专题06 动词及动词短语辨析
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1．（2023·天津·高考真题）________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management.
A．Picking out B．Putting aside C．Giving away D．Getting back
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每月存一点钱被广泛认为是个人理财的好习惯。A. Picking out 挑选出；B. Putting aside 存储；C. Giving away 捐赠；D. Getting back 回来。根据“is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management”可知，存钱理财是好习惯。故选 B。
2．（2023·天津·高考真题）On April 22 every year, people around the world mark Earth Day by _________ the environment.
A．adapting to B．benefiting from C．caring for D．relying on
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每年的4月22日，世界各地的人们都通过关心环境来纪念地球日。A. adapting to适应；B. benefiting from受益于；C. caring for关心；D. relying on依靠。根据上文“people around the world mark Earth Day by”指通过关心环境来纪念地球日。故选C。
3．（2023·天津·高考真题）We are determined that our teacher training programs should ________ current developments in the field of education.
A．catch sight of B．make room for C．take pride in D．keep pace with
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们决心我们的教师培训计划应该跟上当前教育领域的发展。A. catch sight of看见；B. make room for为……腾出空间；C. take pride in以……为骄傲；D. keep pace with与……保持同步；跟上……。由上文“our teacher training programs should”和下文“current developments in the field of education.”可知，教师培训计划应该跟上当前教育领域的发展，“跟上”为动词短语keep pace with，故选D。
4．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later.
A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A. highlight突出；强调；B. identify辨认；识别；C. ignore忽视；D. prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。
5．（2021·天津·高考真题）Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years.
A．stayed B．turned C．grown D．got
【答案】A
【详解】考查系动词动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有一些人来了又走了，但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned变成（某种颜色）；C.grown变得；D.got变成。根据“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顾客保持40年不变。故选A项。
6．（2021·天津·高考真题）I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some.
A．made up for B．run out of C．kept away from D．got down to
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想包饺子，但发现我的面粉用完了，所以我出去买了一些。A. made up for弥补；B. run out of用完，用尽；C. kept away from远离，回避；D. got down to开始认真做。结合句意，此处指“用完”了面粉。故选B。
7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A. judge判断；B. differ不同；C. withdraw抽身，撤退；D. benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking
a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life”可知Henry David Thoreau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw from“离开”。故选C。
8．（2020·天津·高考真题）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据； B. carry out实施；C. keep on 继续；D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
9．（2020·天津·高考真题）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
10．（2020·天津·高考真题）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A. understood理解；B. accepted接受；C. compromised妥协；D. declined谢绝。根据“saying that she felt like walking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。
11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs.
A．look over B．bring in C．put aside D．knock out
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果能够证明新技术能降低生产成本，公司愿意引进。A. look over检查，察看；B. bring in引进；C. put aside把……放在一边，暂不考虑；D. knock out击倒，打破。根据“if it can be shown to reduce production costs.”可知，此处指公司引进新技术，故选B。
回顾核心考点
常见的动词短语
1.break break down (机器)出故障；(身体)出毛病;(计划等)失败；(化合物)分解
break out (战争、疾病等)爆发
break in 破门而入(in后不可以加宾语)
break into 破门而入(into后要加宾语)
break through 突破
break off 折断；突然终止
break up 解散；分手
break away from 脱离；逃脱
2.bring bring in 引入；赚得
bring down 降低，减少；打垮，击败
bring back 使回想
bring up 抚养；提出；呕吐
bring out 使显现；阐明
3.call call for 需要，要求
call back 回电话
call in 召来
call off 取消
call on 号召；拜访某人
call up 打电话；使想起
4.cut cut in 打断(谈话)；插嘴
cut off 中断
cut out 剪下；删掉
cut down 砍到；削减(on)
cut across 抄近道
cut up 切碎
5. fall fall apart 破裂，破碎
fall behind 落后
fall off 下降；数量减少
fall over 发生故障，死机
6.get get on/along 进展；相处
get away with 携某物潜逃；做(坏事)不受惩罚
get away from 远离
get around/about 各处走动；传播
get by 设法过活；勉强应付
get down 写下，记下
get down to 着手做……
get over 克服
get through 完成；通过；接通电话
7. go go for 支持，赞成
go against 反对，违反
go ahead 继续；走在前面
go in for 参加考试(或竞赛)
go off 离开；爆炸；(警报器等)发出巨响
go out 出去：(火或灯光)熄灭
go over 复习
go through 完成；通过；仔细查看
go without 没有……也行
8.hold hold back 阻挡；抑制，控制(感情等)
hold on 别挂断，等一下；坚持
hold on to 抓住
hold out 维持，坚持；伸出手
hold up 支持住；举起，抬起
9.keep keep off 远离
Keep up (沿用、保持)某物；使某物保持高水平
keep to 遵守(诺言等)
keep up with 保持不落下
keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
keep on 继续做.......
10.look look after 照顾
look up 查阅；抬头向上看
look into 调查；注视
look on...as... 把......当作......
look up to 尊敬
look down upon/on 看不起
look through 浏览
look back on 回顾
look out (for) 当心，提防
look over 查看，检查
make up 编造；化妆；组成、构成
11.make
make out 理解，弄明白
make for 促进，有利于
make up for 弥补
12.pull pull in 进站停靠
pull out (车辆或司机)驶离
pull over 靠边停下
pull up 停车
pull away (车辆)开动
pull down 拆毁，摧毁
pull through (大病、手术后)康复；完成、做成
13.put put down 写下，记下
put away 将.....收起；把......放回原处
put forward 提出；拨快(时钟指针)
put up 留某人住宿；搭建；张贴；举起
put off 推迟
put on 穿上；上演
put out 熄灭；出版；生产
put through 完成；使成功；
put together 组装
14.set set off 出发；燃放；引起
set out 出发；着手做......
set about 着手做......
set aside 把......放在一边
set down 写下，记下
set up 建立
15.take take down 写下，记下
take up 占据；开始从事
take off 起飞；脱下；成功
take after 像
take apart 拆开
take on 呈现；承担；雇佣
take out 取出，拿出
take over 接管；占上风
take to 开始喜欢
易混易错归纳
区分rise, raise, arouse & arise
词汇 动词形式 含义及例句
rise 不及物动词 上升：The river rose by some meters because of the flood. 因为洪水，河水上升了几米。
起身;起床：She rose to her feet and came up to her teacher. 她起身站起来，走向她的老师。
raise 及物动词 举起，提起：She raised the gun and fired. 她举起枪开火。
增加，提高：He raised his voice to frighten his kids. 他提高声音吓唬他的孩子。
筹募，召集：He set about raising funds for the charity. 他着手为这个慈善机构筹集资金。
引起，导致：The plan for the new development in the park raised people’s objection. 这个公园的新的发展计划引起了人们的反对。
抚养，养育：Raised in the countryside, he cannot adapt to the life in the city. 因为他在乡下被抚养长大，他不能适应城市的生活。
饲养，培育，种植：The girl raised various flowers in the backyard. 这个女孩在后院种了各种花。
arise 不及物动词 发生，产生，出现: A heavy storm arose at night. 一场大暴雨在夜晚出现。
(由...)引起：His accident arose from/ arose out of his carelessness. 他的事故是由他的粗心引起的。
起身，起床：He usually arises at 6 and does some exercise. 他通常六点起床，然后进行一些锻炼。
arouse 及物动词 激起，引起(感情、态度)：Going to the library aroused his interest in reading. 去图书馆引发了他对阅读的兴趣。
常见的不及物动词短语有：
break out (战争或疾病等)爆发 take place 发生 run out 用完，耗尽
belong to 属于 originate from 来源于 date back to=date from 追溯到
come into being 形成，产生 come out 出版 come about 发生
arise from 由......引起 give out 用完，耗尽 break down 出故障；身体出毛病；(化合物等)分解；（计划等）失败
consist of 由......组成 go out 熄灭 die out (风俗习惯等)消失；(物种欧等)灭绝
1．（2024·天津南开·一模）More often than not, it is easier to make a plan than to ________ a plan.
A．come out B．carry out C．give out D．work out
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：制定计划往往比执行计划容易。A. come out出版，结果出来；B. carry out执行；C. give out分发，耗尽；D. work out解答出，锻炼。根据it is easier to make a plan than可知，制定计划往往比执行计划容易。故选B。
2．（2024·天津南开·一模）When she went outside she was temporarily ________by the sun.
A．blinded B．threatened C．opposed D．interpreted
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：走出户外时,她一时被阳光照得眼睛昏花。A. blinded使盲目；B. threatened威胁；C. opposed反对；D. interpreted口译。根据后文“by the sun”她一时被阳光照得眼睛昏花。故选A。
3．（2024·天津·一模）Through comparison, he found that the location of the 117 known Maya cities ________ to the position of the stars.
A．corporate B．correspond C．determine D．integrate
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：通过比较，他发现已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相一致。A. corporate公司的；B. correspond符合，相一致；C. determine查明，测定；D. integrate（使）合并，成为一体。根据空前的the location of the 117 known Maya cities和空后的to the position of the stars可知，这里表示已知的117个玛雅城市的位置与恒星的位置相一致，correspond to意为“与……一致”。故选B。
4．（2024·天津宁河·一模）We cannot get a clear picture about the whole thing because some important information has been ________ in the news report.
A．dropped out B．turn out C．left out D．put out
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于新闻报道漏掉了一些重要的信息，我们无法对整个事情有一个清楚的了解。A. dropped out退出；B. turn out结果是；C. left out遗漏；D. put out熄灭。根据上文“We cannot get a clear picture about the whole thing”可知,无法对整个事情有一个清楚的了解是因为新闻报道漏掉了一些重要的信息，故选C。
5．（2024·天津·一模）Peter has never ______ and everyone of us has to make more efforts to compensate for his
laziness.
A．let off steam B．taken a breath C．pulled his weight D．settled down
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：彼得从来没有尽到自己的责任，我们每个人都必须加倍努力来弥补他的懒惰。A. let off steam花掉多余的精力；B. taken a breath深呼吸；C. pulled his weight尽力做出贡献；D. settled down定居。根据后文“and everyone of us has to make more efforts to compensate for his laziness”指彼得从来没有尽到自己的责任，所以每个人都必须加倍努力来弥补他的懒惰。故选C。
6．（2024·天津·一模）Greenhouse gases have been speeding up the process of global warming and our climate.
A．affecting B．challenging C．promoting D．creating
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：温室气体一直在加速全球变暖的进程并影响我们的气候。A. affect影响；B. challenge挑战；C.promote促进；D. create创造。根据题意，温室气体在全球蔓延后，肯定会影响到我们的气候，故选A项。
7．（2024·天津·一模）The professor said that he was interested only in his research, and didn’t others’ opinions.
A．care about B．rely on C．believe in D．refer to
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这位教授说他只对自己的研究感兴趣，不在乎别人的意见。A.care about关心，在意；B.rely on依靠；C.believe in相信；D.refer to提到。根据上文“The professor said that he was interested only in his research”可知，此处使用care about“关心，在意”符合句意，故选择A项。
8．（2024·天津河东·一模）Thomas Edison considered genius to be ______one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
A．compared with B．constituted in C．consisted of D．composed of
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：托马斯·爱迪生认为天才是由百分之一的灵感和百分之九十九的汗水组成的。A. compared with相比；B. constituted in成立于；C. consisted of由……组成，不用于被动语态；D. composed of由……组成。根据“one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration”可知此处应用be composed of。故选D。
9．（2024·天津河东·一模）It is necessary to ______ the workshop because the company will do more and more business.
A．broaden B．increase C．extend D．spread
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有必要扩大车间规模，因为公司将开展越来越多的业务。A. broaden增长；B. increase提高；C. extend扩大；D. spread传播。根据下文“because the company will do more and more
business(因为公司将开展越来越多的业务)”可推理出空白处应填表示“扩大”含义的动词，故选C项。
10．（2024·天津红桥·一模）Nowadays, we can move around the world and still ________ the people that we want to remain friends with thanks to modern social media tools.
A．correspond with B．stay in touch with
C．lose track of D．communicate with
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如今，多亏了现代社交媒体工具，我们可以周游世界，仍然与我们想保持朋友关系的人保持联系。A. correspond with与……通信；B. stay in touch with与……保持联系；C. lose track of不了解……的情况；D. communicate with与……交流。根据“we want to remain friends with”和“thanks to modern social media tools”可知，现代社交媒体工具可以让我们与想保持朋友关系的人保持联系。故选B。
11．（2024·天津河北·一模）Life, like a musical symphony with its highs and lows, brings students bittersweet moments, like ________ a major exam, giving a presentation, or first-time boarding.
A．reciting B．observing C．sitting D．putting
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析和固定搭配。句意：生活，就像高低起伏的交响乐，给学生带来苦乐参半的时刻，比如参加大型考试，做演讲，或者第一次寄宿。A. reciting背诵；B. observing观察；C. sitting坐；D. putting放。短语sit an exam，意为“参加考试”，符合句意，故选C。
12．（2024·天津和平·一模）It is widely acknowledged that volunteer work is an important factor in ______ students’ attitudes towards social life.
A．adopting B．shaping C．claiming D．attaining
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为志愿工作是塑造学生对社会生活态度的一个重要因素。A. adopting采用；B. shaping塑造；C. claiming声称；D. attaining获得。根据后文“students’ attitudes towards social life”指塑造对社会生活态度，故选B。
13．（2024·天津和平·一模）The garden had been seriously neglected, and was completely ______ by weeds and wild flowers.
A．stepped over B．kept over C．knocked over D．taken over
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个花园被严重地忽视了，杂草和野花完全占据了它。A. stepped over跨过；B. kept over（无该用法）；C. knocked over碰翻；D. taken over接管。根据“The garden had been seriously neglected”可推知，这个被忽视的花园应该是长满了杂草和野花，即杂草和野花完全占据（接管）了它。故选D。
14．（2023·天津·二模）I was ________ when Kenny wanted me to take care of his dog for a few days. I hate dogs.
A．brought under control B．set in motion
C．taken into account D．put on the spot
【答案】D
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：当肯尼要我照顾他的狗几天时，我很为难。我讨厌狗。A. brought under control把……控制起来；B. set in motion启动、使开始运作起来；C. taken into account考虑到；D. put on the spot使陷入困境。根据后面的I hate dogs.可知，应该是感到为难。故选D项。
15．（2023·天津·二模）The trick of acquiring excellent grades, now, is to hold as much determination as you need and to ________ the desire of laziness.
A．obtain B．resist C．convey D．distribute
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得优异成绩的诀窍是要有足够的决心，并抵制懒惰的欲望。A. obtain获得；B. resist抵制；C. convey表达；D. distribute分发。根据后文“the desire of laziness”可知，此处指抵制懒惰的欲望。故选B。
16．（2023·天津·二模）Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature, and now scientists are starting to ________.
A．hold back B．move on C．catch up D．get across
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的祖先曾享受过大自然的治愈力量，现在科学家们开始追赶大自然的治愈力量。A. hold back阻止；B. move on继续前进；C. catch up追赶，赶上；D. get across被理解，解释清楚。结合句意可知，此处表示“赶上”应为catch up。故选C项。
17．（2023·天津河西·三模）Though the young girl earns less than 2000 dollars a month, she still ______ some money every month for special goals.
A．hands out B．takes on C．sets aside D．watches over
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：尽管这个女孩一个月挣不到2000美元，但她仍然会每个月存下一部分钱用于特殊情况。A. hands out分发；B. takes on呈现；C. set aside留出，储存；D. watches over看守，照管。根据句意可知，此处指她会留出一些钱。故选C。
18．（2023·天津河西·三模）Governments around the world should join the campaign to encourage their citizens to ______ a healthy diet and take up some form of physical activity.
A．approve B．adopt C．attract D．admit
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界各国政府应该加入这场运动，鼓励其公民采用健康饮食并进行某
种形式的体育活动。A.approve通过；B.adopt采用；C.attract吸引；D.admit录取。根据“a healthy diet and take up some form of physical activity”可知，此处是指采用健康饮食。故选B。
19．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）Traditional tea roasting is a delicate technique that involves using hands to________the temperature in the pan.
A．consult B．assess C．require D．seek
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：传统的烤茶是一种精细的技术，需要用手来评估锅中的温度。A. consult咨询；B. assess评估；C. require需要；D. seek寻找。根据下文“the temperature in the pan (锅中的温度)”可知，传统的烤茶需要用手来评估锅中的温度，空白处应填表示“评估”含义的动词，故选B项。
20．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）China is working hard to________the full potential of higher education and will move faster to build world-class universities.
A．take in B．set aside C．bring out D．give away
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：中国正在努力充分发挥高等教育的潜力，加快建设世界一流大学。A. take in吸收；B. set aside搁置；C. bring out使显现，使特点或品质更加突出；D. give away赠送。根据后文“the full potential of higher education”可知，此处指中国正在努力充分发挥高等教育的潜力，故选C。
21．（2023·天津·一模）The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means of goods was carrying loads on their back or head.
A．innovating B．transporting C．producing D．measuring
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，最早的旅行方式是步行，人类最早的运输货物的方式是背上或头上负重。A. innovating改革；B. transporting运输； C. producing生产；D. measuring测量。根据后文“goods was carrying loads on their back or head”可知是在说明人类最早的运输货物的方式是背上或头上负重。故选B。
22．（2023·天津河北·二模）They are constantly revising the dictionary to________changes in language.
A．cast B．suffer C．reflect D．prevent
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不断修订字典以反映语言的变化。A. cast投射；B. suffer遭受；C. reflect反映，反射；D. prevent阻止。根据句意可知，此处为动词reflect“反映”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
23．（2023·天津南开·二模）We will ________ restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster, including transportation, communications and water supply.
A．accommodate B．accumulate C．accelerate D．accustom
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将加快灾后恢复重建，包括交通、通信和供水。A. accommodate为……提供住宿；B. accumulate积累；C. accelerate加快；D. accustom使习惯于。由“restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster”可知，句子表示“我们将加快灾后恢复重建”，空格处意为“加快”，故选C。
24．（2023·天津·二模）Having worked as a doctor for so many years, Mr. White has________rich experience in battling with various diseases.
A．accumulated B．reserved C．increased D．developed
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：怀特先生从医多年，积累了与各种疾病作斗争的丰富经验。A. accumulated积累；B. reserved保留、贮备；C. increased增加、增强；D. developed开发、发展、养成。根据前面的“Having worked as a doctor for so many years”及句意可知，工作多年，应该是积累了丰富经验，accumulated符合句意。故选A项。
25．（2023·天津·二模）Peacock Dance by Yang Liping comes from a traditional belief that it aims to________the Dai women’s beauty.
A．bring out B．show off C．pass down D．turn up
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：杨丽萍的《孔雀舞》源于一种传统观念，认为它旨在展现傣族女性的美。A. bring out使明显； 拿出；展现；B. show off炫耀；C. pass down传递；D. turn up出现。根据“the Dai women’s beauty.”可知，杨丽萍的《孔雀舞》展现傣族女性的美。故选A。
26．（2023·天津和平·二模）Faced with a declining population and workforce, Japan has been increasingly ________ robots for help.
A．turning to B．putting away C．taking up D．holding back
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：面对人口和劳动力的下降，日本越来越多地求助于机器人。A. turning to求助于； B. putting away整理，收拾； C. taking up从事；占据； D. holding back阻止。根据句中“Faced with a declining population and workforce”可知，人口和劳动力的下降，因此此处指日本转向机器人求助。故选A。
27．（2023·天津和平·二模）A very popular thing to do on Boxing Day is to go shopping and ________ the sales.
A．keep pace with B．take advantage of
C．look forward to D．throw a light on
【答案】B
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：节礼日最流行的一件事就是去购物，好好利用这次促销活动。A. keep pace with
跟上……的步子； B. take advantage of利用； C. look forward to期盼；盼望； D. throw a light on阐明。结合句中前后内容可知，这里指充分利用促销活动，选项B符合题意，故选B。
28．（2023·天津和平·二模）Major depression requires medical treatment, but physical activity, especially those done outdoors, can help ________ symptoms.
A．ease B．limit C．strike D．process
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：重度抑郁症需要药物治疗，但体育活动，尤其是户外活动，可以帮助缓解症状。A. ease缓解；B. limit限制；C. strike罢工；D. process处理。根据上文“but physical activity, especially those done outdoors, can help”指户外活动可以缓解抑郁症的症状。故选A。
29．（2023·天津·二模）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．permitting B．reflecting C．reviewing D．investigating
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：城市是人类手和思想的产物，反映了人的智慧和创造力。A. permitting允许；B. reflecting反映；C. reviewing回顾，反思；D. investigating调查。根据A city is the product of the the human hand and mind可知，城市是人类手和思想的产物，应是“反映”了人的智慧和创造力，故选B。
30．（2023·天津河东·二模）In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors can the natural advantage of women compared to men.
A．challenge B．guarantee C．confirm D．affect
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在所有地区，妇女的寿命都比男子长。然而，社会、文化和经济因素会影响女性相对于男性的天然优势。A. challenge挑战；B. guarantee保证；C. confirm确认；D. affect影响。根据“In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic factors”可知，社会、文化和经济因素也会影响到寿命。故选D。
31．（2023·天津河东·二模）—The soup needs a bit of flavor.
—I know, some tomato juice should .
A．set in motion B．carry on C．do the trick D．go wild
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：——汤需要一点味道。——我知道，加点番茄汁就可以了。A. set in motion使……运动；B. carry on继续进行；从事；C. do the trick达到目的；有效；D. go wild狂怒； 狂热。根据“The soup needs a bit of flavor.”可知，没有味道的汤中加点番茄汁就达到目的了。故选C。
32．（2023·天津河西·二模）Colors like green can ________ a sense of life and quietness to people.
A．acquire B．remark C．investigate D．convey
【答案】D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像绿色这样的颜色可以给人一种充满生机和安静的感觉。A. acquire获得；B. remark评论；C. investigate调查；D. convey传达。根据“a sense of life and quietness to people”可推知，这种给人的感觉是绿色一类的颜色传达给人们的，即convey。故选D。
33．（2023·天津河北·一模）The school ________ with reading lessons that taught students to guess the meaning of new words.
A．did the trick B．paved the way
C．braved the elements D．broke new ground
【答案】D
【详解】考查习语。句意：学校在阅读课上开创了新方法，教学生猜测新单词的意思。A. did the trick获得成功；B. paved the way铺平道路；C. braved the elements不惧酷境；D. broke new ground开辟新领域、开创新方法。结合“taught students to guess the meaning of new words”可知，应该是学校在阅读课上开创了新方法。故选D项。
34．（2023·天津河北·一模）I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has ________ it ever since.
A．spotted B．applied C．claimed D．discovered
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在学校捡了一个钱包递给了班主任，但从那以后就再也没有人认领过。A. spotted注意到；B. applied申请；C. claimed认领、索取；D. discovered发现。结合“I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher”和but可知，应该是无人认领钱包。故选C项。
35．（2023·天津·一模）The engine of the ship was out of order and the coming typhoon ________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A．added to B．resulted from C．turned out D．made up
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：轮船的发动机出了故障，即将到来的台风使海上的船员更加无助。A. added to增加；B. resulted from起因于；C. turned out结果是；D. made up编造。根据句意可知，即将来临的台风增加了船员的无助。故选A项。
36．（2023·天津南开·一模）Being a college professor________ you the opportunity simply to write and do research.
A．liberates B．affords C．occupies D．facilitates
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：做一名大学教授给你提供了写作和做研究的机会。A. liberates解放；B. affords提供；C. occupies占用，使从事；D. facilitates促进。结合句意，“当教授”这件事“提供（机
会）”，用afford；本句描述一般性事实，时态采用一般现在时；动名词做主语，看作单数，主谓保持一致。故选B项。
37．（2023·天津南开·一模）The differences in achievement in math between the students are partly ________ by differences in age.
A．counted on B．referred to
C．accounted for D．dealt with
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生之间数学成绩的差异部分是由于年龄的差异造成的。A. counted on指望；B. referred to指的是，参考；C. accounted for是……的原因，导致；D. dealt with处理，应对。结合句意可知，此处是指学生数学成绩差异是年龄差异造成的。故选C。
38．（2023·天津河东·一模）—Peter can’t concentrate on his work recently.
—Yes, that might________ why he made a big mistake in preparing for the meeting.
A．allow for B．apply for C．account for D．call for
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——彼得最近不能专注于他的工作。——是的，这也许可以解释为什么他在准备会议时犯了一个大错误。A. allow for考虑到；B. apply for申请；C. account for是……的说明；D. call for要求。分析句子结构可知，此空位于情态动词之后，所以使用动词原形，结合句意可知，此处表示“是……的解释”应为account for符合句意。故选C项。
39．（2023·天津·一模）______ my high school life, I’d like to give the most important advice—to read the wonderful works from the writer Maya Angelou.
A．Attaching significance to B．Looking back on
C．Taking advantage of D．Losing track of
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：回顾我的高中生活，我想给最重要的建议——阅读作家玛雅·安杰洛的精彩作品。A. Attaching significance to认为……很重要；B. Looking back on回顾；C. Taking advantage of利用；D. Losing track of失去联系。根据句意可知，此处表示“回顾”应为look back on符合语意，分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语均为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故选B项。
40．（2023·天津河东·一模）As is known to all, one way for people to prevent COVID-19 is to open the windows to allow the air to________.
A．calculate B．circulate C．investigate D．accelerate
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，人们预防新冠肺炎的一种方法是打开窗户，让空气流通。A. calculate计算；B. circulate循环；C. investigate调查；D. accelerate加速。根据上文“to open the windows”
可知，此处表示开窗让空气循环（流通）。故选B。专题06 动词及动词短语辨析
目 录
01 挑战真题·查知识漏洞
02 回顾教材·补知识漏洞
回顾核心考点
易混易错归纳
03 知识通关演练
1．（2023·天津·高考真题）________a small amount of money each month is widely recognized as a good habit for personal finance management.
A．Picking out B．Putting aside C．Giving away D．Getting back
2．（2023·天津·高考真题）On April 22 every year, people around the world mark Earth Day by _________ the environment.
A．adapting to B．benefiting from C．caring for D．relying on
3．（2023·天津·高考真题）We are determined that our teacher training programs should ________ current developments in the field of education.
A．catch sight of B．make room for C．take pride in D．keep pace with
4．（2022·天津·高考真题）If we continue to________ environmental problems, we will regret it sooner or later.
A．highlight B．identify C．ignore D．prevent
5．（2021·天津·高考真题）Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years.
A．stayed B．turned C．grown D．got
6．（2021·天津·高考真题）I wanted to make dumplings but found I had ________ flour, so I went out to buy some.
A．made up for B．run out of C．kept away from D．got down to
7．（2021·天津·高考真题）Henry David Thoreau was happy to ________ from social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life.
A．judge B．differ C．withdraw D．benefit
8．（2020·天津·高考真题）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A．take up B．carry out C．keep on D．put off
9．（2020·天津·高考真题）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A．drank a toast to B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on D．made an apology to
10．（2020·天津·高考真题）We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she ______, saying that she felt like walking.
A．understood B．accepted C．compromised D．declined
11．（2020·天津·高考真题）The company is willing to ______________ the new technology if it can be shown to reduce production costs.
A．look over B．bring in C．put aside D．knock out
回顾核心考点
常见的动词短语
1.break break down (机器)出故障；(身体)出毛病;(计划等)失败；(化合物)分解
break out (战争、疾病等)爆发
break in 破门而入(in后不可以加宾语)
break into 破门而入(into后要加宾语)
break through 突破
break off 折断；突然终止
break up 解散；分手
break away from 脱离；逃脱
2.bring bring in 引入；赚得
bring down 降低，减少；打垮，击败
bring back 使回想
bring up 抚养；提出；呕吐
bring out 使显现；阐明
3.call call for 需要，要求
call back 回电话
call in 召来
call off 取消
call on 号召；拜访某人
call up 打电话；使想起
4.cut cut in 打断(谈话)；插嘴
cut off 中断
cut out 剪下；删掉
cut down 砍到；削减(on)
cut across 抄近道
cut up 切碎
5. fall fall apart 破裂，破碎
fall behind 落后
fall off 下降；数量减少
fall over 发生故障，死机
6.get get on/along 进展；相处
get away with 携某物潜逃；做(坏事)不受惩罚
get away from 远离
get around/about 各处走动；传播
get by 设法过活；勉强应付
get down 写下，记下
get down to 着手做……
get over 克服
get through 完成；通过；接通电话
7. go go for 支持，赞成
go against 反对，违反
go ahead 继续；走在前面
go in for 参加考试(或竞赛)
go off 离开；爆炸；(警报器等)发出巨响
go out 出去：(火或灯光)熄灭
go over 复习
go through 完成；通过；仔细查看
go without 没有……也行
8.hold hold back 阻挡；抑制，控制(感情等)
hold on 别挂断，等一下；坚持
hold on to 抓住
hold out 维持，坚持；伸出手
hold up 支持住；举起，抬起
keep off 远离
9.keep
Keep up (沿用、保持)某物；使某物保持高水平
keep to 遵守(诺言等)
keep up with 保持不落下
keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事
keep on 继续做.......
10.look look after 照顾
look up 查阅；抬头向上看
look into 调查；注视
look on...as... 把......当作......
look up to 尊敬
look down upon/on 看不起
look through 浏览
look back on 回顾
look out (for) 当心，提防
look over 查看，检查
11.make make up 编造；化妆；组成、构成
make out 理解，弄明白
make for 促进，有利于
make up for 弥补
12.pull pull in 进站停靠
pull out (车辆或司机)驶离
pull over 靠边停下
pull up 停车
pull away (车辆)开动
pull down 拆毁，摧毁
pull through (大病、手术后)康复；完成、做成
13.put put down 写下，记下
put away 将.....收起；把......放回原处
put forward 提出；拨快(时钟指针)
put up 留某人住宿；搭建；张贴；举起
put off 推迟
put on 穿上；上演
put out 熄灭；出版；生产
put through 完成；使成功；
put together 组装
14.set set off 出发；燃放；引起
set out 出发；着手做......
set about 着手做......
set aside 把......放在一边
set down 写下，记下
set up 建立
15.take take down 写下，记下
take up 占据；开始从事
take off 起飞；脱下；成功
take after 像
take apart 拆开
take on 呈现；承担；雇佣
take out 取出，拿出
take over 接管；占上风
take to 开始喜欢
易混易错归纳
区分rise, raise, arouse & arise
词汇 动词形式 含义及例句
rise 不及物动词 上升：The river rose by some meters because of the flood. 因为洪水，河水上升了几米。
起身;起床：She rose to her feet and came up to her teacher. 她起身站起来，走向她的老师。
raise 及物动词 举起，提起：She raised the gun and fired. 她举起枪开火。
增加，提高：He raised his voice to frighten his kids. 他提高声音吓唬他的孩子。
筹募，召集：He set about raising funds for the charity. 他着手为这个慈善机构筹集资金。
引起，导致：The plan for the new development in the park raised people’s objection. 这个公园的新的发展计划引起了人们的反对。
抚养，养育：Raised in the countryside, he cannot adapt to the life in the city. 因为他在乡下被抚养长大，他不能适应城市的生活。
饲养，培育，种植：The girl raised various flowers in the backyard. 这个女孩在后院种了各种花。
arise 不及物动词 发生，产生，出现: A heavy storm arose at night. 一场大暴雨在夜晚出现。
(由...)引起：His accident arose from/ arose out of his carelessness. 他的事故是由他的粗心引起的。
起身，起床：He usually arises at 6 and does some exercise. 他通常六点起床，然后进行一些锻炼。
arouse 及物动词 激起，引起(感情、态度)：Going to the library aroused his interest in reading. 去图书馆引发了他对阅读的兴趣。
常见的不及物动词短语有：
break out (战争或疾病等)爆发 take place 发生 run out 用完，耗尽
belong to 属于 originate from 来源于 date back to=date from 追溯到
come into being 形成，产生 come out 出版 come about 发生
arise from 由......引起 give out 用完，耗尽 break down 出故障；身体出毛病；(化合物等)分解；（计划等）失败
consist of 由......组成 go out 熄灭 die out (风俗习惯等)消失；(物种欧等)灭绝
1．（2024·天津南开·一模）More often than not, it is easier to make a plan than to ________ a plan.
A．come out B．carry out C．give out D．work out
2．（2024·天津南开·一模）When she went outside she was temporarily ________by the sun.
A．blinded B．threatened C．opposed D．interpreted
3．（2024·天津·一模）Through comparison, he found that the location of the 117 known Maya cities ________ to the position of the stars.
A．corporate B．correspond C．determine D．integrate
4．（2024·天津宁河·一模）We cannot get a clear picture about the whole thing because some important information has been ________ in the news report.
A．dropped out B．turn out C．left out D．put out
5．（2024·天津·一模）Peter has never ______ and everyone of us has to make more efforts to compensate for his laziness.
A．let off steam B．taken a breath C．pulled his weight D．settled down
6．（2024·天津·一模）Greenhouse gases have been speeding up the process of global warming and our climate.
A．affecting B．challenging C．promoting D．creating
7．（2024·天津·一模）The professor said that he was interested only in his research, and didn’t others’ opinions.
A．care about B．rely on C．believe in D．refer to
8．（2024·天津河东·一模）Thomas Edison considered genius to be ______one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
A．compared with B．constituted in C．consisted of D．composed of
9．（2024·天津河东·一模）It is necessary to ______ the workshop because the company will do more and more business.
A．broaden B．increase C．extend D．spread
10．（2024·天津红桥·一模）Nowadays, we can move around the world and still ________ the people that we want to remain friends with thanks to modern social media tools.
A．correspond with B．stay in touch with
C．lose track of D．communicate with
11．（2024·天津河北·一模）Life, like a musical symphony with its highs and lows, brings students bittersweet moments, like ________ a major exam, giving a presentation, or first-time boarding.
A．reciting B．observing C．sitting D．putting
12．（2024·天津和平·一模）It is widely acknowledged that volunteer work is an important factor in ______ students’ attitudes towards social life.
A．adopting B．shaping C．claiming D．attaining
13．（2024·天津和平·一模）The garden had been seriously neglected, and was completely ______ by weeds and wild flowers.
A．stepped over B．kept over C．knocked over D．taken over
14．（2023·天津·二模）I was ________ when Kenny wanted me to take care of his dog for a few days. I hate dogs.
A．brought under control B．set in motion
C．taken into account D．put on the spot
15．（2023·天津·二模）The trick of acquiring excellent grades, now, is to hold as much determination as you need and to ________ the desire of laziness.
A．obtain B．resist C．convey D．distribute
16．（2023·天津·二模）Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature, and now scientists are starting to ________.
A．hold back B．move on C．catch up D．get across
17．（2023·天津河西·三模）Though the young girl earns less than 2000 dollars a month, she still ______ some money every month for special goals.
A．hands out B．takes on C．sets aside D．watches over
18．（2023·天津河西·三模）Governments around the world should join the campaign to encourage their citizens to ______ a healthy diet and take up some form of physical activity.
A．approve B．adopt C．attract D．admit
19．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）Traditional tea roasting is a delicate technique that involves using hands to________the temperature in the pan.
A．consult B．assess C．require D．seek
20．（2023·天津滨海新·三模）China is working hard to________the full potential of higher education and will move faster to build world-class universities.
A．take in B．set aside C．bring out D．give away
21．（2023·天津·一模）The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means of goods was carrying loads on their back or head.
A．innovating B．transporting C．producing D．measuring
22．（2023·天津河北·二模）They are constantly revising the dictionary to________changes in language.
A．cast B．suffer C．reflect D．prevent
23．（2023·天津南开·二模）We will ________ restoration and reconstruction of the area after the disaster, including transportation, communications and water supply.
A．accommodate B．accumulate C．accelerate D．accustom
24．（2023·天津·二模）Having worked as a doctor for so many years, Mr. White has________rich experience in battling with various diseases.
A．accumulated B．reserved C．increased D．developed
25．（2023·天津·二模）Peacock Dance by Yang Liping comes from a traditional belief that it aims to________the Dai women’s beauty.
A．bring out B．show off C．pass down D．turn up
26．（2023·天津和平·二模）Faced with a declining population and workforce, Japan has been increasingly ________ robots for help.
A．turning to B．putting away C．taking up D．holding back
27．（2023·天津和平·二模）A very popular thing to do on Boxing Day is to go shopping and ________ the sales.
A．keep pace with B．take advantage of
C．look forward to D．throw a light on
28．（2023·天津和平·二模）Major depression requires medical treatment, but physical activity, especially those done outdoors, can help ________ symptoms.
A．ease B．limit C．strike D．process
29．（2023·天津·二模）A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．permitting B．reflecting C．reviewing D．investigating
30．（2023·天津河东·二模）In all regions, women live longer than men. However, social, cultural and economic
factors can the natural advantage of women compared to men.
A．challenge B．guarantee C．confirm D．affect
31．（2023·天津河东·二模）—The soup needs a bit of flavor.
—I know, some tomato juice should .
A．set in motion B．carry on C．do the trick D．go wild
32．（2023·天津河西·二模）Colors like green can ________ a sense of life and quietness to people.
A．acquire B．remark C．investigate D．convey
33．（2023·天津河北·一模）The school ________ with reading lessons that taught students to guess the meaning of new words.
A．did the trick B．paved the way
C．braved the elements D．broke new ground
34．（2023·天津河北·一模）I picked up a wallet in my school and handed it to the head teacher, but no one has ________ it ever since.
A．spotted B．applied C．claimed D．discovered
35．（2023·天津·一模）The engine of the ship was out of order and the coming typhoon ________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A．added to B．resulted from C．turned out D．made up
36．（2023·天津南开·一模）Being a college professor________ you the opportunity simply to write and do research.
A．liberates B．affords C．occupies D．facilitates
37．（2023·天津南开·一模）The differences in achievement in math between the students are partly ________ by differences in age.
A．counted on B．referred to
C．accounted for D．dealt with
38．（2023·天津河东·一模）—Peter can’t concentrate on his work recently.
—Yes, that might________ why he made a big mistake in preparing for the meeting.
A．allow for B．apply for C．account for D．call for
39．（2023·天津·一模）______ my high school life, I’d like to give the most important advice—to read the wonderful works from the writer Maya Angelou.
A．Attaching significance to B．Looking back on
C．Taking advantage of D．Losing track of
40．（2023·天津河东·一模）As is known to all, one way for people to prevent COVID-19 is to open the windows to allow the air to________.
A．calculate B．circulate C．investigate D．accelerate
