2024年中考英语语法专项主谓一致（无答案）

主谓一致
课文原句呈现
我是你们的老师，你们是我的学生。
我喜欢历史，并且我擅长历史。
它吃植物和一点水果，但是它不吃肉。
在我们教室有一张世界地图，但是在墙上没有任何照片。
在网上支付不总是安全的。
看电影和听音乐是学习英语的好方法。
主谓一致基础概念
在英语句子中，谓语动词受主语支配，谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫做主谓一致。
主谓一致包括：语法一致、意义一致、就近原则
考点一 语法一致原则
语法一致原则，即谓语动词的数与主语的单复数要一致。
可数名词单数、表单数的人称代词、不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
My brother is very tall.
She studies hard in order to get the best score.
A lot of information about this matter has been found on the Internet.
积累常见的不可数名词：
information, news, money, water, furniture, wealth, health, progress, advice等。
可数名词复数、表复数的人称代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The books are used for children under nine years old.
We like the film very much.
3．主语为单个的不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Running is good for us.
To learn a foreign language is not so difficult as you imagine.
Who will go to the meeting hasn’t been decided.
4．由连词and或both...and连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式。
Mike and Jack are good students.
注意：
如果and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is speaking at the meeting. 这位教师兼作家正在会上发言。
（2）如果由and连接的并列单数主语前面分别有no，each，every，more than a/an，many a/an修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
Each boy and each girl was given a new book.
5．主语后跟with/along with/together with/as well as（和），except/but/besides（除了），like（像），rather than（而不是），including（包括）等引起的短语，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。
Mr. Brown，together with his children，has come to China.
布朗先生和他的孩子们一起来到了中国。
由不定代词either,neither,each以及some, any, every, no构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
There is something wrong with my watch.
Someone is waiting for you.
某些只有复数形式的名词，如trousers，clothes，glasses等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但是如果有单位量词如a pair of时，谓语和单位量应该保持一致。
His trousers are too long. 他的裤子太长了。
Here are some new pairs of shoes. 这里有几双新鞋子。
即学即练：
A woman with two children ________(walk) along the street at the moment.
This pair of shoes ________(fit)me well, but the shoes _______(be) much too expensive.
Doing eye exercise every day _______(be) good for your eyes.
Ma Yuan as well as Ren Zhengfei ________(get) tons of attention wherever they go.
To be a good student_______(take) a lot of effort.
考点二 意义一致
意义一致是谓语动词的单复数要与主语意义上的单复数一致。即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，则谓语动词用复数形式；若主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数形式。
表示重量、时间、长度、价格、金钱等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。
Ten years is a long time.
Two hours is enough for me to finish the work.
集体名词，如family，group，class，population，team，public等作主语时，如果看作一个整体，其谓语动词用单数；如果强调其中的每一个成员，则谓语动词用复数。
His family is a happy one.他家是个快乐的家庭。
The whole family are having supper.全家人正在吃晚饭。
注：police，people，cattle等集合名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
The police haven't caught the thief yet.
警方还没捉住盗贼。
3．“some/the rest/all/most of the＋名词”等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词，谓语动词的单复数由被修饰的名词决定。
Some of the summer camps are in the countryside or on the lake.
有些夏令营是在乡村或者湖边。
The rest of the money was given to him.
剩下的钱都给了他。
4．分数或百分数作主语时，谓语动词要与它们所指代的名词的数一致。
Two thirds of the work has been finished.
工作已完成了三分之二。
5．“the＋形容词”作主语时，如果表示一类人，谓语动词用复数形式；如果表示抽象概念，谓语动词用单数。the＋姓氏名词复数表示“……一家人”或“……夫妇”，当它在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
The blind need more help.盲人需要更多的帮助。
The Greens are Americans.格林一家是美国人。
6．当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Nights is an interesting book.
《天方夜谭》是一本有趣的书。
7．以 ics结尾的表示学科的名词，如physics，politics，mathematics(maths)等以及一些以 s结尾的名词，如news，James等不可数名词或专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
I think physics is easy.我认为物理很容易。
The news is very important.这则消息很重要。
即学即练：
The singer and dancer ______(go) to the art festival in Sydney already.
Three million ______(be) a large number. You can make it small.
The police _______(help) the girl look for her parents at the moment.
The young _______(be) are our hope in the future.
80% of the students ____________(have) finished the work.
考点三就近原则
1．当两个主语由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not...but...，not only...but also...，whether...or...连接时，谓语动词和它相邻的主语保持一致。
Neither he nor I am going to Beijing.
Not you but I am responsible （负责的）for it.
2．在there be句型中，主语是一系列事物时，谓语动词be应与最临近的名词保持一致。
There are ten desks and a chair in the classroom.
在教室里有10张课桌和1把椅子。
以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
Here is a letter and some books for you.这是一封信和一些书给你。
即学即练：
Not only Lily but also her parents _______(enjoy) skating.
There ______(be) going to be a football match tomorrow.
Either Jim or I _______(be) going to give a speech.
There ______(be) a pair of sunglasses on the floor. The glasses _______(be) mine.
六、主谓一致达标检测
His family ______(be) music lovers.
A number of books ______(have) been lent out.
The number of the books ______(be) 1000.
The population of China _______(be) much larger than that of America.
Four fifths of the students _______(have) gone to the museum.
The police ________(help) the girl look for her parents at the moment.
Not only my parents but also my sister _______(be) crazy about the TV play.
Why don’t you take it to someone who ________(need) it
None of them ___________(see) the movie before.
There ________(be) going to be two football matches at school next week.
Each doctor and each nurse __________(be) given a new shirt last Saturday.
To clean the classroom every day _______ (be)my duty.
Just dreaming ___________(cost) nothing.
14. To read new words and to remember grammar rules__________(be) not enough.
15. How we will go and who will be the hosts ___________(have) not been decided.
16. When and where the meeting will be held __________(have) been known.
17. The bat together with the balls __________(be) stolen yesterday.
18. The old ____________(be)rushed to hospital.
19. One third of the work ____________(have)been finished.
20. 75% of the students ____________(not have) finished the work.
21. The rest of us ____________(be) to clean the classroom.
22. Each of the books _________(have) a red cover.