Unit 69 The car race
Unit 70 When were they were
一、课前回顾
1)根据汉语意思写单词
缺席的_________
星期一_________
星期二_________
星期三_________
星期四_________
度过_________
周末_________
星期五_________
星期六_________
星期日_________
国家; 乡村_________
幸运的_________
教堂_________
乳品店_________
面包师傅_________
2)英汉互译
①Were you at the butcher's _______________________________________
②他周一、周二缺席了。_______________________________________
③We're going to spend three days in the country._______________________________________
④我们打算待在我妈妈家里。_________________________________
⑤I was at the greengrocer's._______________________________
⑥难道你们不幸运吗?_______________________________________
二、重点词汇讲解
year n. 年
race n. 比赛 (强调竞技性强、激烈的)
town n. 城填
crowd n. 人群
stand v. 站立
exciting adj. 使人激动的
just adv. 正好,恰好
finish n. 结尾,结束
winner n. 获胜者
behind prep.在……之后
way n. 路途(抽象)
stationer n. 文具店
Denmark n. 丹麦
单词讲解
1)year n. 年;岁;年龄
①词组
this year 今年 last year 去年 the year before last 前年 next year 明年
the year after next 后年 all the year round 一年到头 year after year 一年又一年,年复一年地
year by year 一年一年地 recent years 近年来 a child of ten(years old)一个十岁的小孩
a ten-year-old child 一个十岁的小孩
②拓展
yearly adj./adv. 每年(的),一年一度(的)
month n. 月份 date n. 日期 season n. 季节
③年份的读法:数字表示的年份通常分成两半来说:
1074 ten seventy-four 1880 eighteen eighty 1993 nineteen ninety-three
注意下面这些年份的读法:
1902 ①nineteen O two ②nineteen hundred and two
1600 sixteen hundred 2000 two thousand 2005 two thousand and five
2)race n. 比赛,赛跑;(有一定体态特征的)人种,种族;(生物)的种,属,类;v. 竞赛,比赛
car race车赛 in the race在比赛中 at the race 在赛场上
the women’s race 女子赛跑 the human race 人类 the black(white)races 黑色(白色)人种
I’ll race you to the end of the road. 我和你比谁先跑到路的尽头。(race此句中为动词)
3)crowd n. 人群;v. 聚集,群集;拥挤,挤满
①in the crowd在人群中
You can see us in the crowd.在人群中,你看不到我们。
②crowd v.挤上去
crowd into拥护,挤进……
get on the bus 上公共汽车 crowd into the bus 挤公共汽车
I get up at 7 o'clock every morning. Then I crowd into the bus.我每天早上7点起床,然后我挤公交。
③crowded adj.拥挤的
词组:a crowd of… 一群…, 一伙儿 crowds of… 一群,一伙儿 be crowded with… 挤满…
crowd around 挤在…的周围 crowd into 拥护,挤进……
The hall is crowded with people. 大厅里挤满了人。
A large crowd of people are waiting in front of the gate. 一大群人在门前等着。
4)stand v. 站立;忍受[无进行时;用于否定、疑问句][+名或代;+to-v.-ing]
① v. 站立,起立
They stood because there were no seats.没有座位,所以他们只好站着。
② v. (建筑物)直立,耸立;(植物)直立生长
Look at the corn standing in the fields!瞧那长在地里的玉米!
③can’t stand doing sth 无法忍受做....
I can’t stand him smoking. 我无法忍受他吸烟。
词组:stand up 站起,竖起 stand by 袖手旁观 stand for 代替,代表,象征
5)finish n. 结尾,结束
① n. 结束;最后阶段(或部分)
an exciting finish一个让人兴奋的结局
At eleven the dinner finally dragged to a finish. 宴会拖到11点才结束。
② n. 完美,完善;(举止等)优雅
His dancing lacks finish. 他的舞跳得并不完美。
I hoped that four years of college would give him some finish.我希望4年的大学教育会使他有些教养。
③ v. 完成
finish (v. )+ doing sth. 完成做...
I finished reading that book last week.上周我读完了那本书。
6)town n. 城镇
go to town 进城 downtown n. 市中心区 city n. 城市 country n. 乡村
7)exciting adj. 使人激动的,令人兴奋的
①以ing结尾的形容词用来修饰物
exciting news 振奋人心的消息
②excited adj. 激动的,兴奋的(以ed结尾的形容词修饰人)
He is excited at the exciting news. 听到这个令人兴奋的消息,他很激动。
8)just adv. [不用于否定句中]正好,恰好;刚刚;只是;仅仅
just as 正像;正当…的时候 just now 刚才 just the same 完全一样 just then 就在那时
9)winner n. 获胜者([反]loser)
win v. 赢得,获胜
10)behind prep. 在……之后(指位置的先后)
in front of 在……前面
11)way n. 路途,道路;方法,方式;方面,方向
way:一般指想象中抽象的路
on one’s way home/ to school回家的路/上学的路
road:路,城市与乡间的路,国道,指具体的路 3 ring road 三环路
street:街道 lane:胡同 path:路径,林间小路
route:路线 highway:高速路
短语:
by the way 顺便提一下 by way of 通过……方式 in a way 在某种程度上
in the way 挡道;妨碍 this way,please这边请
on one’s way to … 在去……的路上(当to 后面加地点副词home, here, there等时,to要省略)
三、课文及讲解
There is a car race near our town every year. In 1995, there was a very big race.
There were hundreds of people there. My wife and I were at the race. Our friends Julie and Jack were there, too. You can see us in the crowd. We are standing on the left.
There were twenty cars in the race. There were English cars, French cares, German cars, Italian cars, American cars and Japanese cars.
It was an exciting finish. The winner was Billy Stewart. He was in car number fifteen. Five other cars were just behind him.
On the way home, my wife said to me, 'Don't drive so quickly! You're not Billy Stewart!'
课文讲解
1)There is a car race near our town every year. In 1995, there was a very big race.
第一句话中有every year“每年”一般现在时的标志,所以第一句话为there be句型的一般现在时;第二句话中有in 1995“在1995年”为一般过去时标志,所以第二句话为there be句型的一般过去时。由于a very big race为单数形式,所以用了is的过去式was。
2)There were hundreds of people there. My wife and I were at the race. Our friends Julie and Jack were there, too. You can see us in the crowd. We are standing on the left.
①本句是there be句型的一般过去时,hundreds of people是复数形式,所以用了were。
②hundreds of“数以百计的”,同样的结构还有thousands of“数以千计的”,millions of“数以万计的,无数的”。这些短语都表达一个模糊的数字,而且s和of要同时存在。如果在这些词前面加上了1、2、3等基数词,词尾就不能加s,且更不能用of,five hundreds就是错误的。
③第一句中的主语是my wife and I,为复数形式,所以谓语动词用were。由and连接的两个主语谓语动词用单数形式。
④at the race“观看比赛”,此处at意为“出席”。
⑤Julie and jack是Our friends的同位语成分。
同位语:用一个名词(或其他形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释、说明、限定,那么前一个名词就叫做后一个名词的同位语。同位语通常与被限定词紧挨在一起,或用逗号隔开。
⑥in the crowd表示“在人群中”。crowd表示“人群”的意思,例如:a crowd of people“许多人”。crowded表示“拥挤的”,例如:crowded street“拥挤的街道”。
⑦on the left“在左边”,还可以说成on the left hand side,那么“在右边”就是on the right和on the right hand side。
3)There were twenty cars in the race. There were English cars, French cares, German cars, Italian cars, American cars and Japanese cars.It was an exciting finish. The winner was Billy Stewart. He was in car number fifteen. Five other cars were just behind him.
①exciting“令人激动的”,是动词excite“使激动”变化而来的现在分词形式,用作形容词,用来形容事物,例如:This is an exciting story. 这是一个激动人心的故事。动词excite的过去分词形式excited也用作形容词,用来形容人,表示“激动的”,例如:I feel very excited. 我感到非常激动。
类似的还有:
interest — interesting — interested 使感兴趣 — 有趣的 — 感兴趣的
tire — tiring — tired 使疲惫,使厌烦 — 令人疲劳的 — 疲倦的,累的
bore — boring — bored 令人厌烦 — 无聊的,单调的 — 无聊的,厌烦的
②finish在句中是一个名词,表示“结尾,结束”的意思。例如:the finish of a race赛跑终点。还可以作动词“完成”,例如:You must finish your homework today. 你今天必须写完作业。
③winner是由动词win衍生出来的,表示“赢家”。注意后缀是er。
④car number fifteen 表示“第15号车”。用基数词来表示次序。
Lesson 20 (Twenty)第20课 Page 4 (Four)第4页
Bus No. 101第101路车 Question 1 (One)第1个问题
⑤five other cars“其他5辆车”,other意为“其他的”,不能单独使用,后面要加可数名词复数,
other cars“其他的车”、other people“其他的人”。
此短语可替换为:another five cars, five more cars, five cars more
5)On the way home, my wife said to me, 'Don't drive so quickly! You're not Billy Stewart!'
①on the way home 在回家的路上
②say to sb跟某人说
③Don't drive so quickly.这是由don’t引导的祈使句。
四、重要语法
介词at,on和in的时间短语
①用介词at的时间短语通常可表示:确切的时间(at 10 o’clock),用餐时间(at lunchtime),其他时刻(at noon),节日(at Christmas),年龄(at the age of 27)等。
拓展:介词at可表示地点,通常用于某个小地点之前。at the butcher’s;at the office
用介词at的时间短语: 确切时间at one o’clock
用餐时间at lunchtime, at breakfast 其他时刻at noon, at midnight, at night, at midday
节日at Christmas 年龄at the age of 20
注意:节日若是Day,表示具体某天,一般用on,如on Christmas Day,(但要注意是at Christmas), on Children's Day, on Dragon Boat Day, on Christmas Eve....
另外,表示具体到某天的某段时间也是用on,如on the morning of New Year's Day
而festival一般是at,如at Spring Festival
②介词on用于周和月份中的任何一天之前。
用介词on的时间短语: 日期on September 1st 星期on Tuesday
具体某一天的早中晚on a rainy morning, on Sunday evening
③用介词in的时间短语:一天中的某段时间(in the evening),月份(in March),年份(in 1997),季节(in spring),世纪(in the 20th century),节日(in Easter week在复活节那一周),时期(in the holidays)等。
用介词in的时间段:
一天中的某段时间in the afternoon 月份in March
年份in 1998 季节in spring
世纪in the 20th century在20世纪 节日in Easter week 在复活节那一周
in the holidays在假期里
another /the other /other /others /the others的用法区别
①another和the other
another指三者及以上之中的另一个、又一个;或指另一些。如:
another student 另一个学生 another five students 另外5名学生
the other指两者之中的另一个,通常构成one……the other……
I have two rulers. One is short, but the other is long. 我有两把尺子,一个短而另一个长。
②other和others
other + n (s) = others
other意为“其他的”,后加可数名词复数形式;
Other people are talking in the park. 其他的人在公园里聊天。
others意为“其他的人或物”,后不加任何名词。
Some students are studying hard, but others are looking around the classroom. 有些学生在认真学习,而有些却在四处张望。
③the other和the others
the other + n (s) = the others
the other + n(s) 指“剩余全部的”;the others指“剩余全部的人或物”
There are many pencils on the teacher’s desk. Some (pencils) are white, but the other pencils (the others) are red.
④others和the others
others指“其他的人或物”;而the others指“剩下全部的人或物”。