Unit 8 Section B 语法精讲课件（人教新目标七年级下册Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?）

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Unit 8
Is there a post office near here
语法精讲精练
Revision
Look and say
Look at the picture. There’s a school in the picture. It’s_____School Street. The book store is______ the school. The bank is ______ _______ the school. The pay phone is_______ the school and the hospital. Can you see the post office It’s_____ ______the school. There is a supermarket. It’s____ ______ __ the park.
on
behind
next to
between
in front of
across from
Presentation
Revision
Pre-grammar
Look and say.
客厅里有一张沙发。
______ ______a sofa in the sitting room.
There is
班里有4名学生。
______ _______4 students in the class.
There are
瓶子里没有水。
_______ _______any water in the bottle.
There isn’t
盘子里有一些奶酪。
______ ______some cheese on the plate.
There is
书桌上有一盏台灯，一个闹钟和一些书。
______ ______a lamp, a clock and some
books on the desk.
There is
这房子里没有电话。
______ ______a telephone in the house.
There isn’t
Is there …
Yes, there is. It’s …
根据对话，从A～D选项中，选出适当的选项补全对话。
Tony: Hi, ____________.
Linda: Yes. How can I help you
Tony: Well, _________. Is there a bank around here
Linda: Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street. It’s across from the park.
Tony: Oh … where’s Center Street
Linda: _________. I can walk with you.
Tony: Oh, ______! Thanks so much.
Linda: No problem.
It’s not too far from here
that’s great
excuse me
I’m new in town
C
D
A
B
1. 这附近有银行吗？_________________________________
2. 是的。在中心街上。
_________________________________
3. 这附近有餐馆吗？
_________________________________
4. 有, 邮局前面有一家。
_____________________________________
阅读Grammar focus部分，完成下列句子。
Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street.
Is there a bank near here
Are there any restaurants near here
Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.
5. 旅馆在哪里
____________________________________
6. 在警察局后面。_____________________________________
7. 银行在哪里
_____________________________________
8. 它紧挨着邮局。
_____________________________________
Where’s the hotel
It’s behind the police station.
Where’s the bank
It’s next to the post office.
9. 公园在哪里？
_____________________________________________
10. 它在银行对面，旅馆后面。
___________________________________________
11. 投币电话在哪儿？
___________________________________________
12. 在邮局与图书馆中间。
___________________________________________
Where’s the park
It’s across from the bank, behind the hotel.
Where are the pay phones
They’re between the post office and the library.
Grammar Focus
2.Cooperation inquiry.
Is there a bank near here Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street.
Are there any restaurants near here Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.
Where’s the hotel It’s behind the police station.
Where’s the bank It’s next to the post office.
Where’s the park It’s across from the bank, behind the hotel.
Where are the pay phones They’re between the post office and the library.
(1) 如何问路和指路？
Is/Are there …near here 这附近有……吗？
Where is/are the … ……在哪里？
问路:
指路:
It’s on ….Street. 它在……街。
It’s in front of/near/across from/ behind the…
它在……前面/附近/对面/后面。
10
Thinking:
there be 句型所表达的含义是什么？
在there be 句型中，be 动词的不同形式是否遵循什么原则？
翻译以下句子。
There is a sofa in the sitting room.
There are twenty-two boys in our class.
There is some cheese on the plate.
客厅里有一张沙发。
我们班有22名男生。
盘子里有一些奶酪。
there be结构一般用来表示什么含义？
there be结构的句子的主语是什么？
There be结构一般用来表示“某地存在某物或某人”。
be动词后面的名词即为主语
There isn’t a telephone in the house.
There isn’t any water in the bottle.
There aren’t any English books on the shelf.
含有there be结构的句子，一般什么时候用动词is，什么时候用are？
当句子的主语是单数可数名词或不可数名词时，动词用is；
句子的主语是复数名词时，动词用are。
这房子里没有电话。
瓶子里没有水。
书架上没有英文书。
There is a sofa in the sitting room.
There are twenty-two boys in our class.
There is some cheese on the plate.
翻译句子。
There is a lamp, a clock and some books on the desk.
There are some pens and a ruler on the desk.
书桌上有一盏台灯，一个闹钟和一些书。
如果there be结构的句子的主语由几个并列的名词构成时，动词用is还是are？
当句子的主语是由几个并列的名词构成时，动词be由第一个名词确定，即“就近原则”。
书桌上有几支笔，一把尺子。
e.g. *在我的铅笔盒里有两块橡皮。
______ ______ two erasers in my pencil box.
*在房子前有一棵高大的树。
______ ______ a tall tree in front of the house.
一、There be ...句型表示“某处有(存在) 某人或某物。
There is
There are
1. 肯定句：There be (is, are) +名词+地点状语
e.g. *大桥街上没有银行。
______ ______ a bank on Bridge Street.
*教室里没有篮球。
______ ______ any basketballs in the classroom.
There isn’t
There aren’t
2. 否定句结构：There isn’t / aren’t…
e.g. *这附近有餐馆吗？
______ ______ a restaurant near here
Yes, there is.
*教室里有学生吗？
______ ______ any students in the classroom
No, there aren’t.
Is there
Are there
3. 一般疑问句：Is/ Are + 主语 +…
肯定：Yes, there is/are.
否定：No, there isn’t/aren’t.
e.g. *紧挨着邮局有一个付费电话。
______ ______ a pay phone next to the post office.
*公园里很多树。
______ ______ many trees in the park.
二、There be 句型中的主谓一致原则
There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
There is
There are
1) 如果句子的主语是单数可数名词或是不可数名词, be动词用is。
2) 如果句子的主语是复数名词，be动词用are。
e.g. *在桌子上有一个桔子和几根香蕉。
_____ _____ an orange and some bananas on the table.
*在桌子上有几根香蕉和一个桔子。
______ ______ some bananas and an orange on the table.
3) 如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的主语在数上保持一致，就近原则。
There is
There are
三、There be结构与have的区别
1) have (has)句型: “某人有……” (常用人做主语)，表示所属关系
2) there be句型：“某处有某物”，表示存在关系
e.g. *桌子上有一架模型飞机。
______ ______ a model plane on the desk.
*我有一架模型飞机。
______ ______ a model plane.
I have
There is
Grammar Focus
2.Cooperation inquiry.
Is there a bank near here Yes, there is. It’s on Center Street.
Are there any restaurants near here Yes, there’s one in front of the post office.
(2) There be 句型的①含义、②用法、③结构和④与have的区别？
There be ...句型表示的是“某处/某时有(存在)某人或某物”，
其句式结构为“There be (is，are) +主语+地点状语/时间状语”。
①含义：
②用法：
a. There be结构中的be动词要和其后的名词在数上保持一致。
如果be动词后的主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词，be动词用is；
如果be动词后的主语为可数名词复数， be动词用are。
b. 如果be动词后面的主语为两个或两个以上的名词，be动词要和离它最近的那个名词在数上保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 There is/are+主语+地点状语/时间状语. There are some pens on the desk.
否定句 There isn’t/aren’t+主语+地点状语/时间状语. There aren’t any pens on the desk.
一般疑问句及答语 —Is/Are there+主语+地点状语/时间状语？ 肯定回答: Yes, there is/are. 否定回答: No, there isn’t/aren’t. —Are there any pens on the desk
—Yes, there are./No, there aren’t.
Grammar Focus
2.Cooperation inquiry.
③There be 句型的基本结构
一、根据句意，选用is或are完成下列句子。
1. There ____ a pool in the park.
2. There ____ lots of students in the dining hall.
3. There ____ some books on the desk.
4. There ____ no juice in the yellow cup.
5. There ____ a clock and some pictures on the wall.
6. There ___ four eggs and some salad in the basket.
7. There ___ some salad and four eggs in the basket.
8. There ___ some water in the glass.
实战演练
is
are
are
is
is
are
is
is
二、句型转换
1. There is a park on Center Street. （改为一般疑问句）
____ ______ a park on Center Street
2. There are some boats on the river. （改为否定句）
There ______ _____ boats on the river.
3. Is there a park near here （作否定回答）
_____, _____ _____.
4. There are two supermarkets and a park in our town.
（改为同义句）
_____ ___ a park and two supermarkets in our town.
5. Many people are in the sports hall.
_____ ____ many people in the sports hall.
Is there
aren't any
No
there isn't
There is
There are
实战演练
It’s a beautiful Sunday morning. There 1)_______ lots of people in the park. They are playing happily. A boy is playing a guitar under a tree. He is playing wonderfully. On the square, there 2)_______ many people dancing. 3)_______ there any kids in the park Yes, there are running and playing here and there. How happy they are! There 4)_____ a lake in the park. There 5)_____ lots of fish in it. But there 6)_______ (not) any people swimming in it.
are
are
Are
is
are
aren’t
Where 引导的特殊疑问句
e.g. *--Where is the hotel
--It’s behind the police station.
*--Where’s the bank
--It’s next to the post office.
1. Where 是特殊疑问词，用来询问地点，“哪里，某地”
2. 结构：Where +一般疑问句
3. “where is” 的缩写形式为“where’s”，而 “where are” 没有缩写形式
4. 答语中常包含一个指明地点的介词短语
表示地点的方位介词及介词短语有：in, on, under, between…and…, near, in front of, behind, next to, across from 等。
介词
介词一般用于名词或代词前，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系。介词后面的名词或代词称为介词宾语（若是人称代词，则要用宾格）。
介词主要用来表时间、地点、目的、原因、程度和方式等，在句中不单独做成分。
介词 图示 意 义 例 句
in
on
under
在……之内
The students are reading in the classroom.
学生们在教室里读书。
在……上面
The boat is on the river.
那条船在河上。
在…… (正)下方
The boat sailed under the bridge.
船在桥下行驶。
介词 图示 意 义 例 句
next to
between
across from
紧挨……
My best friend sits next to me in class.
上课时我最好的朋友坐在我的旁边。
在……之间(指二者)
The letter B is between A and C.
字母B在A和C之间。
在……对面
The book store is across from the post office.
书店在邮局的对面。
The old lady is in front of the bus. (在……外部的前面)
The little girl is behind the bus. (在……外部的后面)
The driver is in the front of the bus. (在……内部的前面)
1.我们的学校紧靠邮局
Our school is______ _______ the post office.
2.动物园在公园的前面
The zoo is ____ ______ ______ the park.
3.超市在餐馆的对面
The supermarket is ______ _______ the restaurant.
4.宾馆在邮局和公园之间
The hotel is ________ the post office ______the park.
next to
in front of
across from
between and
方位介词用法
2. 根据中文意思，补全英语译文。 (2022贵州贵阳中考)
有许多像大数据一样无形的“桥”连接着贵州与世界。
____________ many invisible bridges like Big Data connecting Guizhou and the world.
1. There ________ some milk and several apples in the fridge. (2022湖北恩施中考)
A. is B. are C. be
A
There are
4. 根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。
(2021湖北荆州中考)
______________ and some books on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和一些书。（be）
3. There ______ a TV set in the room. (2021广西柳州中考)
A. be B. is C. are
B
There is a pen
5. 完成句子。 (2021辽宁铁岭、葫芦岛中考)
这附近有一家电影院。
_________________________________________.
There is a cinema near here/around here.
7. 根据所给汉语提示完成句子(2021甘肃武威）
书店在超市的对面。
The book store is ______ ______ the supermarket.
across from
6. 完成句子。(2021湖南常德中考)
—I'm hungry, mum.
—There ______ some bread on the table. Remember to wash your hands.
is
8. 完成句子。(2021江苏扬州中考)
There is a low brick wall (低矮的砖墙)__________ the garden and the field beyond (远处的田野). （在……之间）
between
Test in class
语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入
一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Sonia ___1___ (live) in Sun District(地区) with her parents and sister. There ___2___ a restaurant next to her house. She often___3___(have) lunch with her family there. A library is across from the restaurant on Sun Street. The street is quiet in the afternoon，___4___ at night，it is very ___5___(noise) and busy. The library is open from 9：00 a．m. ___6___ 4：00 p．m. She goes to ___7___(read) books with her sister every afternoon. There is a big shopping center near the library across from Sonia's house. People can buy ___8___(lot) of delicious food, some beautiful clothes and ___9___(shoe) in the shopping center. ____10____ to Sonia's district.
选择填空。
1. There _____ no tea in the cup．
A. is B. are C. has D. be
2. There _____ in the next room．
A. is Tom B. are some boys
C. are they D. is the boy
3. There is some _____ on the plate．
A. apple B. bread
C. banana D. sandwich
A
B
B
实战演练
4. There ____ some paper and a pen on the desk．
A. is B. are C. have D. has
5. There's going to ____ in tomorrow's newspapers．
A. have something new B. have new something
C. be something new D. be new something
6. How many ____ are there in your classroom
A. desks B. desk
C. chair D. door
A
C
A
7. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street
A. Is there B. Are there
C. Has D. Have
8. There is some milk in the bottle, ______
A. isn't there B. aren't there
C. isn't it D. are there
9. There ____ something wrong with my car.
A. are B. has C. is D. have
B
A
C
10. One of the twins ___ me.
A. sit next to B. sit next in
C. sits next to D. sits next for
11. The library is ___ the park and the supermarket.
A. from B. up C. across D. between
12. - Is there a pay phone in the neighborhood
- Yes, it’s _____ the school.
A. near B. on C. between D. down
C
D
A
13. - Is there a bank around here - Yes, _______.
A. it is B. this is
C. there is D. that is
14. The pay phone ____ the library.
A. across from B. next to
C. near D. is across from
15. Nancy is between ______ and ______.
A. Jim, I B. I, Jim
C. he, me D. him, me
C
D
D
Look at the map and answer the questions.
1. Where’s the bank
It’s between the hospital and the post office.
2. Is there a restaurant on North Street
Yes, there’s one next to the police station.
3. Where’s the pay phone
It’s on North Street next to / in front of the police station.
4. Where’s the post office
It’s on New Street next to the bank.
5. Is there a hospital near the pay phone
No, there isn’t. There’s one on New Street.
Look at the map in 3a and write three sentences.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________
The park is between Center Street and New Street.
There is a restaurant on North Street.
The bank is next to the hospital and across from the bank.
The bank is between the hospital and the post office on New Street.
Take turns to choose a place in the picture in 1a on page 43. Your classmates ask questions and then
guess the place.
A: Where is the … Is it …
B: Yes, it is.
A: Is it …
B: Yes, it is.
A: Is it between … and …
B: No, it isn’t.
Is there … near here / on …Street
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
Are there … near here
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
Where’s the …
It’s on / behind / next to / across from …
Where are the …
They’re between …and…
Ⅰ. 根据图片，用恰当的方位介词(短语)填空。
1. There is a park ______________ North Street and Main Street.
2. The bank is ______________ the bookstore.
3. The police station is ______________ West Street.
4. The supermarket is ______________ the park.
between / near
next to / behind /
in front of / near
on / next to
across from
Ⅱ. 根据括号内的要求完成下列各题。
1. A radio station is near Jordan’s house. (改为同义句)
_____________________________________
2. —Are there any clubs in our school (作否定回答)
—___________________________________
3. —Is the bus stop far from your home (作肯定回答)
—___________________________________
There is a radio station near Jordan’s house.
No, there aren’t.
Yes, it is.
4. 在这个街区周围有许多饭店吗？ (汉译英)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
5. 我的书包里没有英文词典。 (汉译英)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
Are there many / lots of / a lot of restaurants around the neighborhood
There isn’t / is not an English dictionary in my schoolbag.
Ⅲ. 根据短文内容及所给图片提示，
在空白处填入恰当的方位介词(短语)。
I’ m Lucy. I live in a big neighborhood.
I’ ll show you around my neighborhood.
You can see many buildings (建筑物)
here. There is a clothing store (1)______________ the neighborhood. It’ s (2)______________ the police station and the post office. (3)______________ the post office is a movie theater.
in the front of
between
Behind / Near
And (4)______________ the movie theater is the bus station. My school is (5)______________ First Road and it’ s (6)________________ the bus station, (7)______________ the supermarket and the hospital. There’ s a small park, too. It’ s (8)______________ the neighborhood.
Next to /
On the left of
on
across from / near
between
at the back of
1. Remember the sentences in the Grammar focus.
2. Write 5 sentences about the places around your home.