Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件(共16张PPT) 牛津译林版英语八年级下册

(共16张PPT)
Passive voice 被动语态
Bella
Unit 7
International
Charities
Do you remember these sentences
80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured.
The plane is also used as a training centre.
Local doctors and nurses are invited on borad to learn about eye operations.
150 patients were operated on.
Now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured.
More money is needed to carry on with our work.
be + past participle 表示被动
主动句：We support ORBIS all the time.
被动句：ORBIS is supported by us all the time.
主动语态 被动语态
谓语 →
宾语 →
主语 →
其他 →
主语
be+done
by +主语
抄下来
Passive voice in simple present tense
We hold a charity activity to raise money.
Volunteers sell books and stationery to others.
We teach people to support charities.
People don't refuse me.
A charity activity ________________ to raise money.
Books and stationery ________________ to others by volunteers.
People ________________ to support charities by us.
is held
be + past participle 表示被动
are sold
are taught
I ________________ by people.
am not refused
Tip1: be 动词随主语有数量和时态的变化
在一般现在时中：be + p.p.变为 am, is ,are (not) + p.p.
在一般过去时中：
Tip2: 用介词by引出逻辑主语(被谁做的)
Have a try
Use the correct form of the words to fill the blanks.
1. Books ____________(donate) to children in poor areas.
2. The boy ____________(call) Jack.
3. Operations _____________(do) on patients.
4. Water _____________(drink) up by me.
5. Most of my mistakes can ___________(avoid) in the exam.
are donated
is called
are done
is drunk
be avoided
Tip3: 情态动词后 + be动词原形 + P.P.
远处有许多山不能被看清楚。
Many mountains far away ________________ clearly.
can't be seen
Tip3: 情态动词后 + be动词原形 + P.P.(如有否定加在情态动词后)
Passive voice in simple past tense
Last year, our school held a fantastic sports meeting.
The meeting included many events.
We supported our athletes .
Finally, our class achieved one gold.
A fantastic sports meeting ________in our school last year.
Many events ________________ in the meeting.
Our athletes ________________ by us.
was held
be + past participle 表示被动
were included
were supported
Finally, a gold ________________ by our class.
was achieved
Tip1: be 动词随主语有数量和时态的变化
在一般现在时中：be + p.p.变为 am, is ,are (not) + p.p.
在一般过去时中：be + p.p.变为 was, were (not) + p.p.
Have a try
Use the correct form of the words to fill the blanks.
1. Millions of masks ___________(send) to support Wuhan the other day.
2. My work ____________(done) at the end of yesterday.
3. Trees and flowers _____________(plant) three days ago.
4. The journey _____________(plan) by all of us the day before yesterday.
5. Ten thousand dollars ___________(raise) from the society last month.
6. The rest of the work could _____________(complete) this morning.
were sent
was done
were planted
was planned
was raised
Tip3: 情态动词后 + be动词原形 + P.P.(过去时态也适用)
be completed
在一个有雾的早晨，街上的许多人不能被看清。
On a foggy morning, many people in the steet _____________________.
couldn't be seen clearly
Tip4: 句子顺序：后置定语紧跟被修饰名词；状语扔在最边上
Finish Part A on P99-100
1. Charity activities __________________________________________.
2. Leaflets __________________________________________________.
3. Toys and CDs _____________________________________________.
What they do every year
are planned to help the poor
are handed out to people in the street by volunteers
are sold to raise money
Finish Part A on P99-100
1. New books ___________________________________________________.
2. Warm clothes _________________________________________________.
3. A charity show ________________________________________________.
What they did last week
were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students.
were collected for poor people
was held by the Students' Union
Have a try
Finish Part B
on P100
Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really Please tell me about it.
Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.
Daniel: That’s good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education.
Amy: Yes. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year.
was set up
was opened
are sold
is used
is called
was started
were given
are built
Have a try
1. Two bottles of milk ______________(send) to us by the milkman everyday.
2. Pets should ________________(look) after well by their owners.
3. Last night, an elderly lady ________________(save) from a big fire.
4. Two hours ________________(spent) on my homework this morning.
5. English __________________(speak) widely around the world.
6. The story __________________(translate) into more than forty languages and became popular among teenagers.
7. The cat can't __________________(catch) by anyone here.
8. The meeting ___________________(take) place at 5 p.m. last Friday.
are sent
be looked
was saved
was spent
is spoken
was translated
be caught
took
Further thinking
The meeting was taken place in the hall last Tuesday.
Is it correct or not Give your reasons.
Not all the verbs can be changed into passive voice.
The meeting was held in the hall last Tuesday.
The meeting took place in the hall last Tuesday.
Passive voice will not be used in these situations.
1.纯不及物动词：最常见 die, rise 不用于被动语态！
2.系动词：feel, smell, sound, look, taste, turn ...
3.存在发生类：have, happen, take place, begin, end, arrive, cost, fit, ...
operate vi.
sb be operated on
不及物动词搭配介词不可丢
4.read, write, sell, wash, wear等动词与well, easily, smoothly等连用时，表示主语的状态，此时用主动表示被动
This book sells well.
The clothes washes easily.
5. sth. be adj. to do sth
think /feel / find/ sth. adj. to do sth. 此时形容词表示难易、利弊
The problem is easy to answer.
I find the task difficult to finish.
Passive voice will not be used in these situations.
6. need, want, require(需要) + 1. to be done
2. doing (主动表被动)
The flowers need to be watered/The flowers need watering.
Tips: make sb. do sth. 必须省略to的动词不定式，在被动语态中to需要还原
I make my brother buy a can of cola.
My brother is made to buy a can of cola by me.
类似还有;let/ see/ hear/ watch sb do sth.
sb be let/ seen/ heard/ watched to do sth.
Have a try
1. The book ____________(write) by Austin in 1890.
2. Trees on both sides of the road need ____________________(water).
3. People ________ to prepare for the celebration this morning.
A. was organized B. organized
C. were to organize D. were organized
4. This shirt _______ nice. And it _______ easily too.
A. is looked; is washed B. looks; is washed
C. is looked; washes C. looks; washes
5. I find the problem is easy ___________.
A. to answer B. to be answered C. answered D. answering
was written
watering
/to be watered
6. Sandy gave me the book the other day. (改为被动语态)
I ____________________________________ the other day.
This book _____________________________the other day.
was given the book by Sandy
was given to me by Sandy
Tips: 含有接双宾语的动词的句子在改为被动语态时，有两种改法。直接宾语做主语时，省略的介词需要还原。
7. Tom showed me a drawing last month. (改为被动语态)
I ____________________________________ last month.
A drawing ____________________________ last month.
was shown a drawing by Tom
was shown to me by Tom