and Canade in January.
d. Hannah and Charlie failed to find such a useful app.
A.c,d,a,b B.c,d,b,s C.a,d,b,c D.a,d,c,b
（5）The best words to describe the app are_______.
A. simple and helpful B. pleasant and dangerous.
C. expensive and creative. D. interesting and pre-selected.
（六）
It's hard to tum down hamburgers, french fries, potato chips and all of the other junk food that seem to call ou to us. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, particularly if you're a teenager.
"Junk food shapes teenager's brains in ways that damage their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control bad behaviors," said Amy Reichelt, a brain and nutrition specialist at Western University, Canada. “It may even up a teen's possibility of depression and anxiety.”
Reichelt and two other researchers reviewed more than 100 studies, including their own, about how poor food choices can impact teen's brains.They found teens are more sensitive (敏感的) than any other age group to processed foods with a lot of fat and sugar as their brains are not yet fully formed.
Teenagers’ brains are still developing the ability to assess bad possibilities and control actions.The prefrontal cortex(前额皮质) is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn't eat chips all the time and helps us resist (抵制) that urge. However, this region is the last to mature(成熟)---it doesn't fully develop until we are in our early 20s.
So, what's the best way to say no to junk food Researchers suggest exercise. When we exercise, the brain's reward system becomes less sensitive to food reminder. Exercise also causes the body to make a protein that helps brain cells grow and strengthens connections between the prefrontal cortex and other brain regions. The prefrontal cortex thus can work better to help us make wise decisions and control our impulses.
（1） According to the text, junk food does the greatest harm to______.
A.Preschoolers B.Teenagers C.The middle-aged D.The elderly
（2） What does the underlined word "It" in paragraph 2 refer to
A.Junk food B.The brain C.The research D.The ability
（3）What can be inferred from the text
A. Processed foods shouldn't be allowed to produce.
B.Teenagers don't understand the harm of junk food.
C.The prefrontal cortex can help us make wise decisions.
D.The prefrontal cortex develops fully in our late 20s.
（4）What's the main idea of the last paragraph
A. Where do our impulses come from
B. Why should we fight against junk food
C. What is the best way to strengthen our body
D. How does exercise work against junk food
（七）
Have you ever taken a flight from Beijing Daxing International Airport (BDIA) After opening on Sept 25, BDIA drew attention not just for convenient and environmentally friendly design, but also for its many high-tech facilities and services.
The new airport, seated in the southernmost part of Beijing, is made up of a main terminal (航站楼), a supporting service building and a parking lot. Together, they cover an area of about 1.4 million square meters, which is equal to 63 Tian’anmen Squares, according to Beijing Review.
Designed by legendary Iraqi-British architect (建筑师) Zaha Hadid, The Daxing airport’s technology focuses on passengers’ safety and convenience. The airport was designed in an expansive (扩展性的) way that makes it look like a starfish. This kind of design also helps to shorten the walking distance for passengers.
“It is only 600 meters, or less than an eight-minute walk, from the center of the terminal to the farthest boarding gate in each wing,” said Guo Yanchi, the chief engineer.
The airport has also been designed to be environmentally friendly. It uses natural light during the day. Thanks in part to 8,000 rooftop windows, the sun’s rays (光线) can shine directly into the building.
There are less than 10,000 lights in the terminal. The intensity (强度) of the lights can be changed according to the temperature inside and how many people are in the building. The lights use 70 percent less power than the lights of the Beijing Capital International Airport, which uses more than 20,000 lights. This can save about 8,850 tons of coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions (排放) by 22,000 tons annually, China Daily reported.
The airport has many new technologies that make it smarter and more efficient (有效率的). It is the world’s first airport with a double-deck departure and arrival (双进双出) design for its terminal building. “It’s more efficient for passengers than any other large airport terminal of the same size in the world,” Guo Yanchi, the chief engineer in charge of construction , told China Daily.
According to the Civil Aviation Administration of China, 86 percent of check-ins can be done through self- service check-in kiosks (自助值机一体机) and 76 percent of luggage can be checked automatically (自动地) with the help of self-service bag-drop machines. Other technologies, such as a facial recognition (人脸识别) system, allow passengers to have a quicker check-in and boarding process.
The airport will also use a robot-operated parking system. Drivers just need to park their cars in given areas. Robots will then carry them to an empty space. When collecting their cars, drivers simply need to scan (扫描) a parking ticket to find out where to collect their cars.
（1）Which two ways from the first paragraph does the writer want to tell us that BDIA is amazing ______
A. its environment and area
B. its design and function
C. its design and high-tech facilities and services
D. its appearance and size
（2）Why do we say BDIA’s design is friendly to our environment _____
A. because it was designed by legendary Iraqi-British architect Zaha Hadid
B. because it cost not too much.
C. because it can save energy and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
D. because the design also helps to shorten the walking distance for passengers.
（3）What do we know from the last two paragraph _____
A. Robots will help passengers board.
B. Passengers will spend less time boarding at BDIA.
C. Passengers won’t need to check in in person.
D. Machines will replace human workers at the airport.
（4）The smart parking lot shows us _____.
A. that it’s not convenient to park cars at BDIA
B. how new technologies make BDIA more efficient
C. that BDIA is the largest airport in the world
D. that building the airport was difficult
（八）
Wax printing（蜡染） is an ancient way of producing dyed textiles（染色纺织品）.It is an important part of traditional Chinese culture.
It is believed that wax printing appeared in China as early as the Qin and Han Dynasties and got popular in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.There is an interesting story about wax printing.Once upon a time，a girl was fond of dyeing white cloth blue and purple.One day，while she was working，a bee landed on her cloth.She got the bee away and found there was bees wax on the cloth.After she dyed the cloth，she saw a round white mark on the cloth.It looked very pretty.Her discovery later led to the use of wax in dyeing.
Wax printing has many steps.First，draw some pictures of flowers，birds，fish，insects，etc.on a piece of white cloth.Then use a special knife---like tool to spread melted（熔化的） wax on the pictures.After that，put the cloth into a dye bath so that the unwaxed parts take on the color.Finally，wash the dyed cloth in boiling water and wait for the wax to melt，leaving clear pictures in white on the dyed cloth.
Today，wax printing is mainly used in some ethnic minority（少数民族） areas in Guizhou Yunnan，Sichuan and Guangxi.Some girls in those areas are highly skilled at wax printing.
（1）What can we learn about Wax printing？________ 　 　
A.It has a very short history.
B.It appeared in Tang Dynasty.
C.It's part of traditional Chinese culture.
（2）The story in Paragraph 2 mainly talks about ________.　 　.
A.how the wax printing was invented
B.where the wax printing was discovered
C.why the wax printing was getting popular
（3）According to Paragraph 3, wax printing has ________ steps.
A.three B.four C.five
（4）We may read this text from the section of ________ in a newspaper.
A.Culture Window B.Famous People C.Eating Customs
（九）
“I have exciting news,” Miss Mitchell told her students one day. “We are all going to be in a movie!” She explained that a cameraman was coming to their school the next day to film them.
The next day, Olivia wore her most beautiful dress and put on some make-up (化妆品). “Why Olivia,” Miss Mitchell said. “You have taken a lot of care with your appearance!” “I want to look my best,” Olivia said. But Penny wore her normal school clothes.
When the cameraman arrived, he was very friendly. “Just ignore me,” he said. “Do what you usually do, and pretend (假装) I am not here.”
Penny did as she was asked. But Olivia walked across the room several times. Each time she smiled at the camera.
By lunchtime, Penny was so hungry that she ate a lot. But Olivia almost ate nothing. “I wouldn’t want to be caught on camera eating like a cow!” she said. At break, Penny didn’t care about the camera at all. She played games with other kids, while Olivia kept posing (摆好姿势) for the camera.
“Thank you,” the cameraman said right before the final bell rang. “You have all given me a lot to use for my film.”
“When will we see the film ” Olivia asked.
“This film will not be in movie theaters,” the cameraman said. “This film will only be shown to college students who want to enter the teaching field. It is to show them what they can expect when they are teachers.”
Olivia’s face fell. “I misunderstood my role. I’m afraid I didn’t show the student teachers what to expect at all!”
“I think you showed them exactly what they can expect!” Miss Mitchell said, smiling.
（1）How might Olivia feel when she heard Miss Mitchell’s news _____
A. Angry. B. Excited. C. Upset. D. Surprised.
（2）What does the underlined word “ignore” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese ____
A. 支配 B. 怀疑 C. 忽视 D. 说服
（3）On the day the cameraman came to school, _______.
A. Penny ate a lot for lunch
B. Penny wore a beautiful dress
C. Olivia wore her normal school clothes
D. Olivia played games with her classmates at break
（4）Who will see the film ______
A. Parents. B. Future teachers.
C. Kids in other schools. D. Teachers in other schools.
（5） What’s the best title for the passage _____
A. The film B. Two friends
C. A good teacher D. The cameraman
（十）
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was a great success. China has kept the promise to hold a green Olympics. Many green actions made it possible, like providing environmentally friendly smart beds, using new energy cars and reusing rain and snow water. Take making ice as an example. China didn't use R507, a common material, in make ice because it isn't friendly enough to the environment. Through 18 months’ hard work, China independently developed the CO2 direct cooling technology.
A net of tubes runs under the ice. High-liquid(液态) CO2 goes through them to create heat exchange. The CO2 evaporates(蒸发) under the ice surface. The evaporation takes in heat and urns water on the surface into ice. And the CO2, goes into another circle. This technology helps to make ice better and faster. Among all the 15 ice sporting places in the Winter Olympics, 7 used the C02 direct cooling technology to make ice. As a result, much less pollution was caused.
Beijing did so much more to save energy. Beijing built the new sporting places with greens materials. And a large number of new energy cars were used at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics is the first to truly achieve carbon neutrality (碳中和), and it has set new standards in green technologies.
（1）How long did it take China to develop the C02, direct cooling technology
A.18 months. B.100 weeks. C.15 days. D.7 years.
（2）The writer writes Paragraph 3 to show _______.
A. why the CO2 goes into another circle
B. how the new ice-making technology helped
C. how sporting places used the new technology
D. why the liquid CO, runs through the net of rubes
（3）According to the passage, we can infer that____.
A. all the buildings will be built with glass walls in the near future.
B. the CO2 direct cooling technology may be widely used in the world.
C.The high-pressure liquid C02 will totally take the place of R507 soon.
D. no new standards in green technologies may be set after the Olympics.
（4）What's the best title for the passage _______
A. A New Green ice-making Technology.
B.Green Technologies Used in Sports.
C. A Shared Future of Green Development.
D.The Green Beijing Winter Olympics.
（5）What kind of writing is the passage
A. A science novel. B. A news report. C.A fairy tale. D.An interview.
参考答案
（一）ACDB
（二）BDCA
（三）ACBD
（四）CABBB
（五）ACDCA
（六）BACD
（七）CCBB
（八）CABA
（九）BCABA
（十）DABBC