备战2024年高考英语模拟卷04（天津卷）
第I卷
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—How about bringing my sister to your birthday party
—________ The more, the happier.
A．No way! B．Why not
C．So what D．Have a good time!
【答案】B
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——带我妹妹参加你的生日聚会这么样？——为什么不呢？人越多，越快乐。A. No way! 没门；B. Why not 好的、可以呀、为什么不可以呢(表示同意或赞成)？；C. So what 那又怎么样？；D. Have a good time!玩得高兴！结合“The more, the happier.”可知，说明回答者同意对方带妹妹来自己的生日聚会。故选B。
2．The truck driver had walked in the snow for three hours before he found lights________ the distance.
A．for B．at C．in D．from
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：卡车司机在雪地里走了三个小时才发现远处有灯光。表示“在远处”短语为in the distance，故选C。
3．There was no one else in the classroom, so he ______ it by himself.
A．should have done B．need have done C．must have done D．could have done
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：教室里没有别人，所以他一定是自己做的。A. should have done本应该做；B. need have done本需要做；C. must have done肯定做过；D. could have done本能做。 由“There was no one else in the classroom”可知教室里面没人，所以“肯定”是他自己做完的,表示对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done。故选C。
4．The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research.
A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request
【答案】D
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：委员会已经批准了他的请求，要求他推迟空档年，直到他完成研究。A. application申请； B. wisdom智慧；C. arrangement安排；D. request请求。根据句意以及由后文同位语使用虚拟语气可知，这里指同意他推迟空档年的“请求”。故选D项。
5．To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ________ cycling as regular form of exercise after he retired.
A．took up B．caught on C．carried on D．made for
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了保持健康，约翰逊教授退休后开始定期骑自行车锻炼。A. took up开始从事，开始干；B. caught on流行；C. carried on继续；D. made for走向。由语意可知，为了保持健康，教授开始定期骑自行车。故选A项。
6．In modern times, many young people are _______ of being adults because they haven’t learnt how to be responsible for themselves, not to mention others.
A．starved B．scared C．intended D．tired
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在现代，许多年轻人害怕成为成年人，因为他们还没有学会如何对自己负责，更不用说对别人负责了。A. starved饥饿的；B. scared害怕的；C. intended预期的；D. tired劳累的。根据后文“因为他们还没有学会如何对自己负责，更不用说对别人负责了”可知，很多年轻人害怕成为成年人。故选B。
7．He said that he would ________ pass the exam, but he had to eat his words after failing the exam again.
A．definitely B．flexibly C．horribly D．energetically
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说他一定会通过考试，但又一次考试不及格后，他不得不收回自己的话。A. definitely一定；B. flexibly灵活地；C. horribly可怕地；D. energetically精力充沛地。由下文“but he had to eat his words after failing the exam again.”可知，此处表示他说他一定会通过考试，故选A。
8．I’m now writing __________ the classmates to invite you to come and attend our farewell party on Saturday.
A．in contrast to B．on behalf of C．in charge of D．in the shape of
【答案】B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我现在代表同学写信邀请你来参加我们周六的告别晚会。A. in contrast to与……形成对比；B. on behalf of代表；C. in charge of主管，掌管；D. in the shape of呈……的形状。根据空前的动词“writing”和空后的名词短语“the classmates”可推知，此处表示代表同学来写信，发出邀请，应用介词短语on behalf of“代表”。故选B。
9．The lady insisted that the young man ________ her wallet and that he should be sent to the police station at once.
A．had stolen B．steal C．has stolen D．stole
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这位女士坚持说那个年轻人偷了她的钱包，应该立即把他送到警察局。insist表示坚持，有两种情况，一是 “坚决要求”；二是“坚持说”。表示“坚决要求”，和demand，order等词汇一样，宾语从句谓语用虚拟语气形式should do，should可以省略。表示“坚持说”，宾语从句谓语用陈述语气，注意和主句时态一致。分析句子可知，句中第一个that引导的宾语从句表示“坚持说”，应用陈述语气，且steal这个动作发生在主句谓语动词insisted之前，应用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故选A项。
10．—What are you going to do this weekend
—I’m going to an exhibition of photographs which _____ these days.
A．will be held B．is holding C．will hold D．is being held
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？——我要去参加一个最近正在举行的摄影展。设空处为从句谓语，根据these days可知表示这些天正在举行的展览，应用现在进行时，主语which指代先行词an exhibition of photographs和谓语之间是被动语态，并且主语是单数，谓语用第三人称单数，故选D。
11．At the computer operation test, one is supposed to stay at his own machine, keep his eyes on his screen, ______ to anyone.
A．and not to speak B．but could not speak
C．instead of speaking D．or rather speak
【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在计算机操作测试中，人们应该呆在自己的机器前，眼睛盯着屏幕，不要和任何人说话。此处not to speak是不定式的否定，应与不定式to stay at his own machine，keep his eyes on his screen是并列关系。故选A。
12．The competitor never dreamed of ________for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race.
A．there was a chance B．there being a chance
C．it being a chance D．it was a chance
【答案】B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个运动员做梦也没想到他有机会在100米赛跑中获得第一名。A.there was a chance曾经有过机会；B.there being a chance有机会；C.it being a chance这是一个机会；D.it was a chance这是一个机会。前文介词of后接动名词作宾语，动名词短语there being是特殊的动名词复合结构，意为“有”，符合句意。故选B项。
13．It was at 3 in the morning ________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lot ________ in the ruins.
A．that; buried B．when; buried
C．that; burying D．when; burying
【答案】A
【详解】考查it强调句句式和过去分词。句意：地震是在凌晨3点发生的。数百人丧生，许多人被埋在废墟中。去掉it was和空格后句子完整，所以此处为it强调句句式，即“it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”，且此处强调的是物，所以应用that。在with的复合结构中，动词bury意为“埋”，和逻辑主语a lot构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故选A。
14．Linda walked through the door into the waiting area in the hospital, ________ there is always an atmosphere of boredom and tension.
A．when B．that C．which D．where
【答案】D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：琳达进门走进医院的候诊区，那里总是充满无聊和紧张的气氛。空处引导非限制性定语，先行词为the hospital，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选D项。
15．________, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A．As long as I have traveled B．Now that I have traveled so much
C．Much as I have traveled D．As I have traveled so much
【答案】C
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我去过很多地方，但是我从来没有见过像约翰一样有能力的人。分析句子结构和选项可知，前后2个小分句之间是转折的关系，所以选择C选项，构成让步状语从句。as引导让步状语从句时要倒装，把副词提到句首。故选C。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
High school graduations are one of the most important moments in a teenager’s life. However, heading into the 16 on June 6th, David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper. So you can imagine how 17 David was. Although his sneakers were not extremely unacceptable, David learned they were in 18 of the school’s dress code and he was 19 entry.
David was about to 20 his chance to walk across the stage with his classmate when he caught sight of a 21 face. Butler, a famous local educator, came to the graduation as a parent. Learning David’s unpleasant situation, he 22 the young man back to the entry to see if he could 23 the gatekeeper’s mind.
“I was hoping that she would let it go, but she 24 not letting this young man in, and I didn’t have time to 25 with her,” Butler said. “I wasn’t going to let him miss the most 26 moment in his life for anything.” Without missing a beat, Butler simply changed his 27 with David. Just as the 28 closed, David made it inside the hall. Eventually he 29 David from ruining his graduation day.
Although firstly 30 by the last-minute substitution, Butler’s family were thrilled that his quick thinking turned a very 31 situation into a joyful celebration. “I wasn’t 32 because Mr. Butler is always helpful,” a 33 parent of David’s said.
It’s said that a truly generous man will give the shirt off his back to someone 34 . Now it seems, the saying also 35 to the shoes off his feet.
16．A．festival B．conference C．ceremony D．exhibition
17．A．eager B．upset C．thrilled D．frightened
18．A．violation B．favor C．honor D．place
19．A．envied B．guaranteed C．allowed D．refused
20．A．destroy B．miss C．seize D．imagine
21．A．strange B．happy C．friendly D．serious
22．A．accompanied B．invited C．pushed D．directed
23．A．read B．draw C．relax D．change
24．A．agreed on B．complained about C．insisted on D．argued about
25．A．reason B．talk C．quarrel D．bargain
26．A．decisive B．unbelievable C．important D．appropriate
27．A．shirt B．gifts C．role D．shoes
28．A．event B．doors. C．school D．curtains
29．A．saved B．prevented C．benefited D．excused
30．A．annoyed B．entertained C．confused D．worried
31．A．sensitive B．urgent C．ridiculous D．ugly
32．A．surprised B．excited C．disappointed D．annoyed
33．A．considerate B．grateful C．loving D．proud
34．A．on end B．for dignity C．in need D．under control
35．A．contributes B．refers C．turns D．applies
【答案】
16．C 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了David因为穿的鞋子违背了学校的着装标准，被拒绝进入参加毕业典礼。一位著名的教育家Butler与他交换了鞋子，从而使他没有错过这个重要的时刻。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在进入6月6日的典礼时，David在门口被一个门卫拦住了。A. festival节日；B. conference会议；C. ceremony仪式；D. exhibition展览。根据前一句“High school graduations are one of the most important moments in a teenager’s life.”可知，David要去参加“毕业典礼仪式”，故选C。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以你可以想象David有多难过。A. eager渴望的；B. upset难过的；C. thrilled非常兴奋的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前一句“High school graduations are one of the most important moments in a teenager’s life.”和“David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper”可知，毕业典礼非常重要，但David却被门卫拦住了，肯定很难过，故选B。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的球鞋并不是特别不可接受，但David得知这违反了学校的着装规定，他被拒绝进入学校。A. violation违反；B. favor支持；C. honor光荣；D. place地方。从前一句“David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper”可知，David被门卫拦住不让进学校可推断，他穿的鞋子“违反”了学校的着装规定，故选A。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他的球鞋并不是特别不可接受，但David得知这违反了学校的着装规定，他被拒绝进入学校。A. envied嫉妒；B. guaranteed保证；C. allowed允许；D. refused拒绝。从前一句“David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper”可知，David被门卫拦住不让进，被“拒绝”进入，故选D。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：David正要错过和同学一起走过舞台的机会，这时他看到了一张友好的脸。A. destroy毁坏；B. miss错过；C. seize抓住；D. abandon抛弃。根据前文“David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper”如果一直被拒绝进入，David 就会“错过”毕业典礼，“错过”和同学一起走过舞台的机会，故选B。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David正要错过和同学一起走过舞台的机会，这时他看到了一张友好的脸。A. strange奇怪的；B. happy快乐的；C. friendly友好的；D. serious严肃的。从下文“Learning David’s unpleasant situation, he 7 the young man back to the entry to see if he could 8 the gatekeeper’s mind.”可知，Butler帮忙劝说门卫改变主意，说明他是一个很友好的人，故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知David不愉快的处境，他陪这个年轻人回到入口处，看看他是否能改变看门人的想法。A. accompanied陪伴；B. invited邀请；C. pushed推；D. directed指导。从下文“the young man back to the entry”可知，Butler陪同David一起去入口处。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：得知David不愉快的处境，他陪这个年轻人回到入口处，看看他是否能改变看门人的想法。A. read阅读；B. draw绘画；C. relax放松；D. change改变。从前文“David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper”和“David was about to 5 his chance to walk across the stage with his classmate”可知，门卫之前不允许David进入，David会错过和同学一起走过舞台的机会，Butler想劝说门卫放他进去，所以是“改变”门卫的主意。故选D。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Butler说：“我希望她能放下这件事，但她坚持不让这个年轻人进来，我也没时间和她讲道理。”A. agreed on达成一致；B. complained about抱怨；C. insisted on坚持；D. argued about争论。从前文“I was hoping that she would let it go, but she”和后文“not letting this young man in”可知，门卫之前不让David进，Butler本来希望她能放手，这次还是不让进，说明她坚持这么做，故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Butler说：“我希望她能放下这件事，但她坚持不让这个年轻人进来，我也没时间和她讲道理。”A. reason推理，思考，争辩；B. talk说话，讨论；C. quarrel争吵，吵架；D. bargain讨价还价。从上文“he 7 the young man back to the entry to see if he could 8 the gatekeeper’s mind.”可知，Butler想劝说门卫放David进去，就会和她“讲道理”，故选A。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会让他因为任何事情而错过生命中最重要的时刻。A. decisive决定性的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. important重要的；D. appropriate合适的。根据第一段中“High school graduations are one of the most important moments in a teenager’s life.”可知，毕业典礼是David生命中最“重要的”时刻。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Butler毫不迟疑地和大卫换了鞋子。A. shirt衬衫；B. gifts礼物；C. role角色；D. shoes鞋子。从上文“Although his sneakers were not extremely unacceptable, David learned they were in 3 of the school’s dress code”得知，David穿的鞋子违背了学校着装规定，被拒绝入校。为了解决这个问题，Butler和他交换“鞋子”。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当门关上的时候，David进入了大厅。A. event事件；B. doors门；C. school学校；D. curtains窗帘。根据下文“closed, David made it inside the hall”可知，David走进大厅，“门”被关上，故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终他救了David，让他没有毁了自己的毕业典礼。A. saved挽救；B. prevented阻止；C. benefited受益；D. excused原谅。根据上文“Without missing a beat, Butler simply changed his 12 with David. Just as the 13 closed, David made it inside the hall.”可知，本来David会因为穿着不当错过毕业典礼的，但Butler却想出办法让他顺利参加了，相当于“挽救”了局面，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始被最后一分钟的换鞋弄得很困惑，但Butler的家人还是很兴奋，因为他的反应很快，把一个非常糟糕的局面变成了一个欢乐的庆祝。A. annoyed(使)恼怒；B. entertained使快乐；C. confused使困惑；D. worried使担忧。根据后文“by the last-minute substitution”可知，一开始，Butler的家人“很困惑”他在最后一分钟交换鞋子的做法，故选C。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然一开始被最后一分钟的换鞋弄得很困惑，但Butler的家人还是很兴奋，因为他的反应很快，把一个非常糟糕的局面变成了一个欢乐的庆祝。A. sensitive敏感的；B. urgent紧急的；C. ridiculous荒谬的；D. ugly(局面)糟糕的。turn…into…表示“把……变成……”，两个形容词应该形成对比。joyful表示“快乐的，高兴的”，所以ugly“(局面)糟糕的”符合文意，故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： David的一位家长感激地说：“我并不感到惊讶，因为Butler总是乐于助人”。A. surprised惊讶的；B. excited兴奋的；C. disappointed失望的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后一句“Mr. Butler is always helpful,”可知，Butler经常帮助别人，那么此次帮助David也就不让人不感到惊讶。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： David的一位家长感激地说：“我并不感到惊讶，因为Butler总是乐于助人”。A. considerate体贴的；B. grateful感激的；C. loving关爱的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文“Eventually he 14 David from ruining his graduation day.”可知，Butler帮助David顺利参加了一生中最重要的毕业典礼，他的父母非常“感激”，故选B。
34．考查介词短语辨析。句意：据说一个真正慷慨的人会全力以赴帮助有需要的人。A. on end连续不断地；B. for dignity为了尊严；C. in need需要帮助的；D. under control处于控住之下的。由前文“a truly generous man will give the shirt off his back to someone”可知，一个真正慷慨的人会全力以赴帮助有需要的人。故选C。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在看来，这句谚语也适用于他脚上的鞋子。A. contributes to有助于；B. refers to参考；C. turns to求助于；D. applies to适用于。依据Butler帮助David的故事，谚语也可以写成“a truly generous man will give the shoes off his feet to someone in need”，所以说这句谚语也“适用于”以上情况，故选D。
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you worried about the planet and tired of waiting around for things to change Go ahead and take a closer look at the various options available to volunteer for the environment!
Sustainable Agriculture
If you decide to volunteer for a sustainable agriculture project, you’ll definitely learn some interesting sustainable farming techniques. You will be learning these techniques from locals or teaching them to the local farmers so they can implement these techniques on their own.
Best Places to Volunteer:
Central or South Africa, India, Nepal, Indonesia and the Philippines.
Marine (海洋的) Conservation
Volunteers for marine conservation should naturally be attracted to water. It’s important that you don’t fear diving and have a strong interest in learning to dive during your stay. While volunteering, your task as a volunteer will be to help research, maintain and grow the unique , marine biology.
Best Places to Volunteer:
The Bahamas, Cuba, Peru, South Africa, Indonesia, Spain and Italy.
Nature Conservation
Conservation projects are dedicated to protecting the natural environment of a specific location. Tasks here may vary greatly depending on the program but it will require volunteers to study the environment and learn about the local-wildlife species. You’ll be monitoring the environment and analyzing data while taking action to preserve the local species of plants and animals.
Best Places to Volunteer:
Madagascar, the Maldives, South Africa, New Zealand and Russia.
Renewable Energy and Water
Projects focused on energy and water create ways for communities to access sustainable energy and water sources. These programs are dedicated to designing system improvements and creating a sustainable supply of energy and water. It’s important for conservation volunteers to evaluate the needs of the community and implement actions to solve these issues.
Best Places to Volunteer:
Peru, Costa Rica, El Salvador, India and Cameroon.
● Requirements
With so many subcategories and such a wide array of organizations, the required skill set will vary for each program. English is the main language on all projects so it’s important that conservation volunteers have a good understanding of English. For projects in South America, you will find it helpful to have a basic knowledge of Spanish.
36．If you are interested in botanical creatures, you’re advised to join in the project of ________.
A．Sustainable Agriculture B．Marine Conservation
C．Nature Conservation D．Renewable Energy and Water
37．If you want to volunteer for three projects in the/same /country, which country is the best choice
A．Peru B．Indonesia C．South Africa D．India
38．What skill or interest is necessary for volunteering in marine conservation efforts ,
A．Willingness to learn to dive.
B．Capability to work independently.
C．Experience in nature photography>
D．Knowledge of agriculture techniques.
39．What should volunteers do in their voluntary work
A．Learning farming techniques by implementing these techniques on their own.
B．Studying the environment and perform the same natural conservation tasks.
C．Assessing the requirements of the community before implementing actions.
D．Signing up for marine conservation project even if they are afraid of the water;
40．What is required in common to be a volunteer in any of the above programs
A．Farming techniques B．Marine biology
C．Data analysis D．English language
【答案】36．C 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者主要介绍了一些环境志愿者需具备的条件以及可以去的地方。
36．细节理解题。根据Nature Conservation中的“Tasks here may vary greatly depending on the program but it will require volunteers to study the environment and learn about the local-wildlife species. You’ll be monitoring the environment and analyzing data while taking action to preserve the local species of plants and animals.”（这里的任务可能因项目的不同而有很大的不同，但它要求志愿者研究环境，了解当地的野生动物物种。你将监测环境并分析数据，同时采取行动保护当地的动植物物种。）可知，如果你对植物性生物感兴趣，建议你参加Nature Conservation。故选C项。
37．细节理解题。根据第一个项目Sustainable Agriculture中“Best Places to Volunteer: Central or South Africa, India, Nepal, Indonesia and the Philippines.”（最佳志愿者地点：中非或南非、印度、尼泊尔、印度尼西亚和菲律宾。），第二个项目Marine Conservation中“Best Places to Volunteer: The Bahamas, Cuba, Peru, South Africa, Indonesia, Spain and Italy.”（志愿者的最佳地点：巴哈马、古巴、秘鲁、南非、印度尼西亚、西班牙和意大利。），第三个项目Nature Conservation中“Best Places to Volunteer: Madagascar, the Maldives, South Africa, New Zealand and Russia.”（志愿者的最佳地点：马达加斯加，马尔代夫，南非，新西兰和俄罗斯。），第四个项目 Renewable Energy and Water中“Best Places to Volunteer: Peru, Costa Rica, El Salvador, India and Cameroon.”（志愿者的最佳地点：秘鲁，哥斯达黎加，萨尔瓦多，印度和喀麦隆。）结合以上四个项目的最佳地点可知，如果你想在同一个国家志愿参加三个项目，最好的选择就是去南非。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据Marine (海洋的) Conservation中的“It’s important that you don’t fear diving and have a strong interest in learning to dive during your stay.”（重要的是，你不要害怕潜水，并在你逗留期间对学习潜水有浓厚的兴趣。）可知，志愿参与海洋保育工作需要愿意学习潜水。故选A项。
39．细节理解题。根据Renewable Energy and Water中的“It’s important for conservation volunteers to evaluate the needs of the community and implement actions to solve these issues.”（对于保护志愿者来说，评估社区的需求并采取行动解决这些问题是很重要的。）可知，在实施行动之前评估社区的需求。故选C项。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“English is the main language on all projects so it’s important that conservation volunteers have a good understanding of English.”（英语是所有项目的主要语言，所以环保志愿者对英语有良好的理解是很重要的。）可知，任何项目的志愿者都需要具备的共同的条件就是对英语有良好的理解。故选D项。
B
It was a cold May morning when I received an intriguing (有趣的) email from an old high school friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes.
The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, gathered on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.
I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss seeking permission from him to make the once-in-a-life trip.
If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more and more about less and less.
Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really, really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.
I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a relentless desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate.
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.
Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.
While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.
41．What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal
A．Her love for surfing and improving existing skills.
B．Her desire to reconnect with a high school friend and make new friends.
C．Her passion for embracing challenges and exploring new places.
D．The chance to take a break in Portugal from work.
42．What is the author’s view on adults focusing on mastering one field
A．It blocks creativity and exploration. B．It is essential for career success.
C．It disturbs one’s work-life balance. D．It narrows one’s abilities.
43．Which of the following words best describe the author’s surfing experience
A．Tough but rewarding. B．Relaxing but unpredictable.
C．Difficult but interesting. D．Tiring but meaningful.
44．What can be inferred about the author
A．She discovered her true calling atter the trip.
B．She used to lack confidence in herself.
C．She became more willing to challenge herself.
D．She went on to become an expert surfer.
45．What wisdom did the author gain from the experience with surfing
A．The need to seek professional training in all new skills.
B．The value of pushing your limits and running the risk of something unpleasant.
C．The benefit of exploring new places with unknown companions.
D．The importance of being an expert in on field.
【答案】41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者收到了一位高中老朋友发来的一封电子邮件，邀请她参加一个为期10天的女子冲浪之旅，作者从这次经历中学到了挑战极限、冒一些不愉快的风险的价值。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段“The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, gathered on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.(这次旅行似乎很简单。10名年龄在30到45岁之间、素不相识的女性聚集在葡萄牙海岸，尝试一项新事物：在大西洋冲浪。)”和第三段“I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss seeking permission from him to make the once-in-a-life trip.(我一直很喜欢旅行，所以我急切地给老板发了一封电子邮件，希望他允许我进行一次一生一次的旅行。)”和第六段第二句“Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a relentless desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.(尽管我们的个性和背景不同，但我们都团结在一起，渴望挑战自我，学习，解决和成长。)”可知，她对迎接挑战和探索新地方的热情促使作者参加葡萄牙的冲浪之旅。故选C。
42．推理判断题。根据第五段“Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really, really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.(现在，从理论上讲，这是一个很好的策略，因为它可以让你变得非常非常擅长某一件事，但最终也会让你缺乏一些技能。)”可知，作者对成年人专注于掌握一个领域的看法是这限制了一个人的能力。故选D。
43．推理判断题。根据第八段“Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.(在我们出色的教练的带领下，我们一起面对海浪。有时，下着大雨，海浪在我们周围拍打，但我们仍然在那里。每一次滑倒，空气中都充满了鼓励的话语。)”和第九段“Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.(老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。)”可知，作者的冲浪经历艰难但值得。故选A。
44．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself.(虽然冲浪可能不是我的使命，但尝试它激励我在生活中承担更多的风险，走出我的舒适区，永远不要停止相信自己。)”可知，作者更愿意挑战自我了。故选C。
45．细节理解题。根据倒第二段“Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.(老实说，我可能大部分时间都僵在骨头上，但这并不重要，因为真正的快乐和个人成就的新水平已经被解锁了。学习一项新技能教会了我在新事物上做得不好时的谦卑，以及当你最终掌握了你一直在做的事情时产生的自豪感。)”和最后一段第一句“While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself.(虽然冲浪可能不是我的使命，但尝试它激励我在生活中承担更多的风险，走出我的舒适区，永远不要停止相信自己。)”可知，作者从冲浪的经历中学到了挑战极限、冒一些不愉快的风险的价值。故选B。
C
Reports have emerged recently of cows being fed supplements (补充剂) obtained from palm oil (棕榈油) to increase the butterfat content of milk. The practice partly responds to the increasing demand for butter during the pandemic when the number of milk cows has not increased accordingly. Thus, palmitic acid supplements, obtained from imported palm oil are given to cows.
According to Dairy (乳品业的) Farmers of Canada(DFC), it is used in other countries as well to “provide energy to cows without undesirable effects”. Experts of DFC guarantee that the milk products are safe and that the amounts of supplements used are very small. But based on Canadians’ concern over the link between butter and palm oil, it appears more complicated. Lots of Canadians have been deliberately trying to avoid palm oil in diets, only to realize that palm oil is being used in the dairy industry.
People are concerned about the nutrition question, for too much palmitic acid is associated with heart disease. Besides, palm fats change the taste of milk, which is a headache for many food producers. But those are not what disturb me. In fact, palm oil has a bad reputation for driving deforestation, particularly in Southeast Asia, which produces 85% of the world’s palm oil supply. The rapid expansion of palm oil has destroyed habitats for many wild animals. Fires are set to replace jungles with palm trees, polluting the air, and some are impossible to put out.
Despite the harmful effects palm oil may bring about, palm oil is found in roughly 50% of the products sold in supermarkets. It is cheap to produce and stays solid at room temperature, making it perfect for baked and packaged foods. It has a high cooking temperature and smoke point, providing smooth mouthfeel. It’s also added to make-up, cleaning products, chocolate, fuels, and more.
Some organizations are making efforts to clean up the palm oil industry through various practices. Big brands are formally warned when their palm oil suppliers engage in illegal expansion, which in turn has driven them to take action, even if their action seems inadequate currently. There’s hope on the horizon, but the palm oil industry is still one I won’t give support to.
46．Why are cows fed supplements made from palm oil
A．To get more palmitic acid. B．To cut down the expense of feed.
C．To protect cows against diseases. D．To meet the demand for butter.
47．What can be known from Paragraph 2
A．Increased supplements lead to less milk. B．Canadians care little about the dairy industry
C．The public are dependent on experts’ advice. D．DFC’s guarantee receives no desired result.
48．Why is the author anxious about the use of palm oil
A．For the potential health risks. B．For the environmental concerns.
C．For the low output of palm trees. D．For the waste of food resources.
49．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about concerning palm oil
A．Why it is badly needed. B．How it boosts the food industry.
C．What industrial development it leads to. D．How it is produced.
50．What is the author’s attitude towards some organizations and big brands’ action
A．Indifferent. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Objective.
【答案】46．D 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过为了增加牛奶中的乳脂含量而给奶牛喂食从棕榈油中提取的补充剂引出话题，讲述了人们的担忧，以及作者的看法。
46．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The practice partly responds to the increasing demand for butter during the pandemic when the number of milk cows has not increased accordingly.(这种做法在一定程度上是为了应对疫情期间对黄油需求的增加，而奶牛的数量并没有相应增加。)”可知，给奶牛喂食棕榈油补充剂是为了满足人们对黄油的需求。故选D。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Experts of DFC guarantee that the milk products are safe and that the amounts of supplements used are very small. But based on Canadians’ concern over the link between butter and palm oil, it appears more complicated. (DFC的专家保证牛奶产品是安全的，而且所用的补充剂数量很少。但基于加拿大人对黄油和棕榈油之间联系的担忧，这似乎更为复杂。)”可知，虽然DFC做出了保证，但由于加拿大人对黄油和棕榈油之间联系的担忧，这种保证并没有得到人们的认可。由此可推测出，DFC的保证没有得到想要的结果。故选D。
48．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“People are concerned about the nutrition question, for too much palmitic acid is associated with heart disease. Besides, palm fats change the taste of milk, which is a headache for many food producers. But those are not what disturb me.(人们关心营养问题，因为过多的棕榈酸会导致心脏病。此外，棕榈脂肪会改变牛奶的味道，这是许多食品生产商头疼的问题。但这些并没有让我感到不安。)”可知，作者对棕榈油带来的营养问题、口味问题并没有很在意，所以下文的内容是作者真正在意的问题。结合下文“In fact, palm oil has a bad reputation for driving deforestation, particularly in Southeast Asia, which produces 85% of the world’s palm oil supply. The rapid expansion of palm oil has destroyed habitats for many wild animals. Fires are set to replace jungles with palm trees, polluting the air, and some are impossible to put out.(事实上，棕榈油因助长森林砍伐而名声不佳，尤其是在东南亚，那里的棕榈油供应量占世界的85%。棕榈油的迅速膨胀破坏了许多野生动物的栖息地。大火将用棕榈树取代丛林，污染空气，有些无法扑灭。)”可知，棕榈油致使森林砍伐、野生动物栖息地破坏、空气污染，这些环境问题让作者对使用棕榈油感到担心。故选B。
49．主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Despite the harmful effects palm oil may bring about, palm oil is found in roughly 50% of the products sold in supermarkets.(尽管棕榈油可能会带来有害影响，但在超市销售的产品中，约有50%含有棕榈油。)”可知，超市销售的产品中大约有一半都含有棕榈油，这说明它需求量很大，下文“It is cheap to produce and stays solid at room temperature, making it perfect for baked and packaged foods. It has a high cooking temperature and smoke point, providing smooth mouthfeel. It’s also added to make-up, cleaning products, chocolate, fuels, and more.(它生产成本低，在室温下保持固体，非常适合烘焙和包装食品。它具有较高的烹饪温度和冒烟点，提供顺滑的口感。它还被添加到化妆品、清洁产品、巧克力、燃料等中。)”讲述了棕榈油的特点以及广泛的使用范围，由此可推测出，本段主要讲述了棕榈油需求量大的原因。故选A。
50．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some organizations are making efforts to clean up the palm oil industry through various practices. Big brands are formally warned when their palm oil suppliers engage in illegal expansion, which in turn has driven them to take action, even if their action seems inadequate currently. (一些组织正在通过各种做法努力整顿棕榈油行业。当大品牌的棕榈油供应商进行非法扩张时，他们会受到正式警告，这反过来又迫使它们采取行动，即使他们目前的行动似乎不够充分。)”和“There’s hope on the horizon(希望就在眼前)”可知，一些组织正在努力整顿棕榈油行业，而且一些大品牌棕榈油供应商会采取行动，作者认为希望就在眼前，由此可推测出，作者对他们的行动表示支持。故选C。
D
Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.
Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shocking differences in perception (感知) between Westerners and Asians, what they see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how they perceive a simple line in a square, according to findings published in a leading science journal.
In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent individuals. When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.
Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians. The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult — estimating the line’s length relative to the square. For the Asians, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also — estimating the line’s length without comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.
In one study, for instance, researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely’ to choose the green one.
Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.
51．According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to ___.
A．more emphasize independent thinking
B．always focus more on their surroundings
C．think of Westerners as highly independent individuals
D．focus more on the context as well as the object
52．We know from the passage that people’s brains will be more active when ___.
A．the task is much easier B．the blood flow is tracked
C．the task is more difficult D．people begin to choose colors
53．What do the findings of the experiment mentioned in the 4th paragraph indicate
A．They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.
B．They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.
C．They suggest that people’s habits of thought and-perception can be changed in different cultures.
D．They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things.
54．It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A．Easterners prefer collectivism to individualism
B．East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independence
C．It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpower
D．Americans will change their habits of perception when they’re in Britain
55．Which of the following will be the best title of the passage
A．Chinese culture: why it has an advantage over Western culture
B．Western culture and Chinese culture: which will be more suitable for us
C．Western culture and Chinese culture: why we should learn from both
D．Western culture vs. Chinese culture
【答案】51．D 52．C 53．B 54．A 55．C
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项对于东西方人的认知方面的不同的研究，得出结论：西方人认为自己是独立的，东方人认为人们是相互依存的关系，文化差异导致东西方人认知的差异，但是心理学家也发现这是可以改变的。
51．细节理解题。根据第三段中的最后一句“When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.(当东方人看一个场景时，他们倾向于关注周围的环境以及目标)”可知，当东方人看到一个场景，他们倾向于关注周围的环境以及目标。中国属于东亚，故中国人最可能关注周围的环境以及目标。故选D。
52．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult — estimating the line’s length relative to the square. For the Asians, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also — estimating the line’s length without comparing it to the square.(对于美国人来说，当他们完成更难的任务——估计直线相对于正方形的大小——时，与注意力相关的区域更加活跃。对于亚洲人来说，在更困难的任务中——估计线的长度而不将其与正方形进行比较——注意力区域也更加活跃)”可知，美国人和亚洲人在面对更加困难的任务时，脑部与注意力有关的区域的活动性增强了，变得更加活跃了。故选C。
53．推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.(这些发现反映了十多年来对东西方差异的实验研究)”可知，第四段提到的研究发现表明东方人和西方人对世界的感知是不同的。故选B。
54．推理判断题。根据第三段中的第一句“In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent individuals.(在西方国家，文化使人们认为自己是高度独立的个体)”和第三句“East Asian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence.(然而，东亚文化强调相互依赖)”可知，东方人更喜欢集体主义而不是个人主义。故选A。
55．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shocking differences in perception (感知) between Westerners and Asians(研究人员在脑部扫描的帮助下，发现了西方人和亚洲人在感知上的惊人差异)”和最后一段中“Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.(这样的研究为我们提供了大脑如何工作的线索，并为我们开发改善记忆、记忆技巧、增强和加速学习技能的程序带来了希望)”可知，文章介绍了一项对于东西方人的认知方面的不同的研究，得出结论：西方人认为自己是独立的，东方人认为人们是相互依存的关系，文化差异导致东西方人认知的差异，但是心理学家也发现这是可以改变的。C项“西方文化和中国文化：为什么我们应该学习两者？”为最佳标题，故选C。
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
第II卷
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Yesterday my parents were heading off on a little holiday and I took them to the train station, the rain was pouring down.
I got their luggage out, helped them get to the elevator and sent them on their way. As I was walking back to the parking lot, I saw an elderly man walking slowly toward the bus station. Obviously, he had no umbrella. I walked over and asked him where he was going. It turned out that he was heading to the same town as I was, just a 15-minute drive. I offered him a lift which he gratefully accepted.
We had a lovely chat on the way and I learned some of his history. He was 87 and heading to the nursing home he had just put his beloved wife in last week. He had his driving license taken away last year so he had to take public transport every day. A tear fell down his cheek as he told me about his wife. I tried to hold back my own tears but failed.
As I dropped him off at the entrance of the nursing home, I gave him the bunch of flowers I had in the car which I had given to my mom on Mother’s Day. I would much rather see the flowers indulged in by him and his wife than just take them back home. Tears rolled down his cheeks and he thanked me gratefully. As I made my way back to my car, I totally lost control of my emotions and cried like a baby. I just felt that all the stars shone for some reason and I was meant to meet him today. I was very glad to be able to help him in some way.
56．What was the purpose of the author’s visit to the train station (no more than 10 words)
57．What was the elderly man going to do (no more than 10 words)
58．How did the author feel about the elderly man (no more than 5 words)
59．What does the underlined phrase “indulged in” in Paragraph 4 probably mean (1 word)
60．What do you think of the author And give your reasons. (no more than 25 words)
【答案】56．To see his parents off. 57．Visit his wife at the nursing home. 58．He was moved. 59．Enjoyed 60．He was a kind and generous man for offering a lift to an old man and giving him a brunch of flowers.
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者送自己父母去火车上，在回来的路上，顺便搭乘了意为老人去养老院看望妻子的故事。
56．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Yesterday my parents were heading off on a little holiday and I took them to the train station, the rain was pouring down.(昨天我父母去度假，我带他们去了火车站)”可知，作者去火车站的目的是为了给父母送行，故答案为To see his parents off。
57．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“He was 87 and heading to the nursing home he had just put his beloved wife in last week.(他已经87了，即将前往老人院，上周他刚刚把心爱的妻子送去那里)”可知，老年人去养老院看望妻子，故答案为：Visit his wife at the nursing home.
58．考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“As I made my way back to my car, I totally lost control of my emotions and cried like a baby.(在回到车里的路上，我完全无法控制我的情绪，哭得像个婴儿)”可知，作者被老人的故事所感动，故答案为：He was moved。
59．考查词义猜测。根据文章最后一段indulged in前的内容“I gave him the bunch of flowers I had in the car which I had given to my mom on Mother’s Day. I would much rather see the flowers(我把车里的那束原本打算送给我妈妈的那束花送给了他，我宁愿看到这些花……)”可知，此处指我将原本打算送给妈妈的花送给了他，因为我想让他和妻子欣赏这些花，而不是将花带回去，故此处的indulged in意为“欣赏……”，故答案为：Enjoyed。
60．考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段“I was very glad to be able to help him in some way.(我很高兴我能帮助到他)”可知，作者乐于帮助他，因为作者是一个善良的人。且根据最后一段“As I dropped him off at the entrance of the nursing home, I gave him the bunch of flowers I had in the car which I had given to my mom on Mother’s Day.(当我将他送到养老院门口时，我将那束原本要送给妈妈的花送给了他)”可知，作者是一个慷慨大方的人。故答案为：He was a kind and generous man for offering a lift to an old man and giving him a brunch of flowers。
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61．假定你是李津，你的美国朋友Peter下学期将作为交换生来你校学习，他想学习传统中国画，询问你校是否有开设的选修课程。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
(1)学校开设中国画课程;
(2)上课时间和地点;
(3)准备物品：毛笔、墨和纸等。
参考词汇：选修课 optional course;毛笔 Chinese brush
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am so happy to learn you are going to study in our school as an exchange student. Hope you are getting ready for it! In your email, you mentioned that you were interested in traditional Chinese painting. It happens that my school will offer an optional course on learning to paint in a traditional Chinese style. The class is usually held in Yifu building every Saturday afternoon from 2:30pm to 4:30pm.
By the way, to get ready for the class, you need to prepare some necessary tools such as Chinese brush, ink, and paper in advance. When you arrive, I can take you to buy these things.
Looking forward to meeting you soon!
Yours,
Li Jin
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国朋友Peter回封邮件，告知他开设选修课程的情况，包括学校开设中国画课程，上课时间和地点以及准备毛笔、墨和纸等物品。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：happy →delighted
为……做好准备：get ready for →be well prepared for
必要的：necessary →essential
提前：in advance →ahead of time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The class is usually held in Yifu building every Saturday afternoon from 2:30pm to 4:30pm.
拓展句：The class is usually held in Yifu building, which begins at 2:30pm and ends at 4:30pm every Saturday afternoon.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It happens that my school will offer an optional course on learning to paint in a traditional Chinese style.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】By the way, to get ready for the class, you need to prepare some necessary tools such as Chinese brush, ink, and paper in advance.（不定式短语作目的状语）备战2024年高考英语模拟卷04（天津卷）
第I卷
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—How about bringing my sister to your birthday party
—________ The more, the happier.
A．No way! B．Why not
C．So what D．Have a good time!
2．The truck driver had walked in the snow for three hours before he found lights________ the distance.
A．for B．at C．in D．from
3．There was no one else in the classroom, so he ______ it by himself.
A．should have done B．need have done C．must have done D．could have done
4．The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research.
A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request
5．To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ________ cycling as regular form of exercise after he retired.
A．took up B．caught on C．carried on D．made for
6．In modern times, many young people are _______ of being adults because they haven’t learnt how to be responsible for themselves, not to mention others.
A．starved B．scared C．intended D．tired
7．He said that he would ________ pass the exam, but he had to eat his words after failing the exam again.
A．definitely B．flexibly C．horribly D．energetically
8．I’m now writing __________ the classmates to invite you to come and attend our farewell party on Saturday.
A．in contrast to B．on behalf of C．in charge of D．in the shape of
9．The lady insisted that the young man ________ her wallet and that he should be sent to the police station at once.
A．had stolen B．steal C．has stolen D．stole
10．—What are you going to do this weekend
—I’m going to an exhibition of photographs which _____ these days.
A．will be held B．is holding C．will hold D．is being held
11．At the computer operation test, one is supposed to stay at his own machine, keep his eyes on his screen, ______ to anyone.
A．and not to speak B．but could not speak
C．instead of speaking D．or rather speak
12．The competitor never dreamed of ________for him to win the first prize in the 100-meter race.
A．there was a chance B．there being a chance
C．it being a chance D．it was a chance
13．It was at 3 in the morning ________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lot ________ in the ruins.
A．that; buried B．when; buried
C．that; burying D．when; burying
14．Linda walked through the door into the waiting area in the hospital, ________ there is always an atmosphere of boredom and tension.
A．when B．that C．which D．where
15．________, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
A．As long as I have traveled B．Now that I have traveled so much
C．Much as I have traveled D．As I have traveled so much
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
High school graduations are one of the most important moments in a teenager’s life. However, heading into the 16 on June 6th, David was stopped at the door by a gatekeeper. So you can imagine how 17 David was. Although his sneakers were not extremely unacceptable, David learned they were in 18 of the school’s dress code and he was 19 entry.
David was about to 20 his chance to walk across the stage with his classmate when he caught sight of a 21 face. Butler, a famous local educator, came to the graduation as a parent. Learning David’s unpleasant situation, he 22 the young man back to the entry to see if he could 23 the gatekeeper’s mind.
“I was hoping that she would let it go, but she 24 not letting this young man in, and I didn’t have time to 25 with her,” Butler said. “I wasn’t going to let him miss the most 26 moment in his life for anything.” Without missing a beat, Butler simply changed his 27 with David. Just as the 28 closed, David made it inside the hall. Eventually he 29 David from ruining his graduation day.
Although firstly 30 by the last-minute substitution, Butler’s family were thrilled that his quick thinking turned a very 31 situation into a joyful celebration. “I wasn’t 32 because Mr. Butler is always helpful,” a 33 parent of David’s said.
It’s said that a truly generous man will give the shirt off his back to someone 34 . Now it seems, the saying also 35 to the shoes off his feet.
16．A．festival B．conference C．ceremony D．exhibition
17．A．eager B．upset C．thrilled D．frightened
18．A．violation B．favor C．honor D．place
19．A．envied B．guaranteed C．allowed D．refused
20．A．destroy B．miss C．seize D．imagine
21．A．strange B．happy C．friendly D．serious
22．A．accompanied B．invited C．pushed D．directed
23．A．read B．draw C．relax D．change
24．A．agreed on B．complained about C．insisted on D．argued about
25．A．reason B．talk C．quarrel D．bargain
26．A．decisive B．unbelievable C．important D．appropriate
27．A．shirt B．gifts C．role D．shoes
28．A．event B．doors. C．school D．curtains
29．A．saved B．prevented C．benefited D．excused
30．A．annoyed B．entertained C．confused D．worried
31．A．sensitive B．urgent C．ridiculous D．ugly
32．A．surprised B．excited C．disappointed D．annoyed
33．A．considerate B．grateful C．loving D．proud
34．A．on end B．for dignity C．in need D．under control
35．A．contributes B．refers C．turns D．applies
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Are you worried about the planet and tired of waiting around for things to change Go ahead and take a closer look at the various options available to volunteer for the environment!
Sustainable Agriculture
If you decide to volunteer for a sustainable agriculture project, you’ll definitely learn some interesting sustainable farming techniques. You will be learning these techniques from locals or teaching them to the local farmers so they can implement these techniques on their own.
Best Places to Volunteer:
Central or South Africa, India, Nepal, Indonesia and the Philippines.
Marine (海洋的) Conservation
Volunteers for marine conservation should naturally be attracted to water. It’s important that you don’t fear diving and have a strong interest in learning to dive during your stay. While volunteering, your task as a volunteer will be to help research, maintain and grow the unique , marine biology.
Best Places to Volunteer:
The Bahamas, Cuba, Peru, South Africa, Indonesia, Spain and Italy.
Nature Conservation
Conservation projects are dedicated to protecting the natural environment of a specific location. Tasks here may vary greatly depending on the program but it will require volunteers to study the environment and learn about the local-wildlife species. You’ll be monitoring the environment and analyzing data while taking action to preserve the local species of plants and animals.
Best Places to Volunteer:
Madagascar, the Maldives, South Africa, New Zealand and Russia.
Renewable Energy and Water
Projects focused on energy and water create ways for communities to access sustainable energy and water sources. These programs are dedicated to designing system improvements and creating a sustainable supply of energy and water. It’s important for conservation volunteers to evaluate the needs of the community and implement actions to solve these issues.
Best Places to Volunteer:
Peru, Costa Rica, El Salvador, India and Cameroon.
● Requirements
With so many subcategories and such a wide array of organizations, the required skill set will vary for each program. English is the main language on all projects so it’s important that conservation volunteers have a good understanding of English. For projects in South America, you will find it helpful to have a basic knowledge of Spanish.
36．If you are interested in botanical creatures, you’re advised to join in the project of ________.
A．Sustainable Agriculture B．Marine Conservation
C．Nature Conservation D．Renewable Energy and Water
37．If you want to volunteer for three projects in the/same /country, which country is the best choice
A．Peru B．Indonesia C．South Africa D．India
38．What skill or interest is necessary for volunteering in marine conservation efforts ,
A．Willingness to learn to dive.
B．Capability to work independently.
C．Experience in nature photography>
D．Knowledge of agriculture techniques.
39．What should volunteers do in their voluntary work
A．Learning farming techniques by implementing these techniques on their own.
B．Studying the environment and perform the same natural conservation tasks.
C．Assessing the requirements of the community before implementing actions.
D．Signing up for marine conservation project even if they are afraid of the water;
40．What is required in common to be a volunteer in any of the above programs
A．Farming techniques B．Marine biology
C．Data analysis D．English language
B
It was a cold May morning when I received an intriguing (有趣的) email from an old high school friend inviting me to join a 10-day all-girls surf trip. I knew I had to say yes.
The trip seemed simple enough. Ten women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, gathered on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.
I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss seeking permission from him to make the once-in-a-life trip.
If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before. It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more and more about less and less.
Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really, really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.
I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira. Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a relentless desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow.
The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks. They make for softer waves but are difficult to navigate.
Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves. Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there. And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.
Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.
While surfing might not be my calling, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life, to step outside of my comfort zone and to never stop believing in myself. You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.
41．What motivated the author to join the surf trip to Portugal
A．Her love for surfing and improving existing skills.
B．Her desire to reconnect with a high school friend and make new friends.
C．Her passion for embracing challenges and exploring new places.
D．The chance to take a break in Portugal from work.
42．What is the author’s view on adults focusing on mastering one field
A．It blocks creativity and exploration. B．It is essential for career success.
C．It disturbs one’s work-life balance. D．It narrows one’s abilities.
43．Which of the following words best describe the author’s surfing experience
A．Tough but rewarding. B．Relaxing but unpredictable.
C．Difficult but interesting. D．Tiring but meaningful.
44．What can be inferred about the author
A．She discovered her true calling atter the trip.
B．She used to lack confidence in herself.
C．She became more willing to challenge herself.
D．She went on to become an expert surfer.
45．What wisdom did the author gain from the experience with surfing
A．The need to seek professional training in all new skills.
B．The value of pushing your limits and running the risk of something unpleasant.
C．The benefit of exploring new places with unknown companions.
D．The importance of being an expert in on field.
C
Reports have emerged recently of cows being fed supplements (补充剂) obtained from palm oil (棕榈油) to increase the butterfat content of milk. The practice partly responds to the increasing demand for butter during the pandemic when the number of milk cows has not increased accordingly. Thus, palmitic acid supplements, obtained from imported palm oil are given to cows.
According to Dairy (乳品业的) Farmers of Canada(DFC), it is used in other countries as well to “provide energy to cows without undesirable effects”. Experts of DFC guarantee that the milk products are safe and that the amounts of supplements used are very small. But based on Canadians’ concern over the link between butter and palm oil, it appears more complicated. Lots of Canadians have been deliberately trying to avoid palm oil in diets, only to realize that palm oil is being used in the dairy industry.
People are concerned about the nutrition question, for too much palmitic acid is associated with heart disease. Besides, palm fats change the taste of milk, which is a headache for many food producers. But those are not what disturb me. In fact, palm oil has a bad reputation for driving deforestation, particularly in Southeast Asia, which produces 85% of the world’s palm oil supply. The rapid expansion of palm oil has destroyed habitats for many wild animals. Fires are set to replace jungles with palm trees, polluting the air, and some are impossible to put out.
Despite the harmful effects palm oil may bring about, palm oil is found in roughly 50% of the products sold in supermarkets. It is cheap to produce and stays solid at room temperature, making it perfect for baked and packaged foods. It has a high cooking temperature and smoke point, providing smooth mouthfeel. It’s also added to make-up, cleaning products, chocolate, fuels, and more.
Some organizations are making efforts to clean up the palm oil industry through various practices. Big brands are formally warned when their palm oil suppliers engage in illegal expansion, which in turn has driven them to take action, even if their action seems inadequate currently. There’s hope on the horizon, but the palm oil industry is still one I won’t give support to.
46．Why are cows fed supplements made from palm oil
A．To get more palmitic acid. B．To cut down the expense of feed.
C．To protect cows against diseases. D．To meet the demand for butter.
47．What can be known from Paragraph 2
A．Increased supplements lead to less milk. B．Canadians care little about the dairy industry
C．The public are dependent on experts’ advice. D．DFC’s guarantee receives no desired result.
48．Why is the author anxious about the use of palm oil
A．For the potential health risks. B．For the environmental concerns.
C．For the low output of palm trees. D．For the waste of food resources.
49．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about concerning palm oil
A．Why it is badly needed. B．How it boosts the food industry.
C．What industrial development it leads to. D．How it is produced.
50．What is the author’s attitude towards some organizations and big brands’ action
A．Indifferent. B．Critical. C．Favorable. D．Objective.
D
Culture can affect not just language and customs, but also how people experience the world on surprisingly basic levels.
Researchers, with the help of brain scans, have uncovered shocking differences in perception (感知) between Westerners and Asians, what they see when they look at a city street, for example, or even how they perceive a simple line in a square, according to findings published in a leading science journal.
In western countries, culture makes people think of themselves as highly independent individuals. When looking at scenes, Westerners tend to focus more on central objects than on their surroundings. East Asian cultures, however, emphasize inter-dependence. When Easterners look at a scene, they tend to focus on surroundings as well as the object.
Using an experiment involving two tasks, Dr Hedden asked subjects to look at a line simply to estimate its length, a task that is played to American strengths. In another, they estimated the line’s length relative to the size of a square, an easier task for the Asians. The level of brain activity, by tracking blood flow, was then measured by Brain Scanners. The experiment found that although there was no difference in performance, and the tasks were very easy, the levels of activity in the subjects’ brains were different. For the Americans, areas linked to attention lit up more, when they worked on the task they tended to find more difficult — estimating the line’s length relative to the square. For the Asians, the attention areas lit up more during the harder task also — estimating the line’s length without comparing it to the square. The findings are a reflection of more than ten years of previous experimental research into east-west differences.
In one study, for instance, researchers offered people a choice among five pens; four red and one green. Easterners were more likely to choose a red pen while Westerners were more likely’ to choose the green one.
Culture is not affecting how you see the world, but how you choose to understand and internalize it. But such habits can be changed. Some psychological studies suggest that when an Easterner goes to the West or vice versa, habits of thought and perception also begin to change. Such research gives us clues on how our brain works and is hopeful for us to develop programs to improve our memory, memory techniques and enhance and accelerate our learning skills.
51．According to the passage, Chinese people are most likely to ___.
A．more emphasize independent thinking
B．always focus more on their surroundings
C．think of Westerners as highly independent individuals
D．focus more on the context as well as the object
52．We know from the passage that people’s brains will be more active when ___.
A．the task is much easier B．the blood flow is tracked
C．the task is more difficult D．people begin to choose colors
53．What do the findings of the experiment mentioned in the 4th paragraph indicate
A．They indicate that culture has a great impact on the way people talk and behave.
B．They show that Easterners and Westerners have great differences in perceiving the world.
C．They suggest that people’s habits of thought and-perception can be changed in different cultures.
D．They make it clear that Easterners and Westerners lay emphasis on different things.
54．It can be inferred from the passage that ____.
A．Easterners prefer collectivism to individualism
B．East Asian cultures lay more emphasis on independence
C．It took over ten years to find out how to improve our brainpower
D．Americans will change their habits of perception when they’re in Britain
55．Which of the following will be the best title of the passage
A．Chinese culture: why it has an advantage over Western culture
B．Western culture and Chinese culture: which will be more suitable for us
C．Western culture and Chinese culture: why we should learn from both
D．Western culture vs. Chinese culture
第II卷
第三部分：写作
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
Yesterday my parents were heading off on a little holiday and I took them to the train station, the rain was pouring down.
I got their luggage out, helped them get to the elevator and sent them on their way. As I was walking back to the parking lot, I saw an elderly man walking slowly toward the bus station. Obviously, he had no umbrella. I walked over and asked him where he was going. It turned out that he was heading to the same town as I was, just a 15-minute drive. I offered him a lift which he gratefully accepted.
We had a lovely chat on the way and I learned some of his history. He was 87 and heading to the nursing home he had just put his beloved wife in last week. He had his driving license taken away last year so he had to take public transport every day. A tear fell down his cheek as he told me about his wife. I tried to hold back my own tears but failed.
As I dropped him off at the entrance of the nursing home, I gave him the bunch of flowers I had in the car which I had given to my mom on Mother’s Day. I would much rather see the flowers indulged in by him and his wife than just take them back home. Tears rolled down his cheeks and he thanked me gratefully. As I made my way back to my car, I totally lost control of my emotions and cried like a baby. I just felt that all the stars shone for some reason and I was meant to meet him today. I was very glad to be able to help him in some way.
56．What was the purpose of the author’s visit to the train station (no more than 10 words)
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57．What was the elderly man going to do (no more than 10 words)
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58．How did the author feel about the elderly man (no more than 5 words)
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59．What does the underlined phrase “indulged in” in Paragraph 4 probably mean (1 word)
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60．What do you think of the author And give your reasons. (no more than 25 words)
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第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61．假定你是李津，你的美国朋友Peter下学期将作为交换生来你校学习，他想学习传统中国画，询问你校是否有开设的选修课程。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
(1)学校开设中国画课程;
(2)上课时间和地点;
(3)准备物品：毛笔、墨和纸等。
参考词汇：选修课 optional course;毛笔 Chinese brush
注意：1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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