新概念英语第一册讲义Lesson 57 - Lesson 58学案（无答案）

Lesson57 An unusual day
Lesson58 What’ the time
课前回顾
1）根据汉语意思写单词
住，生活_____________
呆在，停留_____________
家；adv. 到家_____________
家务_____________
午饭_____________
下午_____________
通常_____________
一起_____________
晚上_____________
到达_____________
夜间_____________
2）英汉互译
①The Sawyers live at 87 King Street._______________________________________
②他们的爸爸每天送他们上学。_______________________________________
③At night, the children always do their homework._______________________________________
④在中午，他吃他的午餐。_______________________________________
⑤In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. _______________________________________
⑥但是有时他会和他的妻子看电视。_______________________________________
二、重点词汇讲解
o'clock adv. 点钟
shop n. 商店
moment n. 片刻，瞬间
单词讲解
1）o'clock adv. 点钟
基数词+o'clock 表示几点钟
2）shop n. 商店 v. 购物
①短语
go shopping去购物 do some shopping 购物，买东西 go to the shops 去购物
shopping center：购物中心 shopping mall：大型购物中心 supermarket：超市
shoplift：从商店中偷商品 shoplifter：商店扒手 window shop 只看不买
②拓展
shopkeeper n. 店主 bookshop n. 书店 workshop n. 车间 shopping n. 买东西
3）moment n. 片刻，瞬间
at the moment 就在此刻；现在 for a moment 一会儿 at any moment：任何时候
at the last moment：在最后一刻 in a moment：不久 at that moment：就在那一刻
at the very moment：就在非常的那一刻
三、课文及讲解
It is eight o'clock. The children go to school by car every day, but today, they are going to school on foot.
It is ten o'clock. Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning, but this morning, she is going to the shops.
It is four o'clock. In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room. But this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden.
It is six o'clock. In the evening, the children usually do their homework, but this evening, they are not doing their homework. At the moment, they are playing in the garden.
It is nine o'clock. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night. But he's not reading his newspaper tonight. At the moment, he's reading an interesting book.
课文讲解
1）An unusual day.It is eight o'clock. The children go to school by car every day, but today, they are going to school on foot.
①unusual adj. 不寻常的，是由un + usual（寻常的，平常的）构成，其中-un是一个否定前缀，通常加在形容词前面，构成其反义词，比如：unhappy 不开心的，uneasy 不自在的，uncomfortable 不舒服的。
②unusual的首字母u发音为元音/ /，因此前面用不定冠词an。
③形容词unusual用来修饰名词day，作定语。
④在英语中常用it来指时间、天气、温度或距离等。这种it被称作“虚主语”。
⑤o’clock adv. 点钟，放在基数词之后，表示“……点钟”。eight o’clock 八点钟，ten o’clock 十点钟。
⑥by car和on foot 是固定搭配，分别表示“坐小汽车”和“步行”。
⑦by表示“乘坐（某种交通工具）”，交通工具前不加冠词。例如：
by bus 乘公共汽车 by plane/by air 乘飞机
by train 乘火车 by taxi 坐出租车
by bike 骑自行车 by boat/ship 乘船
⑧句中的every day 作时间状语，强调经常、反复发生的动作，因此前半句为一般现在时。today也是时间状语，表示今天此刻在发生的动作，所以后半句为现在进行时。
2）It is ten o'clock. Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning, but this morning, she is going to the shops.
① this morning今天上午，在英语中有几个特定的词（this, that, next, last等）构成的时间状语前通常不加介词。比如：
this evening 今晚 that day 那天
last week 上周 next year 明年
yesterday morning 昨天上午 tomorrow afternoon 明天下午
② go to the shops = go shopping 去购物
3）It is four o'clock. In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room. But this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden.
4）It is six o'clock. In the evening, the children usually do their homework, but this evening, they are not doing their homework. At the moment, they are playing in the garden.
①play
(1)v. 玩，做游戏：The children are playing in the garden. 孩子们正在花园里玩耍。
(2)v. 参加（体育活动、比赛等）：Let's play chess! 咱们来下棋吧！
He likes playing basketball. 他喜欢打篮球。
(3)n. 玩耍；娱乐：All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作而不娱乐会使人变呆的。
②at the moment = now此刻，现在，是现在进行时的标志性时间状语。
5）It is nine o'clock. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night. But he's not reading his newspaper tonight. At the moment, he's reading an interesting book
①cook
(1)v. 烹调；煮，烧：
She cooked a lovely meal for her husband. 她为丈夫做了一顿美餐。
The beef is not cooked enough. 牛肉煮得不够熟。
(2)n. 厨子，炊事员：
Tom works as a cook in a local restaurant. 汤姆在当地的一家餐馆当厨子。
My dad is really a good cook. 我爸爸烹调手艺特棒。
②reading an interesting book读一本有趣的书，读书用read
四、重要语法
一般现在时与现在进行时
一般现在时表示一般的动作或不断重复发生的动作；现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作，动作还没有完成。
一般现在时表示永久的情况；进行时表示暂时的情况。
进行时只用于表示动作或偶尔发生的事件（We are eating, it is raining等等）。有些动词（如 like, want, know等）不是动作动词，因此不能用进行时态，如不能说 I am knowing或We are liking，而只能说 I know或 We like。
一般现在时表达某个习惯性动作，通常与时间频度副词连用，如 usually, always, often, sometimes, never等；现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，一般与 now, at the moment, today, this afternoon, this evening, tonight等连用。
We usually watch television at night. But we are listening to the stereo tonight.
我们通常晚上看电视。但是今晚我们正在听立体声节目。
时间的表达
① 如何询问时间
What time is it /What’s the time /Could you tell me the time
② 整点时间表达方式：基数词+o’clock。当然，整点时间后也可以不用o’clock。a.m.（上午），p.m.（下午）也可以放在数字后表示时间，比如：8 a.m. 上午八点， 6 p.m. 下午6点， 1 a.m. 凌晨1点
特殊：整点，半点，一刻钟的表达
A：整点的表达方法 8:00 eight o'clock
B：半点 用half 9:30 half past nine
C：15分钟或45分钟，用quarter（ 一刻钟） 9:15---a quarter past nine 9：45---a quarter to ten
③非整点时间的表达方式：
A：顺读法，先说时针所指的，后说分针所指的数字。如 9:20，英语表达为：nine twenty
B：倒读法，所谓倒读就是先说分针所指，再说时针所指的数字。
1）< 30 分 分针所指+past+时针所指 9:20---twenty past nine
2）> 30 分 (60-分针所指)+ to+(时针所指+1) 9:50-- ten to ten
表示在什么时间通常都需用介词at。