2019-2023年英语高考真题分类练--专题四 语法填空（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2019-2023年英语高考真题分类
专题四 语法填空
题组一
Cloze 1 [2023新课标卷Ⅰ, 15分]
Xiao long bao（soup dumplings）, those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 1 （taste） soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2 （bite） a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill（溢出）, 3 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue（舌头）.
Shanghai may be the 4 （recognize） home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. There, you'll find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup — and the wrappers are pressed 5 hand rather than rolled.
Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 6 （lift） out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 7 （they） contents. The meat should be fresh with 8 touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 9 （rare） enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 10 （want） more next time.
Cloze 2 [2023新课标卷Ⅱ, 15分]
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 1 （arrive） of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2 （confidence） speaking English. And who do they speak English 3
Not the pandas, even though 4 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5 （visit） Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
They also need to be ready to give 6 （interview） in English with international journalists. This is 7 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 8 （basic）, how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10 （wish） to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
题组二
Cloze 1 [2023全国卷乙, 15分]
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2 （build） system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 （wonder） standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast（反差） that shouldn't work, 5 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6 （visit） several times over the last 10 years, I 7 （amaze） by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage（遗产） while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8 （record） everything I discovered.
The 9 （remark） development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10 （mean） there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
Cloze 2 [2023全国卷甲, 15分]
For thousands of years, people have told fables（寓言）1 （teach） a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the2 （six） century B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3 as Rachel Carson says in "A Fable for Tomorrow."
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone （口吻） are seemingly directed at children. "There was once a town in the heart of America 4 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings," her fable begins, 5 （borrow） some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6 （intend） for everyone.
7 （difference） from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8 saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9 （warn） about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10 （employ）today to draw attention to important truths.
题组三
Cloze 1 [2023浙江1月，15分]
During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 1 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term "hutong", 2 （original） meaning "water well" in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 3 （surround） in concentric（同心的） circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 4 （permit） to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5 （feature） beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars（柱子）. The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 6 （space） homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7 （simple） in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 8 the capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9 （event）. In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 10 culture of grassroots Beijingers.
Cloze 2 [2022新高考卷Ⅰ，15分]
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park （GPNP）.1 （cover） an area about three times 2 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3 （be） previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4 （increase） effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5 （design） to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity （完整性） of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,
6 leaving behind precious natural assets （资产） for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7 （population） and homes of giant pandas, and 8 （eventual） achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9 an umbrella species（物种）， bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
题组四
Cloze 1 [2022新高考卷Ⅱ，15分]
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony （阳台）, Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the1 （fall） child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
2 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell3 （sleep） while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up4 （see） them. When he looked down, he5 （accidental ） slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes6 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry7 （fix） his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly8 （throw） his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
"He saved my9 （son） life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know10 to thank him."
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
Cloze 2 [2022全国卷乙，15分]
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day， which was named officially 1 the United Nations on November 27th， 2019.To celebrate 2 festival， a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3 （address） the opening ceremony. "As a main promoter of the International Tea Day， the birthplace of tea and the 4 （large） tea-producing country， China has a 5 （responsible） to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6 （share） future for mankind，" he said.
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued（发布） at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion — Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
8 （strengthen） the connection with young people， the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media， 9 （invite） twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled（揭幕） at the ceremony， opening 10 （it） first exhibition： The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
题组五
Cloze 1 [2022全国卷甲，15分]
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked（徒步） 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 1 （journey） the Belt and Road route（路线） by foot.
On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3 （hold） in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute（致敬） to the ancient Silk Road. 4 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental
5 （protect）. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6 （meaning）. The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 7 （walk） through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8 （high） mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 9 Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20, 10 （plan） to hike back to Xi'an in five months.
Cloze 2 [2022浙江，15分]
To understand a painting, we're taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 1 （appreciate） by someone who's blind Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 2 （do）. John Olson, a former 3 （photograph）, and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
The tactile （可触知的） paintings work as a way to show art to 4 blind because we don't see with just our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity — the brain's adaptability — shows that the visual cortex （大脑皮层）is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 5 （exist） senses, in a way similar to that of 6 （sight） people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, who's now thirteen, went blind suddenly 7 age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa", he 8 （notice） her smile right away. "I can actually feel what you see when you look at it," he said.
For Luc, this means 9 （independent）. "The feeling of being able to see it 10 to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person."
题组六
Cloze 1 [2022浙江1月，15分]
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 1 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like — frequently by plane — 2 （view）as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 3 （be） now questioning that idea — pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and 4 （change） their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 5 （rough） 200 academics — many of them climate scientists —6 （promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 7 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 8 time, they agreed. When the answer was no, she declined the 9 （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 10 （continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding," she says — "a really positive change."
Cloze 2 [2021新高考卷Ⅰ，15分]
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 2 （human） are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 （undoubted） help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 4 （hot） the spring! Strange, isn't it But that's how nature is — always leaving us 5 （astonish）.
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 （be） for the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure7 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your8 （ache） legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 9 （I）. While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 10 a must to visit!
题组七
Cloze 1 [2021新高考卷Ⅱ，15分]
I've always loved the ocean. In the1 （seven） grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 2 （think） it is food.
I decided to do something 3 （educate） people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 4 used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company 5 emailed its president. I told him how 6 （harm） plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so 7 （excite） when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to 8 （be） Alaska Airlines. A company 9 （represent） wrote back and told me the airline was switching over 10 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
Cloze 2 [2021全国卷乙，15分]
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响） travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 （educate） about the areas — both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 2 （develop） of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 3 （it） origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to 5 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 6 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
●Minimize the impact of 7 （visit） the place.
●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
●Provide8 （finance） aid and other benefits for local peoples.
●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 9 （activity） there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim 10 （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
题组八
Cloze 1 [2021全国卷甲，15分]
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 1 （build） originally to protect the city 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored （修复）. It is possible 3 （walk） or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 4 （spend） some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5 （good） than to ride on a piece of history!
We 6 （hire） our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9 （watchtower） to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 （day） routines.
Cloze 2 [2021浙江，15分]
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 1 （prove） irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored（修复） to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it 2 $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 3 （marry） ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 4 （small） than it is today. Mary's niece wrote， "The little home 5 （paint） white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 6 （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order."
Although Mary loved flowers, 7 she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 8 （plant） flowers in the front yard.
9 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10 （sell） most of their furniture.
题组九
Cloze 1 [2021浙江1月，15分]
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index （体重指数） across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 1 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3 （person） weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 4 （consider）healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 6 （be） 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described "striking changes" in the geography of BMI. In 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 7 （study） had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 （sharp）.
This may be due to some disadvantages for people 9 （live） in the countryside，including 10 （low） levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
Cloze 2 [2020新高考卷Ⅰ，15分]
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps， postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th centuries, 1 （wealth） people travelled and collected plants， historical objects and works of art. They kept their collection at home until it got too big 2 until they died， and then it was given to a museum. The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane， for example, 3 （form） the core collection of the British Museum 4 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 5 （call） galleries or rooms. Often， only a small part of a museum's collection 6 （be） on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits， visitors can play with computer simulations（模拟） and imagine 7 （they） living at a different time in history or8 （walk） through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York， the city's Viking settlement is recreated， and people experience the sights，sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 9 （accurate） is important but so is entertainment. Museums must compete 10 people's spare time and money with other amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
题组十
Cloze 1 [2020新高考卷Ⅱ，15分]
These days, it is not unusual for 10- to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 1 （begin） computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 2 （education） computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 3 （require） for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 4 （profession）.
The Digital World is a set of volumes 5 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 6 wide range of materials, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 7 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 8 （be） practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 9 （encourage） to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 10 （we） Further Resources section featured in each volume.
Cloze 2 [2020全国卷Ⅰ，15分]
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe（探测器） — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess — 1 （touch） down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon's far side is 2 （extreme）challenging. Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe， China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 3 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 4 （interesting） to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters（环形山），more so 5 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang'e-4 6 （find） and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists，"Carle Pieters， a scientist at Brown University， says， "because it 7 （mean）we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 8 （construct）."Data about the moon's composition， such as how 9 ice and other treasures it contains， could help China decide whether 10 （it） plans for a future lunar（月球的） base are practical.
题组十一
Cloze 1 [2020全国卷Ⅱ，15分]
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a1 （celebrate） marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 2 （carry） special significance. They represent the earth 3 （come） back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more 4 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 5 （decorate） with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their "Lucky Bamboo" plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices.6 （certain） during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 7 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 8 （care） for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms（梅花）: The 9 （beauty） long branches covered with pink-colored buds（蓓蕾） make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 10 first to flower even as the snow is melting（融化）. They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
Cloze 2 [2020全国卷Ⅲ，15分]
In ancient China lived an artist 1 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像） done so he called all great artists to come and present their 2 （fine） work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 3 （choose）, but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River — perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 4 （curious）, the artist packed his bags and left. 5 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的） artist, they smiled and 6 （point） down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 7 （find） the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 8 （gentle） along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 9 （surround） the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled（谦卑） by the greatest artist 10 earth, Mother Nature.
题组十二
Cloze 1 [2020浙江，15分]
Some time after 10000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 1 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years， they began to depend less on 2 could be hunted or gathered from the wild， and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 3 hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food 4 （need）.Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 5 （change） lives.
By about 6000 BC, people 6 （discover） the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later, they learned to work with the 7 （season）, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8 （make） use of annual floods to irrigate（灌溉） their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with 9 rise of science, changes began. New methods 10 （mean） that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so, these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥） have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
Cloze 2 [2020浙江1月，15分]
Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median（中间的）age of an American in 1950 1 （be）30 — today it is 41 and is expected 2 （increase）to 42 by 2050. For Japan，the 3 （number）are more striking — 22 in 1950，46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015，one in 12 people around the world were over 65；by 2050，it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven 4 two factors. The first is declining birth rates，which means old generations are larger 5 （compare）to younger generations，and so, on average，the population becomes 6 （old）than before. This is 7 （particular）true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8 very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However，greater attention should 9 （place）on longevity（长寿）. It isn't just that people are，on average，living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier 10 more productive for longer. Therefore，they can work longer，consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
题组十三
Cloze 1 [2019全国卷Ⅰ，15分]
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 （poor） studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 4 （perform） consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 5 （report） increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 （believe） that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 （note） that hungry bears may be congregating （聚集） around human settlements, leading to the illusion （错觉） that populations are 8 （high） than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10 （be）stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
Cloze 2 [2019全国卷Ⅱ，15分]
A 90-year-old has been awarded "Woman Of The Year" for 1 （be） Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3 （final） been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名） her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award, proud Irene 4 （declare） she had no plans5 （retire） from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, "I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 （make）over the years. I work not because I have to,7 because I want to."
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31 — who works alongside her in the family business — said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, "We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 8 （say） she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 10 （wonder）."
题组十四
Cloze 1 [2019全国卷Ⅲ，15分]
On our way to the house, it was raining 1 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 2 （get） there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5 （recommend） wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya（木瓜） and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6 （compete） to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 7 （tradition） stories about Hawaii that were 8 （huge） popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9 （invite） to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,10 （listen） to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
Cloze 2 [2019浙江，15分]
There are several reasons why school uniforms are a good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody 1 （have） to worry about fashion （时尚）.Everybody wears 2 same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways. A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 3 gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or 4 （cycle） to school on dark mornings, car drivers can 5 （easy） see them.
But can uniforms help improve school standards The answer 6 this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades 7 （improve） a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want 8 （wear） the uniform. Other American studies showed no 9 （connect） between uniforms and school performance.
School uniforms are 10 （tradition） in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.
专题四 语法填空
题组一
Cloze 1 [2023新课标卷Ⅰ, 15分]
Xiao long bao（soup dumplings）, those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 1 tasty （taste） soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 2 to bite （bite） a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill（溢出）, 3 or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue（舌头）.
Shanghai may be the 4 recognized （recognize） home of the soup dumpling, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. There, you'll find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup — and the wrappers are pressed 5 by hand rather than rolled.
Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 6 to be lifted （lift） out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 7 their （they） contents. The meat should be fresh with 8 a touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 9 rarely （rare） enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 10 wanting （want） more next time.
1. tasty
[解析]考查形容词。空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup，故空处填形容词tasty。
【归纳总结】以-y结尾的形容词小结：
①一般情况下，直接加-y。如：healthy,lucky,dirty,messy, cloudy,rainy等。
②重读闭音节的单词要双写尾字母，再加-y。如：sunny,foggy,muddy等。
③去结尾的e再加-y。如：juicy，icy，noisy，tasty等。
④特殊记hungry和angry，在加-y前先去中间的e。
2. to bite
[解析]考查非谓语动词。此处考查"whether+不定式"结构，空处与下文的to put是并列关系。
3. or
[解析]考查连词。句意：要吃一个小笼包，你必须决定是先把小笼包咬个小口，把热气释放出来，冒着汤汁溢出来的风险，还是把整个包子塞进嘴里，让热汤在你的舌头上爆开。根据句意可知，此处为"whether...or..."结构，表示"是……还是……"，为固定搭配。
4. recognized
[解析]考查非谓语动词。此处表示"得到认可的小笼包的发源地"。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词home，且与home之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填过去分词recognized。
5. by
[解析]考查介词。by hand"用手工",是固定搭配。故填by。
6. to be lifted
[解析]考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的xiao long bao, 此处表示"小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来"。them与lift是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处构成allow sth. to be done结构，意为"允许某事被做"，故空处填to be lifted。
【易错点拨】 以往的高考语法填空每空所填答案一般不超过两个单词，本题需要填三个单词，这在高考语法填空题中是首次出现，属于反套路命题。这就告诉同学们要加强对必备知识的深入理解和掌握，以扎实的基本功迎接"万变"。
7. their
[解析]考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后的名词contents，表示"不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子里的任何东西"。
8. a
[解析]考查冠词。句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味；汤汁要热、清澈并且美味。a touch of"少许，微量"，是固定搭配。
9. rarely
[解析]考查副词。此处enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故填rarely"几乎不"。
10. wanting
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查"leave sb. doing sth."结构，表示"使我想着下次多吃点"。
解读：本文介绍中国的特色小吃小笼包，包括其吃法、发源地等。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
小笼包 0 4 2 0 1 1 1 1 188 ★★
Cloze 2 [2023新课标卷Ⅱ, 15分]
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 1 arrival （arrive） of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2 confident （confidence） speaking English. And who do they speak English 3 to/with
Not the pandas, even though 4 the language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 5 visiting（visit） Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
They also need to be ready to give 6 interviews（interview） in English with international journalists. This is 7 why they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 8 Basically（basic）, how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 9 and to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 10 wished （wish） to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
1. arrival
[解析]考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词before的宾语，跟在定冠词the的后面，需要用arrive的名词形式。故填arrival。
【归纳总结】 以-ve结尾的动词在变名词时，一般会将词尾的-e变为-al，如：survive（生存，存活）→survival；remove（移走，去掉）→removal；approve（赞成，同意）→approval。
2. confident
[解析]考查形容词。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与空前的形容词comfortable并列，同作feel的表语，因此，空处也需要填形容词。故填confident。
3. to/with
[解析]考查介词。根据下文中的"Not the pandas...They talk to the flood of international tourists"可知，此处的意思是"他们和谁说英语呢"。故填to/with。
4. the
[解析]考查冠词。空后为可数名词单数language，因此，空处考虑使用冠词起限定作用，根据language后的"used for the medical training instructions"可知，此处表特指，故填定冠词the。
5. visiting
[解析]考查非谓语动词。句意：他们要和蜂拥而来的国际游客，以及来访的中国动物园管理员交谈。这些动物园管理员会经常来为从中国借来的大熊猫做检查。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处作前置定语，修饰空后的"Chinese zookeepers"，visit与Chinese zookeepers之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填visiting。
6. interviews
[解析]考查名词复数。 分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾语，需要用名词。根据空后的"with international journalists"（和国际记者）可知，空处表示复数意义，故填interviews。
7. why
[解析]考查表语从句。句意：他们还需要随时准备好接受国际记者的英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语老师的原因。根据句意可知，此处考查固定句型"This is why..."，故填why。
8. Basically
[解析]考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词。由于本空位于句首，首字母需要大写，故填Basically。
【归纳总结】 以-ic结尾的形容词在变副词时，一般会将词尾的-ic变为-ically，如：academic（学术的）→academically；dramatic（激动人心的，引人注目的）→dramatically；economic（经济的，经济上的）→economically；scientific（科学的）→scientifically。
9. and
[解析]考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的"to watch...develop"和空后的"to see...home"结构相似，空处考虑使用连词。结合句意"能够关注大熊猫项目的发展并看着大熊猫在新的住处安顿下来是一种荣幸"可知，空处前后是语意上的并列关系，故填and。
10. wished
[解析]考查动词时态。 根据空前的"As a little girl"和空后的"when I grew up""Now, I'm living out that dream"可知，空处讲的是作者小时候的愿望，所以时态应用一般过去时，故填wished。
解读：本文主要讲述了"我"教熊猫饲养员英语的经历。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
"我"教熊猫饲养员英语 1 1 2 2 1 2 0 1 194 ★★
题组二
Cloze 1 [2023全国卷乙, 15分]
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1 to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2 built （build） system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 that/which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 wonders （wonder） standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast（反差） that shouldn't work, 5 but/yet somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6 Having visited （visit） several times over the last 10 years, I 7 was amazed （amaze） by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage（遗产） while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8 recording （record） everything I discovered.
The 9 remarkable （remark） development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10 means （mean） there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
1. to
[解析]考查介词。from...to..."从……到……"，是固定用法。
2. built
[解析]考查非谓语动词。此处表示"这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统"。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处在此作定语，修饰其后的system，且build与system之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填built。
3. that/which
[解析]考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为place，指物，故填that/which。
4. wonders
[解析]考查名词。wonder在此表示"奇迹，奇观"，是可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用复数。故填wonders。
5. but/yet
[解析]考查连词。根据语境可知，前后分句间是转折关系，故填but/yet。
6. Having visited
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在此作非谓语，且visit与句子的主语I之间为主谓关系；再根据句中的状语"several times over the last 10 years"可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故填Having visited。
7. was amazed
[解析]考查动词时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处在此作谓语。I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；再根据本句中的"was able to"可知，应用一般过去时。故填was amazed。
8. recording
[解析]考查非谓语动词。此处考查"spend some time （in） doing something"结构，意为"花费时间做某事"。故填recording。
9. remarkable
[解析]考查形容词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development，应用形容词。故填remarkable"非凡的，卓越的"。
10. means
[解析]考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作主句的谓语。主句主语的中心词为development，且此处陈述的是现在的情况，故谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填 means。
解读：本文主要介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化建筑之间的独特结合，北京在不断发展的同时保持其丰富的遗产。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
北京市 2 3 1 1 1 2 0 0 176 ★★
Cloze 2 [2023全国卷甲, 15分]
For thousands of years, people have told fables（寓言）1 to teach（teach） a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop's fables date to the2 sixth（six） century B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3 as Rachel Carson says in "A Fable for Tomorrow."
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone （口吻） are seemingly directed at children. "There was once a town in the heart of America 4 where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings," her fable begins, 5 borrowing （borrow） some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6 intended（intend） for everyone.
7 Different（difference） from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8 for saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9 warning （warn） about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 10 be employed（employ）today to draw attention to important truths.
1. to teach
[解析]考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空处与or后的to pass并列作目的状语，故填to teach。
2. sixth
[解析]考查序数词。此处表示"公元前六世纪"，根据空前的定冠词the和空后的名词century可知，空处应填序数词sixth。
3. as
[解析]考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明天的寓言》中所说的那样，这种寓言形式今天仍然有价值。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，表示"正如"，故填as。
4. where
[解析]考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导限制性定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
5. borrowing
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，begins是句子的谓语动词，空处为非谓语作状语，且与逻辑主语her fable之间是主谓关系，故填现在分词borrowing。
6. intended
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，is是句子谓语动词，空处为非谓语作后置定语。be intended for是固定用法，故填过去分词intended。
7. Different
[解析]考查形容词。be different from"与……不同"，是固定短语，此处作状语，去掉be动词，且空处位于句首，单词首字母要大写，故填Different。
8. for
[解析]考查介词。take responsibility for"对……负责"，是固定短语。
9. warning
[解析]考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是一个更有分量的关于环境破坏的警告。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空前有冠词和形容词修饰，空处表示"警告"。故填名词warning。
10. be employed
[解析]考查动词语态。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。主语a simple literary form和动词employ"运用"之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。空前是情态动词，故填be employed。
解读：卡森借助传统寓言的风格传递严肃的教育意义，教导人们承担起拯救环境的责任。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
寓言 1 3 1 1 1 2 0 1 194 ★★
题组三
Cloze 1 [2023浙江1月，15分]
During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 1 and arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term "hutong", 2 originally （original） meaning "water well" in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 3 surrounded （surround） in concentric（同心的） circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 4 were permitted （permit） to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 5 featured （feature） beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars（柱子）. The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 6 spacious （space） homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 7 simpler/more simple （simple） in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 8 as the capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 9 events （event）. In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 10 the culture of grassroots Beijingers.
1. and
[解析]考查并列连词。语境为帝王规划了北京城并按照社会阶级安排了人们的居住区域。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，planned 和arranged 并列作谓语，所填词连接两个并列的谓语动词，表示"和，并且"，故填and。
2. originally
[解析]考查副词。空处所填词修饰非谓语动词meaning，作状语，故应用副词originally。
3. surrounded
[解析]考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词was，故空处应为非谓语动词；结合句意"在明朝，中心就是紫禁城，它被内城和外城包围，形成同心圆的样貌"可知，surround与the Forbidden City构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故填surrounded。
4. were permitted
[解析]考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据空前的"In the Ming Dynasty"可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时；较高社会阶层的人"被允许"居住在离同心圆的中心（即紫禁城）更近的地方，故用被动语态；主语Citizens是复数。故填were permitted。
【易错点拨】 permit, commit, submit变过去式、过去分词和现在分词时均要双写字母t。
5. featured
[解析]考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，carved和painted均为过去分词，在句中作定语，空处在此作谓语。联系上下文可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，故填featured。
【技巧点拨】 feature的常用义为"n.特色"。在此处feature作动词，表示"以……为特色"。当提示词词性不唯一，且词义较多时，准确判断其词性和词义是解题关键。
6. spacious
[解析]考查形容词。空处修饰空后的名词homes，应用形容词，故填spacious（宽敞的）。
7. simpler/more simple
[解析]考查形容词比较级。空处与空前的smaller相呼应，表示在设计和装饰方面更简单，故填simpler/more simple。
8. as
[解析]考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示北京作为中国的首都，故空处填as。
9. events
[解析]考查名词的数。此处表示几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有些还和历史事件有关。event"事件"，是可数名词，其前无冠词修饰，且根据句意可知，历史事件肯定不止一件，故应用其复数形式events。
10. the
[解析]考查冠词。此处特指草根北京人的文化，故空处填the。
解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了北京胡同的起源、布局和文化内涵。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
北京胡同 2 1 3 1 1 1 0 1 185 ★★
Cloze 2 [2022新高考卷Ⅰ，15分]
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park （GPNP）.1 Covering（cover） an area about three times 2 the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3 were（be） previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4 to increase（increase） effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 5 is designed（design） to reflect the guiding principle of "protecting the authenticity and integrity （完整性） of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 6 and leaving behind precious natural assets （资产） for future generations". The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 7 populations （population） and homes of giant pandas, and 8 eventually （eventual） achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9 as an umbrella species（物种）， bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10 that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
1. Covering
[解析]考查非谓语动词。该句谓语部分为will be，故此处应该用非谓语动词作状语；cover与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词形式作伴随状语。
2. the
[解析]考查冠词。这里考查倍数表达法"倍数+the size of+名词"，表示"……的大小的几倍大"。
3. were
[解析]考查时态和主谓一致。本空所在定语从句的主语，即关系代词that，指代前面的a significant number of areas，这个短语作主语时，谓语动词的数应该与复数名词areas保持一致；空后的previously unprotected表明这个定语从句叙述的是过去发生的事。因此填were。
4. to increase
[解析]考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处在句中作目的状语，表示"以便提高管理的有效性并降低不一致性"。
5. is designed
[解析]考查时态、语态和主谓一致。GPNP作主语，谓语动词用单数形式；大熊猫国家公园与design之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；结合语境可知此处叙述的是现在的客观情况，用一般现在时。故填is designed。
6. and
[解析]考查连词。通过句子中的"protecting ..., preserving ..., protecting ..., leaving"可以看出，这里需要用并列连词来连接多个并列成分，因此填and。
7. populations
[解析]考查名词复数。population在这里表示"种群"，是可数名词，由空前的separate可知应填名词复数populations。
8. eventually
[解析]考查副词。该空修饰动词achieve，应填所给词的副词形式eventually。
9. as
[解析]考查介词。动词短语serve as在此处表示"起作用,产生效果"。
10. that
[解析]考查定语从句。先行词"the species"指物，并且其前有all修饰，故此处宜用关系代词that。
【易错点拨】 本题易误填which，在引导限制性定语从句时，which与that在大多数情况下可以互换，但当先行词被all, no, very, any, little, much等修饰时，只能用that，不用which。
解读：本文介绍了中国筹建的大熊猫国家公园的相关情况。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
大熊猫国家公园建立计划 2 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 195 ★★
题组四
Cloze 1 [2022新高考卷Ⅱ，15分]
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony （阳台）, Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the1 falling（fall） child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK.
2 The Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell3 asleep（sleep） while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up4 to see（see） them. When he looked down, he5 accidentally（accidental ） slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes6 and screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry7 was fixing（fix） his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly8 threw（throw） his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
"He saved my9 son's（son） life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know10 how to thank him."
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
1. falling
[解析]考查非谓语动词。该空修饰名词child,由于child与fall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，同时此处表示动作正在进行，故填现在分词falling。
2. The
[解析]考查冠词。"the+姓氏的单数名词+family"表示整个家庭或家族，同时该空位于句首，首字母应该大写，故填The。
3. asleep
[解析]考查形容词。设空处应该用形容词作表语。sleep为动词，应该用形容词asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为"入睡"，故填asleep。
4. to see
[解析]考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处应该使用不定式作目的状语,故填to see。
5. accidentally
[解析]考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用副词修饰动词slipped，故填accidentally。
6. and
[解析]考查连词。句中hung on和screamed两个动作应为并列关系，故用连词and。
7. was fixing
[解析]考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句是"be doing...when..."固定句型，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语Henry为第三人称单数，故填was fixing。
8. threw
[解析]考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处与后面的started构成并列谓语，故填threw。
【易错点拨】 throw的过去式和过去分词分别为threw，thrown；变化规则类似的还有：grow→grew→grown；know→knew→known。
9. son's
[解析]考查名词所有格。根据句意可知，life与所给出的son之间是所属关系，故应用名词所有格son's。
10. how
[解析]考查特殊疑问词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用"特殊疑问词+动词不定式"作宾语,再结合句意可知，应填how。
解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了正在修车的Henry及时救下了从阳台坠落的小孩的故事。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
救助从阳台坠落的小孩 2 2 3 1 0 1 0 1 203 ★★
Cloze 2 [2022全国卷乙，15分]
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day， which was named officially 1 by the United Nations on November 27th， 2019.To celebrate 2 the festival， a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 3 addressed （address） the opening ceremony. "As a main promoter of the International Tea Day， the birthplace of tea and the 4 largest （large） tea-producing country， China has a 5 responsibility （responsible） to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 6 shared （share） future for mankind，" he said.
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued（发布） at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 7 and cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion — Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
8 To strengthen（strengthen） the connection with young people， the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media， 9 inviting （invite） twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled（揭幕） at the ceremony， opening 10 its （it） first exhibition： The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
1. by
[解析]考查介词。此处从句中谓语动词的被动语态结构为was named by..."由……命名"。
2. the
[解析]考查冠词。此处特指上文提到过的 "the first International Tea Day",故用定冠词"the"。
3. addressed
[解析]考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文中的"took place"可知，时态应用一般过去时；address"对……发表演说"与主语"chairman"构成主动关系。故填addressed。
【归纳总结】address一词多义：
address既可作名词，表示"地址，住址；演讲，演说"，也可作动词，常用的含义有：1.写姓名地址；2.演说，演讲（其后常跟meeting，conference）；3.向……说话；4.设法解决，处理（相当于deal with）。
4. largest
[解析]考查最高级。"tea-producing country"前应用形容词修饰，提示词为形容词，且空前有定冠词"the"，再结合常识可知，应用形容词的最高级。
5. responsibility
[解析]考查名词。根据空前的不定冠词"a"可知，此处填名词"responsibility"。
6. shared
[解析]考查形容词。根据空前的"a"和空后的名词"future"可知，此处应用形容词，share与future为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式的形容词shared"共同的"。
7. and
[解析]考查连词。根据句意可知，此处意为"促进国际合作与文化交流"，故应用and。
8. To strengthen
[解析]考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应用不定式表示目的。
9. inviting
[解析]考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词"included"，提示词与"the event"之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处用提示词"invite"的现在分词形式作状语。
10. its
[解析]考查代词。"first exhibition"前应用所给词的形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。
解读：本文主要介绍了在北京晋商博物馆举办的一系列庆祝由联合国设立的首个"国际茶日"的活动。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
国际茶日 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 200 ★★
题组五
Cloze 1 [2022全国卷甲，15分]
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked（徒步） 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step 1 to journey（journey） the Belt and Road route（路线） by foot.
On the 1,100-kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 2 who lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 3 held（hold） in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute（致敬） to the ancient Silk Road. 4 A friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 5 protection （protect）. Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 6 meaningful （meaning）. The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 7 has walked （walk） through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's 8 highest （high） mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4,700 kilometers 9 from Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20, 10 planning（plan） to hike back to Xi'an in five months.
1. to journey
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是hiked，空处应填非谓语动词。名词step前面有序数词first修饰，因此空处应用不定式作后置定语，故填to journey。
【熟词新义】journey常用义为"n.旅行，行程"，此处用作动词，表示"旅行"，相当于travel。
2. who
[解析]考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示人的名词，关系词在从句中充当主语，故填who。
3. held
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是decided，空处在句中作非谓语，且与被修饰词the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation之间形成动宾关系，故填held。
4. A
[解析]考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表泛指，且friend以辅音音素开头，故填A。空处位于句首，注意要大写。
5. protection
[解析]考查名词。根据空前的形容词environmental可知，空处应用名词。此处表示"环境保护"，故填protection。
6. meaningful
[解析]考查形容词。结合句意"这将使他的徒步旅行更有意义"可知，空处需要用形容词，故填meaningful。
7. has walked
[解析]考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合时间状语In the last five years可知，时态为现在完成时；walk与主语Cao之间为主动关系；主语Cao为第三人称单数，故填has walked。
8. highest
[解析]考查最高级。结合常识可知，Kilimanjaro是非洲最高的山脉，故填最高级highest。
9. from
[解析]考查介词。此处考查固定表达"from...to..."，意为"从……到……"。
10. planning
[解析]考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是flew，空处在句中作非谓语，plan与其逻辑主语He之间形成主谓关系，故填planning。
解读：本文主要讲述了盲人旅行家曹晟康徒步穿越古丝绸之路并沿途做环保的故事。
主题 考点分布 词数 难度
动 非谓语 形/副 名 介 连 代 冠
失明人士丝绸之路徒步之旅 1 3 2 1 1 1 0 1 188 ★
Cloze 2 [2022浙江，15分]
To understand a painting, we're taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 1 be appreciated（appreciate） by someone who's blind Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 2 to do（do）. John Olson, a former 3 photographer（photograph）, and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
The tactile （可触知的） paintings work as a way to show art to 4 the blind because we don't see with just our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity — the brain's adaptability — shows that the visual cortex （大脑皮层）is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 5 existing（exist） senses, in a way similar to that of 6 sighted（sight） people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, who's now thirteen, went blind suddenly 7 at age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci's "Mona Lisa", he 8 noticed（notice） her smile right away. "I can actually feel what you see when you look at it," he said.
For Luc, this means 9 independence（independent）. "The feeling of being able to see it 10 and to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person."
1. be appreciated
[解析]考查动词语态。主语是a painting，与appreciate之间是被动关系，又因空前有情态动词can，故填be appreciated。
2. to do
[解析]考查非谓语动词。tell sb.（not） to do是固定用法，意为"告诉某人（不要）做某事"，故填to do。
3. photographer
[解析]考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处是John Olson的同位语