外研版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope Grammar 省略易错题精练(含解析)

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名称 外研版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope Grammar 省略易错题精练(含解析)
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Unit 6 Disaster and hope
省略
一、单项选择
1.You are supposed to do as when being in a foreign country.
A.tell B.telling C.told D.to tell
2.When ________ with difficulties, we should spare no effort to solve them.
A.facing B.to face C.faced D.being faced
3.Unless __________ to speak, you should remain silent at the meeting.
A.being invited B.invited C.to invite D.to be invited
4.When ________ with the old novels, this new novel is more interesting.
A.compared B.being compared C.comparing D.having compared
5.You can never be too careful while________. Always wear yoursafety belt!
A.drive B.to drive C.driving D.having driven
6.When ________ into a warm room, the ice soon changed to water.
A.to take B.to be taken C.taking D.taken
7.Unless ________ to give your opinion at the conference, you should keep silent.
A.being allowed B.having allowed C.allowed D.allowing
8.Once ________ in the forest, we should remain where we are and wait for help.
A.losing B.to lose C.lost D.be lost
9.The new treatment, if ________ immediately, will make all the difference to the general public.
A.applying B.to apply C.applied D.having applied
10.Present at the funeral were about 1,000 people, many more than ________.
A.is planned B.planned C.having planned D.having been planned
11.When ________ for his views on his coaching job, Philip said he found it very demanding and rewarding.
A.asking B.asked C.to ask D.having asked
12.Trust between friends is like money; easier made than ________.
A.being kept B.to be kept C.keeping D.kept
13.— How is the man injured in the earthquake
— The doctor said if ________ in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
A.treated B.treating C.is treated D.be treated
14.Tobacco can damage the lungs and do great harm if ________ in large quantities.
A.to be consumed B.to consume
C.consuming D.consumed
15.— The weather forecast says it’ll be fine tomorrow.
— ________, what about having a barbecue
A.If possible B.If necessary C.If so D.If real
16.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss.
A.being questioned B.was questioned C.questioned D.be questioned
17.The task is demanding, and ________ you may turn to the manager. I am sure he is glad to help.
A.if any B.if not C.if necessary D.if possible
18.The new technology, if _______ to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
A.applying B.applied C.to be applied D.being applied
19.When ________, ice changes into water.
A.to heat B.heating C.heated D.they are heated
20.The man kept silent in the room unless________.
A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak
21.Unless _______ , I won’t attend the party.
A.inviting B.to invite C.invited D.be invited
22.Ordinary soap, if ________ correctly, can deal with bacteria(细菌) effectively.
A.use B.using C.to use D.used
23.If weather permits, we’ll go on a hike in the mountain. But if ________, we’ll cancel.
A.no B.not C.permits D.not permit
24.________another chance, I would pay a visit to Hong Kong again!
A.While giving B.While given C.If giving D.If given
25.I think she is right, because a person can be surely remembered by us if ________ every day.
A.seeing B.seen C.to see D.is seen
26.Generally speaking, if ________ according to the instructions, the drug has no side effect.
A.taken B.taking C.to take D.having-taken
27.Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, ______ not handled properly, may lead to the spread of diseases.
A.because B.as C.unless D.if
28.If ________, the experiment will be successful.
A.do carefully B.did carefully C.carefully done D.doing carefully
29.The new technology, if ______ to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
A.applied B.is applied C.applying D.to apply
30.The climate here is quite pleasant. The temperature seldom, ________, reaches 30℃ in summer.
A.if not B.if ever C.if any D.if so
二、语法填空
31.Once (broadcast), the TV play will be very popular with young people.
32.Though (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to go into the house that was falling to the ground. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
33.When (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
34.Once (encourage), he will have confidence to overcome the difficulties.
35.They landed safely on the island in the Pacific. Everything went on better than previously (expect). (用所给词的适当形式填空)
36.When first (introduce) to his new colleagues, he felt very nervous.
37.We should be cautious and use good judgement when (make) decisions about cloning. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
38.While/When (wander) through the garden, I caught sight of a bee. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
39.The research is designed in such a way that once (begin), it cannot be changed.
40.The rail company makes every effort to ensure the trains run as (schedule). (用单词的适当形式填空)
41.Though (expense),they will help farmers make good profits.
42.When (compare) the famous actors’ income with that of those outstanding doctors and researchers, many people believe it is not justified.
43.There are some seemingly insignificant matters that, when (deal) with in time, can become bigger ones later on.
44.The global warming, if not properly (control), might lead to more natural disasters.
45.While (wait) for the bus, I met an old friend.
46.When (ask) why he came here, the boy kept silent.
47.Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless.
48.While (walk) along the river bank, she was singing a pop song with her classmates.
49.When (have) a test, one may feel shaky and sweaty, with his heart beating quickly. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
50.Jack must have been playing football and Mary (do) her homework.
51.If (heat), water will boil.
52.If carefully (do), the experiment will be successful.
53.Li Ming often thinks of his hometown when (see) the picture.
54.Once (show), the TV play will be very popular with young people.
55.It is said that he drowned when he fell into a river while (try) to take hold of the reflection of the Moon.
参考答案:
1.C
【详解】考查省略句。句意:在国外你应该按吩咐去做。as引导方式状语从句,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词,且省略的主语you与谓语动词tell构成被动关系,故应用told,完整的从句为as you are told。故选C。
2.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当面临困难时,我们应该不遗余力地去解决。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略,从句的主语是we,be faced with面临,固定短语,作从句的谓语部分,句子用一般现在时,故完整形式是When we are faced with difficulties,当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可将从句的主语和be动词省略,故选C。
3.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非被邀请发言,否则你应该在会上保持沉默。此处是unless引导的条件状语从句的省略,从句是描述客观事实,主语是you,和动词invite之间是被动关系,故完整形式是unless you are invited to speak,条件状语从句中主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,由此空格处是invited。故选B。
4.A
【详解】考查省略。句意:与那些旧小说相比,这本新小说更有趣。when引导的时间状语从句,当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,那么从句的主语和谓语动词be都可以省略。compare和this new novel是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,即用动词的过去分词形式。故选A。
5.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:开车时越小心越好。永远系好安全带!这里为while引导的时间状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致是,且有系动词,可以省略主语和系动词,完整从句为while you are driving,句中省略了you are。故选C。
6.D
【详解】考查省略句。句意:把冰放进温暖的房间后,冰很快就变成了水。在when引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,完整的状语从句为when the ice was taken into a warm room,此处可省略主语the ice和was。故选D。
7.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非允许你在会上发表意见,否则你应该保持沉默。分析句子成分可知,从句应为条件状语从句“Unless you are allowed to give your opinion at the conference”的省略,当从句
的主语与主句的主语一致,都为“you”,且从句的谓语动词为be动词的某种形式时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故选C。
8.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:一旦在森林中迷路,我们就应该留在原地等待救援。分析句子结构可知,此处使用状语从句的省略,完整表达形式应为Once we are lost in the forest,主句主语与从句主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,故选择C项。
9.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果立即实施新的治疗方法,将对公众产生重大影响。分析句子结构可知,此处使用了状语从句的省略,the new treatment与apply之间为被动关系,完整表达形式应为if it is applied immediately,it指代the new treatment,从句主语与主句主语一致且从句谓语部分含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,故选择C项。
10.B
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:大约有1000人参加了葬礼,比计划的人数多得多。分析句子结构可知,此处使用了状语从句的省略,完整表达形式应为many more than it was planned,省略了it was,故选择B项。
11.B
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:当被问及对教练工作的看法时,菲利普说他觉得这份工作要求很高,也很有收获。分析句子结构可知,此处使用了状语从句的省略,Philip与ask之间为被动关系,完整表达形式应为when he was asked for his views on his coaching job,从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词,故选择B项。
12.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:朋友之间的信任就像金钱,建立起来容易,保持起来难。分析句子结构可知此处使用了状语从句的省略,trust与keep之间为被动关系,完整表达形式应为than it is kept,省略了it is,这是一句谚语,kept和上文的made是并列的。故选择D项。
13.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:——在地震中受伤的那个人伤势如何?——医生说,如果治疗得当,他很可能会得救。分析句子结构可知此处使用了状语从句的省略,he与treat之间为被动关系,完整表达形式应为if he was treated in a proper way,主句主语与从句主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,故选择A项。
14.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果大量吸烟,会损害肺部,造成巨大伤害。分析句子结构可知,此处使用了条件状语从句的省略,完全表达应为if it is consumed in large quantities从句主语与主语主语一致,且从句谓语部分含有be动词,可省略从句的主语和be动词。故选D项。
15.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:——天气预报说明天会很好。——如果是那样的话,吃个烧烤怎么样?结合选项可知,此处使用了状语从句的省略,A. If possible如果可能的话;B. If necessary如果必要的话;C. If so如果那样的话;以上使用了承前省略,D项结构不正确,结合句意可知,此处使用If so“如果那样的话”符合句意。故选择C项。
16.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和过去分词。句意:我不好意思说,但我在会议上被老板询问时撒了谎。当状语从句的主语和主句主语相同时,可以省略从句的主语和be动词。动词question意为“询问”,和主语构成被动关系,所以应用过去分词形式。故选C。
17.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:这项任务要求很高,如有必要,你可以向经理求助。我相信他很乐意帮忙。A. if any如果有的话;B. if not如果不;不然;C. if necessary如果必要;D. if possible如果可能。根据“I am sure he is glad to help.”可知,如有必要的话,可以向经理求助完成这项任务。故选C。
18.B
【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意:如果这项新技术被运用于水稻种植,它将会帮助提高谷物产量。此处是if引导的条件状语从句省略句,从句主语是The new technology与从句谓语动词apply是被动关系,从句谓语用be done形式,当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且含有be动词的时候,可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略,本句在if条件状语从句(遵循主将从现原则)的后面省略了it is,用过去分词applied。故选B项。
19.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当加热时,冰变成水。分析句子可知,此处为状语从句的省略用法,当主从句主语一致,且从句有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因heat和主语ice为被动关系,完整句子为When ice is heated, ice changes into water.省略ice is,保留过去分词。故选C项。
20.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非有人跟他说话,否则那人在房间里保持沉默。该句是状语从句的省略,句子主语The man和动词speak之间是被动关系,省略了相同的主语和be动词。故选A。
21.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:除非受到邀请,否则我不会参加聚会。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词。句子主语I和invite之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。完整句子为Unless I am invited, I won’t attend the party.省略I am,保留过去分词。故选C。
22.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:普通肥皂,如果使用正确,可以有效地处理细菌。此处是if引导的状语从句的省略,主句和从句为同一主语,且从句含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词,主语Ordinary soap和动词use是被动关系,完整的从句为if it is used correctly,省略主语和be动词,为if used correctly,故选D。
23.B
【详解】考查省略句。句意:如果天气允许,我们去山里远足。但是如果天气不允许,我们就不去。这句话完整的是If weather does not permit, we’ll not go on a hike in the mountain.此处是该句的省略式句型,省略重复的部分,剩下if not。故选A。
24.D
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果再给我一次机会,我会再来香港!while表示“当……时候”;if表示“如果”,根据下文“I would pay a visit to Hong Kong again!”可知,此处表示一种假设,即与现在事实相反,应用if引导的条件状语从句,完整从句为if I were given another chance,当从句和主句是同一主语,且从句含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词,故选D。
25.B
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:我认为她是对的,因为如果每天都能看到一个人,我们一定会记住他。分析句子结构,这是一个包含状语从句的复合句,状语从句的完整结构为if she is seen everyday,因从句与主句主语一致且从句中有系动词,故将从句的主语和系动词省略,留下了if seen everyday,故选B项。
26.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:通常说来,如果按照说明书服用,这个药没有副作用。if引导一个条件状语从句,句中take与逻辑主语the drug构成动宾关系,要用被动;状语从句中,当主语相同,谓语动词是系动词时,可以省略,省略了the drug is,故选A。
27.D
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意:专家警告说,来自医院的医疗废物,如果处理不当,可能会导致疾病的传播。A. because因为;B. as当……时候,因为;C. unless除非;D. if如果。分析句子结构可知,此处应为连词引导的状语从句,省略了主语和be动词,结合句意,此处表示“如果”引导的条件状语从句。故选D项。
28.C
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果仔细做,这个实验就会成功。此处是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句主语和从句主语是同一个,为the experiment,和do是被动关系,所以从句应用一般现在时的被动,完整从句为If it is carefully done,当从句主语和主句主语是同一主语时,且从句含有be动词,可以省略主语和be动词,故选C。
29.A
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果应用于水稻种植,这项新技术将有助于提高粮食产量。在when, while, if, as if, though (或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。结合句意,分析子可知,“if ______ to rice growing”是条件状语从句,原句为“if the new technology is applied to rice growing”,符合状语从句省略条件,省略the new technology is后,应保留过去分词applied。故选A项。
30.B
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意:这里的气候很宜人。夏季气温即使有也很少达到30℃。A. if not 要不;B. if ever如果曾经有,很少;C. if any如果真有的话;D. if so假如这样的话。根据上文The temperature seldom可知此处指“夏季气温即使有也很少达到30℃。”,if ever与seldom或rarely连用,表示“很少”。故选B。
31.broadcast
【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意:这部电视剧一旦播出,就会受到年轻人的欢迎。在once引导的状语从句中,从句主语和主句主语相同,可以省略从句的主语和系动词。broadcast意为“播放”,和从句主语the TV play构成被动关系,且是指动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式。故填broadcast。
32.told
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:尽管被告知有危险,他仍然冒着生命危险进入那座即将倒塌的房子。分析句子可知,此处用了Though引导让步状语从句,且从句的主语和主句的主语一致,从句中含有be动词,因此同时省略了主语和be动词,tell“告知”和被省略的主语he之间是被动关系,应用tell的过去分词形式told。故填told。
33.approaching
【详解】考查省略。句意:接近市中心时,我们看到一座大约10米高的石像。在when引导的时间状语从句中,若谓语部分含有be动词,而主语又跟主句主语相同或从句主语为it时,则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。逻辑主语we与approach之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词形式。根据句意,故填approaching。
34.encouraged
【详解】考查省略句。句意: 一旦受到鼓励, 他就会有克服困难的信心。once引导的从句应该为“Once he is
encouraged”, 此处省略了he is, 故填encouraged。
35.expected
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:他们安全降落在太平洋上的那个岛上。一切都比预期的好。分析句子,连词than引导比较状语从句,从句中省略了it was ,而动词expect和everything之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词。故填expected。
36.introduced
【详解】考查时态,语态,主谓一致和省略。句意:当他第一次被介绍给新同事时,他感到很紧张。when引导的时间状语从句意为“当他第一次被介绍给新同事时”,他是被介绍,且由felt可知,句子描述过去的事情,因此when引导的从句用一般过去时的被动语态,主语he是单数,因此when引导的从句是when he was first introduced to his new colleagues,主句的主语和从句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,因此空格处是introduced。故填introduced。
37.making
【详解】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意:当作出克隆的决定时我们应该谨慎,并使用良好的判断。此处为时间状语从句的省略,从句主语We和从句谓语动词make是主动关系,正在进行的动作,从句谓语动词make用be doing形式,在状语从句中,如果从句主语和主句主语一致,并且从句谓语中又含有be动词的形式,则从句主语和be动词可以省略,make应用现在分词表示主动。故填making。
38.wandering
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:当我在花园里漫步时,我看见了一只蜜蜂。分析句子可知,此处用了While/When引导时间状语从句,且从句的主语和主句的主语一致,从句中含有be动词,因此省略了主语和be动词,wander和被省略的主语I之间是主动关系,应用wander的现在分词形式wandering。故填wandering。
39.begun
【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意:这项研究是这样设计的,一旦开始,就不能改变。当once 或when, while, if, as if, though/although, as, until, until, whether, unless, since等引导状语从句时,若从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同(或从句中的主语为it),且从句的谓语中有be时,可省略从句中的主语和be,该从句可还原成once it/the research is begun,意为“一旦开始”,begin与逻辑主语the research之间是动宾关系,因此需使用过去分词。故填begun。
40.scheduled
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:铁路公司竭尽全力确保列车如期运行。分析句子结构结构,as引导一个方式状语从句,从句中省略了it is。as scheduled意为“按照安排的那样,如期”。故填scheduled。
41.expensive
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:虽然昂贵,但它们将帮助农民获得良好的利润。though引导状语从句的省略,省略主语they和be动词,后面用形容词作表语,故填expensive。
42.comparing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当把著名演员的收入与那些杰出的医生和研究人员的收入进行比较时,许多人认为这是不合理的。分析句子可知,此处when引导时间状语从句,主从句主语一致,省略从句的主语和be动词形式,此处compare与主语people是主动关系,用现在分词,故填comparing。
43.dealt
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:有些看似无关紧要的事情,如果处理得及时,以后就会变成大事。此处考查时间状语从句的省略,deal的逻辑主语为some seemingly insignificant matters,完整表达应为when some seemingly insignificant matters are dealt with in time,时间状语从句中,从句主语与主句主语一致,且谓语部分含有be动词,则可省略主语和be动词,故填dealt。
44.controlled
【详解】考查省略句。句意:全球变暖,如果控制不当,可能会导致更多的自然灾害。if引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,且主语与control构成被动关系。故填controlled。
45.waiting
【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意:在等公共汽车的时候,我遇到了一位老朋友。此处是While引导的时间状语从句省略句,从句主语是I与从句谓语动词短语wait for是主动关系,从句谓语用be doing形式,从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词,常省略从句的主语和be动词,用现在分词waiting,故填waiting。
46.asked
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问到为什么来这里时,这个男孩保持沉默。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是状语从句的省略;当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可以省略从句的主语及be动词,本句完整句子为When the boy was asked why he came here, the boy kept silent.省略the boy was,保留过去分词。故填asked。
47.exposed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:胶片一旦暴露在光下,就会被损坏而变得无用。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是状语从句的省略;当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句含有be动词时,可以
省略从句的主语及be动词,本句完整句子为Once the film is exposed to light, the film will be damaged and get useless.省略the film is,保留过去分词。故填exposed。
48.walking
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:她一边沿着河岸散步,一边和同学们唱着流行歌曲。此处是while引导的状语从句的省略,当主句和从句主语是同一主语,且从句含有be动词时,从句可以省略主语和be动词,主语she和动词walk是主动关系,从句表示过去某一时刻正在沿着河岸散步,应用过去进行时,完整从句为While she was walking along the river bank,省略主语和be动词,故填walking。
49.having
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:考试时,人可能会浑身发抖、出汗,同时心跳加速。分析句子可知,When引导时间状语从句,从句主语和主句主语一致,从句中省略了主语和be动词,have和one在逻辑上是主谓关系,空处需用have的现在分词形式having。故填having。
50.doing
【详解】考查省略句。句意:杰克一定在踢足球,玛丽在做作业。在由and连接的句子中,为避免重复常省略一些重复的词或词组,若主语不同而谓语助动词,情态动词相同,则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。Jack must have been playing football and Mary must have been doing her homework.本句省略must have been,保留现在分词doing。故填doing。
51.heated
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果加热,水会沸腾。根据提示词,heat与主语water之间是动宾关系,这里应是状语从句的省略,完整的句子应该是if it is heated,可以省略it is。故填heated。
52.done
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:如果做得仔细,实验就会成功。分析句子结构可知,此处使用了状语从句的省略,do与逻辑主语experiment之间为被动关系,要使用过去分词,完整表达应为If it is carefully done, the experiment will be successful.在条件状语从句中,主句主语与从句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,故填done。
53.seeing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:李明在看到这张照片时,经常会想起他的家乡。分析句子,when引导时间状语从句,从句主语和主语一致,且从句中谓语含be动词,可省略了从句主语和be,see和主语为主动关系,从句表示正在看照片,应用现在进行时,省略主语和be动词,故用动词的现在分词。故填
seeing。
54.shown
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:一旦播出,这部电视剧就会受到年轻人的欢迎。分析句子结构和意思可知,动词show和句子主语the TV play是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词,表示被动,作状语,此处是状语从句的省略,once引导条件状语从句,与主句主语一致,once shown=once it is shown,省略主语和be动词形式。故填shown。
55.trying
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意:据说他在试图抓住月亮的倒影时掉进河里溺水身亡。分析句子结构可知,while引导的时间状语从句,从句主语和句子主语一致,都是“he”,则从句中可省略主语和be动词,完整形式应为while he was trying to...,主语和be动词一起省略。故填trying。