2024年人教版中考英语总复习题型-情景对话做题技巧+专题训练1（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
情景对话做题技巧+专题训练1
一、话题
1.购物
①营业员常用的交际用语
Can I help you / What can I do for you 你要买什么？
How many/much...do you want 你要多少......
What color/ size/ kind do you like/want 你喜欢、想要什么颜色/尺寸/种类的？
What about this one 这件/种怎么样？
Here you are. 给你。
②顾客常用的交际用语
I want/ would like to buy some...(for...) 我想（为......）买一些......
I would like /want two kilos of... 我想买两千克......
I like the color, but it’s/ they’re too... 我喜欢这个颜色，但它/他们太......
Have you got any other kind/color/size 你们还有其他种类/颜色/尺寸的吗？
That looks nice/great. 看起来不错。
Have you got anything cheaper 你们有更便宜的吗？
How much does it cost / how much is it/ are they 多少钱？
Can/ May I try them/ it on, please 我能试一试吗？
2.打电话
①拨电话的交际用语
May/ Can I speak to ... Please 请找......接电话，好吗？
Who’s that 您是哪位？
This is ... (speaking). 我是......
I’m calling to tell/ ask you to ...我打电话是想告诉/要你去......
That’s very kind of you (to help me). 你能帮我真是太好了。
②接电话的交际用语
Hold on (for a moment), please. 请稍等。
I’m sorry/ afraid he’s/ she’s out at the moment/ right now. 对不起，他/她现在不在。
Can I take a message( for you) 我能替你带话吗？
3.看病
①医生常用交际用语
What’s wrong with you / what’s the matter / what’s up 你怎么了？
How long have you been like this 你像这样多久了？
There’s nothing serious. 不要紧，不严重。
Take this medicine and stay in bed for a few days. 吃这个药并卧床休息几天。
You will get better soon. 你会很快好起来的。
②病人常用的交际用语
I have got a headache/ cough. 我头痛/ 咳嗽。
I’ m not feeling well./ I don’t feel very well./ I feel terrible. 我感觉不舒服。
There’s something wrong with... ......不舒服。
I’m sorry to hear that. 听到......我很遗憾。
4.邀请和应答
①发出邀请
Can you come to my party 你能来我的聚会吗？
Would you like to go for a walk 你想去散步吗？
May I invite you to dinner 我能请你吃晚饭吗？
②接受邀请时的答语
Yes. I’d like/ love to. 是的，我想去。
Yes. It’s very kind of you. 你太好了。
That would be nice. 真好。
③拒绝邀请时的答语
No, thank you. 不了，谢谢。
I’d love /like to, but... 我很想去，但是......
5.谈论天气
①询问天气
What’s the weather like today 今天天气怎样？
How is the weather in England 英格拉的天气怎样？
Lovely weather, isn’t it 天气不错，不是吗？
②描述天气
It’ s fine/cloudy/windy/rainy. 晴天/多云/有风/有雨。
It’s rather warm/ cold/ hot today. 今天很暖和/冷/热。
What a heavy rain! 好大的雨！
6.就餐
①主人常用语
What would you like to have 你想吃什么？
Would you like something to drink 你想喝点什么？
Help yourself to some chicken. 吃的鸡肉吧。
②客人常用语
Yes. I’d like a drink. 是的，我想要一杯饮料。
I’d like rice and chicken. 我想要米饭和鸡肉。
Just a little, please. 要一点，谢谢。
Can I have some more soup 我能再喝点汤吗？
It’s so delicious. Thank you. 很好吃，谢谢你。
No, thank you. I’ve had enough. 不了，谢谢，我吃饱了。
I’m full, thank you. 我饱了，谢谢你。
7.问路及应答
①问路的交际用语
Excuse me, where’s ... 劳驾，.......在哪？
How can I get to... 我怎样去......
Which is the way to the... 去......是哪一条路？
How far is it 有多远？
Which bus can I take 我可以乘哪路车？
②指路的交际用语
It’s over there on the left/ right. 在那儿左/右边。
It’s next to the.../ in front of the .../ behind the.../ across from/ between ...and...
它在......的旁边/前面/后面/对面/ 中间。
It’s at the end of the street. 在路的尽头。
You’d better take/ catch a bus. 你最好乘公交车。
It will take you about half an hour. 大约要花半个小时。
You can’t miss it. 你不会错过它的。
It’s about 15 minutes’ walk. 步行大约15分钟。
8.感谢
①感谢某人
Thank you (very much).
Thanks./ Thank you for...
It’s very kind of you.
②应答
Not at all./ You are welcome./ It’s a pleasure./ My pleasure.
9.道歉
①当要麻烦别人时
Excuse me, please. 打扰一下。
I beg your pardon. 麻烦你。
②当做错事时
Sorry./ I’m sorry for.../ I’m sorry that...我很抱歉......
③回答道歉时的答语
That’s all right. /That’s OK./ Never mind. /It’s nothing. /It doesn’t matter. 没关系。
10.劝告和建议
You’d better ask that woman. 你最好问问那位妇女。
Let’s go there on foot. 咱们步行到那吧。
Why don’t you go to the park / Why not go to the park 为什么不去公园呢？
How/ What about going out for a walk 去散步怎么样？
Shall we play together 我们一起玩好吗？
You shouldn’t stay up too late. 别睡得太晚。
11.喜好和厌恶
①喜欢
--- Which do you like better, ...or... 你喜欢（这两者）中的哪一个？
--- I like ... better than... 我喜欢......胜过......
---Which do you like best, ..., ...or... 你最喜欢（这三种）中的哪一个？
--- I like ...best. 我最喜欢......
I like/love...a lot/ very much/ a little. 我很喜欢/ 有一点喜欢......
②厌恶
I don’t like ...at all. 我一点也不喜欢......
I prefer to ...rather than... 我宁可.......也不......
12.祝愿和祝贺
①祝贺常用语
Good luck (to you)! 祝你好运！
Merry Christmas! 圣诞节快乐！
Happy new year!
Happy birthday!
Congratulations!
Have a good time!
②应答语
Thank you.
You, too.
The same to you.
13.禁止和警告
You can’t do that. 别这么做。
Be careful!/ Take care! /Look out! 小心！
No smoking! 禁止吸烟！
No spitting! 禁止随地吐痰！
It’s dangerous! 危险！
Mind your head/step! 小心碰头/ 脚下！
14.时间或日期
①星期
---What day is (it ) today 今天星期几？
---It’s Monday. 今天是星期一。
②日期
---What’s the date today 今天是几号？
---It’s July 1st. 今天是七月一日。
③时间
---What time is it /What’s the time 几点了？
---It’s six o’clock/ half past five/ a quarter to five/ four thirty. 六点/五点半/四点四十五/四点半。
二、解题方法与技巧
1. 通读对话，仔细审题
考生应将对话从头至尾通读一遍，并根据对话情景来判断出谈话双方的关系、谈话的地点以及谈话的话题等基本情况，如计划、问路、咨询建议等等。在通读对话并审题的同时要在脑海里回顾该场景下常用的口语表达，为进一步解题做好准备。
2. 分析对话，试填答案
在试填答案时，要注意以下几点：
(1)看标点，知句型。标点符号一般来说能起到提示和限定的作用，是我们填补答案的重要依据。根据空格所在句子末尾的标点符号，就可以断定其句型。若是句号，此句为陈述句；若是问号，此句为疑问句；若是感叹号，此句为带有强烈感彩的句子或问候语等。
(2)上下联系，寻找信息的对接点。学生要注意结合上下文，尤其是所填句子的上一句和下一句。学生可根据动词的时态、时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等关键信息确定问句或答语，另外根据特殊疑问句的疑问词及一般疑问句可确定答语的形式及内容。
(3)思前想后，要求逻辑上下一致。所补全的对话必须要上下文连贯一致，不能仅看一个问句就做出答案，这样容易犯逻辑错误。若无法直接从问句中找出答案，学生须注意挖空处的下文，答案往往隐含在下文。
(4)遵循口语交际的原则。注意对话的表达要符合西方人的风俗习惯。中西文化差异，要靠我们在平时的学习中注意积累、归纳与总结。
(5)运用语言要精练。学生在填写时，语言应简练，切忌冗长。
3. 复读对话，验证答案
最后要对所有的答案逐个检查，注意细枝末节，纠正包括大小写、单词拼写、时态、语态及表达方式等在内的任何错误。
基础题组：
(2020长沙)
A: Hi, Jane. You made great progress in English during the long winter vacation. 70
B: Just by taking online courses and finishing my homework in time. Sometimes I watched the online classes again when necessary.
A: But I didn't make full use of the time. So I can't catch up with my classmates now. I feel worried and hopeless.
B: 71 ! Read a lot and do exercises, and you'll get improved.
A: Good idea. When I have difficulties, 72 !
B: No problem. I am always there if you need help.
A: It's very kind of you. By the way, what's the title of your tomorrow’s speech
B: Only I. 5℃.
A: Sounds interesting. But it's just a number. 73
B: It means we need to keep temperature increases below 1.5℃.
A: If not, what would happen
B: Unexpected disasters （灾难） would hit the earth again and again
A: True. The forest fires in Australia have given us warnings. 74
B: The fires lasted for several months. It is reported that countless wild animals have been killed and thousands of people have lost their homes in the big fires.
A: What a bitter lesson!
2022年河南省中考真题
A: Hi, Alex. How are you doing today
B: As busy as a bee. 1. .
A: A project
B: Yes. It’s my English homework.
A: Sounds interesting. 2.
B: It is about my great hometown. We are going to make an introduction to Henan. We hope people will get to know more about my hometown.
A: How special you homework is!
B: But I don’t know how to make it more creative. 3.
A: No problem. Please tell me what you are going to talk about in your project.
B: Hmm, let me see…4. .
A: Great! Why not go to our school library to find more information
B: Good idea. 5.
A: Sure, I’d love to. Let’s go.
2023年河南省中考真题
A: Hey, Leilei! Have you got any plans for the weekend
B: Not yet. 6.
A:I heard the Science and Technology Center is a great place to visit. 7.
B:I am sorry, but I have been there already.
A: What a pity! When did you go there
B:8. . I went with my family.
A: Did you enjoy yourselves
B: Yes, we had a great time there.
A: 9.
B: We watched a video about how Shenzhou-16 was sent into space successfully.
A: What else did you do B:10. .
A: Cool! I will ask my sister to go with me this weekend.
B: Have a good time!
2022年陕西省中考真题
（Two students will go back to school after having classes online for a week. Li Xiaowen’s phone is ringing…）
A: Hello. Li Xiaowen speaking.
B: Hi, Li Xiaowen. 11.
A: I’m preparing all my school things for tomorrow. I’m really excited about going back to school.
B: Me too! Thanks to the government, we can go back to school so soon.
A:12. .The government has really done a lot to fight COVID-19.
B: So it has. Now our life can go back to normal.13.
A: We will get to school at 7:50.
B: How will you go to school
A: By bike.14.
B: I will walk to school. I can’t wait to see our classmates. See you tomorrow.A:15. .
2023年陕西省中考真题
（Peter, a student from the UK studying in Xi’an, meets his mom at the airport in the morning.）
Son：Hi, Mom. I miss you so much.
Mom: 16. .You’ve been in Xi’an for one year. How is it going
Son：Pretty good. People here are very friendly, and there are many places of interest. This afternoon, let’s visit the Bell Tower first.
Mom:17.
Son：It is called the Bell Tower because there is a big bell in the tower. It was used to tell time in the past.
Mom: That’s interesting. It’s like Big Ben in our country.18.
Son：No, it’s not far. It’s just 10 minutes’ walk from the hotel.
Mom: That’s good.（In the evening, they take a walk near Dayan Pagoda）
Mom: Wow, the night view here is amazing.
Son：Yes, Mom. Look, Dayan Pagoda! It was built over 1,300 years ago and it’s well-protected.
Mom: Unbelievable! Such a long time! 19.
Son：They are poems, written on lights.
Mom: That’s cool. Xi’an is rich in history and culture. Can you show me around other places
Son：20. .We can also go to many other beautiful places in Shaanxi. They are worth visiting.
Mom: Great. I’m sure I will have a wonderful time.
参考答案
(2020长沙)
70. How did you learn English 71. Don't worry. / Never give up. /Come on. / cheer up.
72. can you help me 73. What does it mean
74. How long did the fire last
I’m doing a project.
What is about
Can you help me
I’m going to talk about the history of Henan.
Would you like to go with me
What about you
Would you like to go with me？
Last weekend.
What did you do
I also took lots of photos.
What are you doing
I agree with you.
When will we get to school
How about you
See you./Bye.
Me too.
Why does it have this name / Why is it called Bell Tower
Is it far from here
What are these
Sure./ Of course
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