(共25张PPT)
Unit 4
Scientists who change the world
Reading
1.To watch two videos about Yuan Longping and Stephen Hawking, and note down de key information according to the timeline.
2.To describe the similarities and differences between the two scientists.
3.To share with partners additional information about the two scientists and other great scientists.
Learning objectives
Isaac Newton
Marie Curie
Francis Crick
Stephen William Hawking
Qian Xuesen
The Father of China Aerospace（航空）
Hydrogen bomb
atomic bomb
Man-made satellite
Yuan Longping
The Father of Hybrid rice（杂交水稻）
Super rice
Yuan Longping
● In 1953, he ____________________ South-west Agricultural College.
● In the 1970s, he ______________the first hybrid rice varieties.
Stephen Hawking
● He _____________ the field of general relativity.
● In 1988, A Brief History of Time was published and stayed on a bestseller list for ___________.
Scientists who changed the world
graduated from
succeeded in developing
made great contributions to
237 weeks
The scientist is motivated primarily by curiosity and a desire for truth.
—Irving Lanmuir
Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize
What is happening in this photo
Tu Youyou is awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize.
Chinese scientist wins 2015 Nobel Prize
Pay special attention to the title and the first paragraph when reading a news report.
Q: what’s the type of this passage
Inverted pyramid format
（倒金字塔模式）
the lead
the second paragraph
the rest of the passage
structure
Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. People who have malaria usually feel very sick with a high fever and shaking chills.
Malaria transmission cycle
Tu Youyou won a Nobel Prize in 2015 for her discovery of qinhaosu.
Academic background of Tu Youyou.
Problems and solutions in the research process.
Tu Youyou and her team’s efforts finally paid off.
Structure
Tu Youyou's personal information
1930
1951-
1955
She studied medicine at university in Beijing.
Tu Youyou was born
in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province.
1969
She became head of a team that intended to find a cure for malaria.
1971
1972
2015
She received the Nobel Prize.
She discovered qinghaosu.
She succeeded in making qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice.
unpromising results
limited resources
insufficient safety data
What problems did Tu and her team encounter
referred to the ancient book and redesigned the experiment
use household
water containers
test on themselves
What qualities did Tu Youyou show as a scientist
They worked day and night and their health began to suffer because of the poor conditions, but they never gave up.(L25-27)
On 4 October 1971, after 190 failures, she succeeded in making qinghao extract.(L20-22)
She collected over 2,000 traditional Chinese medical recipes for malaria treatment and made hundreds of extracts from different herbs.(L15-16)
What qualities did Tu Youyou show as a scientist
When there was no research equipment, they had to extract herbs using household water containers. (L25-26)
Inspired by an over 1600-year-old text, Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temprature. (L19-20)
Tu Youyou and her team volunteered to test the qinghao extract on themselves.(L30-31)
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nthusiastic
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i
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i
ntelligent
trong-minded
ough
eam-spirited
S
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e
i
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i
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Tu Youyou is the first female Chinese scientist to win a Nobel Prize. In your opinion, what is the significance of this achievement
DISCUSSION
Tu's achievement has earned international recognition of traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu's achievement has proved China’s scientific capability to the world and boosted our national confidence.
As a female scientist, Tu has also inspired young female scientists to work harder to achieve their dreams.(共22张PPT)
Unit 4
Scientists who changed the world
Extended reading
1.To understand the main idea of each paragraph
2.To explain the value of science
3.To learn to write a summary of the lecture
4.To learn to understand long sentences in the passage
5.To learn to use the key words and expressions properly
Learning objectives
Make an oral practice
Advantages
“Science is a double-edged sword.”
Due to the advances in medical science,
some deadly diseases can be cured by some life-saving medicine, such as qinghaosu, penicillin and so on.
Military science is often misused in wars, which cause countless deaths and injuries.
Disadvantages
The production of hybrid rice can ease the hunger problem.
The invention of the Internet can make our lives more convenient.
Being smartphone addicts is harmful to our real lives.
Industrialized society can damage the environment.
Why is Science a double-edged sword
Science is b_______ to us
while h______ to us as well.
有利有弊
beneficial
harmful
Richard Feynman
1965
1965
Richard Feynman was awarded Nobel Prize in physics for his great contribution to quantum electrodynamics(量子电动力学), with far-reaching influences for the physics.
Now, let's read a public lecture by Richard Feynman.
Skimming
Structure
Part1_________
Part2_________
Part3_________
C. Richard Feynman's personal experience influence his attitudes towards science.
A. Three values of science.
B. Responsibility of scientists.
(paras. 1-2)
(paras. 3-6)
(para. 7)
Paras. 1-2
LECTURE:
Paras. 3–6
Para. 7
The values of science represent in three aspects.
Responsibility of scientists.
Richard Feynman's personal experience influence his attitudes towards science.
Raise a question
Give some advice
Answer the question
Argumentation
Detailed reading
How does Richard Feynman's personal experience influence his attitudes towards science
Before
After
Para. 1–2 Raise the question
Experience Attitudes
When he was young, he ____ _______ to the science, because he thought science is ______________, which___________________________________.
After he worked on the ______ _____ during the war, he realized that science can bring the ___________ to people and put human’s future ________.
devoted
himself
makes good things for
everybody
good and useful
atomic bomb
destruction
at risk
The function of the question is to d_____ the readers’ a________ or a______ to the readers.
draw
attention
appeal
Values
To every man is given the key to the gates of heaven; the same key opens the gates of hell.
－Richard Feynman
The Value
of Science
Part Ⅱ
◎ Scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things.
Values
◎ Science can provide us with intellectual enjoyment.
◎ Scientists have the freedom to doubt.
Part Ⅱ
The Value
of
Science
Part Ⅱ(paras. 3-6)
Answer the question
... Scientific knowledge enables us to do and make all kinds of things. If we make good things, it is not only to the credit of science; it is also to the credit of the moral choice ... .
Who should be to blame(该受责备) if the power of science is used to do something bad
Scientific knowledge is an enabling power to do either good or bad -- but it does not carry instructions on how to apply it. ...
Para 3
The man who misuses the science.
Para. 3–6 Answer the question
Para.4 What does intellectural enjoyment include
Find out words or phrases positive in meaning.
Appreciation
Never concerned that the answer may let us down,with pleasure and confidence we turn over each new stone to find unimagined strangeness leading on to more wonderful questions and mysteries.
Analogy类比
(
)
the rhetorical devices修辞手法
What is analogy
恰当的赞扬对孩子的作用，就像阳光对于花朵的作用一样。
Through comparing two different things which have similarities, the author can illustrate his idea clearly and simply.
“ Appropriate praise to a child is what the sun is to a flower。”
“... turn over each new stone ...”
find unimagined strangeness
discover the unknown treasure hidden under a stone
我们翻开每一块新的石头去发现意想不到的奇妙，随之而来的是更加奇妙的问题与奥秘。
Read Para. 5-6 and find three steps about
scientists’ figuring out problems.
01
02
03
1. _________(adj.)
3. ________(adj.)
uncertain
problem
idea
doubtful
ignorant
2. _________(adj.)
result
It’s never too late to learn.
ignorance
What can we learn from the third value of science
活到老，学到老
More knowledge, more doubt.
It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, to declare the value of this freedom; to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed; and to demand this freedom as our duty to all coming generations.
Appreciation
Parallel structure can emphasize the author’s opinion.
Para. 7 offer advice
Feynman believes that, the greatest science’s values is the freedom to doubt. How do you understand this
Reflection
Say “No” to everything
Through doubting,what can we achieve
Through doubting, we are eager to explore the unknown, so that we can get progress.
While maybe the sheer (完全的) distance from my native country alone can sometimes seem overwhelming, experiencing small waves of culture shock reminds me that I am exploring different parts of the world and that I should appreciate what I’m taking in.
How to properly question(质疑)
advisable(可取的)
inadvisable(不可取的)
Critical thinking(批判性思维)
dare to question
challenge the authority
. . .
blindly doubt
show no respect for others
. . .
Micro-writing
俗话说:“科学家的动力主要来自好奇心和对真理的渴望。”科学家只有提出质疑，才能打开探索未知的大门，这也是科学能够取得进步的关键。我们每个人都可以像科学家一样，去质疑去探索去发现。在学习大量前人的成果之后，我们也要谨慎地去质疑。只有这样才能站在知识之塔上继续向上攀登。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Possible version:
As the saying goes, “The scientist is motivated primarily by
curiosity and a desire for truth.” Only when scientists raise doubts
can they open the door to explore the unknown, which is the key to
the progress of science. Each of us can be like a scientist, to question,
to explore, and to discover. We should also be careful to question
the results of a large number of previous studies. Only in this way
can we stand on the tower of knowledge and continue to climb
upward.
Micro-writing
Thanks
for
your
attention
Everglow
Whatever we want of any worth,We ve got to work to gain.
只要想要的东西有价值，就得靠努力去创造。
It matters not what goal you seek,
目标是什么并不重要，
Its secret here reposes:
秘诀终归只有一条：
You’ve got to dig from week to week,
周复一周不怕劳累，
To get results or roses.
才能收获硕果或者玫瑰。(共26张PPT)
Unit4
Scientists who changed the world
Integrated Skills
To read and learn what activities can be arranged in a Science Festival;
To learn to write a plan for a school Science Festival.
Learning objectives
B
Read the school news report about last year's Science Festival.
title
writer and time
news report
introduction of the festival
three events
evaluation of the festival
Science Festival goes off with a bang!
Para. Keywords
1
2
3
4
5
Theme
Dr Li
Science Workshop
Science Fair
Hard work
Write down the key words after reading.
Finish the following chart.
Introduction (Para.1) ______________________________
_________________________________________________
Main body (Paras.2-4)
___________________
Conclusion (Para.5)_______________________________
________________________________________________
Event 1
Event 2
Event 3
This years school Science Festival, whose theme was “Space”, finished on Friday.
There are 3 events.
Dr Li’s lecture
Science Workshop
Science Fair
This year’s school Science Festival was successful due to the team effort.
Fill in the table below.
Theme
Events
Space
Dr Li gave a lecture about whether life can exit on other planets.
Students tried different experiments in the Science Workshop. The most popular experiment was “Planets in a bottle.”
At the Science Fair, every class decorated their classroom and designed activities according to the theme of space. One class decorated their classroom as a space station and another class designed a “Big Bang” activity.
Read “Continuing a discussion” and answer questions.
Continuing a discussion
To ensure a discussion moves smoothly, everyone should be active. When answering questions, you should follow your answer with explanations or personal experiences. If you have any doubts, ask questions to check your understanding and to get further information.
1. How can you be active in a discussion
When we are listening, we should be attentive and give non-verbal responses, such as nodding, facial expressions and gestures to show we are listening carefully. After other people present their opinions on a topic, we can get further information by asking questions or expressing our own views.
2. How to answer a question clearly
Follow the answer with explanations. We can make our opinions clearer by explaining them with simple words or using “noun phrases” that define difficult terms.
Support our opinions with personal experiences to make them more persuasive and convincing.
C
In pairs, discuss a plan for holding the Science Festival at your school. Use the following questions to help you.
What is your chosen theme
Who will you invite to give a lecture on your theme and what is the topic
What kind of experiments would you recommend
What kind of Science Fair activities and decorations do you suggest
A: Do you think materials physics would be a great theme for the school Science Festival
B: I’m not sure. Do you mean the study of how new materials are made for modern use like in technology
A: Exactly! Smartphone touchscreens and fibre optics are some common new materials.
B: Yes, I learnt about chemically strengthened glass from a documentary too. Do you think Professor Wang will agree to give a lecture about it I know his knowledge about materials physics is excellent.
A: If we invite him soon, I’m sure he will! We should book the school hall.
B: OK. I’ll make an appointment with Professor Wang and find out the availability of our school hall for Monday morning.
A: Great! For the Science Workshop on Tuesday, students can make their own materials. We’ll provide what they’ll need with the necessary equipment.
B: It will be fun. They’ll find out what new material they can make, the features it has and how it can be used. What activities do you suggest for the Science Fair on Wednesday
A: The students could demonstrate how their materials can be used to change people’s daily lives. They can also display their new materials as decorations!
B: I like that idea. Let’s get started!
D
Write a plan for the school Science Festival. Use your ideas from part C and the information in parts A and B to help you.
Planning your writing
Learning about the text type
A plan is a detailed proposal for doing something. It can offer the reader a better understanding of a certain project or activity.
Learning about the structure
A plan involves both the theme and events. Organize the Science Festival events clearly, usually in order of time. Describe one event in one paragraph.
Plan for the school Science Festival Theme Theme: _______________________
Reasons for choosing it: _________
Events 1. A lecture by _______
2. __________________
3. __________________
Learning about the language
Keep in mind who you are writing to, what the purpose of your writing is and what you are writing about. Use formal language and be polite when writing a plan for the school Science Festival.
Plan for the school Science Festival
Theme: Materials Physics
Does this sound a little bit removed from our daily lives Wrong. Think about smartphone touchscreens and the fibre optics used in telecommunications. In fact, we use these every day, and they were made real thanks to breakthroughs in materials physics.
n. 突破，重大进展
Events:
1. A lecture by Professor Wang
On Monday morning, Professor Wang will give a lecture about chemically strengthened glass, which is used as a cover for many portable devices. The lecture will be held in the school hall.
2. Science Workshop
There will be a Science Workshop on Tuesday. Students can try to make their own materials in our laboratories. We will provide many raw materials and lots of different equipment. Students will be able to find out what new materials they can make and what features their materials will have.
3. Science Fair
The Science Fair will be on Wednesday. Every class will prepare a display on the new materials students have created. Students should think of how their new materials can be used and
how they can change people’s
lives. This event will encourage
them to be bold and creative.
Remember to check your writing after you finish and exchange drafts between you and your partner. Pay attention to the following aspects:
□Punctuation □Spelling □Grammar
□Choice of words □Style (formal/informal) □Structure
Checking your writing
Self-review
What theme do you give in your plan Are all the events focused on the theme
Is your writing formal or informal
Peer review
What does your partner think of the theme and events you suggest
Which sentences does your partner appreciate most
1. Science Festival goes off with a bang!
with a bang (informal) very successfully 极为成功，大受欢迎
e.g. The party went with a bang.
Stock markets started the year with a bang.
股市开年大吉。
2. The most popular experiment was “Planets in a bottle”, in which students tried to create the conditions of different planets inside glass bottles.
介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰experiment (即 “Planets in a bottle”) 。非限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词没有限制意义，只是补充说明情况，与主句关系不紧密。将其拿掉后，主句照样成立。
3. Possibly the standout activity of the fair was …
standout adj. much better than all the rest
突出的,引起注意的
n. sb. or sth. who is much better than others
突出的人或物
e.g. The song is the standout track on the album.
He was the standout in last Saturday’s game.
【链接】
stand out (phrasal v.) 引人注目，显眼
outstanding adj. 杰出的；优秀的；出色的
Finish writing your plan of the Science Festival.
Homework(共18张PPT)
Unit 4
Scientists who changed the world
Project
Planning for making a fact file about a scientist
A fact file is a collection of the most important information on a particular subject.
What is a fact file
Deciding on a scientist
Collecting and organizing information
Making a fact file
√
√
√
How to prepare
The scientist I choose will be ___________.
Deciding on a scientist
4
3
2
1
01
Personal information
Achievements
Influence
Interesting facts
Collecting and organizing information
Basic aspects
4
3
2
1
01
Name
Date of birth or death
Nationality
Education
Personal information
5
Childhood
Date of birth: 8 January, 1942
Date of death: 14 March, 2018
Nationality: English
Education: University of Oxford
University of Cambridge
Stephen Hawking
4
3
2
1
01
Scientific researches
Published works
Received awards
Achievements
Stephen Hawking was a scientist known for his groundbreaking work in black holes and general relativity. He is the author of popular science book A Brief History of Time. He was awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009.
Achievements
3
2
1
01
Important effects
Changes on sb/sth
Benefits they brought
Influence
Stephen Hawking did a lot of work on the study of black holes and changed the way we think about the universe. Besides, he also basically explained how the entire world was formed.
Influence
3
2
1
01
Accurate
Interesting
Little-known
Interesting facts
Hawking didn’t have the sort of sparkling in early academic career you'd expect from a grade-A genius. He claimed he didn't learn to properly read until he was 8 years old.
Interesting facts
Where can we find these information about a scientist
We can find the related information about a scientist from their autobiographies, magazines in the library or the Internet.
Tips：
1. Use trustworthy and reliable search engines
2. Check the information you find carefully
Making a fact file
Date of birth: 8 January, 1942
Date of death: 14 March, 2018
Nationality: English
Education: University of Oxford
University of Cambridge
Stephen Hawking was a scientist known for his groundbreaking work in black holes and general relativity. He is the author of popular science book A Brief History of Time.
Stephen Hawking did a lot of work on the study of black holes and basically explained how the entire world was formed.
Hawking didn’t have the sort of sparkling in early academic career you'd expect from a grade-A genius. He claimed he didn't learn to properly read until he was 8 years old.
Personal information
Achievements
Influence
Interesting fact
Stephen
Hawking
Make your own fact file about a scientist, using what we have learned.
Practice(共25张PPT)
Unit 4
Scientists who changed the world
Grammar and usage
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
1. understand the usage of the verb-ed forms
2. apply the rules of verb-ed forms
Learning objectives
01
Lead-in
02
Presentation
03
Consolidation
04
Summary
目录
CONTENTS
壹の章
Lead-in
Learn (walk) before you run.
循序渐进
(live) without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活无目标犹如航海无指南
(lose) years are worse than lost dollars.
一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴
Living
Lost
to walk
Lead-in
V-ed
Made by Cicy
非谓语动词--过去分词
1. Tsinghua University founded in 1911 is very famous.
2. Deeply moved by the story, he cried.
3. He explained again to make himself understood.
4. We should drink boiled water.
5. Absorbed in his book, he didn't notice me.
过分:句法功能
定
状
宾补
定
状
过分:句法功能
1. 作定语
单个v-ed作定语用于名词前，功能上相当于形容词,
v-ed短语用于名词后，并可改写为定语从句，
表示被动、完成含义。
boiling water
boiled water
the developing countries
the developed countries
falling leaves
fallen leaves
rising sun
risen sun
正在沸腾的水
开水
发展中国家
发达国家
正在落下的叶子
落叶
正在升起的太阳
已经升起的太阳
Tips：过分与现分作定语的区别
1. We should drink water which has been boiled.
2. They took the woman who was injured to the hospital at once.
3. The name mentioned in the letter was known to me.
4. The firemen were trying to rescue the people trapped
in the fire.
We should drink boiled water.
They took the injured woman to the hospital at once.
The name which was mentioned in the letter was unknown to me.
The firemen were trying to rescue the people who were trapped in the fire.
Practice
2. 作宾补
常见的接过分作宾补的动词：
have, get, leave, make, keep,
hear, find, feel, notice, observe, watch, see,catch 等。
eg. It is difficult for him to make himself understood.
She found the door locked.
过分:句法功能
1. I heard the little boy (cry) when I came out.
2. I hurried to the shop, only (find) it (close).
3. The flowers need (water).
4. You'd better have your flowers (water).
5. I had my hair (cut) yesterday.
Practice
3. 作状语
过去分词短语作状语，可表示：
， ， ， 等。
分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致。
过分作状语
时间
原因
条件
伴随
1. Asked about his study, he kept silent.
2. Given more time, we would have done it better.
3. Deeply moved by the story, he cried.
4. Mr. Luo walked into the classroom, followed by some students.
时间
条件
原因
伴随
Practice
1.When he was questioned, he kept silent.
When____________, he kept silent.
2. Because she was shocked by the article, she wrote a letter to the newspaper.
__________ by the article, she wrote a letter to …
3. If he is given more time, he' ll be a first-class tennis player.
_________(give) more time, he’ll make a first-class…
questioned
Shocked
Given
Practice
4.You should remain silent at the conference unless you are invited to speak.
Unless_______ to speak, you should remain …
5.Though he was asked to stop, the moved speaker kept on talking at the meeting.
Though_______ to stop, the moved speaker….
6. He returned after a long journey, and he was tired out.
He returned after a long journey,_________.
Practice
1. Finish P49,B1.
当堂练习
1. The highly praised scientist won an award.
2. The experiment mentioned in your article is interesting.
3. Treated with the new medicine, the patients soon recovered.
4. The scientist found the equipment in the laboratory destroyed.
5. Once finished, this report will be very useful for future research.
其他用法：
过分作状语
1. 过去分词短语作状语时，可以置于连词：when, while, if, unless,once, though等之后。
eg. When (visit) Beijing, he met an old friend.
When (question), he made no answer.
visiting
questioned
过分作状语
→ Her grandfather being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him.
Because her grandfather was ill, she had to stay at home looking after him.
独立主格结构
过分作状语
其他用法：
2. 独立主格结构:
eg. All things considered, her paper is of great value.
The guide leading the way, we had a nice trip.
名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词...
过分作状语
其他用法：
3. with复合结构
eg. The guide leading the way, we had a nice trip.
= With the guide leading the way, we had a nice trip.
名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词...
with+
解题技巧
找准逻辑主语！！！
Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.
动词与逻辑主语间是 关系，则用 短语作状语。
动词与逻辑主语间是 关系，则用 短语作状语。
主动
被动
现分
过分
The Professor entered the hall, (follow) by many students.
I saw him (dance)in the room when I came in.
He is the last one (leave) the company every day.
(lose) in reading, he didn’t notice me.
Weather (permit), we will go out for a picnic.
He raised his voice to make himself (hear).
The meeting (hold) next Monday is very important.
With the work (do), they had a rest.
Practice
P76,C.
1. built in 1900 2. reserved for the disabled
3. Encouraged/Having been encouraged by what Jane said
4. Unless invited 5. the car stuck
6. Inspired by the young man 7. locked inside
8. If given more time
P49,B2.
1. interesting
2. Knowing
3. tied
4. Conducted
5. accepted
6. arguing
