2024年高考英语二轮复习专题-阅读理解夹叙夹议
一、（2014-2023）高考已考过的词形转换79例
Group1 形容词→副词
1. rare罕有的，很少的→______罕有，很少(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
2. basic基本的→____________基本上，大体上(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. original起初的，原先的→____________起初，原来(2023·浙江1月)
4. eventual最后的→__________最后(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
5. accidental偶然的→__________偶然地(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
6. rough粗略的→____________大约(2022·浙江1月)
7. undoubted无疑的→________毋庸置疑地(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
8. sharp急剧的→____________急剧地(2021·浙江1月)
9. extreme极度的→__________极端地；极度地(2020·全国Ⅰ)
10. certain确定的→__________当然(2020·全国Ⅱ)
11. gentle平缓的→____________平缓地(2020·全国Ⅲ)
12. particular特别的→________尤其(2020·浙江1月)
13. poor不佳的→____________糟糕地(2019·全国Ⅰ)
14. final最终的→____________终于，最终(2019·全国Ⅱ)
15. huge巨大的→____________极其(2019·全国Ⅲ)
16. easy容易的→____________容易地(2019·浙江)
17. actual真实的→____________事实上(2018·全国Ⅱ)
18. recent近来的→____________近来(2018·浙江11月)
19. fair相当的→____________相当地(2017·全国Ⅱ)
20. real真正的→____________真实地(2017·浙江11月)
21. official正式的→__________正式地(2016·全国Ⅰ)
22. possible可能的→__________可能地(2013·广东)
【参考答案】
1.rarely 2.basically 3. originally 4.eventually 5. accidentally 6.roughly 7. undoubtedly 8.sharply 9. extremely 10.certainly 11. gently 12.particularly 13. poorly 14.finally 15.hugely 16. easily 17.actually 18. recently 19.fairly 20.really 21. officially 22.possibly
Group2 名词→形容词
1. difference差异，不同→______不同的(2023·全国甲)
2. taste味道，滋味→__________美味的(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
3. confidence自信，信心→______自信的(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
4. space空间，空地→__________宽敞的(2023·浙江1月)
5. meaning意义→____________有意义的(2022·全国甲)
6. day一天→____________每天的(2021·全国甲)
7. finance财政，金融→________财政的，金融的(2021·全国乙)
8. beauty美丽→____________美丽的(2020·全国Ⅱ)
9. wealth财富→____________富有的(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
10. luck运气→____________幸运的(2020·北京)
11. wonder惊奇→____________精彩的(2019·全国Ⅱ)
12. tradition传统→____________传统的(2019·全国Ⅲ/浙江)
13. energy精力，能量→________精力充沛的(2018·全国Ⅰ)
14. globe地球→____________全球的(2018·全国Ⅱ)
15. effect效应→____________有效的(2017·浙江11月)
16. nature自然→____________自然的(2015·全国Ⅱ)
17. sunburn晒伤→____________晒黑的(2014·广东)
18. patience耐心→____________有耐心的(2014·全国Ⅰ)
19. reason理由→____________合理的(2013·广东)
【参考答案】
1.different 2.tasty 3. confident 4.spacious 5. meaningful 6.daily 7.financial 8.beautiful 9.wealthy 10.lucky 11.wonderful 12.traditional 13.energetic 14.global 15. effective 16.natural 17. sunburnt 18.patient 19. reasonable
Group3 动词→名词
1. warn提醒，警告，告诫→______警示，提醒，告诫(2023·全国甲)
2. arrive到达，抵达→__________到达，抵达(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. protect保护→____________保护(2022·全国甲)
4. invite邀请→____________邀请(2022·浙江1月)
5. develop发展→____________发展(2021·全国乙)
6. celebrate庆祝→____________庆典；庆祝(2020·全国Ⅱ)
7. believe相信→____________信心，信任(2019·全国Ⅰ)
8. compete参加比赛→________比赛(2019·全国Ⅲ)
9. connect与……有联系→ 关系；连接(2019·浙江)
10. pollute污染→____________污染(2018·全国Ⅱ)
11. weigh有……重→__________重量(2018·浙江)
12. introduce引进；介绍→______采用；介绍(2017·全国Ⅱ)
13. educate教育→____________教育(2017·全国Ⅲ)
14. attract吸引→____________有吸引力的人或事物(2016·全国Ⅰ)
15. achieve完成→____________成就(2016·全国Ⅱ)
16. perform表演→____________表现(2016·浙江10月)
17. choose选择→____________选择(2009·广东)
【参考答案】
1.warning 2.arrival 3. protection 4.invitation 5. development 6.celebration 7.belief 8.competition 9.connection 10.pollution 11.weight 12. introduction 13.education 14.attraction 15.achievement 16.performance 17.choice
Group4 动词→形容词
1. remark谈论，说起；注意到→____________引人注目的，非凡的(2023·全国乙)
2. visit参观，游览→__________来访的(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. sleep睡觉→____________睡着的(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
4. educate教育→____________受过良好教育的(2021·全国乙)
5. astonish使惊讶→__________感到惊讶的(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
6. ache疼痛→____________疼痛的(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
7. afford买得起→____________支付得起的(2018·浙江)
8. shine发光，照耀→__________有光泽的(2017·浙江)
9. care关心→____________关心他人的(2016·四川)
10. surprise使惊奇→__________感到惊奇的(2016·浙江10月)
11. amaze使惊奇→____________令人大为惊奇的(2014·全国Ⅰ)
12. disappoint使失望→________感到失望的(2014·全国Ⅱ)
13. please使高兴→____________感到高兴的(2012·广东)
【参考答案】
1.remarkable 2.visiting 3. asleep 4.educated 5.astonished 6.aching 7.affordable 8.shiny/shining 9.caring 10. surprised 11.amazing 12. disappointed 13.pleased
Group5 形容词→名词
1. responsible负责的→________责任(2022·全国乙)
2. interesting有趣的→________吸引力，趣味；兴趣(2020·全国Ⅰ)
3. curious好奇的→____________好奇心(2020·全国Ⅲ)
4. accurate精确的→__________准确(性)(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
5. able有能力的→____________能力(2015·全国Ⅱ)
【参考答案】
1.responsibility 2.interest 3.curiosity 4.accuracy 5. ability
Group6 其他
1. strength力气→____________加强(2018·全国Ⅰ)
2. science科学→____________科学家(2018·全国Ⅲ)
3. surprise使惊奇→__________惊人地(2014·广东)
【参考答案】
1.strengthen 2.scientist 3. surprisingly
二、高考阅读理解完形填空熟词新意25词37例
1.address (熟义:v.写地址 n.地址)
Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand is being addressed. (v.设法解决;处理)
2.advance(熟义:v.& n.前进,推进)
The new assistant asked for an advance on her salary. (n.预付款)
3.against (熟义:prep.反对;逆着;依靠;与……竞争)
The painting looks nice against the white wall. (prep.以……为背景;映衬)
4.age (熟义:n.年龄)
Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. (v.变老)
5.announce(熟义:v.宣布)
Warm sunshine announces the approaching of the spring. (v.预示着)
6.balance(熟义:v.& n.平衡)
Make sure that you go and check your bank balance. (n.差额;余款)
The school aims to balance the time spent on arts and science subjects. (v.权衡)
7.bar(熟义:n.棒,条;酒吧)
Poor health may be a bar to success in life. (n.障碍)
8.back(熟义:adv.& n.后面)
If you back your car out of the driveway, I can get mine in. (v.使倒退)
Many of his friends backed his plan of creating another platform. (v.支持)
9.blue(熟义:adj.蓝色的 n.蓝色)
Your elder sister appeared blue when she failed in her experiment last time. (adj.忧伤的)
10.build(熟义:v.建设)
My personal bodyguard has a solid build. (n.身材;体形)
11.badly(熟义:adv.坏地,恶劣地)
Both sides want to win the coming final so badly. (adv.很,非常)
12.cause(熟义:v.致使)
These young graduates are working for a great cause and I am proud of them. (n.事业)
13.chance(熟义:n.机会)
I’m not sure of my success, but let me take a chance. (n.冒险)
I chanced to see the famous scientist last Sunday. (v.碰巧)
14.count(熟义:n.& v.计算,数)
There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers. (v.包括)
It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (v.有价值;重要)
15.cover(熟义:v.覆盖)
The tourists had covered 20 miles before dark. (v.走完一段路)
How many pages have you covered (v.看完多少页书)
Yesterday’s discussion covered a lot of topics. (v.涉及)
These doctors’ stories were covered in China Daily. (v.报道)
The money will cover all your expenses in the university. (v.够付)
16.cross(熟义:v.跨越,横穿 n.十字)
Don’t be cross with him. After all, he meant to help. (adj.生气的)
17.cut(熟义:v.割)
Buyers will try hard to cut the cost of the house they want. (v.削减)
18.develop(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)
Did you have the films developed (v.冲洗胶卷)
After developing a strange disease, he developed an interest in medicine. (v.患病;逐渐形成)
19.digest(熟义:v.消化 n.文摘)
I struggle to digest the news in today’s newspaper. (v.理解,领悟)
20.do (熟义:v.做)
The shoes won’t do for mountain climbing. (v.行,适合)
What makes us relaxed is that everything is doing well. (v.进展)
21.down(熟义:adv.向下,在下面)
I have been down ever since I heard the news. (adj.情绪低落的)
22.employ(熟义:v.雇用)
The police employed force to open the door. (v.利用,使用)
She was employed in preparing for the sports meet. (v.忙于)
23.escape(熟义:v.逃跑;逃脱)
His name escapes me for the moment. (v.被忘掉;被忽视)
24.even(熟义:adv.甚至)
The room should be kept at an even temperature. (adj.均匀的,稳定的)
The woman singer smiled, showing her small even teeth. (adj.整齐的)
“I think you are mistaken,” my mother said in an even tone. (adj.平静的;平和的)
25.express(熟义:v.表达)
Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai (n.快车)
I’ll express the sea food to my parents. (v.快递)
三、读后续写句首介词短语运用高考真题例句12例
1. (2024浙江首考卷)健身房旁边是一家自助餐厅，提供各种各样的食物和饮料。
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2. (2024浙江首考卷)在广阔的学校里，一个定向能力差的女孩很难导航，经常迷路。
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3. (2024浙江首考卷)她没有被建筑的规模和复杂性所淹没，而是专注于导航到这些关键位置。
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4. (2024浙江首考卷)从那时起，伊娃期待着体育课，并挑战自己每次都跑得更快、更长。
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5. (2024浙江首考卷)带着这种新发现的决心，她开始以不同的心态对待自己的高中经历。
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6. (2024浙江首考卷)她不会被它的大小和复杂性所淹没，而是会把它分解成更小、更易于管理的部分。
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7. (2024浙江首考卷)每次成功的导航，伊娃的信心都在增强，她在探索学校的不同楼层和侧翼时也变得更加自如。
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8. (2023浙江首考卷)蜂鸟不时地出现在我的脑海中。
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9. (2023浙江首考卷)有一瞬间，我好像忘记了蜂鸟。
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10. (2023浙江首考卷)看到这个声音和感激的生物，我不禁感到如释重负和敬畏。
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11. (2023浙江首考卷)到达后，我走近挤奶房，注意到破碎的窗户已经完全修好了
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12. (2023浙江首考卷)过了一会儿，她发出一声吱吱叫，好像在向我告别，然后飞向远方。
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【参考答案】
1. Next to the gym was a cafeteria, which provided a wide range of foods and drinks.
2. In the vast expanse of her school, a girl with poor directional skills struggled to navigate and often got lost.
3. Instead of feeling overwhelmed by the size and complexity of the building, she focused on navigating to these key locations.
4. From then on, Eva looked forward to P.E. class and challenged herself to run faster and longer each time.
5. With this newfound determination, she began to approach her high school experience with a different mindset.
6.Instead of feeling overwhelmed by its size and complexity, she would break it down into smaller, more manageable parts.
7.With each successful navigation, Eva's confidence grew and she became more comfortable exploring the different floors and wings of the school.
8.From time to time, the hummingbird flashed into my mind.
9.For an instant, I seemed to have forgotten about the hummingbird.
10.At the sight of this sound and grateful creature I couldn't help but feel a surge of relief and awe.
11.On arrival, I approached the milking house and notice that the broken window had been completely fixed
12.After a few moments, she let out a squeaking call as if bidding me farewell and flew off into the distance.
四、阅读理解夹叙夹议类对点训练10篇
【考点类型1】细节理解题
【名师点津】1.“原文-题干-选项”三对照标记
2.重视最佳答案与同义替换想象
3.用排除法，排除无中生有选项
（23-24高三下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）A few months ago, I became attracted by a podcast (播客) series but I hesitate to recommend it to you. Every day on the way to and from work, Root of Evil filled my car with the voices of two sisters, Rasha and Yvette, as they uncovered four generations of terrifying secrets within their clan(宗族), the Hodels.
I’ll spare you the details here. But I won’t hold back on my own secret: I can’t get enough of well-told stories about unfathomable (深不可测的) evil like this.
I was absorbed when my class turned to the first Biblical murder of Abel by Cain. In college, I devoted my senior essay to In Cold Blood, Truman Capote’s attempt to make sense of the random murder of the Clutter family in their home on the Kansas plains. Perhaps my favorite film character is FBI trainee Clarice Starling in The Silence of the Lambs, the very woman who hunts for one serial murderer with clues offered by another.
I may be defending myself, but I believe I am interested in these kinds of stories for a legal reason: They concern the search for the hardest truths imaginable. What kept me listening to the Hodel story, for instance, wasn’t just uncommon fascination. It was admiration. The voices of the family members taking into account the horrors caused by their loved ones carried a strong honesty that can’t be faked.
If you, too, are drawn to stories of ordinary people experiencing the worst their fellow humans have to offer and somehow coming out stronger, I do unhesitatingly recommend one recent source. As I read the 41 tales in our new True Crime collection, I felt each bringing me closer not only to crime fighters, survivors, and witnesses, but to humanity. The books are available at shop and I think you’ll find them thrilling reading.
1. Why did the writer hesitate to recommend the podcast series
A. They are full of secrets. B. They have something untrue.
C. They are a little evil. D. They are difficult to understand.
2. Why is The Silence of the Lambs mentioned in Para 3
A. To show it is the writer’s favorite film.
B. To prove the writer can’t get enough of such well-told stories.
C. To inform readers of the main character attractive to the writer.
D. To express that the film brought the writer closer to humanity.
3. What is the reasonable ground for the writer interested in these kinds of stories
A. The search for truths. B. Uncommon fascination.
C. A strong honesty. D. The class of his college.
4. What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage
A. To share his opinion of reading. B. To recommend a kind of books.
C. To explore the truths behind evil. D. To tell some stories of his life.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B
【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，文章记叙了作者对于邪恶犯罪类书籍的钟爱，解释了其原因并向读者推荐了该类书籍。
1. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A few months ago, I became attracted by a podcast(播客)series but I hesitate to recommend it to you. Every day on the way to and from work, Root of Evil filled my car with the voices of two sisters, Rasha and Yvette, as they uncovered four generations of terrifying secrets within their clan(宗族), the Hodels.(几个月前，我被一个播客系列吸引了，但我犹豫着向你推荐它。每天上下班的路上，我的车里都是《邪恶的根源》，两姐妹拉莎和伊维特的声音，她们揭露了霍德尔家族四代人的可怕秘密)”及第二段“I’ll spare you the details here. But I won’t hold back on my own secret: I can’t get enough of well-told stories about unfathomable(深不可测的)evil like this.(我在这里就不告诉你细节了。但我不会隐瞒我自己的秘密：我对这种深不可测的邪恶的故事总是爱不释手)”可知，作者犹豫推荐播客系列故事是因为这个故事系列有一些邪恶。故选C项。
2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Perhaps my favorite film character is FBI trainee Clarice Starling in The Silence of the Lambs, the very woman who hunts for one serial murderer with clues offered by another.(也许我最喜欢的电影角色是《沉默的羔羊》中的联邦调查局实习生克拉丽斯·斯塔林，正是这个女人利用另一个连环杀人犯提供的线索追捕一个连环杀人犯)”及下一段“I may be defending myself, but I believe I am interested in these kinds of stories for a legal reason: They concern the search for the hardest truths imaginable.(我可能是在为自己辩护，但我相信我对这类故事感兴趣是有法律原因的：它们涉及对可以想象到的最艰难的真相的探索)”可知，文章第三段提及《沉默的羔羊》是为了表达这部电影帮助作者更接近人性。故选D项。
3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I may be defending myself, but I believe I am interested in these kinds of stories for a legal reason: They concern the search for the hardest truths imaginable. What kept me listening to the Hodel story, for instance, wasn’t just uncommon fascination. It was admiration. The voices of the family members taking into account the horrors caused by their loved ones carried a strong honesty that can’t be faked.(我可能是在为自己辩护，但我相信我对这类故事感兴趣是有法律原因的:它们涉及对可以想象到的最艰难的真相的探索。比如，让我一直听霍德尔故事的，不仅仅是不寻常的迷恋。这是一种钦佩。考虑到他们所爱的人造成的恐怖，家庭成员的声音带着一种无法伪装的强烈诚实)”可知，作者对这类故事感兴趣的理由是对于真理的追求。故选A项。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If you, too, are drawn to stories of ordinary people experiencing the worst their fellow humans have to offer and somehow coming out stronger, I do unhesitatingly recommend one recent source.(如果你也被普通人的故事所吸引，他们经历了人类同伴所能提供的最糟糕的事情，并以某种方式变得更强大，我毫不犹豫地推荐最近的一个来源)”及全文内容可知，本文通过作者自己的阅读角度，向读者推荐了一种邪恶犯罪类书籍。故选B项。
（2024·广东汕头·一模）Here we are, wrapping up 2023 in a red bow like one of the holiday presents in a TV commercial. It was a year full of poetic discoveries for our editorial team and especially for me. I encountered so many new-to-me poets. Diana Solís from the December 2022 issue and Joyce Mansour from the June 2023 issue are examples of this: poets with whom I was unfamiliar and who have now become part of my daily conversation. Living in Chicago, I might have encountered Diana Solís some other way. She is an icon of revolutionary poetry and photography. What a gift to learn, to be enthusiastic about new poetics like I’m still in the front row of the classroom, trying to do my best.
Two truths I’ve learned about Chicago since moving here: Chicago is a city that holds things close and doesn’t need to show off about its riches. And there are riches everywhere —great music all over the place, the best pizza, an embarrassment of architectures, and, of course, poetry on every corner. Nelson Algren said every great writer must spend time in Chicago.
The final version of 2023 is from a distinguished Chicagoan, the poet and journalist Frank Marshall Davis. When I read his work for the first time, I was struck by the truth of the poems, his clear-eyed critique(批评). He was a truth teller when no one wanted to listen. This issue also includes poems of another Chicago great, Li-Young Lee. His poems taught me how to think about romance as an engine for a poem. Multiple generations of poets have been using the man’s gestures in their love poems, often without realizing it, because even their teachers were borrowing from Li-Young Lee too.
So maybe that is why this issue has me in my holiday feels. Poems can be for the poet and the community concurrently, an offering of the self that indicates the care of the giver.
5. What is the occupation of the author
A. A magazine editor. B. A news reporter.
C. A blog writer. D. A Chicagoan poet.
6. What does the author think of the year 2023
A. Everything was new in this year. B. It was a year of poetry revolutionary.
C. New poets led the way in this year. D. It was a year of discovery and learning.
7. What impresses the author most about Chicago
A. The great art everywhere. B. Its multicultural atmosphere.
C. The economic development. D. Its hidden music and poems.
8. Why does the author mention poets Frank Marshall Davis and Li-Young Lee
A. To set examples for young poets.
B. To show the great impact of poems.
C. To promote their unique writing technique.
D. To emphasize the importance of poetry reading.
【答案】5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者对自己在芝加哥的2023年的工作和生活进行了总结，并感悟到诗歌的伟大。
5. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It was a year full of poetic discoveries for our editorial team and especially for me.(对我们的编辑团队来说，这是充满诗意的发现的一年，对我来说更是如此。)”可知，作者的职业是一位杂志编辑。故选A。
6. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It was a year full of poetic discoveries for our editorial team and especially for me.(对我们的编辑团队来说，这是充满诗意的发现的一年，对我来说更是如此。)”和文章第二段“Two truths I’ve learned about Chicago since moving here: Chicago is a city that holds things close and doesn’t need to show off about its riches.(搬到这里后，我了解到关于芝加哥的两个事实：芝加哥是一个亲近事物的城市，不需要炫耀自己的财富。)”可知，作者认为2023年是发现和学习的一年。故选D。
7. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“And there are riches everywhere —great music all over the place, the best pizza, an embarrassment of architectures, and, of course, poetry on every corner.(到处都是财富——到处都是美妙的音乐，最好吃的披萨，令人尴尬的建筑，当然，每个角落都有诗歌。)”可知，芝加哥令作者印象最深刻的是无处不在的伟大艺术。故选A。
8. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The final version of 2023 is from a distinguished Chicagoan, the poet and journalist Frank Marshall Davis. When I read his work for the first time, I was struck by the truth of the poems, his clear-eyed critique(批评). He was a truth teller when no one wanted to listen. This issue also includes poems of another Chicago great, Li-Young Lee. His poems taught me how to think about romance as an engine for a poem. Multiple generations of poets have been using the man’s gestures in their love poems, often without realizing it, because even their teachers were borrowing from Li-Young Lee too.(2023年的最终版本出自芝加哥著名诗人兼记者弗兰克 马歇尔 戴维斯(Frank Marshall Davis)之手。当我第一次读他的作品时，我被诗歌的真实性和他敏锐的批判所震撼。没人想听的时候，他会说真话。这期还包括另一位芝加哥伟人Li-Young Lee的诗歌。他的诗教会了我如何把浪漫当作一首诗的引擎。好几代诗人都在他们的爱情诗中使用这个男人的手势，往往没有意识到这一点，因为甚至他们的老师也在借用Li-Young Lee。)”可知，作者提到这两位诗人是为了展示诗歌的影响。故选B。
【考点类型2】态度推断题
【名师点津】1.“原文-题干-选项”三对照标记；
2.重视原文相关词句动词、形容词褒贬性；
3.用排除法，从逻辑和褒贬性角度考虑。
（2024·安徽蚌埠·三模）Were it not for my mask’s rubber covering over my nose, no doubt his warm, fishy breath would have made the experience complete, as an adult male Atlantic grey seal (海豹) inspected me to the waters that bathe Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. This was a close and magical swimming-with-seals encounter filmed for BBC Two’s Springwatch four years ago.
My job is to get people to love and connect with nature, but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted. Is it possible that we get a little too close, and love nature a little too much Certainly, for anyone working in wildlife media and tourism, the reality is that habitats and many species often can’t handle longtime close contact with humans.
Marine mammals they may be, but seals must regularly return to dry land, hauling (牵引) themselves out of the water to rest, digest, and reproduce. Haul-out sites are typically inaccessible beaches or rocky tiny islands after the tide falls away. These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed, particularly by walkers, dogs and boats full of wildlife tourists. When frightened, seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or, worse still, hard rocks, risking broken jaws or bones.
In Scotland in February 2021, a ban came into force that stopped the fisheries industry from shooting seals. Prior to this, seals in Scotland could be shot under licence. Seal groups and charities are revising their policies to no longer encourage people to seek out encounters with seals either in or out of the water, especially during the winter months when the grey seal pupping (产崽) season is in full swing.
No matter how much we love seals, remember they are terrified of us, so we really need to enjoy them from a distance. But that is not to say there can’t be a connection. Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters. The marine mammals have much to deal with, including climate change, and we have a lot to learn from these envoys (使者) from the sea.
9. Why did the author film swimming-with-seals encounter four years ago
A. To get people close to nature. B. To inspect an Atlantic grey seal.
C. To challenge himself in the waters. D. To promote BBC Two’s TV programme.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the swimming-with-seals experience
A. Contradictory. B. Tolerant. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive.
11. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 3
A. To define the haul-out sites of seals. B. To introduce the living habit of seals.
C. To prove humans’ disturbance to seals. D. To present the safety problem facing seals.
12. What does the author suggest doing
A. Stopping shooting seals completely.
B. Leaving seals alone especially in winter.
C. Reducing the influence of climate change on seals.
D. Connecting with seals indirectly by protecting them.
【答案】9. A 10. A 11. D 12. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者由自己拍摄与海豹同游的经历想到我们离大自然太近了，导致海豹会有一些安全问题，建议我们在远处欣赏它们。
9. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This was a close and magical swimming-with-seals encounter filmed for BBC Two’s Springwatch four years ago.(这是四年前为BBC第二台的Springwatch拍摄的一次与海豹亲密而神奇的邂逅)”和第二段中“My job is to get people to love and connect with nature(我的工作是让人们热爱大自然，与大自然建立联系)”可知，作者四年前拍摄与海豹同游是工作职责，目的是让人们接近大自然，故选A。
10. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted(但这次经历仍然让我感到既兴奋又矛盾)”可知，作者对于和海豹同游的经历持矛盾态度，故选A。
11. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed, particularly by walkers, dogs and boats full of wildlife tourists. When frightened, seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or, worse still, hard rocks, risking broken jaws or bones.(这些安全的地方一旦受到干扰，尤其是受到行人、狗和满载野生动物游客的船只的干扰，就会变成一个很可怕的落差。当受到惊吓时，海豹喜欢逃到浅海中，或者更糟的是，逃到坚硬的岩石中，冒着下巴或骨头骨折的危险)”可知，本段主要讲述海豹面临的安全问题。故选D。
12. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No matter how much we love seals, remember they are terrified of us, so we really need to enjoy them from a distance. But that is not to say there can’t be a connection. Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters.(不管我们有多爱海豹，记住它们害怕我们，所以我们真的需要在远处欣赏它们。但这并不是说两者之间没有联系。参加有组织的调查有助于监测海豹和我们水域的健康)”可知，作者建议我们在远处欣赏海豹，参加有组织的调查来帮助监测海豹的健康，即通过保护它们来建立间接的联系，故选D。
【考点类型3】标题概括题
【名师点津】1.狠抓两头，抓关键词，尤其名词短语
2.突出三性：概括性，简洁性和新颖性
3.用排除法，排除范围过大或过于具体
（23-24高三下·陕西延安·阶段练习）“Look at the results. What should our alpha level be to correct for multiple comparisons ” I stared at the statistics problem on the whiteboard and saw a lot of symbols and numbers but nothing that looked remotely like an “a”, let alone an “alpha”. All around me, pencils scratched out calculations as my classmates got to work. I pretended to start my own calculations as my heart beat soundly and my face turned hot.
“If I don’t know the answer to this question,” I thought, “I don’t belong in this class.”
It turns out I’m not alone. In a study of over 1,000 high school students recruited by Character Lab Research Network, about 40% said they regularly hesitated to admit when they didn’t know something in class. The struggles were especially strong among girls and were most common in math.
Why We tend to believe that you can’t be good at math unless you’ re really smart. The more we think we need to be “brilliant” to succeed, the harder it is to reveal what we don’t know to others. But if students don’t feel comfortable voicing their questions in school, they will miss opportunities to learn from peers and teachers — the very opportunities that can make them brilliant.
To help teens overcome this resistance, you can change their feelings by sharing times you have felt reluctant to ask — like my story about statistics class.
I filled the blanks with puzzling statistics with a little help from my classmate Liz. Still in a panic, I glanced up from my paper and saw a hand shoot into the air. “What do you mean by alpha level ” Liz asked.
“Good question,” the teacher said. Now the learning could begin.
Don’t hide what you don’t know. The more you conceal your questions, the scarier it becomes to ask for help. Be brave and share your questions with the world.
13. Why does the author mention his statistics class in the first paragraph
A. To illustrate the importance of fame. B. To complain about the boring class.
C. To lead in the topic of the study. D. To draw the interest of the readers.
14. What can we infer from the study
A. Only talented students are able to do well in math.
B. Most senior students aren’t interested in math lesson.
C. The elder students would become more inactive in class.
D. The more questions you ask, the cleverer you will become.
15. What did the teacher do to help the students in the statistics class
A. He changed the question into a simple one.
B. He shared his experience with the students.
C. He built students’ courage to ask questions.
D. He ignored the students’ indifference in class.
16. What is the best title of the text
A. Nothing is to hide B. Everything is possible
C. Everyone is a talent D. All will be answered for
【答案】13. C 14. D 15. C 16. A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过作者自身的经历告诉我们不要隐瞒你不知道的事情。你越是隐瞒你的问题，寻求帮助就会变得越可怕。勇敢一点，把你的问题分享给全世界。
13. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段““Look at the results. What should our alpha level be to correct for multiple comparisons ” I stared at the statistics problem on the whiteboard and saw a lot of symbols and numbers but nothing that looked remotely like an “a”, let alone an “alpha”. All around me, pencils scratched out calculations as my classmates got to work. I pretended to start my own calculations as my heart beat soundly and my face turned hot.(“看看结果。对于多重比较，我们的alpha水平应该是多少？”我盯着白板上的统计问题，看到了很多符号和数字，但没有一个看起来像“a”，更不用说“alpha”了。当我的同学开始工作时，我的周围到处都是铅笔在计算。我假装开始自己的计算，我的心怦怦直跳，我的脸开始发热。)”以及文章第三段“It turns out I’m not alone. In a study of over 1,000 high school students recruited by Character Lab Research Network, about 40% said they regularly hesitated to admit when they didn’t know something in class. The struggles were especially strong among girls and were most common in math.(事实证明，我并不孤单。性格实验室研究网络(Character Lab Research Network)对1000多名高中生进行了一项研究，其中约40%的人表示，当他们在课堂上不懂的东西时，他们经常犹豫是否承认。这种挣扎在女孩中尤其强烈，在数学方面最为常见。)”可推测，作者在第一段提到了他的统计学课程是为了引出研究的主题。故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But if students don’t feel comfortable voicing their questions in school, they will miss opportunities to learn from peers and teachers—the very opportunities that can make them brilliant.(但是，如果学生在学校里不自在地提出问题，他们就会失去向同学和老师学习的机会，而这些机会恰恰可以让他们变得聪明。)”可推测，研究表明，提出问题会让学生变得更聪明。故选D。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“To help teens overcome this resistance, you can change their feelings by sharing times you have felt reluctant to ask—like my story about statistics class.(为了帮助青少年克服这种抗拒，你可以通过分享你不愿意提问的时间来改变他们的感受——就像我关于统计学课的故事一样。)”以及文章第七段““Good question,” the teacher said. Now the learning could begin.(“问得好，”老师说。现在学习可以开始了。)”可推测，在统计学课上，作者的老师面对学生的提问予以肯定的回复，这就表明了老师通过培养学生提问的勇气来帮助他们。故选C。
16. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Don’t hide what you don’t know. The more you conceal your questions, the scarier it becomes to ask for help. Be brave and share your questions with the world.(不要隐瞒你不知道的事情。你越是隐瞒你的问题，寻求帮助就会变得越可怕。勇敢一点，把你的问题分享给全世界。)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章讨论了学生在课堂上不隐藏自己的无知和问题的重要性，尤其是在数学上，女孩往往会犹豫更多。作者强调需要克服这种阻力，勇敢地提出问题，因为这是学习的关键部分。选项A“Nothing is to hide”准确地总结了这篇文章的中心思想，鼓励学生接受自己知识的不足，寻求帮助来学习和提高。故选A。
【考点类型4】猜词词义题
【名师点津】1.代入法：把四个选项代入原文看哪个逻辑通顺
2.排除法：依据原文逻辑和褒贬性进行推断筛选
（23-24高三上·湖北·阶段练习）The summer holidays have just begun, but it is a busy morning at Cadoxton Primary School, in Barry, an industrial town in Wales. It runs a summer programme for hard-up (拮据的) children, providing meals and activities over the holidays with the aim of helping kids to spend the time more meaningfully. As young people run laughing and screaming into the school cafeteria for breakfast, their parents hung out, some visibly relieved. Just three days into the six-week school holidays one mother says her nine-year-old daughter has already asked five times to go bowling. “Without the school’s help,” she says, “it would be a long and expensive six weeks.”
In the popular imagination, school summer holidays conjure up (使……呈现于脑际) a picture of carefree youthful exploration. But many parents rely on the term-time services that schools give their kids, such as tutors and meals. If the holidays approach, they can suddenly find their schedules and budgets stretched. Researchers also say that the long break often sets back children’s learning, and that children from poorer backgrounds are desperately affected due to their shortage of money.
Many poor children fall behind their wealthier peers over the holidays. “Summer is the most unequal time of the year,” says Matthew Boulay of the National Summer Learning Association. “Well-off parents can fill the gap left by school and consolidate (使巩固) their children’s unfamiliar knowledge well, keeping their children stimulated with summer camps, trips abroad or private tutors. Poorer families, apparently, find this harder, since their income is relatively low and demand for sponsored activities offered by governments,” he adds.
Holidays can be a financial stress, which is absolutely true. In countries where some children receive free school meals, summer means bigger grocery bills for hard-up families. Households where both parents work have to pay for extra childcare, too. The Family and Childcare Trust, a charity, says that in Britain, where childcare costs are the highest in the OECD, a club of mostly rich countries. Parents will spend an average of 33 per child per week on childcare this summer, mainly because of the sharp shortage of governmental funding sponsor.
17. What is the purpose of the summer programme
A. To lengthen students’ school life. B. To keep students busy all the time.
C. To provide students with free meals. D. To enrich students’ summer holidays.
18. What does the underlined word “stretched” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Rich. B. Tight. C. Reasonable. D. Affordable.
19. Which statement does Matthew Boulay probably agree with
A. Badly-off parents are likely to give up sponsoring their kids.
B. Well-off parents are unwilling to offer their kids extra tutors.
C. Students from poor family can well deal with the peer pressure.
D. Students from rich family can strengthen their learned knowledge.
20. Why must British parents pay for the childcare in summer holiday
A. Because of insufficiency of free tutors. B. Because of shortage of social sponsor.
C. Because of shortage of free school meals. D. Because of lack of governmental support.
【答案】17. D 18. B 19. D 20. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了暑假家长为孩子报暑期项目，以及这种现象对家长和孩子带来的影响。
17. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“It runs a summer programme for hard-up (拮据的) children, providing meals and activities over the holidays with the aim of helping kids to spend the time more meaningfully.(学校为贫困儿童开办了一个暑期项目，在假期期间提供膳食和活动，目的是帮助孩子们更有意义地利用时间)”可知，暑期活动是为了丰富孩子的生活，使假期生活更有意义。故选 D。
18. 词句猜测题。根据该画线词的前后文“But many parents rely on the term-time services that schools give their kids, such as tutors and meals. If the holidays approach, they can suddenly find their schedules and budgets stretched. Researchers also say that the long break often sets back children’s learning, and that children from poorer backgrounds are desperately affected due to their shortage of money.(但是许多家长依靠学校提供给他们孩子的学期服务，例如家教和伙食。如果假期来临，他们可能会突然发现自己的日程安排和预算stretched。研究人员还说，长假常常使孩子们的学习受到阻碍，并且贫困家庭的孩子因为缺钱而受到严重影响)”可知，假期的各种开支使得预算紧张，所以划线部分单词stretched意为“紧张的”。故选 B。
19. 细节 理解题。根据第三段中Matthew Boulay说的话“Well-off parents can fill the gap left by school and consolidate (使巩固) their children’s unfamiliar knowledge well, keeping their children stimulated with summer camps, trips abroad or private tutors.(家庭富裕的家长可以填补学校留下的空白，巩固孩子不熟悉的知识，让他们的孩子在夏令营，出国旅行或私人教师的帮助下保持对学习的热情)”可知，家庭富裕的父母会利用假期来让孩子巩固不熟悉的知识。 故选 D。
20. 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Parents will spend an average of 33 per child per week on childcare this summer, mainly because of the sharp shortage of governmental funding sponsor(这个暑假，父母平均每周要花费33英镑在照顾孩子上,主要是由于政府资助的严重短缺)”可知，缺乏政府的资金帮扶，家长们只能自费参加。故选 D。
（23-24高三下·四川成都·开学考试）It’s said that you can tell a lot about a person by looking at what’s on their bookshelves. What do my bookshelves say about me Well, I’d always thought of myself as a cultured person, but my bookshelves told a rather different story.
So, in October 2011, I registered my blog, , and posted a short appeal online. I explained how narrow my reading had been and asked anyone who cared to suggest what I read from other parts of the planet. I had no idea whether anyone would be interested, but within a few hours, people started to get in touch.
Books came from surprising sources. My Panamanian read, for example, came through a conversation I had with the Panama Canal on Twitter, which advised I try the work of the Panamanian author Juan David Morgan. I found Morgan’s website and sent him a message, asking if any of his Spanish-language novels had been translated into English. And he said nothing had been published, but he did have an unpublished translation of his novel “The Golden Horse”, and he emailed it to me.
Morgan was by no means the only wordsmith to share his work with me in this way. From Sweden to Palau, writers and translators sent me self-published books and unpublished manuscripts (手稿) of books that hadn’t been picked up by Anglophone publishers or that were no longer available, giving me privileged glimpses (初步的感受) of some remarkable imaginary worlds.
The books I read that year have opened my eyes to many things. That can be an uncomfortable experience, particularly when I’m reading a book from a culture that may have quite different values to my own. But it can also be really enlightening. Wrestling with unfamiliar ideas can help clarify my own thinking and show up blind spots in the way I might have been looking at the world.
When I looked back at much of the English-language literature I’d grown up with, I began to see how narrow a lot of it was, compared to the richness that the world has to offer. Little by little, that long list of countries that I’d started the year with changed from a rather dry, academic register of place names into living, breathing entities.
21. Why did the author create the blog “A Year of Reading the World”
A. To learn from others’ bookshelves.
B. To broaden her cultural horizons.
C. To get recommendations from readers.
D. To find out the literary works she lacked.
22. What did the author think of the responses from writers and translators
A. They presented a challenge to the author.
B. They blocked the author’s reading journey.
C. They offered unique access to literary worlds.
D. They inspired confidence in the author’s project.
23. How does reading diverse cultural books benefit the author
A. Provide her with unfamiliar topics.
B. Make her absorbed in other cultures.
C. Show fields she needs to learn more about.
D. Reveal areas she lacks insight in her worldview.
24. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Exploring the Global Literary Landscape
B. The Challenge of Reading the World
C. Uncovering Stories from Every Country
D. The Impact of Culture on the Worldview
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议，谈论了作者通过探索世界不同地区的书籍来拓宽文学视野的历程。
21. 推理判断题。根据第一段 “Well, I’d always thought of myself as a cultured person, but my bookshelves told a rather different story.( 嗯，我一直认为自己是一个有教养的人，但我的书架告诉我一个完全不同的故事。)” 和第二段中“So, in October 2011, I registered my blog, , and posted a short appeal online. I explained how narrow my reading had been and asked anyone who cared to suggest what I read from other parts of the planet. (因此，在2011年10月，我注册了自己的博客，并在网上发表了一篇简短的呼吁。我解释了我的阅读范围有多窄，并请任何关心我的人建议我从地球上其他地方读到什么。)”推知，作者想探索世界各地的文学作品，以此来扩大自己的文化视野，因此创建了“A Year of Reading the World”的博客。故选B。
22. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“From Sweden to Palau, writers and translators sent me self-published books and unpublished manuscripts (手稿) of books that hadn’t been picked up by Anglophone publishers or that were no longer available, giving me privileged glimpses(初步的感受)of some remarkable imaginary worlds.(从瑞典到帕劳，作家和翻译们给我寄来了自己出版的书和未出版的手稿，这些书没有被英语出版商收录，或者已经不可能了，让我有幸瞥见了一些非凡的想象世界。)”可知，这些世界各地的作家和翻译家的热情相助，使作者有幸初步感受一些非凡的文学世界。故选C。
23. 细节理解题。根据第五段 “Wrestling with unfamiliar ideas can help clarify my own thinking and show up blind spots in the way I might have been looking at the world.(与陌生的思想搏斗可以帮助阐明自己的思维，并揭示我可能一直以来在看待世界时忽略的盲点)”可知，作者想方设法理解自己不熟悉的观点，帮助自己阐明自己的思维，发现自己看待世界的方式中可能存在的盲点，这是阅读种类繁多的文化书籍给作者带来的好处。故选D。
24. 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是作者意识到自己读过的英语文学相对来说比较狭窄，因此，她在2011年注册了一个博客，并向网友征集世界各地的阅读建议。许多作家和翻译家都给她寄来了自己的作品或未出版的手稿，让她有机会欣赏到一些世界上独特的想象力。通过阅读这些书，作者的眼界得到了开拓，体会到了不同文化所带来的种种启示。而面对一些与自己的价值观相差较大的作品，虽然有时会让人感到不舒服，但也能帮助澄清自己的思维，并揭示自己可能一直以来在看待世界时忽略的盲点。A选项“Exploring the Global Literary Landscape(探索全球文学领域)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选A。
（23-24高三上·山西太原·期末）Taking an end-of-season break sounds simple, right You may think a carefree week spent on a beach is what’s most desired. But actually most athletes would spend hours trying to convince their coaches that they really don't need to rest at all, subsequently filling up all of their given time with as many replacement activities as possible.
This year I was given a week’s holiday by my coach to enjoy absolute relaxation. For the first three days I remained happily wrapped up in the satisfaction of my last race result, embracing pajama days, taking all morning just to have breakfast and using my spare time to socialize more than I usually do. I was enjoying it, and yet···All this resting made me feel restless. Then came Thursday. I laced up my shoes and headed back to the track.
The simple part of resting is the physical act of it, but given that I usually train with focus and tension, learning to check out mentally doesn’t always come naturally after a season, especially when I’m on holiday. After a season with good results, some well-meaning people excitedly ask “What's next ” It can wander in my mind and raise doubt over what I should be doing according to other people’s opinions.
In this case I talked to some experienced athletes and raised my concern, one of whom suggested establishing a general outline of the next season’s goals prior to holidays. I find it helpful, not only preventing me from feeling rushed to get back into workouts too soon and giving a sense of purpose to the rest itself, but also ensuring that I will not spend my break making plans but allow my mind to rest too.
We all fear losing the fitness and the achievements that we worked so hard to gain, but in reality, taking the appropriate rest and knowing how to take it is a help. Here’s hoping that I’ll get the balance next year. But if I didn’t, at least I would enjoy myself.
25. What do most athletes do during a holiday after a season
A. Negotiate with coaches. B. Do alternative workouts.
C. Enjoy absolute relaxation. D. Travel to a seaside destination.
26. What can we infer about the author’s holiday from paragraph 2
A. It was carefully arranged. B. It followed the coach’s plan.
C. It was ended ahead of schedule. D. It was interrupted by unexpected tasks.
27. What is the author’s real need during the break time
A. Mind rest. B. Physical recovery.
C. Time management. D. Professional guidance.
28. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Secrets to Winning on Tracks B. Plans for Next Season’s Training
C. End-of-season Break: A New Beginning D. From Legs to Brain: True Relaxation for Athletes
【答案】25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讨论了运动员在赛季结束后如何休息的话题，作者通过自己的经历和与其他运动员的交流，提出了对于如何正确休息的看法和建议。
25. 细节理解题。根据第一段“But actually most athletes would spend hours trying to convince their coaches that they really don't need to rest at all, subsequently filling up all of their given time with as many replacement activities as possible.(但实际上，大多数运动员会花几个小时试图说服他们的教练，他们真的根本不需要休息，然后用尽可能多的替代活动填满他们所有的时间)”可知，大多数运动员在赛季结束后的假期都做一些另类的锻炼。故选B项。
26. 推理判断题。根据第二段“This year I was given a week’s holiday by my coach to enjoy absolute relaxation. For the first three days I remained happily wrapped up in the satisfaction of my last race result, embracing pajama days, taking all morning just to have breakfast and using my spare time to socialize more than I usually do. I was enjoying it, and yet···All this resting made me feel restless. Then came Thursday. I laced up my shoes and headed back to the track.(今年教练给了我一周的假期，让我好好放松一下。前三天，我一直沉浸在对最后一场比赛成绩的满意中，享受着穿着睡衣的日子，整个上午只吃早餐，利用业余时间比平时更多地参加社交活动。我很享受，但这一切让我感到不安。然后到了星期四。我系好鞋带，回到跑道上)”可推知，作者有一周的假期，但是在第四天他开始训练，所以是假期提前结束了。故选C项。
27. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The simple part of resting is the physical act of it, but given that I usually train with focus and tension, learning to check out mentally doesn’t always come naturally after a season, especially when I’m on holiday.(休息最简单的部分是身体上的休息，但考虑到我通常都是集中精力和紧张地训练，在一个赛季之后，学会在精神上检查并不总是自然而然的，尤其是在我度假的时候)”可推知，作者在休息时间的真正需要是心灵休息。故选A项。
28. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Taking an end-of-season break sounds simple, right You may think a carefree week spent on a beach is what’s most desired.(赛季结束休息一段时间听起来很简单，对吧 你可能认为在海滩上无忧无虑地度过一周是最理想的)”以及最后一段“We all fear losing the fitness and the achievements that we worked so hard to gain, but in reality, taking the appropriate rest and knowing how to take it is a help. Here’s hoping that I’ll get the balance next year. But if I didn’t, at least I would enjoy myself.(我们都害怕失去我们努力获得的健康和成就，但实际上，适当的休息和知道如何休息是有帮助的。我希望明年我能拿到余额。但就算我不喜欢，至少我也会玩得很开心)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何正确休息，所以D项“From Legs to Brain: True Relaxation for Athletes(从腿到脑:运动员真正的放松)”是本文最好的标题。故选D项。
（23-24高三上·江苏淮安·期中）“Are you all right ” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph.D. program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.” It set me thinking a lot.
As a first-year Ph.D. student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of, I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my cohort.
I noticed that most of the people around me seemed to be working all the time. I began to spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab. But my strategy didn’t work. I crashed from burnout. The tiredness took a toll on my productivity and motivation. During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect — and it wasn’t sustainable.
From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Eventually, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about.
I noticed that having more time for myself made me more rested and motivated when I went back to work. I continued quietly along this path for years, until that conversation in the hallway. So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph.D. , I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine.
29. What can we learn about the student
A. He spent much time in lab work. B. He had finished the Ph.D. program.
C. He was concerned about the author. D. He was putting in extra hours at night.
30. How does the author feel about his work at first
A. Anxious. B. Ambitious. C. Dissatisfied. D. Enthusiastic.
31. Which can replace the underlined phrase “took a toll on” in Para. 3
A. Added fuel to. B. Had a negative impact on.
C. Cast new light on. D. Depended too much on.
32. What does the author intend to tell us
A. A healthy work-life balance counts.
B. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.
C. Fitting in doesn’t mean working overtime.
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
【答案】29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A
【导语】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己博士生的经历，讨论了在研究生院时，如何避免过度工作和压力，保持身心健康，提高个人工作效率。
29. 推理判断题。根据第一段““Are you all right ” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph.D. program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.”(“你没事吧 ”那个学生在走廊里从我身边经过时问道。在写论文之前，我正处于最后一项工作的最后阶段。那个比我晚4年读博士的学生接着说：“我看到你们组的人工作很努力，加班加点，甚至在晚上也加班。”)”可知，这个学生关注作者的情况，询问作者身体状况，所以是很关心作者。故选C项。
30. 推理判断题。根据第二段“As a first-year Ph.D. student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of, I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my cohort.(作为一名一年级的博士生，我很幸运有善良、善解人意的导师。但我感到了成为一个完美学生的巨大压力。我一直在找无数个理由，为什么我进入研究生院时，与同龄人相比处于劣势。作为一名来自哥伦比亚的学生，我在教授和同事们从未听说过的机构接受教育，我说话的口音让人听不懂，而且我比同龄人中的大多数人都年长)”可知，作者在刚开始的时候感到压力很大，担心自己的口音和年龄，所以起初作者是感觉焦虑的。故选A项。
31. 词句猜测题。根据前文“I crashed from burnout.(我精疲力竭了)”以及后文“During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect—and it wasn’t sustainable.(在办公室里度过的一个毫无头脑的星期天里，我意识到自己掉进了一个陷阱，以为同事的工作习惯就是归属感和值得尊重的标准——而这是不可持续的)”可知，作者精疲力竭，在办公室工作时，毫无头绪，所以疲劳影响了他的工作效率，推知took a toll on是“对……有负面影响”之意，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
32. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Eventually, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about.(从那时起，我不再计算我投入的工作时间，每天留出时间锻炼和做我喜欢的活动。最终，我意识到没有人记录我在实验室里花了多少时间，这不是我需要担心的事情)”以及最后一段“So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph.D., I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine.(所以，几周后，当我再次遇到她时，我告诉她，尽管我在博士学位的最后一年感到压力很大，但我还是把心理和身体健康放在第一位，没有加班。我也开始和其他学生谈论高质量的睡眠、体育锻炼、健康的饮食和合理的工作时间是我日常生活的一部分)”可知，作者主要想要告诉读者健康的工作与生活平衡很重要。故选A项。
（23-24高三上·湖南·阶段练习）When I was 15 or 16 years old, I used to enjoy staring out of my bedroom window at night, at the sky and other houses. After a few minutes of focused attention, I would always reach a point where my vision shifted. The clouds would suddenly look different, stranger and more real. They weren’t “clouds” anymore, but different magical animal shapes that moved through space. The houses weren’t “houses” anymore-they were strange geometric structures made up of jigsaw (拼图) patterns of bricks.
It’s difficult to describe the shift in my vision, but it always felt exciting, as if I was seeing through to the heart of things, beneath a layer of familiarity.
In most situations, our perception is automatic. We see the familiar world, surrounded by objects and phenomena that we perceived thousands of times before and don’t pay real attention to. In addition, we perceive the world through filters (过滤器) of concepts. We have a conceptual label (or name) for everything we see. We label floating shapes in the sky as clouds; we label a masive variety of natural forms with spreading roots and branches as trees. Through filters of familiarity and concepts, our perception of the world is like a faded black-and-white image compared to a three-dimensional colour image.
This is why it always makes sense to side-step our normal familiar perception and perceive the world with fresh vision, free of concepts and expectations, looking at objects as if they had never been seen before, or as if they were other things.
We can see this in great artists. They go beyond familiarity and find a new way of seeing things. Familiar everyday objects like fruit and flowers and bottles are filled with freshness and beauty in the great still-life paintings of artists like Cezanne or Matisse. To look at paintings by Vincent van Gogh, such as Sunflowers, Irises or Van Gogh’s Chair, makes you feel as if an extra dimension of reality has been revealed.
And of course, this is the reason why we love to go to art galleries to see such paintings. To look at them is like going on vacation to a strange foreign country, a reminder of the raw beauty and wonder of the world, hidden beneath our normal automatic vision.
33. How did the author look out of the bedroom window
A. With full attention. B. In a normal way.
C. In astonishment. D. With great care.
34. What does the author really mean by saying “our perception is automatic” in paragraph 3
A. We perceive the world all the time. B. We tend to look at things without thinking.
C. We have the ability to perceive the world. D. We are familiar with the world around us.
35. Why are great artists mentioned in the text
A. To introduce new ways to create art. B. To show how real beauty is created.
C. To support what the author advocates. D. To argue for what the author did as a teenager.
36. What can be the best title for the text
A. Creating a New World through Art B. Looking at the World with New Eyes
C. Appreciating the Beauty of Every Day D. Experiencing Life in Unfamiliar Environments
【答案】33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过自己的经历阐述了我们应该用新的眼光看待世界的观点。
33. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“When I was 15 or 16 years old, I used to enjoy staring out of my bedroom window at night, at the sky and other houses. After a few minutes of focused attention, I would always reach a point where my vision shifted. (当我十五六岁的时候，我常常喜欢在晚上从卧室的窗户向外凝视天空和其他房子。在集中注意力几分钟后，我总是会到达一个视线转移的点。)”可知，作者全神贯注地从卧室的窗户往外看。故选A项。
34. 词句猜测题。第三段中“our perception is automatic”的后文“We see the familiar world, surrounded by objects and phenomena that we perceived thousands of times before and don’t pay real attention to. In addition, we perceive the world through filters (过滤器) of concepts. (我们看到熟悉的世界，周围的物体和现象，我们以前已经感知了几千次，并没有真正注意到。此外，我们通过概念的过滤器来感知世界。)”说明我们感知熟悉的事物时对它们已有一个概念性的标签，形成了一种思维定势，我们对这些事物的感知是无意识的，不假思索的。从而推知其含义为“我们往往不假思索地看待事物。”。故选B项。
35. 推理判断题。第四段“This is why it always makes sense to side-step our normal familiar perception and perceive the world with fresh vision, free of concepts and expectations, looking at objects as if they had never been seen before, or as if they were other things. (这就是为什么我们总是有必要避开我们正常熟悉的感知，用新鲜的视角来感知世界，不受概念和期望的影响，像从未见过一样看待事物，或者把它们当作其他事物。)”是作者的论点，根据第五段中“We can see this in great artists. They go beyond familiarity and find a new way of seeing things. (我们可以在伟大的艺术家身上看到这一点。他们超越熟悉的事物，找到一种新的看待事物的方式。)”可知，作者提到艺术家是为了支持自己的论点。故选C项。
36. 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第四段“This is why it always makes sense to side-step our normal familiar perception and perceive the world with fresh vision, free of concepts and expectations, looking at objects as if they had never been seen before, or as if they were other things. (这就是为什么我们总是有必要避开我们正常熟悉的感知，用新鲜的视角来感知世界，不受概念和期望的影响，像从未见过一样看待事物，或者把它们当作其他事物。)”可知，本文通过自己的经历阐述了我们应该用新的眼光看待世界的观点。B项符合主题，故选B项。
（23-24高三上·广东广州·阶段练习）These days, seemingly everyone is creating their own business. People are talking about entrepreneurship as if once you start your own business, everything will flow smoothly for the rest of your life. Unfortunately, this is rarely the case.
My story of building resilience (承受力) in business began when I was an employee years ago, tired of working for someone else. I wanted to start my own business, so as a musician myself, I came up with the concept of helping other musicians with their business.
It was not an easy time. I had to count pennies to feed myself. But slowly, through word-of-mouth spread, not only among musician, but small businesses as well, I was developing a client base. After years of hard work, eventually my company now serves Fortune 500 companies.
As a musician, I decided to create a music and film project called X: The Human Condition. It was my message in a bottle—you are not alone. I wanted to inspire people who felt disconnected, alienated, different.
I had to fund it myself because out of all the people I approached in the entertainment industry, they all said it would be impossible and nobody wanted to invest. But I was determined to prove them wrong. Over 12 years, I struggled to get the project off the ground. I almost went broke and became so ill that I nearly lost my vision permanently. I overcame every obstacle that was put in front of me, and after 12 years we were able to release the project successfully. The experiences with adversity led me to create the website, Rise Up Again.org, a community of people from all over the world overcoming difficulties and sharing their stories to inspire others.
When it comes to entrepreneurship, expect the unexpected. Regardless, be aware that there is no shortcut to building resilience. Mastering adversity is one that must be learned through trial and error. But the important thing to note is that when you do go through adversity, never think of it as your enemy, think of it as your ally.
37. What can we learn about the author
A. He was a successful musician. B. He longed to be a boss.
C. He changed his career path. D. His business ran smoothly.
38. Why did the author start the project X: The Human Condition
A. To send a message in a bottle. B. To fund the homeless people.
C. To promote musical films. D. To encourage those in adversity.
39. What is the biggest challenge for the author to start his business
A. Health problem. B. Financial difficulty.
C. Lack of experience. D. Community objection.
40. What would the author say to new businessmen
A. Try to make some errors. B. Get used to your expectation.
C. There is no shortcut to success. D. Difficulties can make you tougher.
【答案】37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要论述了作者自己的创业经历，告诉创业者要意识到创业成功没有捷径，当经历逆境时，永远不要把它当成敌人，要把它当成盟友。
37. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“My story of building resilience (承受力) in business began when I was an employee years ago, tired of working for someone else. I wanted to start my own business, so as a musician myself, I came up with the concept of helping other musicians with their business.(多年前，当我还是一名雇员，厌倦了为别人工作时，我就开始了在商业中培养韧性的故事。我想自己创业，所以作为一名音乐家，我想出了帮助其他音乐家创业的想法。)”可知，作者以前是给别人工作，想自己创业，有了帮助其他音乐家创业的想法，由此可知，作者改变了职业道路。故选C项。
38. 细节理解题。根据第四段“As a musician, I decided to create a music and film project called X: The Human Condition. It was my message in a bottle—you are not alone. I wanted to inspire people who felt disconnected, alienated, different.(作为一名音乐家，我决定创作一个名为《X：人类状况》的音乐和电影项目。那是我装在瓶子里的信息——你并不孤单。我想激励那些感到被孤立、被疏远、与众不同的人。)”可知，作者决定创作一个音乐和电影项目，想激励那些感到被孤立、被疏远以及与众不同的人，由此可知，作者创立该项目是为了鼓励那些处于逆境中的人。故选D项
39. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“I had to fund it myself because out of all the people I approached in the entertainment industry, they all said it would be impossible and nobody wanted to invest.(我必须自己投资2024年高考英语二轮复习专题-阅读理解夹叙夹议
一、（2014-2023）高考已考过的词形转换6组79例
Group1 形容词→副词
1. rare罕有的，很少的→______罕有，很少(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
2. basic基本的→____________基本上，大体上(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. original起初的，原先的→____________起初，原来(2023·浙江1月)
4. eventual最后的→__________最后(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
5. accidental偶然的→__________偶然地(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
6. rough粗略的→____________大约(2022·浙江1月)
7. undoubted无疑的→________毋庸置疑地(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
8. sharp急剧的→____________急剧地(2021·浙江1月)
9. extreme极度的→__________极端地；极度地(2020·全国Ⅰ)
10. certain确定的→__________当然(2020·全国Ⅱ)
11. gentle平缓的→____________平缓地(2020·全国Ⅲ)
12. particular特别的→________尤其(2020·浙江1月)
13. poor不佳的→____________糟糕地(2019·全国Ⅰ)
14. final最终的→____________终于，最终(2019·全国Ⅱ)
15. huge巨大的→____________极其(2019·全国Ⅲ)
16. easy容易的→____________容易地(2019·浙江)
17. actual真实的→____________事实上(2018·全国Ⅱ)
18. recent近来的→____________近来(2018·浙江11月)
19. fair相当的→____________相当地(2017·全国Ⅱ)
20. real真正的→____________真实地(2017·浙江11月)
21. official正式的→__________正式地(2016·全国Ⅰ)
22. possible可能的→__________可能地(2013·广东)
Group2 名词→形容词
1. difference差异，不同→______不同的(2023·全国甲)
2. taste味道，滋味→__________美味的(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
3. confidence自信，信心→______自信的(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
4. space空间，空地→__________宽敞的(2023·浙江1月)
5. meaning意义→____________有意义的(2022·全国甲)
6. day一天→____________每天的(2021·全国甲)
7. finance财政，金融→________财政的，金融的(2021·全国乙)
8. beauty美丽→____________美丽的(2020·全国Ⅱ)
9. wealth财富→____________富有的(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
10. luck运气→____________幸运的(2020·北京)
11. wonder惊奇→____________精彩的(2019·全国Ⅱ)
12. tradition传统→____________传统的(2019·全国Ⅲ/浙江)
13. energy精力，能量→________精力充沛的(2018·全国Ⅰ)
14. globe地球→____________全球的(2018·全国Ⅱ)
15. effect效应→____________有效的(2017·浙江11月)
16. nature自然→____________自然的(2015·全国Ⅱ)
17. sunburn晒伤→____________晒黑的(2014·广东)
18. patience耐心→____________有耐心的(2014·全国Ⅰ)
19. reason理由→____________合理的(2013·广东)
Group3 动词→名词
1. warn提醒，警告，告诫→______警示，提醒，告诫(2023·全国甲)
2. arrive到达，抵达→__________到达，抵达(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. protect保护→____________保护(2022·全国甲)
4. invite邀请→____________邀请(2022·浙江1月)
5. develop发展→____________发展(2021·全国乙)
6. celebrate庆祝→____________庆典；庆祝(2020·全国Ⅱ)
7. believe相信→____________信心，信任(2019·全国Ⅰ)
8. compete参加比赛→________比赛(2019·全国Ⅲ)
9. connect与……有联系→ 关系；连接(2019·浙江)
10. pollute污染→____________污染(2018·全国Ⅱ)
11. weigh有……重→__________重量(2018·浙江)
12. introduce引进；介绍→______采用；介绍(2017·全国Ⅱ)
13. educate教育→____________教育(2017·全国Ⅲ)
14. attract吸引→____________有吸引力的人或事物(2016·全国Ⅰ)
15. achieve完成→____________成就(2016·全国Ⅱ)
16. perform表演→____________表现(2016·浙江10月)
17. choose选择→____________选择(2009·广东)
Group4 动词→形容词
1. remark谈论，说起；注意到→____________引人注目的，非凡的(2023·全国乙)
2. visit参观，游览→__________来访的(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. sleep睡觉→____________睡着的(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
4. educate教育→____________受过良好教育的(2021·全国乙)
5. astonish使惊讶→__________感到惊讶的(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
6. ache疼痛→____________疼痛的(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
7. afford买得起→____________支付得起的(2018·浙江)
8. shine发光，照耀→__________有光泽的(2017·浙江)
9. care关心→____________关心他人的(2016·四川)
10. surprise使惊奇→__________感到惊奇的(2016·浙江10月)
11. amaze使惊奇→____________令人大为惊奇的(2014·全国Ⅰ)
12. disappoint使失望→________感到失望的(2014·全国Ⅱ)
13. please使高兴→____________感到高兴的(2012·广东)
Group5 形容词→名词
1. responsible负责的→________责任(2022·全国乙)
2. interesting有趣的→________吸引力，趣味；兴趣(2020·全国Ⅰ)
3. curious好奇的→____________好奇心(2020·全国Ⅲ)
4. accurate精确的→__________准确(性)(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
5. able有能力的→____________能力(2015·全国Ⅱ)
Group6 其他
1. strength力气→____________加强(2018·全国Ⅰ)
2. science科学→____________科学家(2018·全国Ⅲ)
3. surprise使惊奇→__________惊人地(2014·广东)
二、高考阅读理解完形填空熟词新意25词37例
1.address (熟义:v.写地址 n.地址)
Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand is being addressed. (v.设法解决;处理)
2.advance(熟义:v.& n.前进,推进)
The new assistant asked for an advance on her salary. (n.预付款)
3.against (熟义:prep.反对;逆着;依靠;与……竞争)
The painting looks nice against the white wall. (prep.以……为背景;映衬)
4.age (熟义:n.年龄)
Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. (v.变老)
5.announce(熟义:v.宣布)
Warm sunshine announces the approaching of the spring. (v.预示着)
6.balance(熟义:v.& n.平衡)
Make sure that you go and check your bank balance. (n.差额;余款)
The school aims to balance the time spent on arts and science subjects. (v.权衡)
7.bar(熟义:n.棒,条;酒吧)
Poor health may be a bar to success in life. (n.障碍)
8.back(熟义:adv.& n.后面)
If you back your car out of the driveway, I can get mine in. (v.使倒退)
Many of his friends backed his plan of creating another platform. (v.支持)
9.blue(熟义:adj.蓝色的 n.蓝色)
Your elder sister appeared blue when she failed in her experiment last time. (adj.忧伤的)
10.build(熟义:v.建设)
My personal bodyguard has a solid build. (n.身材;体形)
11.badly(熟义:adv.坏地,恶劣地)
Both sides want to win the coming final so badly. (adv.很,非常)
12.cause(熟义:v.致使)
These young graduates are working for a great cause and I am proud of them. (n.事业)
13.chance(熟义:n.机会)
I’m not sure of my success, but let me take a chance. (n.冒险)
I chanced to see the famous scientist last Sunday. (v.碰巧)
14.count(熟义:n.& v.计算,数)
There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers. (v.包括)
It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (v.有价值;重要)
15.cover(熟义:v.覆盖)
The tourists had covered 20 miles before dark. (v.走完一段路)
How many pages have you covered (v.看完多少页书)
Yesterday’s discussion covered a lot of topics. (v.涉及)
These doctors’ stories were covered in China Daily. (v.报道)
The money will cover all your expenses in the university. (v.够付)
16.cross(熟义:v.跨越,横穿 n.十字)
Don’t be cross with him. After all, he meant to help. (adj.生气的)
17.cut(熟义:v.割)
Buyers will try hard to cut the cost of the house they want. (v.削减)
18.develop(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)
Did you have the films developed (v.冲洗胶卷)
After developing a strange disease, he developed an interest in medicine. (v.患病;逐渐形成)
19.digest(熟义:v.消化 n.文摘)
I struggle to digest the news in today’s newspaper. (v.理解,领悟)
20.do (熟义:v.做)
The shoes won’t do for mountain climbing. (v.行,适合)
What makes us relaxed is that everything is doing well. (v.进展)
21.down(熟义:adv.向下,在下面)
I have been down ever since I heard the news. (adj.情绪低落的)
22.employ(熟义:v.雇用)
The police employed force to open the door. (v.利用,使用)
She was employed in preparing for the sports meet. (v.忙于)
23.escape(熟义:v.逃跑;逃脱)
His name escapes me for the moment. (v.被忘掉;被忽视)
24.even(熟义:adv.甚至)
The room should be kept at an even temperature. (adj.均匀的,稳定的)
The woman singer smiled, showing her small even teeth. (adj.整齐的)
“I think you are mistaken,” my mother said in an even tone. (adj.平静的;平和的)
25.express(熟义:v.表达)
Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai (n.快车)
I’ll express the sea food to my parents. (v.快递)
三、读后续写句首介词短语运用高考真题例句12例
1. (2024浙江首考卷)健身房旁边是一家自助餐厅，提供各种各样的食物和饮料。
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2. (2024浙江首考卷)在广阔的学校里，一个定向能力差的女孩很难导航，经常迷路。
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3. (2024浙江首考卷)她没有被建筑的规模和复杂性所淹没，而是专注于导航到这些关键位置。
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4. (2024浙江首考卷)从那时起，伊娃期待着体育课，并挑战自己每次都跑得更快、更长。
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5. (2024浙江首考卷)带着这种新发现的决心，她开始以不同的心态对待自己的高中经历。
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6. (2024浙江首考卷)她不会被它的大小和复杂性所淹没，而是会把它分解成更小、更易于管理的部分。
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7. (2024浙江首考卷)每次成功的导航，伊娃的信心都在增强，她在探索学校的不同楼层和侧翼时也变得更加自如。
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8. (2023浙江首考卷)蜂鸟不时地出现在我的脑海中。
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9. (2023浙江首考卷)有一瞬间，我好像忘记了蜂鸟。
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10. (2023浙江首考卷)看到这个声音和感激的生物，我不禁感到如释重负和敬畏。
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11. (2023浙江首考卷)到达后，我走近挤奶房，注意到破碎的窗户已经完全修好了
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12. (2023浙江首考卷)过了一会儿，她发出一声吱吱叫，好像在向我告别，然后飞向远方。
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四、阅读理解夹叙夹议类对点训练10篇
【考点类型1】细节理解题
【名师点津】1.“原文-题干-选项”三对照标记
2.重视最佳答案与同义替换想象
3.用排除法，排除无中生有选项
（23-24高三下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）A few months ago, I became attracted by a podcast (播客) series but I hesitate to recommend it to you. Every day on the way to and from work, Root of Evil filled my car with the voices of two sisters, Rasha and Yvette, as they uncovered four generations of terrifying secrets within their clan(宗族), the Hodels.
I’ll spare you the details here. But I won’t hold back on my own secret: I can’t get enough of well-told stories about unfathomable (深不可测的) evil like this.
I was absorbed when my class turned to the first Biblical murder of Abel by Cain. In college, I devoted my senior essay to In Cold Blood, Truman Capote’s attempt to make sense of the random murder of the Clutter family in their home on the Kansas plains. Perhaps my favorite film character is FBI trainee Clarice Starling in The Silence of the Lambs, the very woman who hunts for one serial murderer with clues offered by another.
I may be defending myself, but I believe I am interested in these kinds of stories for a legal reason: They concern the search for the hardest truths imaginable. What kept me listening to the Hodel story, for instance, wasn’t just uncommon fascination. It was admiration. The voices of the family members taking into account the horrors caused by their loved ones carried a strong honesty that can’t be faked.
If you, too, are drawn to stories of ordinary people experiencing the worst their fellow humans have to offer and somehow coming out stronger, I do unhesitatingly recommend one recent source. As I read the 41 tales in our new True Crime collection, I felt each bringing me closer not only to crime fighters, survivors, and witnesses, but to humanity. The books are available at shop and I think you’ll find them thrilling reading.
1. Why did the writer hesitate to recommend the podcast series
A. They are full of secrets. B. They have something untrue.
C. They are a little evil. D. They are difficult to understand.
2. Why is The Silence of the Lambs mentioned in Para 3
A. To show it is the writer’s favorite film.
B. To prove the writer can’t get enough of such well-told stories.
C. To inform readers of the main character attractive to the writer.
D. To express that the film brought the writer closer to humanity.
3. What is the reasonable ground for the writer interested in these kinds of stories
A. The search for truths. B. Uncommon fascination.
C. A strong honesty. D. The class of his college.
4. What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage
A. To share his opinion of reading. B. To recommend a kind of books.
C. To explore the truths behind evil. D. To tell some stories of his life.
（2024·广东汕头·一模）Here we are, wrapping up 2023 in a red bow like one of the holiday presents in a TV commercial. It was a year full of poetic discoveries for our editorial team and especially for me. I encountered so many new-to-me poets. Diana Solís from the December 2022 issue and Joyce Mansour from the June 2023 issue are examples of this: poets with whom I was unfamiliar and who have now become part of my daily conversation. Living in Chicago, I might have encountered Diana Solís some other way. She is an icon of revolutionary poetry and photography. What a gift to learn, to be enthusiastic about new poetics like I’m still in the front row of the classroom, trying to do my best.
Two truths I’ve learned about Chicago since moving here: Chicago is a city that holds things close and doesn’t need to show off about its riches. And there are riches everywhere —great music all over the place, the best pizza, an embarrassment of architectures, and, of course, poetry on every corner. Nelson Algren said every great writer must spend time in Chicago.
The final version of 2023 is from a distinguished Chicagoan, the poet and journalist Frank Marshall Davis. When I read his work for the first time, I was struck by the truth of the poems, his clear-eyed critique(批评). He was a truth teller when no one wanted to listen. This issue also includes poems of another Chicago great, Li-Young Lee. His poems taught me how to think about romance as an engine for a poem. Multiple generations of poets have been using the man’s gestures in their love poems, often without realizing it, because even their teachers were borrowing from Li-Young Lee too.
So maybe that is why this issue has me in my holiday feels. Poems can be for the poet and the community concurrently, an offering of the self that indicates the care of the giver.
5. What is the occupation of the author
A. A magazine editor. B. A news reporter.
C. A blog writer. D. A Chicagoan poet.
6. What does the author think of the year 2023
A. Everything was new in this year. B. It was a year of poetry revolutionary.
C. New poets led the way in this year. D. It was a year of discovery and learning.
7. What impresses the author most about Chicago
A. The great art everywhere. B. Its multicultural atmosphere.
C. The economic development. D. Its hidden music and poems.
8. Why does the author mention poets Frank Marshall Davis and Li-Young Lee
A. To set examples for young poets.
B. To show the great impact of poems.
C. To promote their unique writing technique.
D. To emphasize the importance of poetry reading.
【考点类型2】态度推断题
【名师点津】1.“原文-题干-选项”三对照标记；
2.重视原文相关词句动词、形容词褒贬性；
3.用排除法，从逻辑和褒贬性角度考虑。
（2024·安徽蚌埠·三模）Were it not for my mask’s rubber covering over my nose, no doubt his warm, fishy breath would have made the experience complete, as an adult male Atlantic grey seal (海豹) inspected me to the waters that bathe Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly. This was a close and magical swimming-with-seals encounter filmed for BBC Two’s Springwatch four years ago.
My job is to get people to love and connect with nature, but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted. Is it possible that we get a little too close, and love nature a little too much Certainly, for anyone working in wildlife media and tourism, the reality is that habitats and many species often can’t handle longtime close contact with humans.
Marine mammals they may be, but seals must regularly return to dry land, hauling (牵引) themselves out of the water to rest, digest, and reproduce. Haul-out sites are typically inaccessible beaches or rocky tiny islands after the tide falls away. These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed, particularly by walkers, dogs and boats full of wildlife tourists. When frightened, seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or, worse still, hard rocks, risking broken jaws or bones.
In Scotland in February 2021, a ban came into force that stopped the fisheries industry from shooting seals. Prior to this, seals in Scotland could be shot under licence. Seal groups and charities are revising their policies to no longer encourage people to seek out encounters with seals either in or out of the water, especially during the winter months when the grey seal pupping (产崽) season is in full swing.
No matter how much we love seals, remember they are terrified of us, so we really need to enjoy them from a distance. But that is not to say there can’t be a connection. Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters. The marine mammals have much to deal with, including climate change, and we have a lot to learn from these envoys (使者) from the sea.
9. Why did the author film swimming-with-seals encounter four years ago
A. To get people close to nature. B. To inspect an Atlantic grey seal.
C. To challenge himself in the waters. D. To promote BBC Two’s TV programme.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the swimming-with-seals experience
A. Contradictory. B. Tolerant. C. Uncertain. D. Supportive.
11. What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 3
A. To define the haul-out sites of seals. B. To introduce the living habit of seals.
C. To prove humans’ disturbance to seals. D. To present the safety problem facing seals.
12. What does the author suggest doing
A. Stopping shooting seals completely.
B. Leaving seals alone especially in winter.
C. Reducing the influence of climate change on seals.
D. Connecting with seals indirectly by protecting them.
【考点类型3】标题概括题
【名师点津】1.狠抓两头，抓关键词，尤其名词短语
2.突出三性：概括性，简洁性和新颖性
3.用排除法，排除范围过大或过于具体
（23-24高三下·陕西延安·阶段练习）“Look at the results. What should our alpha level be to correct for multiple comparisons ” I stared at the statistics problem on the whiteboard and saw a lot of symbols and numbers but nothing that looked remotely like an “a”, let alone an “alpha”. All around me, pencils scratched out calculations as my classmates got to work. I pretended to start my own calculations as my heart beat soundly and my face turned hot.
“If I don’t know the answer to this question,” I thought, “I don’t belong in this class.”
It turns out I’m not alone. In a study of over 1,000 high school students recruited by Character Lab Research Network, about 40% said they regularly hesitated to admit when they didn’t know something in class. The struggles were especially strong among girls and were most common in math.
Why We tend to believe that you can’t be good at math unless you’ re really smart. The more we think we need to be “brilliant” to succeed, the harder it is to reveal what we don’t know to others. But if students don’t feel comfortable voicing their questions in school, they will miss opportunities to learn from peers and teachers — the very opportunities that can make them brilliant.
To help teens overcome this resistance, you can change their feelings by sharing times you have felt reluctant to ask — like my story about statistics class.
I filled the blanks with puzzling statistics with a little help from my classmate Liz. Still in a panic, I glanced up from my paper and saw a hand shoot into the air. “What do you mean by alpha level ” Liz asked.
“Good question,” the teacher said. Now the learning could begin.
Don’t hide what you don’t know. The more you conceal your questions, the scarier it becomes to ask for help. Be brave and share your questions with the world.
13. Why does the author mention his statistics class in the first paragraph
A. To illustrate the importance of fame. B. To complain about the boring class.
C. To lead in the topic of the study. D. To draw the interest of the readers.
14. What can we infer from the study
A. Only talented students are able to do well in math.
B. Most senior students aren’t interested in math lesson.
C. The elder students would become more inactive in class.
D. The more questions you ask, the cleverer you will become.
15. What did the teacher do to help the students in the statistics class
A. He changed the question into a simple one.
B. He shared his experience with the students.
C. He built students’ courage to ask questions.
D. He ignored the students’ indifference in class.
16. What is the best title of the text
A. Nothing is to hide B. Everything is possible
C. Everyone is a talent D. All will be answered for
【考点类型4】猜词词义题
【名师点津】1.代入法：把四个选项代入原文看哪个逻辑通顺
2.排除法：依据原文逻辑和褒贬性进行推断筛选
（23-24高三上·湖北·阶段练习）The summer holidays have just begun, but it is a busy morning at Cadoxton Primary School, in Barry, an industrial town in Wales. It runs a summer programme for hard-up (拮据的) children, providing meals and activities over the holidays with the aim of helping kids to spend the time more meaningfully. As young people run laughing and screaming into the school cafeteria for breakfast, their parents hung out, some visibly relieved. Just three days into the six-week school holidays one mother says her nine-year-old daughter has already asked five times to go bowling. “Without the school’s help,” she says, “it would be a long and expensive six weeks.”
In the popular imagination, school summer holidays conjure up (使……呈现于脑际) a picture of carefree youthful exploration. But many parents rely on the term-time services that schools give their kids, such as tutors and meals. If the holidays approach, they can suddenly find their schedules and budgets stretched. Researchers also say that the long break often sets back children’s learning, and that children from poorer backgrounds are desperately affected due to their shortage of money.
Many poor children fall behind their wealthier peers over the holidays. “Summer is the most unequal time of the year,” says Matthew Boulay of the National Summer Learning Association. “Well-off parents can fill the gap left by school and consolidate (使巩固) their children’s unfamiliar knowledge well, keeping their children stimulated with summer camps, trips abroad or private tutors. Poorer families, apparently, find this harder, since their income is relatively low and demand for sponsored activities offered by governments,” he adds.
Holidays can be a financial stress, which is absolutely true. In countries where some children receive free school meals, summer means bigger grocery bills for hard-up families. Households where both parents work have to pay for extra childcare, too. The Family and Childcare Trust, a charity, says that in Britain, where childcare costs are the highest in the OECD, a club of mostly rich countries. Parents will spend an average of 33 per child per week on childcare this summer, mainly because of the sharp shortage of governmental funding sponsor.
17. What is the purpose of the summer programme
A. To lengthen students’ school life. B. To keep students busy all the time.
C. To provide students with free meals. D. To enrich students’ summer holidays.
18. What does the underlined word “stretched” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Rich. B. Tight. C. Reasonable. D. Affordable.
19. Which statement does Matthew Boulay probably agree with
A. Badly-off parents are likely to give up sponsoring their kids.
B. Well-off parents are unwilling to offer their kids extra tutors.
C. Students from poor family can well deal with the peer pressure.
D. Students from rich family can strengthen their learned knowledge.
20. Why must British parents pay for the childcare in summer holiday
A. Because of insufficiency of free tutors. B. Because of shortage of social sponsor.
C. Because of shortage of free school meals. D. Because of lack of governmental support.
（23-24高三下·四川成都·开学考试）It’s said that you can tell a lot about a person by looking at what’s on their bookshelves. What do my bookshelves say about me Well, I’d always thought of myself as a cultured person, but my bookshelves told a rather different story.
So, in October 2011, I registered my blog, , and posted a short appeal online. I explained how narrow my reading had been and asked anyone who cared to suggest what I read from other parts of the planet. I had no idea whether anyone would be interested, but within a few hours, people started to get in touch.
Books came from surprising sources. My Panamanian read, for example, came through a conversation I had with the Panama Canal on Twitter, which advised I try the work of the Panamanian author Juan David Morgan. I found Morgan’s website and sent him a message, asking if any of his Spanish-language novels had been translated into English. And he said nothing had been published, but he did have an unpublished translation of his novel “The Golden Horse”, and he emailed it to me.
Morgan was by no means the only wordsmith to share his work with me in this way. From Sweden to Palau, writers and translators sent me self-published books and unpublished manuscripts (手稿) of books that hadn’t been picked up by Anglophone publishers or that were no longer available, giving me privileged glimpses (初步的感受) of some remarkable imaginary worlds.
The books I read that year have opened my eyes to many things. That can be an uncomfortable experience, particularly when I’m reading a book from a culture that may have quite different values to my own. But it can also be really enlightening. Wrestling with unfamiliar ideas can help clarify my own thinking and show up blind spots in the way I might have been looking at the world.
When I looked back at much of the English-language literature I’d grown up with, I began to see how narrow a lot of it was, compared to the richness that the world has to offer. Little by little, that long list of countries that I’d started the year with changed from a rather dry, academic register of place names into living, breathing entities.
21. Why did the author create the blog “A Year of Reading the World”
A. To learn from others’ bookshelves.
B. To broaden her cultural horizons.
C. To get recommendations from readers.
D. To find out the literary works she lacked.
22. What did the author think of the responses from writers and translators
A. They presented a challenge to the author.
B. They blocked the author’s reading journey.
C. They offered unique access to literary worlds.
D. They inspired confidence in the author’s project.
23. How does reading diverse cultural books benefit the author
A. Provide her with unfamiliar topics.
B. Make her absorbed in other cultures.
C. Show fields she needs to learn more about.
D. Reveal areas she lacks insight in her worldview.
24. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Exploring the Global Literary Landscape
B. The Challenge of Reading the World
C. Uncovering Stories from Every Country
D. The Impact of Culture on the Worldview
（23-24高三上·山西太原·期末）Taking an end-of-season break sounds simple, right You may think a carefree week spent on a beach is what’s most desired. But actually most athletes would spend hours trying to convince their coaches that they really don't need to rest at all, subsequently filling up all of their given time with as many replacement activities as possible.
This year I was given a week’s holiday by my coach to enjoy absolute relaxation. For the first three days I remained happily wrapped up in the satisfaction of my last race result, embracing pajama days, taking all morning just to have breakfast and using my spare time to socialize more than I usually do. I was enjoying it, and yet···All this resting made me feel restless. Then came Thursday. I laced up my shoes and headed back to the track.
The simple part of resting is the physical act of it, but given that I usually train with focus and tension, learning to check out mentally doesn’t always come naturally after a season, especially when I’m on holiday. After a season with good results, some well-meaning people excitedly ask “What's next ” It can wander in my mind and raise doubt over what I should be doing according to other people’s opinions.
In this case I talked to some experienced athletes and raised my concern, one of whom suggested establishing a general outline of the next season’s goals prior to holidays. I find it helpful, not only preventing me from feeling rushed to get back into workouts too soon and giving a sense of purpose to the rest itself, but also ensuring that I will not spend my break making plans but allow my mind to rest too.
We all fear losing the fitness and the achievements that we worked so hard to gain, but in reality, taking the appropriate rest and knowing how to take it is a help. Here’s hoping that I’ll get the balance next year. But if I didn’t, at least I would enjoy myself.
25. What do most athletes do during a holiday after a season
A. Negotiate with coaches. B. Do alternative workouts.
C. Enjoy absolute relaxation. D. Travel to a seaside destination.
26. What can we infer about the author’s holiday from paragraph 2
A. It was carefully arranged. B. It followed the coach’s plan.
C. It was ended ahead of schedule. D. It was interrupted by unexpected tasks.
27. What is the author’s real need during the break time
A. Mind rest. B. Physical recovery.
C. Time management. D. Professional guidance.
28. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Secrets to Winning on Tracks B. Plans for Next Season’s Training
C. End-of-season Break: A New Beginning D. From Legs to Brain: True Relaxation for Athletes
（23-24高三上·江苏淮安·期中）“Are you all right ” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph.D. program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.” It set me thinking a lot.
As a first-year Ph.D. student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of, I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my cohort.
I noticed that most of the people around me seemed to be working all the time. I began to spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab. But my strategy didn’t work. I crashed from burnout. The tiredness took a toll on my productivity and motivation. During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect — and it wasn’t sustainable.
From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Eventually, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about.
I noticed that having more time for myself made me more rested and motivated when I went back to work. I continued quietly along this path for years, until that conversation in the hallway. So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph.D. , I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine.
29. What can we learn about the student
A. He spent much time in lab work. B. He had finished the Ph.D. program.
C. He was concerned about the author. D. He was putting in extra hours at night.
30. How does the author feel about his work at first
A. Anxious. B. Ambitious. C. Dissatisfied. D. Enthusiastic.
31. Which can replace the underlined phrase “took a toll on” in Para. 3
A. Added fuel to. B. Had a negative impact on.
C. Cast new light on. D. Depended too much on.
32. What does the author intend to tell us
A. A healthy work-life balance counts.
B. A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.
C. Fitting in doesn’t mean working overtime.
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
（23-24高三上·湖南·阶段练习）When I was 15 or 16 years old, I used to enjoy staring out of my bedroom window at night, at the sky and other houses. After a few minutes of focused attention, I would always reach a point where my vision shifted. The clouds would suddenly look different, stranger and more real. They weren’t “clouds” anymore, but different magical animal shapes that moved through space. The houses weren’t “houses” anymore-they were strange geometric structures made up of jigsaw (拼图) patterns of bricks.
It’s difficult to describe the shift in my vision, but it always felt exciting, as if I was seeing through to the heart of things, beneath a layer of familiarity.
In most situations, our perception is automatic. We see the familiar world, surrounded by objects and phenomena that we perceived thousands of times before and don’t pay real attention to. In addition, we perceive the world through filters (过滤器) of concepts. We have a conceptual label (or name) for everything we see. We label floating shapes in the sky as clouds; we label a masive variety of natural forms with spreading roots and branches as trees. Through filters of familiarity and concepts, our perception of the world is like a faded black-and-white image compared to a three-dimensional colour image.
This is why it always makes sense to side-step our normal familiar perception and perceive the world with fresh vision, free of concepts and expectations, looking at objects as if they had never been seen before, or as if they were other things.
We can see this in great artists. They go beyond familiarity and find a new way of seeing things. Familiar everyday objects like fruit and flowers and bottles are filled with freshness and beauty in the great still-life paintings of artists like Cezanne or Matisse. To look at paintings by Vincent van Gogh, such as Sunflowers, Irises or Van Gogh’s Chair, makes you feel as if an extra dimension of reality has been revealed.
And of course, this is the reason why we love to go to art galleries to see such paintings. To look at them is like going on vacation to a strange foreign country, a reminder of the raw beauty and wonder of the world, hidden beneath our normal automatic vision.
33. How did the author look out of the bedroom window
A. With full attention. B. In a normal way.
C. In astonishment. D. With great care.
34. What does the author really mean by saying “our perception is automatic” in paragraph 3
A. We perceive the world all the time. B. We tend to look at things without thinking.
C. We have the ability to perceive the world. D. We are familiar with the world around us.
35. Why are great artists mentioned in the text
A. To introduce new ways to create art. B. To show how real beauty is created.
C. To support what the author advocates. D. To argue for what the author did as a teenager.
36. What can be the best title for the text
A. Creating a New World through Art B. Looking at the World with New Eyes
C. Appreciating the Beauty of Every Day D. Experiencing Life in Unfamiliar Environments
（23-24高三上·广东广州·阶段练习）These days, seemingly everyone is creating their own business. People are talking about entrepreneurship as if once you start your own business, everything will flow smoothly for the rest of your life. Unfortunately, this is rarely the case.
My story of building resilience (承受力) in business began when I was an employee years ago, tired of working for someone else. I wanted to start my own business, so as a musician myself, I came up with the concept of helping other musicians with their business.
It was not an easy time. I had to count pennies to feed myself. But slowly, through word-of-mouth spread, not only among musician, but small businesses as well, I was developing a client base. After years of hard work, eventually my company now serves Fortune 500 companies.
As a musician, I decided to create a music and film project called X: The Human Condition. It was my message in a bottle—you are not alone. I wanted to inspire people who felt disconnected, alienated, different.
I had to fund it myself because out of all the people I approached in the entertainment industry, they all said it would be impossible and nobody wanted to invest. But I was determined to prove them wrong. Over 12 years, I struggled to get the project off the ground. I almost went broke and became so ill that I nearly lost my vision permanently. I overcame every obstacle that was put in front of me, and after 12 years we were able to release the project successfully. The experiences with adversity led me to create the website, Rise Up Again.org, a community of people from all over the world overcoming difficulties and sharing their stories to inspire others.
When it comes to entrepreneurship, expect the unexpected. Regardless, be aware that there is no shortcut to building resilience. Mastering adversity is one that must be learned through trial and error. But the important thing to note is that when you do go through adversity, never think of it as your enemy, think of it as your ally.
37. What can we learn about the author
A. He was a successful musician. B. He longed to be a boss.
C. He changed his career path. D. His business ran smoothly.
38. Why did the author start the project X: The Human Condition
A. To send a message in a bottle. B. To fund the homeless people.
C. To promote musical films. D. To encourage those in adversity.
39. What is the biggest challenge for the author to start his business
A. Health problem. B. Financial difficulty.
C. Lack of experience. D. Community objection.
40. What would the author say to new businessmen
A. Try to make some errors. B. Get used to your expectation.
C. There is no shortcut to success. D. Difficulties can make you tougher.
