无锡市锡山区锡东高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷(无答案)

2023-2024学年度第二学期期中考试
高一英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What has happened to the river
A. The fish in it has died out.
B. It has stopped flowing.
C. It’s got badly polluted.
2. How did the man find his way home
A. He turned to a policeman.
B. He found the way himself.
C. He got help from a friend.
3. What will the speakers discuss
A. A new plan. B. Air pollution. C. Water pollution.
4. Why is the man now living outside of the city
A. The traffic in the city is unbearable to him.
B. He is used to living outside of the city.
C. There is no fresh air inside the city.
5. Where will the woman put her plants
A. In her backyard. B. In her window. C. On her balcony.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What does the woman think of the zoo
A. Good for animals.
B. Bad for both animals and humans.
C. Bad for animals but good for humans.
7. What does the man think of cages in zoos
A. They can protect visitors from dangerous animals.
B. They are used to keep animals from escaping.
C. They are not necessary at all.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What is the man upset about
A. The dishes. B. The bathroom. C. The woman’s nails.
9. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Roommates. B. Mother and son. C. Boyfriend and girlfriend.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the two speakers mainly talking about
A. Famous countries. B. Popular sports. C. Eco-tours.
11. Which activity in the USA is introduced in the dialogue
A. Mountain-climbing. B. Bird-watching. C. River-rafting.
12. How many countries are mentioned in the dialogue
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
听第9段材料，回答第 13至16题。
13. Who is the man
A. A waiter. B. A shop assistant. C. A manager.
14. What is the man good at
A. Talking to pretty girls.
B. Dealing with problem customers.
C. Helping customers order.
15. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Talk to his manager. B. Get a part-time job. C. Earn a little money.
16. What will the woman do next
A. Find a job. B. Order dishes. C. Give the man some tips.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did the speaker get the news
A. On TV. B. In the newspaper. C. Through the Internet.
18. What is the speaker mainly telling us
A. China’s traffic development.
B. China’s car problems.
C. China’s pollution.
19. How many cars are there
A. About 20 million.
B. Almost 140 million.
C. Nearly 1,000 million.
20. How will the traffic be in China in the future
A. Few road accidents than in other countries.
B. A faster traffic system which costs less.
C. More road blocking than now.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Louis Pasteur once said, “Chance favors the prepared mind.” That’s the truth behind the following inventions — the scientists were prepared and were able to see the magic in a mistake.
Mauve
In 1856 William Perkin was trying to come up with an artificial medicine, but his experiments produced a thick mess. But the more Perkin looked at it, the more he saw a beautiful color in his mess. It turned out that he had made mauve, the first-ever synthetic dye（合成染料）. which was far better than any natural dyes: the color was brighter, clearer, and didn’t fade or wash out.
Superglue
This super-sticky substance was discovered by accident — twice! Chemist Harry Coover had been attempting to make clear plastic gun sights, and in 1942 one method he tested produced an extremely quick bonding adhesive（黏合剂）. It was useless for his gun sights, though. and he forgot about it until almost ten years later, when he came across it again while developing heat-resistant parts for airplanes. This time he realised its potential, and the product was put on the market.
Plastic
In 1907, shellac（虫胶） was used in electronics. It was costly, so American chemist Leo Hendrik Baekeland tried to produce an alternative. Instead, his experiments produced a material that could take high temperatures. He later developed it into plastic, and it was soon used in the production of almost everything.
Teflon
Back in the 1930s, Young DuPont chemist Roy Plunkett was working to make a new kind of CFC for refrigeration. After storing the gas in certain containers, he opened one to discover that it had changed into a white powder that was extremely sticky and had a very high melting point. Three years later, the substance, which was named Teflon, was patented.
21. Which invention came out earliest
A. Mauve. B. Superglue.
C. Plastic. D. Teflon.
22. Who recognized the value of his original invention when developing airplane parts
A. William Perkin. B. Harry Coover.
C. Leo Hendrik Baekeland. D. Roy Plunkett.
23. What do the inventions have in common
A. They were made by accident.
B. They could take high temperatures.
C. They received no recognition at first.
D. They could be used in medical fields.
B
Washington, DC — In a press conference today, the National Gallery of Art will share groundbreaking new findings about Johannes Vermeer （1632~ 1675） to be explored in the exhibition of “Vermeer’s Secrets”, opening on October 8.
These findings led a team of professors and scientists working together to determine that the painting Girl with a Flute was made by a partner of Vermeer — not by the Dutch artist himself, as was previously believed.
This challenges the long-held belief that he was a lone genius and, instead, assumes him as an instructor to the next generation of artists. In part because Vermeer’s collection of works contains only about 35 accepted paintings, professors have generally considered it unlikely that he had students or partners. With no surviving documents to provide evidence of a workshop, it was believed that he must have worked alone.
The existence of other artists working with Johannes Vermeer is perhaps one of the most significant new findings about the artist to be discovered in decades. It changes thoroughly the popular understanding of Vermeer, building on decades of research and using advanced scientific technology to expose exciting discoveries that add new knowledge to the secret artist. “I am unbelievably proud of the team of National Gallery staff who worked together to study these paintings,” said Kaywin Feldman, director of the National Gallery of Art.
On view through January 8, “Vermeer’s Secrets” offers audiences a behind-the-scene look at how National Gallery professors and scientists studied the museum’s four treasured paintings — as well as two 20th-century fake（假的） copies — to better understand “what makes a Vermeer a Vermeer”.
Research also led scientists to determine that Vermeer’s Girl with the Red Hat was made at a turning point in the artist’s career. They recognized Girl with the Red Hat as a key work that points to Vermeer’s late style.
24. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A. That a workmate of Vermeer worked on Girl with a Flute. 、
B. That a team of devoted professors and scientists worked together.
C. That Vermeer was a lone instructor to the next generation of artists.
D. That there is no surviving evidence of Vermeer owning a workshop.
25. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The property of the research.
B. The process of the new research.
C. The praise from Kaywin Feldman.
D. The significance of the new finding.
26. Why was the exhibition of “Vermeer’s Secrets” held
A. To guide us to enjoy Vermeer’s paintings.
B. To offer us a better understanding of Vermeer.
C. To show us a lone and familiar painting genius.
D. To give us an insight into Dutch art of painting.
27. What will the author most probably talk about next
A. What effects the new findings have on the previous views.
B. Whether Girl with the Red Hat was created by Vermeer alone.
C. How Girl with the Red Hat is different from Girl with a Flute.
D. Why Girl with the Red Hat marked a turning point in Vermeer’s career.
C
Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve mood by stimulating the brain’s reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There’s some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are.
Traci Mann,a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of studies with college students. The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve mood. They provided students with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the students their comfort food.
They had to assess（评估） how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically at e to feel better. All of the students completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn’t call a comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve students’ moods — but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked.
In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and students’ moods seemed to improve even when they didn’t eat anything — most likely just due to the passage of time.
The take-home message from the studies While the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge（纵情） in a comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule.
28. Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann’s studies focus on
A. The means by which it affects mood.”
B. Its role in reducing negativity.
C. The extent to which it lifts mood.
D. Its impact on physical health.
29. How were the studies carried out
A. By comparison. B. By observation.
C. By analysis. D. By collecting data.
30. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. To explain a rule. B. To introduce a concept.
C. To present a fact. D. To make a suggestion.
31. What is a suitable title for the text
A. Feeling Negative Try Comfort Food
B. Comfort Food May Not Do Wonders
C. The Science behind Comfort Food
D. Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy
D
Nobody likes to fail. It makes people feel embarrassed and discouraged. What’s worse, it may cause major professional or personal trouble and lead to negativity. Basically, failure is no fun for most people. However, a vast body of research tells us that failure provides us with a chance to grow and develop, increases adaptability, and helps protect against anxiety.
It’s hard to change the mindset（心态） of a lifetime. But even if we still can’t get over the broken marriage or the failed College Entrance Examination or the work presentation that went fearfully wrong, it might not be too late for our kids.
Christy Pennison, a professional consultant, says she works with an increasing number of kids and teens who show significant anxiety around a fear of failure. She said, “We want to protect our children, and we want them to live happy and meaningful lives, so we frequently tell them the harm of failure and ask them to avoid failure. The children experiencing internal and sometimes external pressure think they shouldn’t fail. Meanwhile, we always have high expectations of them. So when they don’t live up to a certain standard, or things don’t go according to the plans, they will feel upset and anxious.”
Pennison argues that failures are often the hidden learning chances that can help people develop positive qualities, like persistence, focus, flexibility, paticnce, and positive self-image.
So what can parents do to help their children embrace（拥抱） failure instead of avoiding it at all costs Pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort, not the result. “This allows children to build confidence in themselves,” she explains. “Recognizing the effort can give children permission to try new things without a fear of failure. And the bigger picture is that the development of the mindset — ‘I’d rather try and fail than not try at all.’ — helps them keep belief in themselves, and expands their world of possibilities.” As Pennison point s out, we all fail, but how we get up after we fail is what matters.
32. What aspect do most people focus on when thinking of failure
A. The great courage to face it.
B. The efforts made to deal with it.
C. Unexpected benefits it brings.
D. Unpleasant side effects it brings.
33. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2
A. Bring up the main topic.
B. List the challenges in our life.
C. Add some background information.
D. Stress the importance of the mindset.
34. What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph
A. The causes of children’s anxiety.
B. The effects of overprotecting children.
C. Christy Pennison’s comments on adolescents.
D. Christy Pennison’s experience in educating children.
35. Which of the following advice can help parents encourage kids to face failure
①Praise kids’ every achievement.
②Make kids embrace a bright mindset.
③Focus on the process of kids’ effort.
④Expand kids’knowledge about the world.
⑤Encourage kids to make new attempts.
A.①②④ B.②③④ C.②③⑤ D.①③⑤
第二节 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
As my husband and I drove down a country road, we passed a fire station with a sign that read. “Are you ready for the next storm ” Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma, causing downed trees and power off. 36
We have had our share of storms in the past — a snowstorm and other heavy snows that knocked down trees, sometimes up to a week at a time. Those days weren’t fun, but we learned so much from those early storms. It made later storms easier to bear.
37 We bought a battery-operated radio to keep up with the news. We stocked up on batteries so that we’d have plenty for extended power failures. We make sure our grill is ready and its tank is full, and we purchase food that can be easily prepared and then cooked or heated on the grill. 38 We have booklight s to read in the dark. We keep our car gas tanks full and have emergency cash on hand.
We’re ready for the next storm, but we wouldn’t have learned to do all those things if we hadn’t faced a storm in the past. The same is true spiritually. Those little storms in our lives are never fun, but they prepare us for the big trials coming to us. 39
Are you ready for the next storm 40
A Thanks to all those storms.
E. They can teach us some valuable lessons.
C. Yow is the time to get ready.
D. How long do you think this storm will last
E. We were stuck in the dark and cut off from the outside world.
F. Now we have stored as many necessities as possible in case of potential storms.
G. And we don’t forget to buy emergency chocolate!
第三部分 语言知识运用（满分55分）
第一节 完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Travelling to a European country with my mother was exciting. However, it would not be 41 without facing problems and figuring them out.
We had just started to get 42 with the Paris subway system. Thus using it was very difficult. We were walking at a slow pace until we 43 the subway was about to leave. As soon as I 44 , the doors shut with my mom on the other side. I did not have my cellphone, neither of us spoke a word of French, and we had no idea how to 45 each other. My mom and I, who were both 46 , began to pound（猛击） on the doors. Suddenly, a man with a very puzzled look on his face walked over to the doors and simply 47 them. My mom stepped on and we hugged as if we 48 for the first time in years. A huge sense of 49 washed over us, followed by embarrassment.
50 , my mom and I were able to 51 the victories of finding destinations. We began to familiarize ourselves with the neighborhood, 52 finding our favourite breakfast cafe, and walking to museums and back. The trip to Paris was 53 . It taught me it is unavoidable to run into 54 when trying to explore an unfamiliar area, but 55 you continue to work, you will improve.
41. A. beneficial B. typical C. practical D. complete
42. A. content B. familiar C. bored D. popular
43. A. guessed B. realized C. recalled D. felt
44. A. got on B. sped up C. started off D. fell over
45. A. comfort B. encourage C. remind D. contact
46. A. shocked B. regretful C. anxious D. embarrassed
47. A. unlocked B. destroyed C. closed D. repaired
48. A. survived B. reunited C. responded D. communicated
49. A. shame B. anger C. relief D. peace
50. A. Suddenly B. Eventually C. Thankfully D. Naturally
51. A. expect B. miss C. record D. celebrate
52 A. such as B. instead of C. rather than D. apart from
53. A. important B. disappointing C. unforgettable D. fruitless
54. A. challenges B. arguments C. fights D. dangers
55. A. unless B. until C. if D. since
第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
For the past twenty years, Chen Huili, a cultural heritage monitor and guide, has devoted herself to 56 （protect） the carvings of the Yuanjue Cave, part of the Dazu Rock Carvings in Chongqing, 57 were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999.
While 58 （show） visitors around, Chen became painfully aware of the serious damage to the cave 59 （cause） by the passage of time. The flat-roofed cave lacked something to support its weight. As a result, the ceiling（顶部） was coming off in pieces, posing a great threat to the priceless carvings. With related knowledge and great eagerness 60 （save） the sculptures, Chen joined the protection center.
61 time went by. Chen’s experience grew and eventually she developed her unique approach to protecting cultural heritage. She 62 （involve） in a number of major projects so far, including the eight-year restoration of the Thousand-Armed Avalokitesvara. And with her team’s hard efforts. 63 （effect） measures such as hydraulic iron frames（液压铁架） have now successfully been introduced to support the roof of the Yuanjue Cave.
64 her remarkable achievements, Chen remains unsatisfied. In her opinion. it’s highly necessary 65 （improve） the role of technology in cultural heritage protection and train young talents for this field. For Chen, Yuanjue Cave will remain a focus and she believes there will be many fruitful discoveries further down the line.
第三节 用所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
66. ______ （variety） Chinese apps have been springing up on the western internet, placing the local government in panic.
67. In the wave of globalization, multi-national companies tended to set up ______ （branch） around the world.
68. A ban on Tiktok may not give rise to the ______ （disappear） of Chinese apps in America but open the door to them.
69 Jensen Huang, CEO of Nvidia did not admit that his company would be ______ （absolute）cut off from the Chinese trade and business
70 Lord Carnarvan showed great ______ （curious） about archeology when he was a little child.
71. ______ （addict） to computer games, he couldn’t concentrate on his studies.
72. Teenagers ______ （glue） to their smartphones tend to have bad academic performance.
73. Through his whole life, Charles Dickens created a sea of literary works, ______ （reveal） a wide range of social issues in Great Britain in the 19th century.
74. The retired presidents of South Korea will always find themselves ______ （charge） with diverse crimes.
75. Christopher Columbus discovered what he viewed as India on the epic voyage, only ______ （inform） that what he discovered was a new land.
第四节 根据要求翻译句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
76. 只有通过反复试验科学家们才能取得成功。（only，倒装）
______________________________________________________
77. 在一定程度上，他对军务了如指掌。（extent）
______________________________________________________
78. 自然灾害会给农业带来毁灭性的影响。（impact）
______________________________________________________
79. 我突然想起来我们应当减少经济损失。（形式主语；occur）
______________________________________________________
80. 资源消耗殆尽，政府应该对此负责。（with 复合结构）
______________________________________________________
第四部分 书面表达（满分15分）
假定你是 Sunshine School 的学生李华，为了帮助同学们提高应急反应能力，请你代表学校写信邀请国际红十字会代表 Mr.Smith 来校开展一次急救知识培训，内容包括：
1.培训的时间、地点；
2..培训内容（至少两点）。
参考词汇：心肺复苏 CPR；急救 first aid。
注意：
1.词数：80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua