新概念英语第一册讲义Lesson77-78

Unit77 Terrible Toothache
Unit78 When did you ....
一、课前回顾
1）根据汉语意思写单词
以前_________
买_________
双，对_________
流行式样_________
不舒服的_________
穿着_________
2）英汉互译
①Do you have any shoes like these _______________________________________
②但是我妹妹上周买了一双。_______________________________________
③多大尺码的？_______________________________________
④We had some shoes like those a month ago_________________________________
⑤她是在这买的吗？______________________________
⑥They were in fashion last year and the year before last. ______________________________
二、重点词汇讲解
appointment n. 约会，预约
urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的
till prep. 直至…为止
单词讲解
1）appointment n. 约会，预约
have an appointment (with sb.) （与某人）有约会
make an appointment with … 与……约会 keep an appointment守约 break an appointment 失约
拓展：appoint v. 约定，确定
When is your lunch appointment 你的午餐约定是什么时候
Can you appoint a date to meet Mr. Wang. 你能预约一个日子见见王先生吗？
2）urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的
① adj. 紧迫的；急迫的
The children in that area are in urgent need of medical attention.那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。
② adj. 催促的；坚持要求的
The cries and shouts became louder and more urgent.
拓展：urgency n. 紧迫；急迫；急事 urge v. 催促
3）till prep. 直到……为止
from … till 从……直到 up till 到……为止
同义词：until prep. 直到
until和till均可表示“直到……”之意，until可以放在句首和句中，till只能放在句中。两者常可互换使用。
三、课文及讲解
NURSE: Good morning, Mr. Croft.
MR. CROFT: Good morning, nurse.
I want to see the dentist, please.
NURSE: Do you have an appointment
MR. CROFT: No, I don't.
NURSE: Is it urgent
MR. CROFT: Yes, it is. It's very urgent.
I feel awful. I have a terrible toothache.
NURSE: Can you come at 10 a.m. on Monday, April 24th
MR. CROFT: I must see the dentist now, nurse.
NURSE: The dentist is very busy at the moment.
Can you come at 2 p.m.
MR. CROFT: That's very late.
Can the dentist see me now
NURSE: I'm afraid that he can't, Mr. Croft.
Can't you wait till this afternoon
MR. CROFT: I can wait, but my toothache can't!
课文讲解
1）Good morning, Mr Croft! Good morning ,Nurse. I want to see the dentist, please.Do you have a appointment No, I don’t.
①dentist n. 牙科医生。
②doctor n. （总称）医生，大夫。博士，因为古时医生都要得到博士学位才可以被认可，所以在英语中医生也可当博士讲，缩写形式为：Dr.
③I want to see sb. , please这一句式是表示想见某人时常用的句式之一。
see v. 有很多用法，但通常不用于进行时态。
看见，察觉 If you close your eyes, you cannot see.
观看，参看 Did you see the film The War of The World at the cinema.
看望，探望 Come and see us again soon.
理解，明白 I see.
还可以和介词或副词搭配构成动词词组：
see through sb. 识破，看穿（某人）
see sb. off 到飞机场等地为某人送别
2）Is it urgent Yes, it is. It’s very urgent! I feel awful. I have a terrible toothache.
①have a toothache牙痛
表达生病的方式有： have a headache 头痛
have a stomachache 胃痛 have a backache 背痛 have an earache 耳痛
have a fever 发烧 = have a temperature have a (bad) cold （重）感冒
②terrible adj. 可怕的，糟糕的
terrible用来修饰名词toothache作定语。
③terribly adv. 很，非常，非常糟糕地
副词terribly通常用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，作状语成分。
I’m terribly sorry. 我非常抱歉。
3）Can you come at 10 a.m on Monday, April 24th I must see the dentist now, nurse!The dentist is very busy at the moment. Can you come at 2 p.m That’s very late. Can the dentist see me now
①Can you come at… 这一句式通常用来约定见面时间。
②英语中表示时间的顺序是从小到大，与汉语的时间顺序相反。且时间状语通常放在句末。
③a.m. 和 p.m. 分别用来表示“上午”和“下午”，放在时间点（整点）之后，源自拉丁语。
比如：5 p.m. 下午5点 8 a.m. 上午8点
④busy adj. 繁忙的，在句中作表语。
be busy with sth. 忙于…… be busy doing sth. 忙于……
He is busy with his exam these days. 这段日子，他忙于考试。
My mother is busy cooking now. 我妈妈正忙着做饭呢。
其反义词是free“有空的”
⑤at the moment 此时此刻，现在；相当于now。
4）I’m afraid that he can’t, Mr Croft. Can’t you wait till this afternoon I can wait, but my toothache can’t!
①这是情态动词的否定疑问句，表示请求且加强了恳求的语气。
②till prep. = until （till多用于口语中。）意为“直到……时（为止），直到（某一时刻）”
重点短语：not … until 直到……才
I didn’t sleep until/till my father came back last night. 昨晚一直到我爸爸回来我才睡觉。
He didn’t finish his homework until/till ten p.m. yesterday. 昨天直到晚上10点他才写完作业。
四、重要语法
否定疑问句
1）定义：表示惊异、反问、失望、责难后赞叹等语气时通常用否定疑问句；也可以表示说话者的某种建议、邀请、请求或看法等。否定疑问句通常译成“难道……不……”
2）否定疑问句的结构，疑问句的简略否定式：此结构就是在一般疑问句的主语后加not（不与任何词缩写）构成
①be动词类：
Aren’t you a student 难道你不是学生吗？
Isn’t it hot here 这里难道不热吗？
②can类：
Can’t you wait a moment 你不能等一会吗？
③do类
Don’t you want to stay with us 你难道不愿意与我们呆在一起吗？
④did类
Didn't you see him yesterday 难道你昨天没看见他吗？
⑤have类
Haven’t I asked you 难道我没问过你吗？
3）否定疑问句的回答其回答形式与一般疑问句的答语一样，但翻译成汉语时，Yes要译成“不”，No要译成“是的”。英美人在回答问题是，凡与事实相符的都用Yes，不相符的都用No。
—Isn’t he a teacher 难道他不是教师吗？—Yes, he is. 不，他是。—No, he isn’t. 对，他不是。
4）否定疑问句简略式和完全式对比
①完全式：Is she not a nurse 她不是一位护士吗？
②简略式：Isn't she a nurse 她不是意为护士吗？
注意：在完全式中，not要放在主语后面，并且不能和任何词缩写。