2024年河北省中考英语复习定语从句专题 课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
中考定语从句复习专题
定语从句知识概览
1.定语从句中的基本概念和分类
2.关系代词的用法
3.关系副词的用法
4.定语从句的注意事项
定语从句中的基本概念
1.定语从句是在句子中承担定语功能，
修饰主句中某一名词或者代词的句子
Do you know the girl who is wearing a large hat
2.被修饰的名词或者代词称为先行词
引导定语从句的词称为关系词
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两类
The boy who was in the office just now is my brother.
I will never forget the days when we lived in Tangshan.
定语从句的定义和分类
4.定语从句有限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句两种
I was the only person in our office who was invited.
Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
5.限定性定语从句与主句关系密切，
如去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑
6.非限制性定语从句 对主句起到补充说明的作用
如去掉定从句，意思仍然完整
形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
关系代词的用法
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
（一）who/whom的用法
1.二者都用于先行词为人的时候
2.who在定语从句中作主语或者宾语
3.Whom在定语从句中只能作宾语
She is the girl who is good at English.
She is the girl who/whom they are talking about.
关系代词的用法
（二）whose的用法
1. whose既可以指人也可以指物
2. whose用于定语从句的主语和先行词是所属关系时
You are the only one whose advice he might listen.
A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.
3. “whose+名词”常可用“the+名词+ of+ whom/which”代替
I will talk to those students whose homework hasn’t been done.
I will talk to those students the homework of whom hasn’t been done.
关系代词的用法
（三）which的用法
1.用于先行词是物的时候
2.在定语从句中作主语，宾语，偶尔作定语
The train which has just left is for Shenzhen.
The dog which is carrying a basket is my dog.
They stayed with me for three weeks during which time they drank a lot.
关系代词的用法
（四）that的用法
1.先行词是人，是物都可以
2.在定语从句中作主语，宾语，表语等
3.先行词是人时，that可以和who, whom互换
先行词是物时，that可以和which互换
The train that has just left is for Shenzhen.
She is the girl that is good at English.
关系代词的用法
（四）that的用法
4.关系词用which不用that的情况
(1) 引导非限定性定语从句 These trees, which I planted three years ago, were cut down.
(2) 作介词宾语， 且介词位于关系代词之前时 I am looking for the box in which I put my coins.
5.关系词用who不用that的情况
(1) 先行词为指人的one, ones, anyone, those时 Anyone who failed the exam must give his reason.
(2) 先行词有较长的后置定语时 Do you know the writer in blue with thick glasses who is talking loudly
(3)引导非限定性定语从句 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.
关系代词的用法
（四）that的用法
6.关系词只能用 that的情况
(1) 先行词是不定代词，或者有不定代词修饰时 Is there anything that I can do for you
(2) 先行词是all, any, much, many等词时 Tom told her mother all that had happened.
(3)先行词被最高级修饰时 This is the best book that I have ever read.
(4)先行词被序数词修饰时 He was the first person that passed the exam.
(5)先行词被the only/very/same/last修饰时 He is the only person that can help you.
(6)先行词里既有人又有物 They talked of things and persons that they remembered.
(7)主句时以who, which开头的特殊疑问句 或者先行词是who Which is the book that he borrowed from the library
关系代词的用法
（五）as的用法
1. as既可以指人，也可以指物，还可以指整个句子
2. as在句子中多作主语，宾语，表语等
Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.
Shakespeare is a famous writer, as everybody knows.
关系副词的用法
关系副词在句子中作状语，常用的关系副词有：where, when, why
（一）where的用法
1.用于当先行词是地点时，在定语从句中作地点状语
2.可以和in/on/at/to which互换
Many countries set up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
Many countries set up national parks in which animals and plants can be protected.
关系副词的用法
（二）when的用法
1.用于当先行词是时间时，在定语从句中作时间状语
2.可以和in/on/at/during which互换
I shall never forget the days when we worked on the farm.
I shall never forget the days in which we worked on the farm.
关系副词的用法
（三）why的用法
1.用于当先行词是reason时，在定语从句中作原因状语
2.可以和for which互换
Can you tell me the reason why the car broken down.
Can you tell me the reason for which the car broken down.
定语从句的注意事项
（一）介词前移
1.有时从句中的介词会移到关系代词前，
此时关系代词用which, whom, whose
I would like to explain the reason for which you were absent.
2.关系代词前介词依据定语从句中的动词的搭配习惯或者先行词的搭配习惯来确定
He is just like the farmers to whom he has devoted his life.
I will never forget the time during which I spent my childhood.
定语从句的注意事项
（二）主谓一致
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，
定语从句的谓语动词的形式取决于先行词
先行词是单数，从句谓语动词用单数
先行词是复数，从句谓语动词用复数
Mr. Smith, who is downstairs, is asking to see you.
Mr. Smith and his wife , who are downstairs, are asking to see you.
考点抢测
which
who
whose
which
which
which
who
考点抢测
( ) 1 Do you know the teacher ___ is talking with your father
A. whose B. who C. which
( ) 2. The students ___ teacher has short hair are from Class One.
A. when B. which C. whose
( ) 3.Those ___ want to go to the cinema must come here at 7 tomorrow morning.
A. who B. which C. whom
( ) 4. The lady ___ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.
A. who B. about whom C. whom
( ) 5. The doctor _____ you are looking for is in the room.
A. whom B. what C. which
( ) 6. The gentleman for____ you are waiting has come.
A. who B. whom C. that
考点抢测
1.This is the car. The mechanic is repairing it.（将两句话合成一句话）
____________________________________
2.He is the man. He came here last week. （将两句话合成一句话）
____________________________________
3.She is the girl. I met her yesterday. （将两句话合成一句话）
____________________________________
4.These are the letters. I typed them. （将两句话合成一句话）
_____________________________________
This is the car which the mechanic is repairing.
He is the man who came here last week.
She is the girl whom I met yesterday.
These are the letters which I typed.