班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
It’s +adj+of或for+sb+to do的用法
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
动词不定式作主语时,如果不定式短语较长,为了句子的平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句子的末尾。如:
I went to Homes for the Elderly. It's fantastic to work as a volunteer.
常用句型如下:
It is + adj. + to-infinitive
It is + adj. + for … + to-infinitive
It is + adj. + of … + to-infinitive
★★★一、动词不定式的用法
★句型一:It is + adjective + to do something.
We use “It is+adj.+to-infinitive” to express what we think about something.含义:“做某事是……的”。 如:
It’s important to plant more trees.
It’s necessary to keep parks clean.
注意:该句型中的形容词表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。常用的形容词有:cheap, convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, exciting, expensive, important, interesting, necessary, normal, possible, useful, wonderful等等。
★句型二:It is + adjective + for sb. + to do sth.
We use “It is+adj.+for…+to-infinitive” to specify who we are talking about.含义:“对某人来说做某事是……的”
It’s important for people to learn good manners.
It’s dangerous for children to play on the street.
注意:该句型中的形容词也是表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况,和句型一相同。
★句型三:It is + adjective + of sb. + to do sth.
We use “It is+adj.+of…+to-infinitive” to express what we think of someone’s actions.含义:“某人做某事真是/太……了”。如:
It is very nice of you to offer me a seat.
It is careless of him to lose so many things.
注意:该句型中的形容词描述的是人的特征、品质。常用的形容词有:brave, careless, clever, foolish, generous, good, helpful, honest, kind, nice, polite, silly, stupid, wrong等等。
一、单项选择(本大题共30小题,每小题2分,共60分)
1.Although we can only study at home, it is important ________ us to make full use of our time.
A.for B.of C.with D.by
2.It’s important ________ our students ________ breakfast.
A.for; having B.of; to have C.for; to have D.of; having
3.—Your room is in a mess. It’s time ________.
—OK, Mum.
A.tidying it up B.to tidy up it C.tidying up it D.to tidy it up
4.It is ________ for you to watch the documentary (纪录片) Once Upon a Bile if you want to learn more about Chinese food.
A.creative B.necessary C.meaningless
5.It is difficult ________ us _________ the game in such bad weather.
A.of; to win B.for; winning C.for; to win
6.It’s ________ to have a true friend. You can help and warm each other.
A.outgoing B.necessary C.famous
7.It’s good ________ you ________ some milk every morning.
A.of; to drink B.of; drinking C.for; to drink D.for; drinking
8.It is relaxing for me to visit the zoo.
A.直接宾语 B.形式主语 C.真正主语 D.主语
9.________ is necessary for us ________ some exercise every day. It’s also a good way to relax.
A.This; take B.This; to take C.It; taking D.It; to take
10.It is important ________ some useful information from the TV shows.
A.to learn B.learns C.to learning D.learned
11.It’s important ________ us ________ every day.
A.for; to exercise B.to; exercise C.to; exercising D.for; to exercising
12.Life is short, so it’s ________ for all of us to work hard for our dream.
A.necessary B.famous C.successful
13.It’s very kind ________ you to help me book the ticket online.
A.with B.of C.for D.to
14.It was difficult for Lucy ________ her excitement when she saw her favourite film star.
A.to control B.controlled C.be controlled D.control
15.It is generous ________ them to donate money to the poor children.
A.to B.for C.of D.with
16.It is brave ________ the doctors ________ people from COVID-19. Sometimes they risk losing their lives.
A.of; to save B.of; saving C.for; to save D.for; saving
17.It’s really foolish ________ Jim ________ an umbrella with him in such rainy weather.
A.for; to take B.of; to take C.for; not to take D.of; not to take
18.It’s important ________ English every day.
A.of us to read B.for us to read C.for us reading D.we must read
19.It is ________ for us to work as volunteers at community centers.
A.meaningful B.successful C.specially D.similar
20.It’s necessary ________ children ________ some safety skills.
A.of; learning B.of; to learn C.for; learning D.for; to learn
21.Is it possible ________ us ________ some voluntary work to help the old in our community
A.of; organizing B.for; organizing C.of; to organize D.for; to organize
22.It is ________ Daniel to work out such a difficult maths problem in ten minutes.
A.clever of B.careful of C.useful for D.proper for
23.It was careless ________ you ________ the window on such a rainy day.
A.of; to close B.for; to close C.of; not to close D.for; not to close
24.I think ________ is necessary for us ________ the birds.
A.it; protect B.its; to protect C.it’s; protecting D.it; to protect
25.It’s wrong ________ you ________ your parents’ advice.
A.for;don’t accept B.of;not to accept C.for;not accept D.of;not accepting
26.It is ________ of the people to ________ money to the poor.
A.important; donating B.generous; raising C.meaningful; raise D.helpful; donate
27.Nowadays, it’s convenient and cheap for us ________ a shared-bicycle.
A.ride B.to ride C.to fly
28.It will be wise ________ you to wash your hair often, because it is important ________ us to keep clean.
A.for, for B.of, for C.of, of D.for, of
29._________ is careless _________ him _________ his ID card on the reception.
A.This, of, to leave B.It, for, leaving C.It, for, to leave D.It, of, to leave
30.Is ________ necessary ________ the book tomorrow
A.this; to return B.it; to return C.that; to return D.it, returning
二、完成句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
31.对我们来说使用公筷很有必要。
It’s very serving chopsticks.
32.训练你的小狗是很有意思的。
interesting your little dog.
33.他们志愿参加抗击新冠肺炎的战役,真是太勇敢了。
It was very them to volunteer to the battle against COVID-19.
34.Amy is kind to share food with her classmates.(改为同义句)
kind Amy share food with her classmates.
35.They can’t find good jobs. It’s difficult.(合并为一句)
It’s difficult them find good jobs.
36.It’s very interesting to play with them.(改为感叹句)
it is to play with them!
37.你很有必要放弃打游戏来提高你的成绩。
It’s you playing games to improve your grade.
38.为残疾人提供帮助是有意义的。
It’s help for the disabled.
39.good, time, outdoors, it, to, is, play, a
.
40.对学生们来说必须按时交作业。
It’s necessary for students to .
41.to, and, plant, fun, important, trees, it’s
.
42.成为旅行俱乐部的一员真令人兴奋。
a member of the Travel Club.
43.在这样的学校里,与别人竞争很难。
It is really difficult to others in such a school.
44.Tom 是有必要解决这个问题的。
It is for Tom to the problem.
45.父母与他们的孩子面对面交谈是很重要的。
It’s parents to have talks with their children face to face.
46.To get an injection is a little painful.
= a little painful an injection.
47.To protect wild animals is necessary for us. (改为同义句)
necessary for us to protect wild animals.
48.对于老年人来说爬那座山太难了。
It’s the old climb the mountain.
49.Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. (改为同义句)
bad for your eyes watch TV too much.
50.你没有必要一次买那么多蔬菜。
It’s for you to buy so many vegetables once.
参考答案:
1.A
【详解】句意:虽然我们只能在家学习,但充分利用时间对我们来说很重要。
考查介词辨析。for为了;of……的;with和;by通过。It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……的”,空处应填介词for。故选A。
2.C
【详解】句意:对我们的学生来说吃早餐是很重要的。
考查it固定句型。句型“It is+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事是……”,其中it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正主语;形容词说明事物的性质,用介词for;形容词说明人的性格特点,用介词of,题干中形容词important表示“吃早饭这件事很重要”,所以应用介词for,故选C。
3.D
【详解】句意:——你的房间乱七八糟。该收拾了。——好的,妈妈。
考查it句型和动词短语。固定句型It’s time to do sth“该是做某事的时候了”。排除AC选项。tidy up是“动副”短语,代词作宾语时,需放中间,故选D。
4.B
【详解】句意:如果你想更多地了解中国菜,你有必要看纪录片《风味人间》。
考查形容词辨析。creative有创造力的;necessary必要的;meaningless无意义的。根据后句“if you want to learn more about Chinese food.”可知,应是有必要看纪录片《风味人间》。故选B。
5.C
【详解】句意:在这样恶劣的天气下,我们很难赢得比赛。
考查固定句型。It固定句型:It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。和for连用的形容词是修饰事物的性质;和of连用的形容词是修饰人的性格和品质。difficult是修饰事物的,应用for,故选C。
6.B
【详解】句意:有一个真正的朋友是必要的。你们能帮助和温暖彼此。
考查形容词辨析。outgoing外向的;necessary必要的;famous著名的。根据“You can help and warm each other”可知是必要的,故选B。
7.C
【详解】句意:每天早上喝点牛奶对你有好处。
考查固定句型。It is +形容词+ for/of sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是怎样的”。其中和of连用的形容词修饰人的品质,性格;和for连用的形容词修饰事物的性质。good是修饰事物,故选C。
8.C
【详解】句意:对我来说去参观动物园很令人放松。
考查句子成分。固定句式:It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对于某人来说,做某事是……的”,动词不定式作真正的主语,it作形式主语,故选C。
9.D
【详解】句意:对我们来说,每天锻炼身体是必要的。这也是一种很好的放松方式。
考查it的特殊用法和非谓语动词。根据“is necessary for us”可知,此处为“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”的结构,意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”,此处It为形式主语,动词不定式短语为真正的主语。故选D。
10.A
【详解】句意:从电视节目中学到一些有用的信息是很重要的。
考查动词不定式的用法。根据“It is important... some useful information from the TV shows.”可知,此处使用句型It+is+adj+to do sth.,表示“做某事是……的”,it作形式主语,动词不定式“to do sth”作真正的主语,所以此空处应是to learn。故选A。
11.A
【详解】句意:每天锻炼对我们来说很重要。
考查it固定句式。分析句子可知,此处是结构“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”,意为“对某人来说,做某事是……”,It是形式主语,不定式to exercise是真正主语。故选A。
12.A
【详解】句意:生命是短暂的,所以我们都有必要为我们的梦想而努力。
考查形容词辨析。necessary必要的;famous著名的;successful成功的。根据“Life is short”和“to work hard for our dream”可知,生命很短暂,所以为梦想而努力很有必要。故选A。
13.B
【详解】句意:你帮我在网上订票真是太好了。
考查介词辨析。with有;of属于……的;for为了;to到。根据“It’s very kind ... you to help me
book the ticket online.”可知,该句结构为It is+形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth.,形容词“kind”是形容人的品质,故介词应用of。故选B。
14.A
【详解】句意:当露西看到她最喜欢的电影明星时,她很难控制住自己的兴奋之情。
考查非谓语动词。to control控制,动词不定式;controlled控制,过去式或过去分词;be controlled被控制;control控制,动词原形。根据“It was difficult for Lucy”可知,此处为“it is +adj.+for sb. to do sth.”的结构,意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”,故空格处应用动词不定式。故选A。
15.C
【详解】句意:他们很大方,捐钱给贫穷的孩子们。
考查介词的用法。to到;for对于;of……的;with和。此句是句型It is +for/of sb to do sth,当形容词是属于人的品质时用介词of,此处generous是人的品质,因此用of。故选C。
16.A
【详解】句意:医生们从COVID-19中拯救人们是勇敢的。有时他们冒着失去生命的危险。
考查It固定句型。根据“It is brave...the doctors...people from COVID-19.”可知,此处是“It is+adj+of sb+to do sth”句型,表示“某人做某事怎么样”,形容词修饰“the doctors”,动词不定式作真正的主语。故选A。
17.D
【详解】句意:吉姆真傻,在这样的雨天不带雨伞。
考查it句型和介词辨析。固定短句型It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”。此处当形容词形容事物的性质时,应用for;当形容词是描述人的性格、品质等时,应用of。foolish在此处是修饰吉姆很傻,应用of。再根据“in such rainy weather.”可知下雨天不带伞是很傻的,故选D。
18.B
【详解】句意:对我们来说,每天学习英语很重要。
考查it固定句式。固定句式:It’s+for/of sb to do sth“某人做某事是……的”,important是修饰物,介词用for,动词不定式作主语,故选B。
19.A
【详解】句意:在社区中心做志愿者对我们是有意义的。
考查形容词副词辨析。meaningful有意义的;successful成功的;specially特别地;similar相
似的。首先根据句型It is可知,is后应用形容词作表语,排除C;根据句意可知在社区做志愿者是一件有意义的事。故选A。
20.D
【详解】句意:孩子们有必要学习一些安全技能。
考查介词和非谓语。此处是It’s adj for/of sb to do sth的结构,形容词“necessary”是修饰物的,此处介词用for;后接不定式作主语;故选D。
21.D
【详解】句意:我们有可能组织一些志愿工作来帮助我们社区的老人吗?
考查it固定句型。of……的;for为了。根据“possible”可知,修饰的是“some voluntary work to help the old in our community”这件事,因此介词for符合句意;再者根据“it is adj. to do sth”可知,需要动词不定式作真正的主语;故选D。
22.A
【详解】句意:丹尼尔真聪明,十分钟就做出了这么难的数学题。
考查形容词辨析和it固定句型。clever聪明的;careful小心的;useful有用的;proper 适合的;“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”,该句型中的形容词常与事物的特征有关;“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”表示“某人做某事怎样”,该句型中的形容词常与人的性格特点有关。由“ work out such a difficult maths problem in ten minutes.”可知,此处强调丹尼尔很聪明,“clever”说明人本身具有的品质特征,故介词应用“of”。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:这么大的雨天,你不把窗户关上,真是太不小心了。
考查介词辨析和非谓语动词。此处形容词“careless”是表示一个人的品质、性格,应用介词“of”,不用for,可排除BD选项;再根据“the window on such a rainy day.”可知,此处是指下雨天不关窗户是很粗心的。故选C。
24.D
【详解】句意:我认为我们有必要保护鸟类。
考查it固定句型和不定式作主语。根据“...is necessary for us ... the birds”可知,该句结构为“it is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”“做某事是……的”;it作形式主语,不定式作真正的主语;结合结构,故选D。
25.B
【详解】句意:你不接受你父母的建议是不对的。
考查动词不定式和介词。for对……来说;of……的,用于句型It’s+形容词+of sb. to do sth.中表示“某人做某事是怎么样的”;don’t accept不接受,谓语动词;not to accept不去接受,动词不定式的否定式;not accept不接受,位于情态动词后;not accepting不接受,动名词的否定式。It’s wrong of sb not to do sth.”意为“某人不做某事是错误的”。因此第一空应填介词of,第二空格应填not to accept。故选B。
26.D
【详解】句意:人们向穷人捐款是有帮助的。
考查形容词辨析和动词不定式的用法。important重要的,表示物性;generous慷慨的,表示人性;meaningful有意义的,表示物性;helpful有帮助的,表示人性。根据空后of可知,空一处应用表示人性的形容词,故排除A、C两项;It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.“谁干某事怎么样”,是固定句型,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,故排除B项。故选D。
27.B
【详解】句意:如今,我们骑共享自行车既方便又便宜。
考查非谓语动词。固定句型It is+形容词+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……”,再根据“shared-bicycle.”可知是骑车,排除C选项,故选B。
28.B
【详解】句意:经常洗头是明智的,因为保持清洁对我们很重要。
考查介词辨析。句型“It will be adj. of sb. to do sth.”中,形容词是表示人的品质的词,如clever、kind、nice、wise等;表示“某人做某事是……的”;句型“it is adj. for sb. to do sth.”中,形容词是说明“做某事”的属性的,如important、necessary等;表示“对某人来说,做某事是……的”。前面一句形容词是wise,后面一句形容词是important,所以第一空用of,第二空用for。故选B。
29.D
【详解】句意:他太粗心了,竟把身份证留在接待处。
考查It固定句型。此处是“It is+adj+of sb to do sth”结构,意为“某人是……的去做某事”,故选D。
30.B
【详解】句意:明天有必要还书吗?
考查it固定句型。根据“Is ... necessary ... the book tomorrow ”可知,该句结构为it is+形容词+to
do sth.“做某事是……的”;it作形式主语,to do sth.为真正的主语;一般疑问句中,将be动词放在主语前。结合结构,故选B。
31. necessary for us to use
【详解】固定句型“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是怎么样的”。必要的:necessary,形容词;我们:us,人称代词宾格形式作宾语;使用:to use,不定式作真正主语。故填necessary;for;us;to;use。
32. It’s to train
【详解】由汉语和所给的英语翻译可知“训练”译成:train;“It is+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事怎么样”。其中it作形式主语,代替后面的不定式to do sth.(真正主语)。故填It’s;to;train。
33. brave of take part in
【详解】It is+形容词+for/of sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事……”,当形容词表示人的品质,性格时,用of,当形容词修饰事物时,用for。brave“勇敢的”,形容人的性格,应用of;take part in“参加”。故填brave;of;take;part;in。
34. It’s of to
【详解】句意:艾米很乐于和同学们分享食物。分析句子可知,形容词kind是形容Amy的,故此处可改用结构it’s adj. of sb. to do sth.“某人做某事是……的”,故填It’s;of;to。
35. for to
【详解】句意:他们找不到好工作。这很难。分析句子可知,形容词difficult形容“找工作”这件事,可改用结构it’s adj. for sb. to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”。故填for;to。
36. How interesting
【详解】句意:和他们一起玩很有趣。此处感叹句的中心词是形容词interesting用感叹句结构:how adj.+主谓。故填How;interesting。
37. necessary for to give up
【详解】此处是结构it’s adj. for sb. to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”,必要的:necessary;放弃:give up。故填necessary;for;to;give;up。
38. meaningful to provide
【详解】做某事是……的:it is adj. to do sth.;有意义的:meaningful;给某人提供某物:provide sth. for sb.。故填meaningful;to;provide。
39.It is a good time to play outdoors
【详解】根据所给标点符号可知,这是陈述句的肯定形式。分析所给单词,it作主语,位于句首;is为系动词;a good time作表语;to play outdoors作后置定语修饰time。故填It is a good time to play outdoors“这是在户外玩耍的好时机”。
40.hand in their homework on time
【详解】结合语境可知,本句是It is+形容词+for sb+ to do sth“做某事对某人来说是……的”;hand in“上交”;their homework“家庭作业”,on time“按时”。故填hand in their homework on time。
41.It’s fun and important to plant trees/It’s important and fun to plant trees
【详解】根据所给标点可知是肯定句,结合所给单词可知是It’s+形容词+to do sth句型,表示“做某事是怎样的”。it作形式主语,fun and important/important and fun“有趣且重要的/重要且有趣的”跟在be动词后面作表语,to plant trees“种树”作真正的主语。故填It’s fun and important to plant trees/It’s important and fun to plant trees“种树有趣且重要/种树重要且有趣”。
42.It’s exciting to be/It’s exciting to become
【详解】结合中英文,时态为一般现在时,it’s exciting to do sth.“做某事是令人兴奋的”;be/become a member“成为一员”。故填It’s exciting to be/become。
43.compete with
【详解】对比中英文可知,空处缺少“与……竞争”,其英文表达为compete with,动词短语;根据句意和题干可知,此处考查句型:It’s +adj.(+for sb.)+to do sth.,因此这里应填动词原形。故填compete with。
44. necessary solve
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处考查it作形式主语的固定句型:“it is+形容词+for sb +to do sth.”,意为“对于某人来说做某事是……的。”,故第一空格处为形容词necessary“必要的”;故第二空格处应为动词原形solve“解决”。故填necessary;solve。
45. important for
【详解】根据汉语提示可知,important“重要的”,it is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是怎样的”,固定句型。故填important;for。
46. It is to get
【详解】句意:打针有点痛。题干中动词不定式“To get an injection”作主语,可以与it句型互换, It is+adj./n.+to do sth.。故填It;is;to;get。
47. It is
【详解】句意:保护野生动物对我们来说是必要的。原句为一般现在时,系动词是is,结合题干,此处可用“it is necessary for sb. to do sth.”,表示“做某事对某人来说是必要的”。故填It;is。
48. too difficult/hard for to
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,本题考查句型“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”,表示“做某事对于某人来说怎么样”,“太难”的英文表达是too difficult/hard,因此第一空是too,第二空是difficult/hard;the old“老年人”,因此第三空填for;climb“爬”,动词,因此第四空填to。故填too;difficult/hard;for;to。
49. It’s to
【详解】句意:看电视太多对你的眼睛不好。这句话也可以用固定句型It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth“做某事对某人来说怎么样”表示。故填It’s;to。
50. not necessary
【详解】根据中英文对照,It’s necessary for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是有必要的”,否定只需在is后加not。故填not;necessary。