2024年新高考英语三轮复习 专题72【二模】阅读理解夹叙夹议和新闻报道三年真题 最新模拟18篇（技法 真题 模拟）（原卷版+解析版）

2024年新高考英语三轮复习（全国通用）
专题72 阅读理解夹叙夹议和新闻报道三年真题+最新模拟18篇
（技法+真题+模拟）原卷版
解析版
技能专区 1
真题专区 2
模拟专区 4
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
一、阅读理解夹叙夹议文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。
二、阅读理解夹叙夹议文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。新闻报道类重视文章第一段的概括作用，特别有助于文章标题、主旨大意和写作意图题。
三、猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。
四、文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。
五、性格描述题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词描述，确定最佳答案。
六、标题概括题既要注意文章线索“点睛”作用，还要注意首尾段呼应，
尤其是尾段主旨升华。记叙文标题兼具概括性、新颖性和针对性。
六、规范训练目标：做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时7分钟/每篇。
一线教学专家谈2024英语备考
启发一：加快答题速度。阅读速度过慢，就会挤压后面两篇作文的答题时间。本次考试中，不少考生的读后续写作文第二段来不及写，非常可惜。
启发二：夯实核心词汇。尤其对答题起关键作用的词汇，如杭州二模阅读理解,考生不清楚它们的准确含义，就很容易答错题：23题 C选项中的newsletter（某组织的内部简讯）；27题 B选项中的vision（眼力；远见卓识）；28题 A选项中的adapted（进化或适应）。
启发三：多阅读话题陌生的文章。话题陌生的文章难度大（比如C篇），在考场上，考生需要“现学现卖”，即学即用，根据上下文处理和整合信息，这时候，他们的背景知识根本起不了作用。
启发四：多阅读话题抽象的文章。这类文章往往涉及哲学、书评、心理学等领域的最新发现，话题抽象，内容虚无，看不见摸不着，容易让考生困惑。
启发五：多熟悉常见题型的解题方法。杭州二模阅读理解还有段落大意、添加标题、猜测词义、举例论证、作者态度、文章出处等经典题型。在平时的阅读训练中，建议对各个题型进行有针对性的专题训练。
启发六：研究五年高考真题。研究高考阅读理解真题有助于学生了解高考的命题规律和特点。高考作为全国性的重要考试，其命题有着一定的规律性和科学性。通过深入研究真题，学生可以更清晰地认识到高考阅读理解的题型、难度、考点以及答题技巧，从而在备考过程中更加有的放矢，提高备考效率。
真题专区：练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数
（2022年全国甲卷）Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently
shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
（2022年全国甲卷）Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not
fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心
（2024·四川成都·二模）I had not hugged a friend or a family member since the pandemic until recently when my sister-in-law flew in for a brief visit. For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved
ones.
Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house.
Thankfully, I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safe inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable.
It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety. Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one another again - a friend, a relative, or even a stranger.
1．Why did the author mention her sister-in-law’s visit at the beginning
A．It reminded the author of her past hugs.
B．It encouraged the author to hug strangers.
C．It made the author think of her large family.
D．It made the author forget the pandemic temporarily.
2．What happened to the author when she lived in her hometown
A．Her mother never allowed her to go out.
B．One of her legs collapsed in an explosion.
C．She was saved by her neighbor’s timely hug.
D．She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.
3．How did the author feel when she hugged her father
A．Frightened. B．Relieved.
C．Embarrassed. D．Astonished.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this article
A．To express how she feels about war.
B．To share how important hugs are to her.
C．To introduce the ups and downs in her life.
D．To complain about the impact of the pandemic.
（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.
Sometimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts, and we get through the phone call with ease. Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight, or looking for someone to blame. Through the luck of the phone system, that person is me.
I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face. Fortunately for me, I have had years of experience in customer service, so I’m fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me.
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job — I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.
Some days though, no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone, it stays with me. I may do some deep breathing, go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air. I do this so I don’t carry that negativity on to my next call. That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life, but I don’t want to ever be the one who makes it worse. We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.
5．What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Enjoy. B．Fear. C．Expect. D．Avoid.
6．Why does the author think some callers treat her badly
A．They get angry too easily. B．They blame her for their debts.
C．They do not see her as a real person. D．They accuse her of taking their money.
7．Why does the author think she is good at her job
A．She can offer callers best advice. B．She is always respected by callers.
C．She can put herself in others’ shoes. D．She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
8．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text
A．To call for understanding of her job. B．To explain why she is good at her job.
C．To introduce what she is responsible for. D．To complain about her being treated badly.
（2024·湖北·二模）I have discovered that I have a second shadow these days as I go outside. This one, however, has four legs instead of two. It is my daughter’s adopted, black cat: Miss Alice. Every time I go out the door she is waiting on my front porch, meowing to be petted. Then she follows me down the hill to my car sometimes running in front so she can get in my way for even more petting. And when I finally return home she is there asking for attention again.
It wasn’t always this way. The very first time I saw Miss Alice she was hiding under my house just having had a family of kittens. When I looked under there I got an angry hiss (嘘声) from her, warning me I was in for a clawing if I got near her kittens. It took a lot of time, patience, kindness, love, and cat food from my daughter to tame her. At first she didn’t want to be touched at all. Then she would only allow an occasional petting. Now my daughter can pick her up and carry her up the road to her house like a little baby. It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.
I guess that is the power of love. It can heal a hurting heart. It can save a broken spirit. It can uplift a sunken soul. It can free you from fear. It can transform your life. It can even take a violent, wild cat and turn her into a puppy dog in a cat suit.
Embrace (拥抱) the love in your own life then. Welcome the love of your family and friends into your life. And let your own love flow through everything you think, everything you say, and everything you do.
9．What do we know about the cat from the first paragraph
A．It enjoys staying with the author. B．It tends to be in the author’s road.
C．It is often ignored by the daughter. D．It gets well along with the daughter.
10．What does the underlined word “tame” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Feed her up. B．Make her mild. C．Arrange for her. D．Dress her up.
11．What makes the author still smile
A．The lovely dog. B．The daughter’s love. C．The cat’s babies. D．The harmonious family.
12．What message does the text convey
A．Where there is life, there is hope.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．Love is life in its fullness like the cup with its wine.
D．Do what you fear, and fear that nature will fade away.
（2024·安徽蚌埠·三模）Were it not for my mask’s rubber covering over my nose, no doubt his warm, fishy breath would have made the experience complete, as an adult male Atlantic grey seal (海豹) inspected me to the waters that bathe Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. This was a close and magical swimming-with-seals encounter filmed for BBC Two’s Springwatch four years ago.
My job is to get people to love and connect with nature, but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted. Is it possible that we get a little too close, and love nature a little too much Certainly, for anyone working in wildlife media and tourism, the reality is that habitats and many species often can’t handle longtime close contact with humans.
Marine mammals they may be, but seals must regularly return to dry land, hauling (牵引) themselves out of the water to rest, digest, and reproduce. Haul-out sites are typically inaccessible beaches or rocky tiny islands after the tide falls away. These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed, particularly by walkers, dogs and boats full of wildlife tourists. When frightened, seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or, worse still, hard rocks, risking broken jaws or bones.
In Scotland in February 2021, a ban came into force that stopped the fisheries industry from shooting seals. Prior to this, seals in Scotland could be shot under licence. Seal groups and charities are revising their policies to no longer encourage people to seek out encounters with seals either in or out of the water, especially during the winter months when the grey seal pupping (产崽) season is in full swing.
No matter how much we love seals, remember they are terrified of us, so we really need to enjoy them from a distance. But that is not to say there can’t be a connection. Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters. The marine mammals have much to deal with, including climate change, and we have a lot to learn from these envoys (使者) from the sea.
13．Why did the author film swimming-with-seals encounter four years ago
A．To get people close to nature. B．To inspect an Atlantic grey seal.
C．To challenge himself in the waters. D．To promote BBC Two’s TV programme.
14．What is the author’s attitude to the swimming-with-seals experience
A．Contradictory. B．Tolerant. C．Uncertain. D．Supportive.
15．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 3
A．To define the haul-out sites of seals. B．To introduce the living habit of seals.
C．To prove humans’ disturbance to seals. D．To present the safety problem facing seals.
16．What does the author suggest doing
A．Stopping shooting seals completely.
B．Leaving seals alone especially in winter.
C．Reducing the influence of climate change on seals.
D．Connecting with seals indirectly by protecting them.
（2024·福建漳州·三模）Learning anything can be challenging, especially when it comes to figuring out how and what to practice. Repetition is usually essential. But you don’t want something that takes the joy out of you. I’ve been teaching myself to draw for a few years. I had improved a lot but for a long while was going nowhere. I’d tried lots of books and courses, and filled endless pages with boxes, parallel lines and figures. None of these seems to be working.
But something clicked when I started sketchbooking this year. The sketchbooks led to a shift in mindset. Rather than trying to practise, I was engaging in a practice — scribbling (涂鸦). The scribbles weren’t all good but they have become part of a whole. I’ve been absorbed ever since. I scribbled my breakfast, the fruit in the office, and other people on the train.
I spoke to Danny Gregory, a writer who blogs and makes videos about sketchbooking, to try to figure out why I had become so taken by my new practice.
“We think the practice in drawing is like that in piano, where you have to play through a series of musical notes step by step,” Gregory says. “But what if you think about practice in other terms — like a yoga practice or medical practice With those kinds of practices, you’ve learned some stuff, right Progress happens naturally. It’s not preparatory. So just follow the process and take pleasure in it. This is what matters.”
I have now filled two sketchbooks just with portraits — more than 100 scribbled over a couple of months. In them I challenged myself to include people on every page. Used to drawing ghost-town versions, the first few pages were a struggle. But I started varying my morning coffee routine to find new places where I could observe life.
My latest sketchbook will tackle the challenge of all my drawings — hands. I’ve always had problems drawing hands. It’s early days, but I’m not fearing it as I would have before because it isn’t just practice any more.
17．What was the challenge the author faced when learning to draw
A．Lack of interest in traditional practice methods. B．Little progress despite extensive efforts.
C．Difficulty in obtaining necessary resources. D．Inability to master specific drawing techniques.
18．What did the author benefit from scribbling
A．Improving hand control. B．Enriching creative expression.
C．Grasping ways to paint details. D．Accepting imperfections in art.
19．According to Gregory, which attitude toward practice should be emphasized
A．Focus on specifics is essential. B．Repetition is a fundamental key.
C．The emphasis lies in enjoying the process. D．The highlight is in well-organized exercises.
20．What message does the story convey
A．Every beginning is difficult. B．Tailored methods drive progress.
C．Art is the language of the soul. D．Integrating life enhances learning.
（2024·广西南宁·二模）The law of supply and demand determines that an overabundance of anything will lead to a decrease in price. This rule applies not only to goods and services, but also to lifestyle and fashion trends.
In the 19th century, the primitive paintings of Picasso and Matisse shook up the positive image of the French bourgeoisie (中产阶级). In the 1970s, talented musicians with tailored costumes and egos were overshadowed by a band of punk rockers who sang about the harsh realities of ordinary life in poor urban areas.
I predict that this will also happen with beauty standards. The idealized version of life portrayed in fashion magazines will reach a turning point, as people become tired of unattainable perfection.
During my time in Washington D．C． in the 1990s, I had the opportunity to interact with numerous political celebrities. While chatting with former presidents or bumping into TV pundits (名嘴) in elevators, I also assisted former Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, who was my boss’s boss. What struck me was how ordinary these people appeared in real life despite their public characters. Like everyone else, they grappled with insecurities and mood swings, even though they were constantly under the spotlight.
Yes, it was great to drop names on the phone to my friends. My father, of course, couldn’t understand why I would ever want to leave. “Because you’re not me and I’m not impressed,” I told him. We do not need to lead a luxurious life or make groundbreaking achievements to be content. Happiness can be found in living out the ordinary moments of an authentic life.
Most of us end up being ordinary people without doing anything that changes the world, but that does not mean our lives are meaningless. In fact, it is precisely this realization that leads to sustainable happiness because, when all is said and done, no one’s lifestyle is essentially better than any other’s.
21．Which of the following phrase can best replace the underline phrase in paragraph 4
A．struggled with B．put up with C．came up with D．fought with
22．What’s the author’s father’s attitude towards his decision to leave Washington D．C．
A．supportive B． indifferent C．opposed D．unimpressed
23．What does the author’s observation about political celebrities suggest
A．They are just like ordinary people.
B．They lack the ability to lead a normal life.
C．They are not as successful as they claim to be.
D．They are not as intelligent as they appear on TV.
24．What does the author want to imply in the last paragraph
A．People should strive for a better lifestyle.
B．No one’s lifestyle is inherently superior to others’.
C．People should be content with their own lifestyles.
D．People should critically evaluate other people’s lifestyles.
（2024·辽宁辽阳·二模）A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the “World’s Ugliest Lawn”. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.
The intention, according to those behind the project, was to raise awareness of “saving water on a global scale by changing the norm for green lawns”. Lawns, which can require large amounts of water to maintain, are coming under increasing examination as climate change makes periods of drought more frequent and intense.
The global initiative was launched on the official website for Gotland in Sweden. “Huge amounts of water are used to water lawns for aesthetics(美学). As the world gets warmer, lack of water in urban areas is projected to affect up to 2.4 billion people by 2050. By not watering lawns for aesthetic reasons, we can protect the availability of groundwater,” the competition organizers said.
The unlikely title has been awarded to Kathleen Murray who lives in Sandford in Tasmania, Australia. According to the organizers, Murray’s lawn “boasts deep and dry divots created by three wild bandicoots(袋狸)and not one dust-covered decimeter is wasted on watering”. Murray said in the press release about her triumph, “I am terribly proud! I knew I would have my 5 minutes of fame, even if it was for having the ugliest lawn on the planet! I am now free of ever taking care of my lawn again.”
A press release by the Gotland, office added, “For the planet and its declining stockpiles of life-giving liquid, thank you, Kathleen, as well as those naughty bandicoots damaging your lawn for the greater good.” Organizers added, “Gotland aims to show to Sweden and the world that sustainable behavior doesn’t have to be dull.”
25．What can we say about the yard competition organized in Sweden
A．People had even doubted its authenticity.
B．People worldwide were unwilling to join.
C．Its participants must be professional gardeners.
D．Its entries must agree with the existing aesthetics.
26．What is the purpose of this yard competition
A．To call on people to protect lawns. B．To encourage people to be creative.
C．To challenge the norm of aesthetics. D．To remind people of water shortage.
27．What does the underlined word “triumph” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Ambition. B．Success. C．Sorrow. D．Barrier.
28．What can be the best title for the text
A．People’s Whelming Reaction To A Yard Contest In Sweden
B．Lawns And Rare Bandicoots Calling For Urgent Protection
C．A Lawn Named The Ugliest Globally All For A Good Cause
D．The World’s Ugliest Lawn Unaccepted By The Whole World
（2024·吉林长春·三模）Nanako Hama gets a lot of mail, mostly from strangers who live in her home city of Tokyo. In light envelopes, they send locks of their hair, hoping to recycle it.
People generate a huge amount of hair waste. Nearly all of that waste ends up in landfill, where it can release harmful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.
But hair possesses useful qualities and it’s a shame to simply throw it away. That’s why people all around the world, like Hama, have been collecting hair and finding innovative ways to recycle it, including making mats (垫子) out of it for removing oil leaks,
Hama is part of the nonprofit Matter of Trust (MoT) members working at more than 60 centers dotted across 17 countries, using machines to make hair donated from local salons and individuals into square mats, which are then used to clean up the floating oil.
“Hair is particularly well-suited for this,” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier, “That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.” MoT’s mats have been used in major oil leaks, including the 2010 Deepwater Horizon and 2007 Cosco Busan incidents.
In a 2018 study, Murray, an environmental scientist at the University of Technology Sydney, in Australia found that mats made of recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair — significantly more than polypropylene (聚丙烯), a type of plastic that’s typically used to clean up floating oil.
Besides, hair is also useful as fertilizer (化肥). Hair contains a relatively high nitrogen (氪), a chemical element
crucial for plant growth, and each lock of hair is made of roughly 16 percent of this essential nutrient. Last year, more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging.
“It’s just a great way to use hair in a productive way. Hair is an answer literally hanging in front of our eyes-for oil and soil, ” Hama says.
29．What can the mat made of human hair do
A．Clear the sea of oil. B．Improve soil.
C．Take in harmful gas. D．Prevent oil leaks.
30．Which qualities of hair contribute to its innovative use
A．Its color and strength. B．Its length and amount
C．Its structure and component. D．Its weight and flexibility.
31．What’s the author’s purpose of presenting the 2018 study
A．To state a fact. B．To support a point.
C．To make a comparison. D．To clarify a concept.
32．What is Hama’s attitude towards the future of hair waste as fertilizer
A．Unclear. B．Optimistic. C．Doubtful. D．Negative.
（2024·山西晋中·二模）Millions of shipping containers are sitting empty at ports all over the world. And they’ve been a treasure for architects Ada Tolla and Giuseppe Lignano.
The two were in San Francisco recently for the opening of an exhibition at Hosfelt Gallery focused on their use of shipping containers as building materials.
The Italian “starchitects” got into the shipping container building game in the 1990s and people like shipping container buildings not only because they look interesting but also because they seem to solve a problem — finding a use for the millions of used steel shipping containers across the planet. They’re used in projects like Photoville in New York City, which transforms the containers into mini art galleries, and Monarch Village, a development for formerly unhoused people in Lawrence, Kansas. “Shipping containers are great for building with because they are modular (模块化的), movable and durable,” said California architect Douglas Burnham.
But there also exist many challenges, a significant one of which is temperature control. Those steel boxes get very cold inside in winter — and very, very hot in summer.
Joe Carroll lived in an eye-catching shipping container home designed by LOT-EK for five years. Carroll said that he appreciated many things about LOT-EK’s approach. “It’s about designing structures that are unique looking,
not just a row of cubes (立方体),” said Carroll. But Carroll also said his energy bills were sky high. “There was no heat or solar energy,” he said. “We didn’t have any of that in the home.” All that heating and cooling takes not only money but environmental resources.
So what should we do with them Critics say the most environmentally friendly use of all these unused steel shipping containers is to recycle them. “The highlight of these containers is, ‘Well, we’re saving them.’ But it doesn’t make any sense,” said San Francisco-based architect Mark Hogan of Open Scope Studio, who has publicly shared his concerns about shipping container housing. “You’d be much better off recycling the container into steel and then build out of steel studs — like the normal way you’d build a building.”
33．What was the focus of the exhibition at Hosfelt Gallery
A．Traditional building materials.
B．Artistic paintings and sculptures.
C．Architecture photography collection.
D．Shipping containers in building projects.
34．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Advantages of shipping container buildings.
B．Representative projects of LOT-EK architects.
C．Ideal locations for shipping container complexes.
D．Procedures of building shipping container projects.
35．Why is Joe Carroll mentioned in paragraph 5
A．To show the cost-effectiveness of the home.
B．To emphasize the high energy consumption.
C．To illustrate the unique design of the structure.
D．To prove the convenience of heat and solar resources.
36．What is Mark Hogan’s attitude towards shipping container housing
A．Favorable. B．Unconcerned.
C．Curious. D．Critical.
（2024·浙江嘉兴·二模）Meat cultivated (培植) from cells—with no need to raise and kill animals—is now a reality. The process of cultivating meat uses the basic elements needed to build muscle and fat and enables the same biological process that happens inside an animal. Cultivated meat is identical to conventional meat at the cellular level. But can it be made cheaply enough to replace animal agriculture
More than 150 startups are pursuing an ambitious goal: meat that doesn’t require raising and killing animals and that is affordable and tastes and feels like the meat we eat now. They are part of a young industry aiming to use cell biology to reduce the environmental impact of the world’s ever-increasing demand for meat and change global protein production the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry.
“We are addicted to meat as a species. It’s part of our culture,” said Believer founder Yaakov Nahmias. But “we thought about quantity rather than the environment, rather than sustainability.”
Although there are dozens of companies making this meat, none have yet reached commercial-level production in terms of scale or cost. From cell line development to bio-processor design, there are a number of scientific challenges to meet before cultivated meat is widely available at the market. Government policy is another challenge. Only Singapore and the U. S. allow sales of cultivated meat.
And while many people who have tried it say they like it, others find the idea distasteful. A recent survey from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that half of U. S. adults would be unlikely to try it. When they were asked why, about half said they didn’t think it would be safe. Even Nahmias’10-year-old son Oren said he would only eat traditional meat. “I feel bad” for the animals, he said, “but they are yummy!”
“Until this meat costs and tastes the same as traditional meat, it will remain a specialized product,” said Bruce Friedrich, president of the Good Food Institute.
37．Why does the writer ask a question in the first paragraph
A．To indicate an opinion. B．To present a worry.
C．To make an assumption. D．To start a discussion.
38．What does the cultivated meat industry aim to do
A．Study cell biology. B．Provide sustainable protein.
C．End world hunger. D．Help the traditional food industry.
39．What can we infer about cultivated meat
A．It is unripe for mass production. B．It is as popular as traditional meat.
C．It is safer than traditional meat. D．It is competitive in price and quantity.
40．What is Bruce Friedrich’s attitude to the future of cultivated meat
A．Enthusiastic. B．Dismissive. C．Unclear. D．Reserved.
（2024·广东佛山·二模）We’re often told to follow our dreams, and one person in Canada has done just that after building a wonderland for animals. In his own backyard, the eight water features which Robert Perkins dug into the ground are now a shelter for birds, frogs, beavers (河狸) and other animals in the middle of suburban
development. But for Perkins, creating habitat for wildlife is not only about doing his part to help the environment. It’s a labor of love for a woman he met when he was 16 years old.
Perkins met Rhonda in 1974 and the two of them hit it off. They both loved animals, and she always wished to have a place where they could live in harmony with the land. Rhonda, whom Perkins stayed with all his life, passed away in 2006. Perkins resolved to build a wonderland where her spirit could stay in peace.
Ignoring planning departments and neighbors alike, Perkins began digging large holes for water to flow. Over the course of nine years his property went from being a neighborly headache to a perfect home for wildlife.
Perkins says he won’t take all the credit for the wetland he built. When Perkins started creating the wildlife habitat in the early 2000s, a family of beavers got wind of it soon and claimed the land. “When we built our subdivisions, we cleared all the trees, dried the hills, drove all the water down to the lakes... In turn, the beavers helped dam (筑坝) and purify the water.”
Wetland habitats not only attract wildlife, but probably offer the most complete package of ecosystem services, including preventing pollution, enriching the soil, and promoting the well-being of wildlife species.
Perkins says he doesn’t need to wonder what Rhonda might think of the place; he feels her presence whenever he walks alone among the trees, the grass, and the ponds, looking at birds or beavers, and listening to the songbirds and frogs. Perkins hopes his project will one day become an educational place that local people can visit to learn about the importance of wetlands.
41．Why did Perkins build the water features
A．To fulfill his childhood dream. B．To show his love for his wife.
C．To preserve endangered wildlife. D．To adapt to suburban development.
42．Which best describes Perkins’ wetland building process
A．Effortless but creative. B．Discouraging but efficient.
C．Painful but influential. D．Demanding but rewarding.
43．What can we infer about building the wetland from Perkins’ words
A．Perkins had a strategic plan for it. B．Human’s role in it was overvalued.
C．Nature itself also played a part in it. D．Beavers were invited to help with it.
44．What is Perkins’s expectation of the wetland
A．To help spread his story. B．To be a recreational spot.
C．To bring economic value. D．To serve as an inspiration.
（2024·陕西咸阳·二模）The winning artworks from the first Young Botanical Artist Competition are appearing
in an exhibition at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew, London. The competition was open to young people aged 16 to 25 and received more than 1, 000 entries from people in 77 countries.
Botanical art is a special type of drawing or painting that helps botanists describe plants and fungi. It brings to life the tiniest details of grasses, flowers and trees, including their colour and shape, and has been an important scientific tradition for hundreds of years. In fact, Kew Gardens, which is 264 years old and home to 50, 000 plants, has always had a botanical artist in its team.
The theme of the competition was trees, and the winner of the 16 to 18 age group was Marianna Zych (aged 17) from Poland. Her entry, Prunus Serrula, shows the delicately peeling bark of the Tibetan cherry tree, which Zych created with watercolours after just one month of painting classes. The winner of the 19 to 25 category was Khanh Ly Nguyen from Vietnam, whose watercolour, Bauhinia Variegata Leaf, reveals the clear details of an orchid tree leaf.
Both will appear in an exhibition of 50 artworks at the Shirley Sherwood Gallery at Kew Gardens. All of the featured artworks were picked for their creativity and accuracy by a panel of judges that included botanical artists from around the world. The exhibition runs until April 2024 and visitors are also being asked to vote for the People’s Choice award, which will be announced in April.
Maria Devaney, who manages galleries and exhibitions at Kew Gardens, said botanical art is about inspiring curiosity and discovering the natural world. “It’s been wonderful to see such an enthusiastic response to the competition as a whole,” she said. Dr Shirley Sherwood, a writer and botanist who collects plant pictures, said she was delighted to see first-hand the next generation of talented botanical artists.
45．What can be inferred about Marianna from the third paragraph
A．She has formally studied painting since childhood.
B．She is from Poland which is full of Tibetan trees.
C．She has limited experience in watercolor painting.
D．She is famous for revealing the details of tree leaves.
46．What is Shirley’s attitude to the new generation of botanical artists
A．Skeptical. B．Indifferent. C．Disappointed. D．Optimistic.
47．What would be an appropriate title for this article
A．The Historical Significance of Botanical Illustration
B．Young Talents Blossom at the Royal Botanic Gardens
C．The Evolution of Botanical Art in Modern Times
D．Gardening Tips from the Experts at Kew Gardens
48．Where could this article most likely have been published
A．On a fashion website. B．In a gardening magazine.
C．In an academic textbook. D．In a cooking review journal.
（2024·浙江台州·二模）Five times stronger than steel, spider silk’s unique qualities were recognized by the Ancient Greeks—and more recently, scientists have looked at applications from medicine to engineering. Now, a Japanese startup, Spiber, has begun to change the textile industry with this remarkable material.
The company started by making a substitute in the lab that is similar to spider silk in structure. After studying thousands of different spider species and other silk-producing life forms, Spiber successfully produced an alternative to spider silk. This breakthrough was achieved by fermenting (发酵) a mixture of water, sugar, and nutrients with special microbes to produce protein polymers (聚合物). These polymers are then made into fibers, paving the way for a range of innovative fabrics.
However, shifting from lab to practical application presented challenges. In 2015, Spiber partnered with The North Face Japan to produce a limited-edition run of 50 “Moon Parka” jackets to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the moon landings. But during the design process, the team discovered that spider silk became smaller when exposed to water, and had to transform the protein to make the fiber suitable for an outdoor jacket, which took them four years to perfect.
Currently, the company uses sugarcane and corn for its fermentation process—crops that use large volumes of land and change food resources. To reduce its environmental impact, Spiber is developing a process called “biosphere circulation” that will transform deserted clothes made from natural materials like cotton into the sugars needed for fermentation.
With approximately 100 billion yen ($783 million) in funding, Spiber plans to significantly speed up its production of protein polymers by the end of 2025. “Mass production will help bring the price of fibers down and allow Spiber to expand beyond the high-end designer market and thus we have the means to create solutions to enable more circular fashion,” says Higashi, head of business development at Spiber. “It’s our mission to bring those solutions to the world.”
49．What breakthrough did Spiber achieve in the early research
A．It mixed various protein polymers. B．It produced a silk making machine.
C．It identified different spider species. D．It created a replacement for spider silk.
50．What was the challenge in making the “Moon Parka” jackets
A．High design costs. B．Spider silk’s sensitivity to water.
C．Limited raw materials. D．The partner’s unwillingness to help.
51．What can we know about Spiber’s “biosphere circulation” process
A．It will replace the current fermentation process.
B．It will use recycled materials for needed sugars.
C．It will promote the development of food industry.
D．It will simplify the procedure of clothing production.
52．What is Spiber’s plan
A．To raise more money for mass production. B．To increase the output of protein polymers.
C．To work with other high-end fashion brands. D．To develop a wider range of expensive fibers.
（2024·安徽·二模）Jennifer Destefano answered a call from a number she did not recognize. “Mom, I messed up,” her daughter’s voice told her, crying. “These bad men have me.” A man proceeded to demand money, or he would drug her daughter and leave her in Mexico. But while she kept him on the phone, friends managed to reach her daughter, only to discover that she was, in fact, free and well on a skiing trip in Arizona. The voice used on the phone was a fake.
Voice cloning’s influences will be huge. For several years, customers have been able to identify themselves over the phone to their bank and other companies using their voice. Not even a gifted mimic(巧于模仿的人) could fool the detection system. But the arrival of cloning will force adaptation in order to prevent cheating.
Creative industries could face the impact too. Voice actors’ skills, trained over a lifetime, can be copied in a matter of seconds. But some actors may, in fact. find cloning congenial. Val Kilmer, who has lost much of his voice to throat cancer, was delighted to have his voice restored for “Top Gun: Maverick”.
Another industry that will have to come to cope with the rise of clones is journalism. Now who will trust a story based on an audio clip(片段) Slightly easier to manage might be the false positives: recordings claiming to be someone but which are fakes. The opposite problem—the false negatives—will arise when public figures deny authentic recordings. Proving that a clip is genuine is bard, perhaps even impossible. Journalists will need to show how they obtained and stored audio files.
The term “fake news” had existed long before voice cloning. Now, ever more people caught in a crime are likely to defend themselves. “It wasn’t me. ” And many people will have even more reason to believe them.
53．What does Jennifer Destefano’s experience indicate
A．The high frequency of fake news. B．The rising crime rate in Mexico.
C．The danger of voice-cloning technology. D．The value of bravery in an emergency.
54．What does the underlined word “congenial” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Illegal. B．Ridiculous. C．Horrible. D．Agreeable.
55．Which of the following belongs to the false negatives
A．Late Beetles’ songs have been restored by voice cloning.
B．A pop star declares an authentic recording untrue.
C．Journalists prove their reports with audio clips.
D．The police identify a criminal through voice.
56．What is the most suitable title for the text
A．Voice cloning is increasingly used in journalism
B．Voice cloning is challenging our traditional ideas
C．Voice cloning is impacting different aspects of our life
D．Voice cloning is re-establishing life styles for the better
（2024·浙江绍兴·二模）Lima, the capital of Peru, is the world’s second largest desert city. The region is water-stressed. The annual rainfall is less than 4 cm. Access to water is an ongoing problem for the residents in and around the South American capital.
When industrial engineer Abel Cruz was a boy, his weekly work was to climb down a valley in the foothills of the Peruvian Andes to fetch the family’s water from a spring. “It was downhill from the house, far away and steep,” he says. Cruz began dreaming up better ways to collect water. Then he noticed that subtropical plants capture rain and mist with their wide leaves. Actually Lima doesn’t lack in humidity (湿度), averaging 83% year-round. Located in the foothills of the Andean mountains, it is close to the Pacific Ocean, which ensures that blankets of dense fog roll in for three-quarters of a year. Eventually, Abel Cruz struck upon the idea of a fog net.
Each upraised net is 20 square metres, where micro-droplets of water suspended in the foggy atmosphere condense (凝结) and drip down into collection tanks. Approximately 200 to 400 litres of water is collected daily from each net. Locals can fetch it in buckets for small-scale farming. Working in Lima with support from the Creating Water Foundation, Cruz has installed over 3, 600 nets on hillsides around the city to capture fog drifting in from the Pacific Ocean. Cruz raised funds for hundreds of nets in Peru with his revolutionary initiative Peruvians Without Water. He aims to set up even more fog harvesters, and to treat the water to make it drinkable.
“The planet has less and less fresh water,” Cruz points out, “because the glaciers that are natural reservoirs are disappearing. So we must find a way to accumulate and save water for times of drought.” The technology is life-changing for the poor households who normally have to rely on water tanks being delivered to them. His
approach ends extreme poverty and brings rural development. Moreover, he is trying to bring healthy and clean water also to urban areas lacking water.
57．Why does the author mention Cruz’s childhood experience in paragraph 2
A．To illustrate the urgency of reducing poverty.
B．To highlight his responsibility for the family.
C．To trace the origin of Cruz’s great invention.
D．To stress Lima’s terrible geographical conditions.
58．What do we know about Cruz’s invention
A．It was inspired from subtropical plants.
B．It used collection tanks to condense water.
C．It lowered costs in building irrigation channels.
D．It solved the drinking water issue with fog harvesters.
59．What may Abel Cruz’s efforts lead to
A．Guaranteeing crop harvests in Peru.
B．Promoting the recycle of water resources.
C．Ending poverty by improving traditional farming.
D．Improving the life quality for people in water-stressed areas.
60．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To describe the functions of an innovative fog-catcher.
B．To call people’s attention to the worsening water crisis.
C．To seek more support in raising funds for water collection.
D．To introduce Abel Cruz’s invention and its great significance.
（2024·浙江·二模）Three years ago, Juan Carlos Sesma had a realization. Global warming and climate change seemed to be a mounting problem, with scientific records indicating rising temperatures and sea levels across the world. At the same time forest fires, logging, and aggressive human expansion meant the supply of trees which helped to regulate and remove greenhouse gases from our atmosphere was dwindling .
He decided the best way to tackle a problem this large was to combine two of the most powerful forces emerging in technology: big data and robotics. Sesma founded a new company called CO2 Revolution, whose plan was to use drones(无人机) to better understand where new trees should be planted and to automate the process of planting so that much larger areas of forest could be repopulated. The company designed a special smart seed that
helped to deliver just the right amount of protection and nutrition to the young saplings. The overall goal was to considerably lower the time and cost of large-scale re-forestation.
CO2 Revolution isn’t alone. In the UK, a startup called Biocarbon Engineering ran a trial earlier this year where it used drones to help replant Mangrove trees in Myanmar. It has also deployed(部署) its technology in Australia, South Africa, and Morocco. “In a lot of places, people will either have a map taken by aeroplane, or just use Google Earth satellite imagery.
They’ll draw things out freehand and manually plant, either by hand or tractor,” said CEO Susan Graham in a recent interview.
The challenge for all these startups is to find ways to create a profitable, or at least sustainable, business model. For Sesma and the team at CO2 Revolution, recent regulatory action has highlighted one potential pathway. “We offer a solution that allows clients to carry out massive plantings, increasing forest mass and thus compensating for their carbon footprint.” Amid growing calls for carbon sequestration, this kind of effort might prove not just noble, but financially sensible for large corporations.
61．What drove Sesma to set up CO2 Revolution
A．Big data and robotics. B．Forest fires and human expansion.
C．Global Warming and climate change. D．Powerful forces emerging in technology.
62．What does the underlined word “dwindling” probably mean in paragraph 1
A．Declining. B．Changing. C．Recovering. D．Expanding.
63．What can we infer from the passage
A．Drones are populated in larger areas of forests.
B．CO2 Revolution calls for a profitable drone model.
C．Biocarbon Engineering sets up worldwide technology centers.
D．Smart seeds are designed to improve the accuracy of planting.
64．What does the author think of startups like CO2 Revolution
A．Conventional. B．Valueless. C．Beneficial. D．Impractical.
（2024·广西柳州·三模）Issues such as global warming and sustainability have become passionate concerns for many of the concert industry’s fans and increasingly for the musicians. Coldplay, a pop band whose members scored their first big hit in 2000 with a song called Yellow, announced in November that it wouldn’t go on tour to promote its latest album, Everyday Life, until it could find a way to make concerts more sustainable and greener to the environment.
It’s not always easy to walk the talk. A growing number of artists, including Peggy Gou, have environmental demands built into their contracts when they tour, such as bans on plastic tableware. But there’s almost no way of avoiding carbon emissions produced by a tour, which involves moving hundreds of people and tons of equipment across large distances.
Lisa Pomerantz, who books travel for acts says that real change will require action by venue owners, concert promoters, and the fans. Major acts like Coldplay can afford to stop touring while figuring out how to lessen their environmental impact. But lesser-known artists can’t stay off the road, since streaming earnings haven’t been able to compensate (弥补) for the collapse in CD and downloaded music sales. Even when concerts are aggressive about being more sustainable, the impact of audience travel can easily swamp (淹没) their efforts. For bigger acts, this can represent as much as 80% of the carbon footprint, according to a 2015 study. Another analysis showed that roughly a third of the tour’s carbon footprint came from a venue’s power consumption.
Still, even the most green-conscious bands must balance their desire to be more sustainable against the financial necessity of touring. “I absolutely think you can go on tour and have a concern about the environment. It’s a matter of just keeping our carbon footprint as low as possible,” says Flavian Graber, lead singer of We Invented Paris.
65．Why did Coldplay stop its promotion tour
A．Because it had already released a hit. B．Because it wanted a more environmentally friendly concert.
C．Because its latest album needed further improvement. D．Because they could afford the money.
66．What does the underlined part “walk the talk” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Make it. B．Talk it. C．See it. D．Appreciate it.
67．What is the best way to reduce carbon emissions according to Lisa Pomerantz
A．Stopping bands’ promotion tours.
B．Downloading music on the Internet.
C．Cutting down venues’ water and electricity consumption.
D．Combining efforts of bands, audiences and venue owners.
68．How does Flavian Graber like the idea of bands going green
A．Achievable. B．Fruitless. C．Challenging. D．Controversial.
（2024·湖北·二模）It was just after 17:00 on a mid-September evening at a historical Church in Harlem, New York City. Mostly the low-income black neighborhood sat at dining tables. In front of them was a menu listing three courses, which they only saw on TV. Each dish was prepared with “leftover” ingredients(食材), offered free of charge and placed alongside a blue card that read “you are loved” in hand-written script.
This-is-one of 14 community centers created around the world in cities like Milan, Paris, Mérida, Lima, Sydney and now New York through three-Michelin starred chef Massimo Bottura’s Food for Soul project. He started the project in 2016 with his wife, Lara Gilmore, to help fight the global problem of food waste-by using ingredients that might otherwise be thrown away by suppliers and to give socially and economically vulnerable people access to high quality meals.
Partnering with architects, artists and community leaders, the project is transforming spaces, which are not fully taken advantage of, such as churches and even a historical home into intentionally designed cultural centers equipped with kitchens, dining rooms and other facilities that help create a sense of well-being, connection and inclusion.
When I asked Bottura why he created such thoughtful. meals within beautifully appointed spaces for the low-income, he told me that everyone deserves respect and beauty-and of course, healthy food. “They come in and are completely lost because they’re not used to coming into beautiful places, like this. But once they’re here, they realize that this place is their place. It’s not my place,” he said.
Bottura’s philosophy is one that comes from the heart. T-shirts worm by volunteers at his community centers say “cooking is an act of love”, and he approaches the food served there with as much care as he does at his restaurants — “probably even more”, he said since the diners are extremely stressed and need healthy food to feel better. Bottura insists that it’s important to change the language around the food served in his community centers.
69．Why does the author describe such a scene in the first paragraph
A．To introduce Bottura’s project. B．To show the appeal of the dishes.
C．To emphasize the warm atmosphere. D．To explain how the event is organized.
70．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Privileged. B．Independent. C．Conservative. D．Disadvantaged.
71．Which of the following best describes Massimo Bottura
A．Skilled and strict. B．Caring and considerate.
C．Wealthy and humorous. D．Economical and influential.
72．What fundamental philosophy does Massimo Bottura express
A．Respect and beauty are for all. B．Beautiful places inspire respect.
C．Cooking should be a profession. D．Community centers bring people together.2024年新高考英语三轮复习（全国通用）
专题72 阅读理解夹叙夹议和新闻报道三年真题+最新模拟18篇
（技法+真题+模拟）解析版
解析版
技能专区 1
真题专区 2
模拟专区 6
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
一、阅读理解夹叙夹议文细节理解题居多，落实“定位原文”和“同义替换”。
二、阅读理解夹叙夹议文重视首尾段作用，尤其是标题概括题和写作意图题。新闻报道类重视文章第一段的概括作用，特别有助于文章标题、主旨大意和写作意图题。
三、猜词词义题注意运用“代入法”“排除法”从逻辑性和褒贬性出发。
四、文章寓意题选项字面意思和言外之意与文章主旨结合，去伪存真。
五、性格描述题注意原文定位，找到动词或形容词描述，确定最佳答案。
六、标题概括题既要注意文章线索“点睛”作用，还要注意首尾段呼应，
尤其是尾段主旨升华。记叙文标题兼具概括性、新颖性和针对性。
六、规范训练目标：做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时7分钟/每篇。
一线教学专家谈2024英语备考
启发一：加快答题速度。阅读速度过慢，就会挤压后面两篇作文的答题时间。本次考试中，不少考生的读后续写作文第二段来不及写，非常可惜。
启发二：夯实核心词汇。尤其对答题起关键作用的词汇，如杭州二模阅读理解,考生不清楚它们的准确含义，就很容易答错题：23题 C选项中的newsletter（某组织的内部简讯）；27题 B选项中的vision（眼力；远见卓识）；28题 A选项中的adapted（进化或适应）。
启发三：多阅读话题陌生的文章。话题陌生的文章难度大（比如C篇），在考场上，考生需要“现学现卖”，即学即用，根据上下文处理和整合信息，这时候，他们的背景知识根本起不了作用。
启发四：多阅读话题抽象的文章。这类文章往往涉及哲学、书评、心理学等领域的最新发现，话题抽象，内容虚无，看不见摸不着，容易让考生困惑。
启发五：多熟悉常见题型的解题方法。杭州二模阅读理解还有段落大意、添加标题、猜测词义、举例论证、作者态度、文章出处等经典题型。在平时的阅读训练中，建议对各个题型进行有针对性的专题训练。
启发六：研究五年高考真题。研究高考阅读理解真题有助于学生了解高考的命题规律和特点。高考作为全国性的重要考试，其命题有着一定的规律性和科学性。通过深入研究真题，学生可以更清晰地认识到高考阅读理解的题型、难度、考点以及答题技巧，从而在备考过程中更加有的放矢，提高备考效率。
真题专区：练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数
（2022年全国甲卷）Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently
shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
24-27 BCDD
【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。
24. B。事实细节题 根据第一段中的第二句 Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. 以及该段最后两句 ... the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. 可知，凤头鹦鹉在笼子里使用工具很熟练，给它们形状不同的“钥匙”以供选择，插入正确的“钥匙”就能把盒子里的坚果取出来。
25. C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age (在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里)”结合选项，可知，一岁儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。
26. D。推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out
whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (根据研究人员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状)”可推知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。
27. D。主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. (科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似)”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。D项“Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters (凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工)”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选D。
（2022年全国甲卷）Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
32-35 DDAA
【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
32. C。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C。
33. D。细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. (双体船更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣)”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D。
34. A。推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A。
35. A 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段的第一句 ... being young and old at the same time has its attractions. 可知，作者认为一个城市新旧并存是非常有魅力的。根据下文中 Anthony 的观点 ... a foundation built on ancient cultures with a drive and dynamism of a young country. 和最后一段 He is right ... 可知，Anthony
认为澳大利亚是一个建立在古老文化基础上并同时充满活力的年轻国家，作者认同其观点。
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心
（2024·四川成都·二模）I had not hugged a friend or a family member since the pandemic until recently when my sister-in-law flew in for a brief visit. For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.
Growing up through war in my hometown of Sarajevo, Bosnia, every moment was full of danger. On one peaceful morning, I had begged my mom to let me go outside after spending weeks indoors. She finally agreed. I was outside for only 10 minutes when I was caught in an explosion. I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house.
Thankfully, I made a full physical recovery, but the emotional scars never left me. Years later there was another explosion near my house. I was safe inside, but my father had left to buy a loaf of bread. He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable.
It is yet another sad aspect of our pandemic lives that hugging a stranger is the last thing on our minds. For many of us, even hugging a relative or a friend comes with stress and anxiety. Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug. I pray that in the not-so-distant future we can safely hold one another again - a friend, a relative, or even a stranger.
1．Why did the author mention her sister-in-law’s visit at the beginning
A．It reminded the author of her past hugs.
B．It encouraged the author to hug strangers.
C．It made the author think of her large family.
D．It made the author forget the pandemic temporarily.
2．What happened to the author when she lived in her hometown
A．Her mother never allowed her to go out.
B．One of her legs collapsed in an explosion.
C．She was saved by her neighbor’s timely hug.
D．She recovered quickly from the wounds of the war.
3．How did the author feel when she hugged her father
A．Frightened. B．Relieved.
C．Embarrassed. D．Astonished.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing this article
A．To express how she feels about war.
B．To share how important hugs are to her.
C．To introduce the ups and downs in her life.
D．To complain about the impact of the pandemic.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述的是作者嫂子来访时的一个拥抱，让作者想到了拥抱给自己和他人带来的重大影响。
1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“For everyone’s safety, we met outside. Despite the wintry weather, her hug warmed me from the inside out. It’s strange, but only now do I truly realize how much I’ve missed embracing loved ones.(为了大家的安全，我们在外面见面。尽管天气寒冷，她的拥抱还是让我从里到外感到温暖。这很奇怪，但直到现在我才真正意识到我是多么怀念拥抱所爱的人。)”可知，作者嫂子的到来让作者真正意识到有多么的怀念拥抱所爱的人，由此可知，作者一开始提到嫂子的到来是因为这让作者想到了她过去的拥抱。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I ran to my neighbor’s house for safety and threw my arms around her neck just as my legs collapsed underneath me. She hugged me with both arms and dragged me into her house.(为了安全起见，我跑到邻居家，用胳膊搂住她的脖子，就在这时，我的腿瘫倒在地。她用双臂抱住我，把我拖进了她的房子。)”可知，作者为了安全起见，跑到邻居家搂住了她的脖子，邻居双臂抱着作者进了她的房子，由此可知，她被邻居及时的拥抱救了。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He had only just missed the blast. When he came back inside, I gave him the biggest hug imaginable.(他刚好错过了爆炸。当他回到屋里时，我给了他一个能想象到的最大的拥抱。)”可知，作者的爸爸错过了爆炸，安全地回到屋中，由此可推断，作者拥抱爸爸时会感到如释重负。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Perhaps we have undervalued the impact of a simple hug. As I look back on my past, I count myself truly lucky to have been held, shielded and encouraged at some of the most key moments of my life by the almost super power of a hug.(也许我们低估了一个简单拥抱的影响。回顾我的过去，我觉得自己真的很幸运，在我生命中最关键的时刻，有一个拥抱的超级力量支撑着我，庇护着我，鼓励着我。)”并结合全文中介绍的作者关于拥抱的经历可知，本文通过介绍嫂子来访给作者的一个拥抱，让作者回想起自己过去种种拥抱的经历，由此可推断，作者的写作目的是分享拥抱对她的重要性。故选B项。
（2024·内蒙古包头·二模）You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken,
you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.
Sometimes it’s an easy task. The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts, and we get through the phone call with ease. Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight, or looking for someone to blame. Through the luck of the phone system, that person is me.
I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible. I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face. Fortunately for me, I have had years of experience in customer service, so I’m fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me.
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job — I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.
Some days though, no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone, it stays with me. I may do some deep breathing, go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air. I do this so I don’t carry that negativity on to my next call. That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life, but I don’t want to ever be the one who makes it worse. We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.
5．What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Enjoy. B．Fear. C．Expect. D．Avoid.
6．Why does the author think some callers treat her badly
A．They get angry too easily. B．They blame her for their debts.
C．They do not see her as a real person. D．They accuse her of taking their money.
7．Why does the author think she is good at her job
A．She can offer callers best advice. B．She is always respected by callers.
C．She can put herself in others’ shoes. D．She isn’t easily influenced by negativity.
8．What is the author’s main purpose in writing this text
A．To call for understanding of her job. B．To explain why she is good at her job.
C．To introduce what she is responsible for. D．To complain about her being treated badly.
【答案】5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名客服的感悟，并呼吁人们理解她的工作。
5．词句猜测题。根据上文“You hate me. You don’t even know me and you hate me. Before we’ve even spoken, you hate me. At least that’s how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call center.(你恨我。你根本不了解我，还恨我。我们还没说话，你就烦我了。至少这是我作为一个呼叫中心的女催收员在电话里的感觉。)”和下文“... because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call.(因为我永远不知道电话的另一端是谁。)”可知，作者对于电话另一端的未知感到恐惧，划线词所在的句子意思是：我害怕早上第一件事就是登录我们的电话系统。由此可知，dread意为“害怕”。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“I’ve had people who shout at me, call me horrible names, accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me. Why I think it’s because I am invisible.(有人冲我大喊大叫，用难听的名字骂我，指责我拿了他们的钱，还威胁我。为什么？我想那是因为我是看不见的人。)”可推知，作者认为一些打电话的人对她不友好，因为他们没有把她当作一个真实的人。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心). I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I’ve been there. That’s why I’m good at my job—I understand what you’re going through, and I’m here to help.(在工作中，最重要也是最有效的技能就是同理心。我能理解打电话的人的处境，因为我也经历过。这就是我擅长这份工作的原因——我理解你的感受，我是来帮你的。)”可推知，作者认为她很擅长自己的工作，是因为她能设身处地地为别人着想。故选C。
8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We are all humans just trying to get by in life, which makes you and me equal. So please, the next time we talk, remember that.(我们都是人类，只是想努力生活，这让你我平等。所以，下次我们谈话的时候，请记住这一点。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了呼吁人们理解她的工作。故选A。
（2024·湖北·二模）I have discovered that I have a second shadow these days as I go outside. This one, however, has four legs instead of two. It is my daughter’s adopted, black cat: Miss Alice. Every time I go out the door she is waiting on my front porch, meowing to be petted. Then she follows me down the hill to my car sometimes running in front so she can get in my way for even more petting. And when I finally return home she is there asking for attention again.
It wasn’t always this way. The very first time I saw Miss Alice she was hiding under my house just having had a family of kittens. When I looked under there I got an angry hiss (嘘声) from her, warning me I was in for a clawing if I got near her kittens. It took a lot of time, patience, kindness, love, and cat food from my daughter to tame her. At first she didn’t want to be touched at all. Then she would only allow an occasional petting. Now my daughter can pick her up and carry her up the road to her house like a little baby. It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s
loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.
I guess that is the power of love. It can heal a hurting heart. It can save a broken spirit. It can uplift a sunken soul. It can free you from fear. It can transform your life. It can even take a violent, wild cat and turn her into a puppy dog in a cat suit.
Embrace (拥抱) the love in your own life then. Welcome the love of your family and friends into your life. And let your own love flow through everything you think, everything you say, and everything you do.
9．What do we know about the cat from the first paragraph
A．It enjoys staying with the author. B．It tends to be in the author’s road.
C．It is often ignored by the daughter. D．It gets well along with the daughter.
10．What does the underlined word “tame” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Feed her up. B．Make her mild. C．Arrange for her. D．Dress her up.
11．What makes the author still smile
A．The lovely dog. B．The daughter’s love. C．The cat’s babies. D．The harmonious family.
12．What message does the text convey
A．Where there is life, there is hope.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．Love is life in its fullness like the cup with its wine.
D．Do what you fear, and fear that nature will fade away.
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．B 12．C
【导语】本文为夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者的女儿花了很多时间、耐心、善良、爱才驯服了那只猫。这个故事告诉我们，爱可以征服一切。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Every time I go out the door she is waiting on my front porch, meowing to be petted. Then she follows me down the hill to my car sometimes running in front so she can get in my way for even more petting. And when I finally return home she is there asking for attention again.(每次我出门，她都在我的前廊等着，喵喵叫着让我抚摸。然后她跟着我下山，走到我的车前，有时跑在前面，这样她就可以挡住我的路，更多地抚摸我。当我终于回到家的时候，她又在那里请求我的关注)”可知，这只猫很享受与作者相处的时间。故选A。
10．词义猜测题。根据第二段“When I looked under there I got an angry hiss (嘘声) from her, warning me I was
in for a clawing if I got near her kittens.(当我往下面看的时候，她发出了一声愤怒的嘘声，警告我，如果我靠近她的小猫，我就会被抓)”以及后文“At first she didn’t want to be touched at all. Then she would only allow an occasional petting. Now my daughter can pick her up and carry her up the road to her house like a little baby. It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.(起初，她根本不想被碰。然后她只允许偶尔抚摸一下。现在我女儿可以把她抱起来，像抱小宝宝一样把她抱回家了。看到女儿充满爱心、关怀和同情的精神驯服了这只野猫，让她像最深情的狗一样可爱，我仍然会微笑)”可知，这几句话主要讲述了作者的女儿驯服那只猫的过程。故划线词意思是“使她变得温和”。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段“It still makes me smile to see how my daughter’s loving, caring and sympathetic spirit tamed this wild cat and made her as lovable as the most affectionate dog.(看到女儿充满爱心、关怀和同情心的精神驯服了这只野猫，让她像最深情的狗一样可爱，这依旧能让我微笑)”可知，正是女儿的爱心，依旧能使作者微笑。故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I guess that is the power of love. It can heal a hurting heart. It can save a broken spirit. It can uplift a sunken soul. It can free you from fear. It can transform your life. It can even take a violent, wild cat and turn her into a puppy dog in a cat suit.(我想这就是爱的力量。它可以治愈一颗受伤的心。它可以拯救一个破碎的灵魂。它能使沉沦的灵魂振作起来。它能让你摆脱恐惧。它可以改变你的生活。它甚至可以把一只暴力的野猫变成一只披着猫皮的小狗)”结合本文主要讲述作者的女儿花了很多时间，用耐心、善良、爱和猫粮才驯服了那只猫。这个故事告诉我们，爱可以征服一切。C项“爱就是充实了的生命，正如盛满了酒的酒杯”符合题意。故选C。
（2024·安徽蚌埠·三模）Were it not for my mask’s rubber covering over my nose, no doubt his warm, fishy breath would have made the experience complete, as an adult male Atlantic grey seal (海豹) inspected me to the waters that bathe Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. This was a close and magical swimming-with-seals encounter filmed for BBC Two’s Springwatch four years ago.
My job is to get people to love and connect with nature, but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted. Is it possible that we get a little too close, and love nature a little too much Certainly, for anyone working in wildlife media and tourism, the reality is that habitats and many species often can’t handle longtime close contact with humans.
Marine mammals they may be, but seals must regularly return to dry land, hauling (牵引) themselves out of the water to rest, digest, and reproduce. Haul-out sites are typically inaccessible beaches or rocky tiny islands after the tide falls away. These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed, particularly by walkers, dogs and boats full of wildlife tourists. When frightened, seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or, worse still, hard rocks, risking
broken jaws or bones.
In Scotland in February 2021, a ban came into force that stopped the fisheries industry from shooting seals. Prior to this, seals in Scotland could be shot under licence. Seal groups and charities are revising their policies to no longer encourage people to seek out encounters with seals either in or out of the water, especially during the winter months when the grey seal pupping (产崽) season is in full swing.
No matter how much we love seals, remember they are terrified of us, so we really need to enjoy them from a distance. But that is not to say there can’t be a connection. Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters. The marine mammals have much to deal with, including climate change, and we have a lot to learn from these envoys (使者) from the sea.
13．Why did the author film swimming-with-seals encounter four years ago
A．To get people close to nature. B．To inspect an Atlantic grey seal.
C．To challenge himself in the waters. D．To promote BBC Two’s TV programme.
14．What is the author’s attitude to the swimming-with-seals experience
A．Contradictory. B．Tolerant. C．Uncertain. D．Supportive.
15．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 3
A．To define the haul-out sites of seals. B．To introduce the living habit of seals.
C．To prove humans’ disturbance to seals. D．To present the safety problem facing seals.
16．What does the author suggest doing
A．Stopping shooting seals completely.
B．Leaving seals alone especially in winter.
C．Reducing the influence of climate change on seals.
D．Connecting with seals indirectly by protecting them.
【答案】13．A 14．A 15．D 16．D
【导语】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由自己拍摄与海豹同游的经历想到我们离大自然太近了，导致海豹会有一些安全问题，建议我们在远处欣赏它们。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段中“This was a close and magical swimming-with-seals encounter filmed for BBC Two’s Springwatch four years ago.(这是四年前为BBC第二台的Springwatch拍摄的一次与海豹亲密而神奇的邂逅)”和第二段中“My job is to get people to love and connect with nature(我的工作是让人们热爱大自然，
与大自然建立联系)”可知，作者四年前拍摄与海豹同游是工作职责，目的是让人们接近大自然，故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted(但这次经历仍然让我感到既兴奋又矛盾)”可知，作者对于和海豹同游的经历持矛盾态度，故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段中“These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed, particularly by walkers, dogs and boats full of wildlife tourists. When frightened, seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or, worse still, hard rocks, risking broken jaws or bones.(这些安全的地方一旦受到干扰，尤其是受到行人、狗和满载野生动物游客的船只的干扰，就会变成一个很可怕的落差。当受到惊吓时，海豹喜欢逃到浅海中，或者更糟的是，逃到坚硬的岩石中，冒着下巴或骨头骨折的危险)”可知，本段主要讲述海豹面临的安全问题。故选D。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No matter how much we love seals, remember they are terrified of us, so we really need to enjoy them from a distance. But that is not to say there can’t be a connection. Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters.(不管我们有多爱海豹，记住它们害怕我们，所以我们真的需要在远处欣赏它们。但这并不是说两者之间没有联系。参加有组织的调查有助于监测海豹和我们水域的健康)”可知，作者建议我们在远处欣赏海豹，参加有组织的调查来帮助监测海豹的健康，即通过保护它们来建立间接的联系，故选D。
（2024·福建漳州·三模）Learning anything can be challenging, especially when it comes to figuring out how and what to practice. Repetition is usually essential. But you don’t want something that takes the joy out of you. I’ve been teaching myself to draw for a few years. I had improved a lot but for a long while was going nowhere. I’d tried lots of books and courses, and filled endless pages with boxes, parallel lines and figures. None of these seems to be working.
But something clicked when I started sketchbooking this year. The sketchbooks led to a shift in mindset. Rather than trying to practise, I was engaging in a practice — scribbling (涂鸦). The scribbles weren’t all good but they have become part of a whole. I’ve been absorbed ever since. I scribbled my breakfast, the fruit in the office, and other people on the train.
I spoke to Danny Gregory, a writer who blogs and makes videos about sketchbooking, to try to figure out why I had become so taken by my new practice.
“We think the practice in drawing is like that in piano, where you have to play through a series of musical notes step by step,” Gregory says. “But what if you think about practice in other terms — like a yoga practice or medical practice With those kinds of practices, you’ve learned some stuff, right Progress happens naturally. It’s not preparatory. So just follow the process and take pleasure in it. This is what matters.”
I have now filled two sketchbooks just with portraits — more than 100 scribbled over a couple of months. In
them I challenged myself to include people on every page. Used to drawing ghost-town versions, the first few pages were a struggle. But I started varying my morning coffee routine to find new places where I could observe life.
My latest sketchbook will tackle the challenge of all my drawings — hands. I’ve always had problems drawing hands. It’s early days, but I’m not fearing it as I would have before because it isn’t just practice any more.
17．What was the challenge the author faced when learning to draw
A．Lack of interest in traditional practice methods. B．Little progress despite extensive efforts.
C．Difficulty in obtaining necessary resources. D．Inability to master specific drawing techniques.
18．What did the author benefit from scribbling
A．Improving hand control. B．Enriching creative expression.
C．Grasping ways to paint details. D．Accepting imperfections in art.
19．According to Gregory, which attitude toward practice should be emphasized
A．Focus on specifics is essential. B．Repetition is a fundamental key.
C．The emphasis lies in enjoying the process. D．The highlight is in well-organized exercises.
20．What message does the story convey
A．Every beginning is difficult. B．Tailored methods drive progress.
C．Art is the language of the soul. D．Integrating life enhances learning.
【答案】17．B 18．D 19．C 20．D
【导语】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者学习素描的经历，以此来强调如何将生活与学习融为一体，以促进艺术学习的提升。
17．细节理解题。由第一段中“I’ve been teaching myself to draw for a few years. I had improved a lot but for a long while was going nowhere. I’d tried lots of books and courses, and filled endless pages with boxes, parallel lines and figures. None of these seems to be working. (几年来，我一直在自学画画。我原来进步了很多，但有很长一段时间又没有进步。我试过很多书和课程，在无穷无尽的页面上画满了方框、平行线和图形。这些似乎都不起作用)”可知，作者在学习绘画时面临的挑战是：尽管作者付出了巨大努力，但进展甚微。故选B项。
18．推理判断题。由第二段中“The scribbles weren’t all good but they have become part of a whole. I’ve been absorbed ever since. (这些涂鸦并不全是好的，但它们已经成为一个整体的一部分)”可知，虽然这些涂鸦并不都是好的，但作者接受它们成为整体的一部分，由此可推知，作者从涂鸦中获得的益处是接受了艺术的不完美。故选D项。
19．推理判断题。由第四段中““We think the practice in drawing is like that in piano, where you have to play through a series of musical notes step by step,” Gregory says. “But what if you think about practice in other terms — like a yoga practice or medical practice With those kinds of practices, you’ve learned some stuff, right Progress happens naturally. It’s not preparatory. So just follow the process and take pleasure in it. This is what matters.”(Gregory说：“我们认为素描练习就像弹钢琴一样，必须一步一步地演奏一系列音符。但是，如果你从其他角度考虑练习——比如瑜伽练习或医学练习，那又会怎么样呢？通过那种类型的练习，你学到了一些东西，对吧？进步自然而然地发生了。这不是准备好的。所以只需遵循过程并享受其中。这才是最重要的。”)”可知，对于练习，Gregory强调练习的重点在于享受过程。故选C项。
20．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者学习素描时，有一段时间进步缓慢，后来通过涂鸦的方式将绘画与生活结合，取得了一定进展，在作者看来，这种方式有助于提升学习效果，由此可推知，这个故事传达了“融入生活，促进学习”的思想。故选D项。
（2024·广西南宁·二模）The law of supply and demand determines that an overabundance of anything will lead to a decrease in price. This rule applies not only to goods and services, but also to lifestyle and fashion trends.
In the 19th century, the primitive paintings of Picasso and Matisse shook up the positive image of the French bourgeoisie (中产阶级). In the 1970s, talented musicians with tailored costumes and egos were overshadowed by a band of punk rockers who sang about the harsh realities of ordinary life in poor urban areas.
I predict that this will also happen with beauty standards. The idealized version of life portrayed in fashion magazines will reach a turning point, as people become tired of unattainable perfection.
During my time in Washington D．C． in the 1990s, I had the opportunity to interact with numerous political celebrities. While chatting with former presidents or bumping into TV pundits (名嘴) in elevators, I also assisted former Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, who was my boss’s boss. What struck me was how ordinary these people appeared in real life despite their public characters. Like everyone else, they grappled with insecurities and mood swings, even though they were constantly under the spotlight.
Yes, it was great to drop names on the phone to my friends. My father, of course, couldn’t understand why I would ever want to leave. “Because you’re not me and I’m not impressed,” I told him. We do not need to lead a luxurious life or make groundbreaking achievements to be content. Happiness can be found in living out the ordinary moments of an authentic life.
Most of us end up being ordinary people without doing anything that changes the world, but that does not mean our lives are meaningless. In fact, it is precisely this realization that leads to sustainable happiness because, when all is said and done, no one’s lifestyle is essentially better than any other’s.
21．Which of the following phrase can best replace the underline phrase in paragraph 4
A．struggled with B．put up with C．came up with D．fought with
22．What’s the author’s father’s attitude towards his decision to leave Washington D．C．
A．supportive B． indifferent C．opposed D．unimpressed
23．What does the author’s observation about political celebrities suggest
A．They are just like ordinary people.
B．They lack the ability to lead a normal life.
C．They are not as successful as they claim to be.
D．They are not as intelligent as they appear on TV.
24．What does the author want to imply in the last paragraph
A．People should strive for a better lifestyle.
B．No one’s lifestyle is inherently superior to others’.
C．People should be content with their own lifestyles.
D．People should critically evaluate other people’s lifestyles.
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．A 24．C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过自己的观察和经历说明人们应该满足于自己的生活方式。
21．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“What struck me was how ordinary these people appeared in real life despite their public characters.(让我印象深刻的是，这些人尽管有公众形象，但在现实生活中却是如此普通。)”和划线词后文“insecurities and mood swings(不安全感和情绪波动)”说明有公众形象的人在现实生活中也是很普通的，他们在公众面前也有不安全感和情绪波动，也要和这些不良情绪作斗争。从而推知划线词句“Like everyone else, they grappled with insecurities and mood swings, even though they were constantly under the spotlight. (和其他人一样，他们也在grappled with不安全感和情绪波动，尽管他们一直处于聚光灯下。)”其中划线部分意思是“与之作斗争”。故选A项。
22．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“My father, of course, couldn’t understand why I would ever want to leave. (当然，我父亲无法理解我为什么要离开。)”可以推知，作者的父亲对他离开华盛顿的决定持反对态度。故选C项。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段中“During my time in Washington D.C. in the 1990s, I had the opportunity to interact with numerous political celebrities. While chatting with former presidents or bumping into TV pundits (名嘴) in elevators, I also assisted former Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, who was my boss’s boss. What struck me was how ordinary these people appeared in real life despite their public characters. (20
世纪90年代，我在华盛顿特区期间，有机会与许多政治名人互动。在与前任总统聊天或在电梯里碰到电视评论员时，我还协助了前国防部长Robert McNamara，他是我老板的老板。让我印象深刻的是，这些人尽管有公众形象，但在现实生活中却是如此普通。)”可知，作者的观察说明政治名人就像普通人一样。故选A项。
24．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Most of us end up being ordinary people without doing anything that changes the world, but that does not mean our lives are meaningless. In fact, it is precisely this realization that leads to sustainable happiness because, when all is said and done, no one’s lifestyle is essentially better than any other’s. (我们中的大多数人最终都是普通人，没有做任何改变世界的事情，但这并不意味着我们的生活毫无意义。事实上，正是这种认识带来了持久的幸福，因为，当一切都说了，做了，没有人的生活方式本质上比其他人更好。)”可知，作者在本段想表明人们应该满足于自己的生活方式。故选C项。
（2024·辽宁辽阳·二模）A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the “World’s Ugliest Lawn”. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.
The intention, according to those behind the project, was to raise awareness of “saving water on a global scale by changing the norm for green lawns”. Lawns, which can require large amounts of water to maintain, are coming under increasing examination as climate change makes periods of drought more frequent and intense.
The global initiative was launched on the official website for Gotland in Sweden. “Huge amounts of water are used to water lawns for aesthetics(美学). As the world gets warmer, lack of water in urban areas is projected to affect up to 2.4 billion people by 2050. By not watering lawns for aesthetic reasons, we can protect the availability of groundwater,” the competition organizers said.
The unlikely title has been awarded to Kathleen Murray who lives in Sandford in Tasmania, Australia. According to the organizers, Murray’s lawn “boasts deep and dry divots created by three wild bandicoots(袋狸)and not one dust-covered decimeter is wasted on watering”. Murray said in the press release about her triumph, “I am terribly proud! I knew I would have my 5 minutes of fame, even if it was for having the ugliest lawn on the planet! I am now free of ever taking care of my lawn again.”
A press release by the Gotland, office added, “For the planet and its declining stockpiles of life-giving liquid, thank you, Kathleen, as well as those naughty bandicoots damaging your lawn for the greater good.” Organizers added, “Gotland aims to show to Sweden and the world that sustainable behavior doesn’t have to be dull.”
25．What can we say about the yard competition organized in Sweden
A．People had even doubted its authenticity.
B．People worldwide were unwilling to join.
C．Its participants must be professional gardeners.
D．Its entries must agree with the existing aesthetics.
26．What is the purpose of this yard competition
A．To call on people to protect lawns. B．To encourage people to be creative.
C．To challenge the norm of aesthetics. D．To remind people of water shortage.
27．What does the underlined word “triumph” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Ambition. B．Success. C．Sorrow. D．Barrier.
28．What can be the best title for the text
A．People’s Whelming Reaction To A Yard Contest In Sweden
B．Lawns And Rare Bandicoots Calling For Urgent Protection
C．A Lawn Named The Ugliest Globally All For A Good Cause
D．The World’s Ugliest Lawn Unaccepted By The Whole World
【答案】25．A 26．D 27．B 28．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。
25．推理判断题。由文章第一段“A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the‘World’s Ugliest Lawn’. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.(棕色干燥的草坪不是很多园丁会夸耀的。但这正是瑞典庭院比赛组织者在推出‘世界上最丑草坪’奖时所希望的。来自世界各地的人们被邀请在社交媒体上发布他们脱水草的照片，以赢得这一不确定的荣誉。)”可推测，该奖项非常规奖项，所以人们甚至怀疑它的真实性。故选A项。
26．推理判断题。由文章第二段“The intention, according to those behind the project, was to raise awareness of ‘saving water on a global scale by changing the norm for green lawns’. Lawns, which can require large amounts of water to maintain, are coming under increasing examination as climate change makes periods of drought more frequent and intense.(据该项目背后的人说，其目的是提高人们对‘通过改变绿色草坪的规范在全球范围内节约用水’的认识。由于气候变化使干旱期更加频繁和强烈，草坪可能需要大量的水来维持，因此草坪正受到越来越多的审查。)”可知，这场庭院比赛的目的是提醒人们注意缺水问题。故选D项。
27．词句猜测题。由文章第四段“The unlikely title has been awarded to Kathleen Murray who lives in Sandford
in Tasmania, Australia. (这个不太可能的头衔被授予了居住在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州桑福德的Kathleen Murray。)”可知，Kathleen Murray获得“世界上最丑草坪”奖，所以划线单词的句子应表示Murray在新闻稿中谈到了她的获奖的成功，所以猜测triumph表“成功”。故选B项。
28．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the ‘World’s Ugliest Lawn’. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.(棕色干燥的草坪不是很多园丁会夸耀的。但这正是瑞典庭院比赛组织者在推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖时所希望的。来自世界各地的人们被邀请在社交媒体上发布他们脱水草的照片，以赢得这一不确定的荣誉。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者为了提醒人们注意缺水问题，推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。所以C项A Lawn Named The Ugliest Globally All For A Good Cause(一块草坪被评为全球最丑陋草坪，只为做一件好事)符合语境。故选C项。
（2024·吉林长春·三模）Nanako Hama gets a lot of mail, mostly from strangers who live in her home city of Tokyo. In light envelopes, they send locks of their hair, hoping to recycle it.
People generate a huge amount of hair waste. Nearly all of that waste ends up in landfill, where it can release harmful greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change.
But hair possesses useful qualities and it’s a shame to simply throw it away. That’s why people all around the world, like Hama, have been collecting hair and finding innovative ways to recycle it, including making mats (垫子) out of it for removing oil leaks,
Hama is part of the nonprofit Matter of Trust (MoT) members working at more than 60 centers dotted across 17 countries, using machines to make hair donated from local salons and individuals into square mats, which are then used to clean up the floating oil.
“Hair is particularly well-suited for this,” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier, “That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.” MoT’s mats have been used in major oil leaks, including the 2010 Deepwater Horizon and 2007 Cosco Busan incidents.
In a 2018 study, Murray, an environmental scientist at the University of Technology Sydney, in Australia found that mats made of recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair — significantly more than polypropylene (聚丙烯), a type of plastic that’s typically used to clean up floating oil.
Besides, hair is also useful as fertilizer (化肥). Hair contains a relatively high nitrogen (氪), a chemical element crucial for plant growth, and each lock of hair is made of roughly 16 percent of this essential nutrient. Last year, more than 560 gallons of liquid fertilizer made from human hair was sold to farmers in northern Tanzania and the feedback from the farmers has been very encouraging.
“It’s just a great way to use hair in a productive way. Hair is an answer literally hanging in front of our eyes-for oil and soil, ” Hama says.
29．What can the mat made of human hair do
A．Clear the sea of oil. B．Improve soil.
C．Take in harmful gas. D．Prevent oil leaks.
30．Which qualities of hair contribute to its innovative use
A．Its color and strength. B．Its length and amount
C．Its structure and component. D．Its weight and flexibility.
31．What’s the author’s purpose of presenting the 2018 study
A．To state a fact. B．To support a point.
C．To make a comparison. D．To clarify a concept.
32．What is Hama’s attitude towards the future of hair waste as fertilizer
A．Unclear. B．Optimistic. C．Doubtful. D．Negative.
【答案】29．A 30．C 31．B 32．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了东京市民Nanako Hama回收头发，制作成吸附油污的垫子或制成含氮肥料，助力环保。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“Hama is part of the nonprofit Matter of Trust (MoT) members working at more than 60 centers dotted across 17 countries, using machines to make hair donated from local salons and individuals into square mats, which are then used to clean up the floating oil.(哈马是非营利组织信托事务 (MoT)的一员，该组织成员分布在17个国家的60多个中心工作，使用机器将当地沙龙和个人捐赠的头发制成方形垫子，然后用于清理漂浮的油脂)”可知，由人类头发制成的垫子能清除海上的油污。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第五段““Hair is particularly well-suited for this,” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier, “That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.”(MoT联合创始人Lisa Gautier说，头发特别适合这个，“这是因为它粗糙的外层会让油粘在上面”)”可知，头发的结构和成分有助于其创新的用途。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据第五段““Hair is particularly well-suited for this,” says MoT co-founder Lisa Gautier, “That’s because its rough sort of outer layer lets oil stick to it.”(MoT联合创始人Lisa Gautier说，头发特别适合这个，“这是因为它粗糙的外层会让油粘在上面”)”以及倒数第三段“In a 2018 study, Murray, an environmental scientist at the University of Technology Sydney, in Australia found that mats made of
recycled human hair could absorb 0.84 grams of oil onto its surface for every gram of hair — significantly more than polypropylene (聚丙烯), a type of plastic that’s typically used to clean up floating oil.(在2018年的一项研究中，澳大利亚悉尼科技大学的环境科学家默里发现，由回收的人类头发制成的垫子每克头发可以吸收0.84克油，远远超过聚丙烯，这是一种通常用于清理浮油的塑料)”可推知，作者提出2018年研究的目的是支持一个观点。故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s just a great way to use hair in a productive way. Hair is an answer literally hanging in front of our eyes-for oil and soil, ” Hama says.( Hama说：“这是一种有效利用头发的好方法。头发就是悬在我们眼前的答案，因为它是油和土壤。”)”可知，哈马对头发废料作为肥料的未来持乐观态度。故选B。
（2024·山西晋中·二模）Millions of shipping containers are sitting empty at ports all over the world. And they’ve been a treasure for architects Ada Tolla and Giuseppe Lignano.
The two were in San Francisco recently for the opening of an exhibition at Hosfelt Gallery focused on their use of shipping containers as building materials.
The Italian “starchitects” got into the shipping container building game in the 1990s and people like shipping container buildings not only because they look interesting but also because they seem to solve a problem — finding a use for the millions of used steel shipping containers across the planet. They’re used in projects like Photoville in New York City, which transforms the containers into mini art galleries, and Monarch Village, a development for formerly unhoused people in Lawrence, Kansas. “Shipping containers are great for building with because they are modular (模块化的), movable and durable,” said California architect Douglas Burnham.
But there also exist many challenges, a significant one of which is temperature control. Those steel boxes get very cold inside in winter — and very, very hot in summer.
Joe Carroll lived in an eye-catching shipping container home designed by LOT-EK for five years. Carroll said that he appreciated many things about LOT-EK’s approach. “It’s about designing structures that are unique looking, not just a row of cubes (立方体),” said Carroll. But Carroll also said his energy bills were sky high. “There was no heat or solar energy,” he said. “We didn’t have any of that in the home.” All that heating and cooling takes not only money but environmental resources.
So what should we do with them Critics say the most environmentally friendly use of all these unused steel shipping containers is to recycle them. “The highlight of these containers is, ‘Well, we’re saving them.’ But it doesn’t make any sense,” said San Francisco-based architect Mark Hogan of Open Scope Studio, who has publicly shared his concerns about shipping container housing. “You’d be much better off recycling the container into steel and then build out of steel studs — like the normal way you’d build a building.”
33．What was the focus of the exhibition at Hosfelt Gallery
A．Traditional building materials.
B．Artistic paintings and sculptures.
C．Architecture photography collection.
D．Shipping containers in building projects.
34．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Advantages of shipping container buildings.
B．Representative projects of LOT-EK architects.
C．Ideal locations for shipping container complexes.
D．Procedures of building shipping container projects.
35．Why is Joe Carroll mentioned in paragraph 5
A．To show the cost-effectiveness of the home.
B．To emphasize the high energy consumption.
C．To illustrate the unique design of the structure.
D．To prove the convenience of heat and solar resources.
36．What is Mark Hogan’s attitude towards shipping container housing
A．Favorable. B．Unconcerned.
C．Curious. D．Critical.
【答案】33．D 34．A 35．B 36．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要围绕建筑师Ada Tolla和Giuseppe Lignano利用全球港口空置集装箱作为建筑材料的创意和实践进行了报道。介绍了他们的作品和理念，同时也探讨了集装箱建筑所面临的挑战和争议，包括温度控制问题和环保方面的考虑。
33．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The two were in San Francisco recently for the opening of an exhibition at Hosfelt Gallery focused on their use of shipping containers as building materials.(两人最近在旧金山参加了Hosfelt Gallery的一个展览，主题是他们使用集装箱作为建筑材料。)”可知，Hosfelt Gallery本次展览的主题是使用集装箱作为建筑材料。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The Italian “starchitects” got into the shipping container building game in the 1990s and people like shipping container buildings not only because they look interesting but also because they seem to solve a problem — finding a use for the millions of used steel shipping containers across the
planet. They’re used in projects like Photoville in New York City, which transforms the containers into mini art galleries, and Monarch Village, a development for formerly unhoused people in Lawrence, Kansas. “Shipping containers are great for building with because they are modular (模块化的), movable and durable,” said California architect Douglas Burnham.(意大利“明星建筑师”在20世纪90年代进入了航运集装箱建筑的游戏，人们喜欢航运集装箱建筑不仅因为它们看起来有趣，还因为它们似乎解决了一个问题——为全球数百万的废旧钢铁集装箱找到了用途。它们被用于纽约市的Photoville项目，该项目将集装箱改造成小型艺术画廊，以及堪萨斯州劳伦斯市的君主村，这是一个为以前无家可归的人开发的项目。加利福尼亚建筑师Douglas Burnham说：“集装箱非常适合建筑，因为它们是模块化的，可移动且耐用。”)”可知，第三段主要讲述的是.集装箱建筑的优势。故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Joe Carroll lived in an eye-catching shipping container home designed by LOT-EK for five years. Carroll said that he appreciated many things about LOT-EK’s approach. “It’s about designing structures that are unique looking, not just a row of cubes (立方体),” said Carroll. But Carroll also said his energy bills were sky high. “There was no heat or solar energy,” he said. “We didn’t have any of that in the home.” All that heating and cooling takes not only money but environmental resources.(Joe Carroll在一个由LOT-EK设计的引人注目的集装箱住宅中生活了五年。Carroll表示，他对LOT-EK的方法有很多赞赏之处。Carroll说：“这是关于设计独特外观的结构，而不仅仅是一排立方体。”但Carroll也说他的能源账单高得离谱。“没有热能和太阳能，”他说。“我们家里没有这些东西。”所有的加热和冷却不仅需要金钱，还需要环境资源。)”可知，本段中提到Joe Carroll住在由LOT-EK设计的引人注目的集装箱住宅里，并提到他的能源账单非常高。他特别指出家里没有暖气或太阳能，这意味着所有的供暖和制冷都需要依靠其他能源，导致能源消费很高。因此，通过Joe Carroll的例子，文章强调了集装箱建筑在能源消费方面的高昂成本。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The highlight of these containers is, ‘Well, we’re saving them.’ But it doesn’t make any sense,” said San Francisco-based architect Mark Hogan of Open Scope Studio, who has publicly shared his concerns about shipping container housing. “You’d be much better off recycling the container into steel and then build out of steel studs—like the normal way you’d build a building.”(“这些集装箱的亮点是，‘好吧，我们正在拯救它们。’但这没有任何意义，”旧金山Open Scope工作室的建筑师Mark Hogan说，他公开表达了对集装箱住房的担忧。“你最好把集装箱回收成钢，然后用钢钉建造——就像你建造建筑物的正常方式一样。”)”可知，Mark Hogan对集装箱住房表示了担忧，并认为最环保的利用这些未使用的钢制集装箱的方法是回收它们，而不是用作建筑。由此可知，Mark Hogan对集装箱住房持批判性的态度。故选D。
（2024·浙江嘉兴·二模）Meat cultivated (培植) from cells—with no need to raise and kill animals—is now a
reality. The process of cultivating meat uses the basic elements needed to build muscle and fat and enables the same biological process that happens inside an animal. Cultivated meat is identical to conventional meat at the cellular level. But can it be made cheaply enough to replace animal agriculture
More than 150 startups are pursuing an ambitious goal: meat that doesn’t require raising and killing animals and that is affordable and tastes and feels like the meat we eat now. They are part of a young industry aiming to use cell biology to reduce the environmental impact of the world’s ever-increasing demand for meat and change global protein production the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry.
“We are addicted to meat as a species. It’s part of our culture,” said Believer founder Yaakov Nahmias. But “we thought about quantity rather than the environment, rather than sustainability.”
Although there are dozens of companies making this meat, none have yet reached commercial-level production in terms of scale or cost. From cell line development to bio-processor design, there are a number of scientific challenges to meet before cultivated meat is widely available at the market. Government policy is another challenge. Only Singapore and the U. S. allow sales of cultivated meat.
And while many people who have tried it say they like it, others find the idea distasteful. A recent survey from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that half of U. S. adults would be unlikely to try it. When they were asked why, about half said they didn’t think it would be safe. Even Nahmias’10-year-old son Oren said he would only eat traditional meat. “I feel bad” for the animals, he said, “but they are yummy!”
“Until this meat costs and tastes the same as traditional meat, it will remain a specialized product,” said Bruce Friedrich, president of the Good Food Institute.
37．Why does the writer ask a question in the first paragraph
A．To indicate an opinion. B．To present a worry.
C．To make an assumption. D．To start a discussion.
38．What does the cultivated meat industry aim to do
A．Study cell biology. B．Provide sustainable protein.
C．End world hunger. D．Help the traditional food industry.
39．What can we infer about cultivated meat
A．It is unripe for mass production. B．It is as popular as traditional meat.
C．It is safer than traditional meat. D．It is competitive in price and quantity.
40．What is Bruce Friedrich’s attitude to the future of cultivated meat
A．Enthusiastic. B．Dismissive. C．Unclear. D．Reserved.
【答案】37．D 38．B 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了用细胞培养的肉的发展和人们的看法。
37．推理判断题。根据第一段“Meat cultivated (培植) from cells—with no need to raise and kill animals—is now a reality. The process of cultivating meat uses the basic elements needed to build muscle and fat and enables the same biological process that happens inside an animal. Cultivated meat is identical to conventional meat at the cellular level. But can it be made cheaply enough to replace animal agriculture (用细胞培养的肉——不需要饲养和杀死动物——现在已经成为现实。培育肉类的过程使用了建立肌肉和脂肪所需的基本元素，并实现了与动物体内相同的生物过程。栽培肉在细胞水平上与传统肉相同。但是，它能以足够低的成本取代畜牧业吗？)”可知，作者在第一段提出问题是要发出一个关于培植肉是否能以足够低的成本取代畜牧业这个话题的讨论。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据第二段“They are part of a young industry aiming to use cell biology to reduce the environmental impact of the world’s ever-increasing demand for meat and change global protein production the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry. (它们是一个年轻行业的一部分，该行业旨在利用细胞生物学来减少世界对肉类日益增长的需求对环境的影响，并改变全球蛋白质生产，就像电动汽车正在撼动汽车行业一样)”可知，培植肉类行业的目标是提供可持续的蛋白质。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据第四段“there are a number of scientific challenges to meet before cultivated meat is widely available at the market. (从细胞系开发到生物处理器设计，在培植肉在市场上广泛上市之前，需要应对许多科学挑战)”可知，大规模生产培植肉类还未成熟。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Until this meat costs and tastes the same as traditional meat, it will remain a specialized product,” said Bruce Friedrich, president of the Good Food Institute. (美食研究所所长布鲁斯·弗里德里希说：“在这种肉的价格和味道与传统肉相同之前，它将一直是一种专业产品。”)”可知，布鲁斯·弗里德里希对培植肉持有保守的态度。故选D。
（2024·广东佛山·二模）We’re often told to follow our dreams, and one person in Canada has done just that after building a wonderland for animals. In his own backyard, the eight water features which Robert Perkins dug into the ground are now a shelter for birds, frogs, beavers (河狸) and other animals in the middle of suburban development. But for Perkins, creating habitat for wildlife is not only about doing his part to help the environment. It’s a labor of love for a woman he met when he was 16 years old.
Perkins met Rhonda in 1974 and the two of them hit it off. They both loved animals, and she always wished to have a place where they could live in harmony with the land. Rhonda, whom Perkins stayed with all his life, passed away in 2006. Perkins resolved to build a wonderland where her spirit could stay in peace.
Ignoring planning departments and neighbors alike, Perkins began digging large holes for water to flow. Over the course of nine years his property went from being a neighborly headache to a perfect home for wildlife.
Perkins says he won’t take all the credit for the wetland he built. When Perkins started creating the wildlife habitat in the early 2000s, a family of beavers got wind of it soon and claimed the land. “When we built our subdivisions, we cleared all the trees, dried the hills, drove all the water down to the lakes... In turn, the beavers helped dam (筑坝) and purify the water.”
Wetland habitats not only attract wildlife, but probably offer the most complete package of ecosystem services, including preventing pollution, enriching the soil, and promoting the well-being of wildlife species.
Perkins says he doesn’t need to wonder what Rhonda might think of the place; he feels her presence whenever he walks alone among the trees, the grass, and the ponds, looking at birds or beavers, and listening to the songbirds and frogs. Perkins hopes his project will one day become an educational place that local people can visit to learn about the importance of wetlands.
41．Why did Perkins build the water features
A．To fulfill his childhood dream. B．To show his love for his wife.
C．To preserve endangered wildlife. D．To adapt to suburban development.
42．Which best describes Perkins’ wetland building process
A．Effortless but creative. B．Discouraging but efficient.
C．Painful but influential. D．Demanding but rewarding.
43．What can we infer about building the wetland from Perkins’ words
A．Perkins had a strategic plan for it. B．Human’s role in it was overvalued.
C．Nature itself also played a part in it. D．Beavers were invited to help with it.
44．What is Perkins’s expectation of the wetland
A．To help spread his story. B．To be a recreational spot.
C．To bring economic value. D．To serve as an inspiration.
【答案】41．B 42．D 43．C 44．D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了加拿大人Robert Perkins为了为野生动物创造栖息地，同时表达对妻子的爱，建造了一个水景。
41．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s a labor of love for a woman he met when he was 16 years old.(这是为给他16岁时遇到的一个女人的爱的劳动)”以及第二段“Perkins resolved to build a wonderland where her spirit could
stay in peace.(珀金斯决心建造一个仙境，在那里她的灵魂可以安息)”可知，珀金斯建造水景是为了表达他对妻子的爱。故选B。
42．推理判断题。根据第三段“ Over the course of nine years his property went from being a neighborly headache to a perfect home for wildlife.(在九年的时间里，他的房子从一个让邻居头疼的地方变成了野生动物的完美家园)”以及倒数第二段“Wetland habitats not only attract wildlife, but probably offer the most complete package of ecosystem services, including preventing pollution, enriching the soil, and promoting the well-being of wildlife species.(湿地栖息地不仅吸引野生动物，而且可能提供最完整的生态系统服务，包括防止污染、丰富土壤和促进野生动物物种的福祉)”可推知，珀金斯的湿地建设过程费时费力但有回报。故选D。
43．推理判断题。根据第四段“When Perkins started creating the wildlife habitat in the early 2000s, a family of beavers got wind of it soon and claimed the land. “When we built our subdivisions, we cleared all the trees, dried the hills, drove all the water down to the lakes... In turn, the beavers helped dam (筑坝) and purify the water.”(当珀金斯在21世纪初开始创建野生动物栖息地时，一群海狸很快就听到了风声，并声称拥有这片土地。“当我们建造小区时，我们清除了所有的树木，晒干了山丘，把所有的水都排到湖里……反过来，海狸帮助筑坝和净化水。”)”可知，建造湿地时自然本身也起了作用。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Perkins hopes his project will one day become an educational place that local people can visit to learn about the importance of wetlands.(珀金斯希望他的项目有一天能成为一个教育场所，