2024年中考英语二轮复习专题：被动语态（上海专用）
·模块一 需要使用被动语态的情况
·模块二 各时态的被动语态结构
·模块三 主动语态和被动语态的转换
·模块四 双宾语结构的被动转换
·模块五 不能使用被动语态的词和词组
·模块六 常见主动语态表被动的词和词组
·模块七 have sth. done的双重含义
不知道或不必提及动作的执行者
This bridge was built in 1700.
这座桥建于1700年。
强调动作的承受者
Frank was hit by a car.
弗兰克被车撞了。
说话者希望所说的内容更加客观，避免就自己不太肯定的事表态
It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.
据说战后日本的工业进步非常显著。
被动语态的基本结构为：be done
请完成表格：（以do为例）
一般 进行 完成
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 will be done am/is/are going to be done will have been done
过去将来 would be done was/were going to be done would have been done
Attention
含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done
芝士蛋糕必须得趁冷吃。
Cheese cake must be served cold.
★小试身手★
请用下面括号内单词的适当形式填空：
A speech will be given/was given (give) this afternoon.
The classroom is cleaned (clean) every day.
Some effective measures have been taken (take) since last year.
My mother’s favorite vase was broken (break) yesterday.
The book had been read (read) four times by the end of last semester.
An amusement park is being built (build) in our city now.
The technician told me that my watch would be repaired (repair) in 1 hour.
The problem was being discussed (discuss) this time yesterday.
He said that he had been invited/would be invited (invite) to the party.
Thousands of trees will have been planted (plant) in this area by the end of this year.
The clothes may be delivered (deliver) to the poor area next month.
陈述句改为被动句
Step1:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语
Step2:动词结构作相应变化（be+过去分词）
Step3:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step4:其他照抄
He was making a model plane.
A model plane was being made (by him).
一般疑问句改为被动句
Step1:be动词/情态动词/助动词放句首
Step2:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语
Step3:被动结构的其他成分
Step4:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step5:其他照抄
Did Mike’s teacher give much homework yesterday
Was much homework given by Mike’s teacher yesterday
特殊疑问句改为被动句
Step1:特殊疑问词不变
Step2:be动词/情态动词/助动词提前
Step3:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语（主动语态特殊疑问词作宾语则这步省略）
Step4:被动结构的其他成分
Step5:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step6:其他照抄
When will Jack finish his homework
When will Jack’s homework be finished by him
What did Linda’s father mend last night
What was mended by Linda’s father last night
★小试身手★
请把下列句子变为被动句：
I was sure people would punish him.
I was sure he would be punished by me.
They may open a new school next year.
A new school may be opened next year by them.
Can the boy pick up heavy weights
Can heavy weights be picked up by the boy
Will your mother kiss you on your wedding day next week
Will you be kissed by your mother on your wedding day next week
双宾语结构的转换原则
He gave her a rose. = He gave a rose to her.
A rose was given to her. (物做主语有介词)
She was given a rose. (人做主语无介词)
★小试身手★
请改写下列句子，保持句意不变：
My father bought me a Mini Cooper.
物做主语：A Mini Cooper was bought for me by my mother.
人做主语：I was bought a Mini Cooper by my mother.
The waiter has not brought us the coffee.
物做主语：The coffee hasn't been brought to us by the waiter.
人做主语：We haven't been brought the coffee by the waiter.
Attention
以下动词与介词to搭配
award, bring, give, hand, leave, lend, mail, play, post, promise, pass, read, return, recommend（推荐）, sell, send, serve（招待）, show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, write
以下动词与介词for搭配
boil, book, bring, build, buy, call, catch, change, choose, cook, cut, do, draw, fetch, find, fix, gather, get, keep, leave, make, order, pick, prepare, reserve（预留）, sing, save
★小试身手★
请用括号里的词翻译句子：
这个房间是为史密斯一家预定的。(reserve)
This room is reserved for the Smiths.
你不要指望任何人能为了你而变化。(change)
No one is expected to change for you.
不及物动词及短语
出现 appear 死 die 消失 disappear
躺 lie 升起 rise 同意 agree
属于 belong to 爆发 break out 由…组成 consist of
赶上 keep up with 发生 happen take place occur
静态动词
变成 become 有益于 benefit 等于 equal
失败 fail 包含 contain 缺少 lack
持续 last 意味着 mean 值…钱 cost
适合 suit fit
常见系动词：
smell, sound, taste, feel, look, seem, appear, prove
井水尝起来好甜。
The well water tastes sweet.
这块丝绸布料摸起来很光滑。
This silk feels very smooth.
一些动词在主动表示被动时，通常和well等副词连用，这些动词有：
clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride +well
这支笔很好写。
This pen writes well.
这幅眼镜戴起来很舒服。
This pair of glasses wears comfortably.
用动名词的主动形式来代替被动，这类动词主要有：
want/need/require/deserve +doing =want/need/require to be done
孩子们需要照看。
The children need looking after.
你值得拥有这些奖励。
You deserve owning these prizes.
be worth doing sth. 某事值得做
Anything worth doing is worth doing well.
值得做的事就值得做好。
be + adj. + to do
当这个句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，我们一般用主动表被动。
English is hard to learn.（English是to learn的逻辑宾语，所以不用被动。）
这本书很难跟上。(follow)
The book is hard to follow.
他说的话很容易理解。(What he said)
What he said is easy to understand.
某事被别人完成
你多久剪一次头发？
How often do you have your hair cut
某人的一种经历
我昨晚把手臂摔断了。
I had my arm broken yesterday.
一、单项选择
1．—Your room is so clean.
—Thank you! It ________ yesterday.
A．was cleaned B．cleans C．cleaned D．is cleaned
2．The last Beidou GEO-3 ________ into space successfully on June 23, 2020.
A．is sent B．was sent C．sends D．sent
3．The noise which _______ by teenagers outside the house kept people awake all night.
A．was made B．made C．were made D．making
4．All of our schoolbags ________ behind chairs according to our class rule.
A．must be put B．must put C．must be putted D．can be put
5．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer __________ by Mark Twain.
A．writes B．wrote C．will be written D．was written
6．—How clean the window is!
—Yes. It ________ just now.
A．has been cleaned B．was cleaned
C．is cleaned D．will be cleaned
7．As the curtain ________, the famous singer came out.The fans _______ and screamed with excitement.
A．was raised;rose B．had been raised;were raised
C．rose;were raised D．had risen;raised
8．The children were hungry and the salad was quickly________ up.
A．eating B．ate C．eaten D．eat
9．—Who’s the little baby in the photo, Susan
—It’s me. This photo __________ ten years ago.
A．takes B．is taken C．took D．was taken
10．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages.
A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving
11．—Mum, can I hang out with my classmates this afternoon
—Of course you can if your homework ________ this morning.
A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed
12．He likes blue, so his room _______ that color yesterday.
A．painted B．was painted C．will be painted D．paints
13．I think robots ______ in everyday life in a few years’ time.
A．will use B．will be used C．are used D．were used
14．Many volunteers ________ for the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games on February 4th, 2022.
A．were needed B．are needed C．are needing D．were needing
15．As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A．are raised B．were raised C．raised D．have raised
16．—I've read on the Internet that a world record of boating ________ on Jan 16th, 2018.
—Yes. It's a woman team from Shantou University. It took them 34 days to cross the Atlantic.
A．broke B．has broken C．was broken D．will be broken
17．— Who’s the little baby in the photo, Li Ying
— It’s me. This photo _______ fourteen years ago.
A．is taken B．took C．takes D．was taken
18．—Excuse me, sir. When can we have a swim in the pool
—Not until it _______ next month.
A．repairs B．will repair C．is repaired D．will be repaired
19．─What do you think of my shirt？It _________ cotton.
─It looks nice on you.
A．is made in B．is made for C．is made of D．is made from
20．Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it.
A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered
21．Every year many trees ____ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A．plant B．have planted C．are planted D．were planted
22．The house __________ by my friends last month. We will live in it soon.
A．paints B．is painted C．painted D．was painted
23．Let’s wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
A．replace . B．replaced
C．will be replaced . D．were replaced
24．Last December, a man who stole a shared bike 1, 000 yuan by the police.
A．fined B．was fined
C．will be fined D．has fined
25．In many places in China, the old over 90___ not only by their family but also by the government.
A．is taking good care B．are taken good care of
C．is taking good care of D．are taken good care
26．—Let’s go to play soccer, Peter.
—I’m afraid not. I’ll need one more hour before my homework_______.
A．has finished B．finished C．will be finished D．is finished
27．A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and ________ with a special party.
A．celebrates B．was celebrated C．is celebrated D．will celebrate
28．Now students in some schools ________ not to use mobile phones.
A．ask B．asked C．are asked D．were asked
29．——Where the2010 World EXPO ——In Shanghai.
A．does，hold B．has，held C．will，hold D．is，held
30．—What a nice classroom!
—It _____ every day.
A．is cleaning B．has cleaned C．must clean D．is cleaned
31．—How is your pet dog
—He is lovely. But if he _______ at home all day, he _______ at me angrily.
A．keeps; barks B．is kept; will bark C．is kept; bark D．keeps; will bark
32． —How clean your car is!
—Thank you. It very often.
A．is washed B．washes
C．was washed D．washed
33．A new road __________ near my school next year.
A．builds B．will build
C．is built D．will be built
34．Paper _____first _____ about 2,000 years ago in China.
A．is, creating B．is created C．has, created D．was created
35．The students how to do the experiment in class yesterday.
A．were taught B．better C．was taught D．teach
36．—Did you enjoy the party last night
—Yes, we ________ well by our hosts.
A．treated B．treat C．were treated D．are treated
37．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A．didn’t clean B．isn’t cleaned C．was cleaned D．wasn’t cleaned
38．The students________hand in their homework on time by their teacher.
A．were made B．was made to C．were made to D．made to
39．—Can you tell me if he _______ all the problems in thirty minutes
—I’m afraid he can’t. If he ______ another five minutes, I think he will.
A．will solve, will give B．solves, is given
C．will solve, is given D．solves, will give
40．—Do you know the Tuttosport Golden Boy Trophy (奖杯)
—Yes, it’s an award which ________to the best player in Europe under the age of 21.
A．is given B．has given
C．gives D．will give
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：——你的房间好干净。——谢谢你！昨天打扫的。
考查一般过去时被动语态。根据“yesterday”可知，是一般过去时，且房间是被打扫，因此使用被动语态，结构是was/were done。故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：最后一次北斗GEO-3于2020年6月23日成功发射升空。
考查被动语态。is sent一般现在时的被动语态；was sent一般过去时的被动语态；sends一般现在时；sent一般过去时。根据题干，可知主语“The last Beidou GEO-3”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态“be+过去分词”，由“on June 23, 2020”可知时态是一般过去时，主语“The last Beidou GEO-3”是单数，用was。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：十几岁的孩子在屋外发出的噪音使人们整晚清醒着（无法入睡）。
考查被动语态。A. was made一般过去时、被动语态； B. made一般过去式、过去分词； C. were made一般过去时、被动语态； D. making动名词；定语从句关系代词which指代noise在从句中当主语，主谓之间为被动关系（被制造），所以判断从句的动词用被动语态；noise意为“噪音”，是不可数名词，be动词的一般过去式用was；故选A。
4．A
【详解】句意：根据我们的班规，我们所有的书包都必须放在椅子后面。
考查情态动词辨析及被动语态。can可以；must必须。根据“according to our class rule”可知此处需要表达的是“必须”，又主语为“All of our schoolbags”，因此动词需使用被动语态，其结构为be done，put“放置”的过去分词为put。故选A。
5．D
【详解】句意：《汤姆·索亚历险记》是马克·吐温写的。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。writes写，第三人称单数形式；wrote过去式；will be written一般将来时的被动语态；was written一般过去时的被动语态。主语The Adventures of Tom Sawyer与谓语动词write之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，作者写书是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时。故选D。
6．B
【详解】句意：——这个窗户多么干净呀！—是的，它刚被擦了。
考查动词时态。四个选项都是被动语态，根据时间状语“just now”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
7．A
【详解】句意：当幕布拉开，著名的歌手走出来，歌迷们站起来，兴奋地尖叫。第一个空根据the famous singer came out表达的是过去的动作，从句和主句动作同时发生，所以排除B/D；the certain与raise是被动关系，所以用被动语态；第二个空，根据句意and连接的前后两个动作应是时态一致，根据screamed，故用过去时态，The fans和rise是主动关系；故选A
8．C
【详解】句意：孩子们很饿，沙拉很快被吃光了。根据 salad和. eat是被动关系，所以用被动语态，所以用过去分词；故选C
9．D
【详解】句意：——苏珊，照片里头的小孩子是谁？——是我。这张照片是十年前拍摄的。
考查时态和语态。主语“This photo”与动词take之间是动宾关系，结合“ten years ago”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done。故选D。照片作主语，句子要用被动形式，十年前可知句子用一般过去时，故选D。
10．A
【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：——妈妈，今天下午我能和同学们出去玩吗？——如果你今天早上完成了作业，你当然可以。
考查时态和语态。your homework与动词complete之间是动宾关系，if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，此处用一般现在时的被动语态is completed。故选B。
12．B
【详解】句意：他喜欢蓝色，所以他的房间昨天被漆成了那个颜色。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“his room”与动词paint之间是被动关系，由yesterday可知，这里是一般过去时的被动语态was painted。故选B。
13．B
【详解】句意：我认为几年后在日常生活中将会使用机器人。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in a few years’ time”可知本句为将来时，且主语“robots”和谓语“use”逻辑上属于动宾关系，所以用被动语态，由此可知用一般将来时的被动语态，关系B。
14．A
【详解】句意：2022年2月4日的北京冬奥会开幕式需要很多志愿者。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，主语volunteers 是动词need的承受着，需用被动语态；再根据时间状语“on February 4th, 2022”可知，事情发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
15．B
【详解】句意：书一被筹集好，志愿者们就给希望小学的学生们寄去了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。A. are raised表一般现在时被动语态；B. were raised表一般过去时被动语态；C. raised表一般过去时；D. have raised表现在完成时。从句主语books和谓语raise之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，C、D选项可排除。根据英语语法，as soon as引导时间状语从句时，主句用一般过去时，从句用一般过去时或过去完成时。该句主句为一般过去时，故从句应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：——我在网上看到，2018年1月16日，一项划船世界纪录被打破。——是的，那是一支来自汕头大学的女子队伍。花费了她们34天穿过大西洋。
考查被动语态。broke打破，是break的过去式；broken是break的过去分词形式。由句意可知，that从句中的主语“a world record of boating”与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用被动语态，排除A和B；由句中的时间“on Jan 16th, 2018”可知，应用一般过去时态。故选C。
17．D
【详解】句意：——照片中的小婴儿是谁，李颖？——是我。这张照片是14年前拍的。
考查一般过去时被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“This photo”和谓语动词take之间是被动关系，又根据“fourteen years ago”可知，应用一般过去时被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 动词的过去分词”，主语“this photo”是单数，be动词用was，故选D。
18．C
【详解】句意：-对不起，先生，我们什么时候能在池子里游泳？-直到下个月它被修好的时候。repairs修理，第三人称单数形式；will repair一般将来时；is repaired一般现在时被动语态；will be repaired一般将来时被动语态。until引导的时间状语从句中应用一般现在时，且主语it与动词构成被动关系，故应选C。
19．C
【详解】句意:——你认为我的衬衫怎么样？它是棉布制成的。——它穿在你身上真好看。
be made in后面加地点，意思为“在……制作”；be made for意思为“为……而制作”；be made of意思为“由……（材料）制成”，一般指能看出原材料，变化过程只是发生了物理变化；be made from“由……（材料）制成”，一般指看不出原材料，往往发生了化学变化或者材料用途发生改变。衣服能感知到是棉布，其性质没有变化，故选C。
20．C
【详解】句意：银行提供给尼克一份工作，但是出人意料的是，他没有接受。
考查被动语态和时态。offer“提供”。A.is offered现在时的被动语态；B.offered过去式；C. was offered过去式的被动语态；D.has offered现在完成时。offer与主语Nick之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，根据下半句didn’t可知是过去式。故选C。
21．C
【详解】句意：为了使我们的城市更加美丽，每年在街道上都种上许多树。
plant种植，have planted现在完成时；are planted被动语态的一般现在时；were planted被动语态的一般过去时。主语和谓语动词之间指动宾关系，所以用被动语态，根据every year可知用一般现在时，故选C。
22．D
【详解】句意：这个房子上个月被我的朋友们粉刷了。我们不久将住在这里。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。A. paints表一般现在时；B. is painted表一般现在时的被动语态；C. painted表一般过去时；D. was painted表一般过去时的被动语态。房子应该是被粉刷，主语和谓语动词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据时间标志词last month可知，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
【点睛】错因分析：
①本题选项中既涉及时态也涉及语态，考生易混淆；
②考生忽略了句中的时间标志词last month，从而对时态判断错误；
③考生不清楚主语The house和谓语paint之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态；
④考生不清楚一般过去时的被动语态的结构为“was/ were +过去分词”。
23．C
【详解】句意：让咱们等着看看在未来书是否被因特网所取代。考查动词的被动语态。A. replace 一般现在时；B. replaced 一般过去式；C. will be replaced 一般将来时的被动语态；D. were replaced过去式的被动语态。根据句中的in the future，可知该题是一般将来时；其次books与replace之间是被动关系，因此本题是一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
24．B
【详解】句意：去年12月，一个偷了共享单车的人被警察罚款1,000元。fined罚款，过去式；was fined被罚款，是一般过去时的被动语态；will be fined一般将来时的被动语态；has fined现在完成时主动形式。主语a man和动词fine构成被动关系，时间是Last December，过去的，故用一般过去时的被动语态，选B。
25．B
【详解】句意：在中国的许多地方，90岁以上的老人不仅受到家庭的照顾，也受到政府的精心照顾。考查被动语态。the old over 90与take care of构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用被动语态，可排除A、C两项。“动词+介词”结构的短语动词用于被动结构时介词不能省略。故选B。
26．D
【分析】句意：——彼得，让我们去踢足球吧。——我恐怕不行。我还需要一小时才能完成作业。
【详解】before表示“在……之前”，引导的时间状语从句，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，结合句意，主语homework与谓语finish之间是被动关系，故用is finished。故选D。
27．C
【详解】句意：在中国，婴儿的一岁生日是一件特别的事情，人们会用一个特别的派对来庆祝。
考查动词的时态。主语A baby’s first birthday与谓语celebrate之间为被动关系，用被动语态be done，且本句话描述的是一个客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
28．C
【详解】句意：现在一些学校的学生被要求不能使用手机。A. ask一般现在时的主动语态；B. asked一般过去时的主动语态；C. are asked一般现在时的被动语态；D. were asked一般过去时的被动语态。now（现在）是说当前的情况，句子不能用一般过去时来表达。故排除B和D选项；又因为学生是被要求不要去做某事，故用被动语态，被动语态的构成是be+动词的过去分词，故答案选C。
【点睛】初中英语教材中出现了五种时态的被动语态及带有情态动词的被动语态。
(1) 一般现在时被动语态的构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词
English is spoken in many countries.
(2) 一般过去时被动语态的构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词
Was this novel written by his father
(3) 一般将来时被动语态的构成：will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词
The baby will be taken good care of in the hospital.
(4) 现在完成时被动语态的构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词
Has his work been finished
(5) 现在进行时被动语态的构成：be + being + 动词的过去分词
The problem is being discussed by the students.
(6)带有情态动词的被动语态的 构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词
Your composition must be handed in tomorrow.
29．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。主语the2010 World EXPO和动词hold之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动语态，选D。
30．D
【详解】句意：——多漂亮的房间！——房间每天都被打扫。
考查被动语态。every day是一般现在时的标志词，主语it是clean的承受者，句子表被动，应该用被动语态be done，故选D。
31．B
【详解】句意：——你的宠物狗怎么样？——它很可爱。不过如果把它整天关在家里，它会生气地向我叫。
考查被动语态及动词时态。第一空表示狗被关在家里，应该用被动语态be+done，排除A和D；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，第二空应用一般将来时态will+do。故选B。
32．A
【详解】试题分析：句意：—你的车真干净。—谢谢。它经常被洗。It 指代your car，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态；“它经常被洗”是经常性的动作，应当用一般现在时。所以选Ａ。
33．D
【详解】试题分析：句意：明年在我的学校附近将修建一条新公路。根据时间状语next year可知此处用一般将来时。主语road与谓语动词build之间是被动关系，故此处为will be built。故选D。
考点：考查被动语态的用法。
34．D
【详解】句意：纸是两千多年前，中国发明的。表示两千多年前发生的过去动作，句子用一般过去时态；句子的主语paper是谓语动词create的承受者，句子用被动语态。故选D。
35．A
【详解】句意：学生们在昨天课上被教导怎样做实验。
考查被动语态用法。老师教学生，学生被教，主语是动作的承受者，故用被动句，结构为be+过去分词，主语是复数，故选A。
36．C
【详解】句意：——你喜欢昨晚的聚会吗？——是的，我们受到了主人很好的招待。
考查被动语态。主语we和动词treat“款待”之间是被动关系，结合前句可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
37．D
【详解】句意：— —哦，你的房间太脏了，迈克！ — —对不起，妈妈。昨天没有打扫。我忘了做。
A为一般过去时，主动语态；B为一般现在时的被动句；C为一般过去时的被动句；D为一般过去时的被动句。根据yesterday.可知，本题的时态为一般过去时，因此排除B；再根据I forgot to do it. 我忘了做。说明没有打扫房间，因此排除C；句中的主语It是代指上文的your room，your room做主语，应该用被动语态，选项A为主动语态，排除，故选D。
38．C
【详解】句意：学生被老师要求按时上交作业。
考查被动语态。were made被让；was made to被让，主语是单数；were made to被让；made to形式错误。根据句意以及“by their teacher”可知，老师要求，是动作的发出者，学生被要求按时交作业，是动作承受者，所以此句是用被动语态，D错误；make sb. do sth.的被动态是be made to do sth.，A错误；“The students”主语是复数，B错误。故选C。
39．C
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我他是否能在三十分钟内解决所有的问题？——恐怕他不能。如果再给他五分钟，我想他会的。考查动词时态和语态辨析题。问句是if引导的宾语从句，in thirty minutes（在三十分钟内），用于一般将来时，可排除BD两项。答句是if条件句，需用一般现在时代替一般将来时，从句主语he是单数第三人称，还是动词give的受动者，需用被动语态，即“is+过去分词”结构。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。
40．A
【详解】句意：——你知道Tuttosport Golden Boy奖杯吗？——是的，这是在欧洲颁发给那些在21岁以下的最优秀的运动员的。
考查被动语态。因先行词an award在从句中做主语并且是谓语动词的承受者，故用被动语态；本句是一般现在时，所以这里是一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。2024年中考英语二轮复习专题：被动语态（上海专用）
·模块一 需要使用被动语态的情况
·模块二 各时态的被动语态结构
·模块三 主动语态和被动语态的转换
·模块四 双宾语结构的被动转换
·模块五 不能使用被动语态的词和词组
·模块六 常见主动语态表被动的词和词组
·模块七 have sth. done的双重含义
不知道或不必提及动作的执行者
This bridge was built in 1700.
这座桥建于1700年。
强调动作的承受者
Frank was hit by a car.
弗兰克被车撞了。
说话者希望所说的内容更加客观，避免就自己不太肯定的事表态
It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.
据说战后日本的工业进步非常显著。
被动语态的基本结构为：be done
请完成表格：（以do为例）
一般 进行 完成
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
Attention
含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done
芝士蛋糕必须得趁冷吃。
Cheese cake cold.
★小试身手★
请用下面括号内单词的适当形式填空：
A speech (give) this afternoon.
The classroom (clean) every day.
Some effective measures (take) since last year.
My mother’s favorite vase (break) yesterday.
The book (read) four times by the end of last semester.
An amusement park (build) in our city now.
The technician told me that my watch (repair) in 1 hour.
The problem (discuss) this time yesterday.
He said that he (invite) to the party.
Thousands of trees (plant) in this area by the end of this year.
The clothes may (deliver) to the poor area next month.
陈述句改为被动句
Step1:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语
Step2:动词结构作相应变化（be+过去分词）
Step3:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step4:其他照抄
He was making a model plane.
一般疑问句改为被动句
Step1:be动词/情态动词/助动词放句首
Step2:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语
Step3:被动结构的其他成分
Step4:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step5:其他照抄
Did Mike’s teacher give much homework yesterday
特殊疑问句改为被动句
Step1:特殊疑问词不变
Step2:be动词/情态动词/助动词提前
Step3:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语（主动语态特殊疑问词作宾语则这步省略）
Step4:被动结构的其他成分
Step5:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step6:其他照抄
When will Jack finish his homework
What did Linda’s father mend last night
What last night
★小试身手★
请把下列句子变为被动句：
I was sure people would punish him.
They may open a new school next year.
Can the boy pick up heavy weights
Will your mother kiss you on your wedding day next week
Will on your wedding day next week
双宾语结构的转换原则
He gave her a rose. = He gave a rose to her.
A rose . (物做主语有介词)
She . (人做主语无介词)
★小试身手★
请改写下列句子，保持句意不变：
My father bought me a Mini Cooper.
物做主语：
人做主语：
The waiter has not brought us the coffee.
物做主语：
人做主语：
Attention
以下动词与介词to搭配
award, bring, give, hand, leave, lend, mail, play, post, promise, pass, read, return, recommend（推荐）, sell, send, serve（招待）, show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, write
以下动词与介词for搭配
boil, book, bring, build, buy, call, catch, change, choose, cook, cut, do, draw, fetch, find, fix, gather, get, keep, leave, make, order, pick, prepare, reserve（预留）, sing, save
★小试身手★
请用括号里的词翻译句子：
这个房间是为史密斯一家预定的。(reserve)
你不要指望任何人能为了你而变化。(change)
不及物动词及短语
出现 死 消失
躺 升起 同意
属于 爆发 由…组成
赶上 发生
静态动词
变成 有益于 等于
失败 包含 缺少
持续 意味着 值…钱
适合
常见系动词：
smell, sound, taste, feel, look, seem, appear, prove
井水尝起来好甜。
The well water这块丝绸布料摸起来很光滑。
This silk一些动词在主动表示被动时，通常和well等副词连用，这些动词有：
clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride +well
这支笔很好写。
This pen
这幅眼镜戴起来很舒服。
This pair of glasses
用动名词的主动形式来代替被动，这类动词主要有：
want/need/require/deserve +doing =want/need/require to be done
孩子们需要照看。
The children
你值得拥有这些奖励。
You
be worth doing sth. 某事值得做
Anything worth doing is worth doing well.
be + adj. + to do
当这个句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，我们一般用主动表被动。
English is hard to learn.（English是to learn的逻辑宾语，所以不用被动。）
这本书很难跟上。(follow)
他说的话很容易理解。(What he said)
某事被别人完成
你多久剪一次头发？
How often do you
某人的一种经历
我昨晚把手臂摔断了。
Iyesterday.
一、单项选择
1．—Your room is so clean.
—Thank you! It ________ yesterday.
A．was cleaned B．cleans C．cleaned D．is cleaned
2．The last Beidou GEO-3 ________ into space successfully on June 23, 2020.
A．is sent B．was sent C．sends D．sent
3．The noise which _______ by teenagers outside the house kept people awake all night.
A．was made B．made C．were made D．making
4．All of our schoolbags ________ behind chairs according to our class rule.
A．must be put B．must put C．must be putted D．can be put
5．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer __________ by Mark Twain.
A．writes B．wrote C．will be written D．was written
6．—How clean the window is!
—Yes. It ________ just now.
A．has been cleaned B．was cleaned
C．is cleaned D．will be cleaned
7．As the curtain ________, the famous singer came out.The fans _______ and screamed with excitement.
A．was raised;rose B．had been raised;were raised
C．rose;were raised D．had risen;raised
8．The children were hungry and the salad was quickly________ up.
A．eating B．ate C．eaten D．eat
9．—Who’s the little baby in the photo, Susan
—It’s me. This photo __________ ten years ago.
A．takes B．is taken C．took D．was taken
10．The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ________ by people of all ages.
A．is loved B．was loved C．will love D．is loving
11．—Mum, can I hang out with my classmates this afternoon
—Of course you can if your homework ________ this morning.
A．completes B．is completed C．will complete D．will be completed
12．He likes blue, so his room _______ that color yesterday.
A．painted B．was painted C．will be painted D．paints
13．I think robots ______ in everyday life in a few years’ time.
A．will use B．will be used C．are used D．were used
14．Many volunteers ________ for the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympic Games on February 4th, 2022.
A．were needed B．are needed C．are needing D．were needing
15．As soon as books ________, the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A．are raised B．were raised C．raised D．have raised
16．—I've read on the Internet that a world record of boating ________ on Jan 16th, 2018.
—Yes. It's a woman team from Shantou University. It took them 34 days to cross the Atlantic.
A．broke B．has broken C．was broken D．will be broken
17．— Who’s the little baby in the photo, Li Ying
— It’s me. This photo _______ fourteen years ago.
A．is taken B．took C．takes D．was taken
18．—Excuse me, sir. When can we have a swim in the pool
—Not until it _______ next month.
A．repairs B．will repair C．is repaired D．will be repaired
19．─What do you think of my shirt？It _________ cotton.
─It looks nice on you.
A．is made in B．is made for C．is made of D．is made from
20．Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it.
A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered
21．Every year many trees ____ along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A．plant B．have planted C．are planted D．were planted
22．The house __________ by my friends last month. We will live in it soon.
A．paints B．is painted C．painted D．was painted
23．Let’s wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.
A．replace . B．replaced
C．will be replaced . D．were replaced
24．Last December, a man who stole a shared bike 1, 000 yuan by the police.
A．fined B．was fined
C．will be fined D．has fined
25．In many places in China, the old over 90___ not only by their family but also by the government.
A．is taking good care B．are taken good care of
C．is taking good care of D．are taken good care
26．—Let’s go to play soccer, Peter.
—I’m afraid not. I’ll need one more hour before my homework_______.
A．has finished B．finished C．will be finished D．is finished
27．A baby’s first birthday is a special event in China and ________ with a special party.
A．celebrates B．was celebrated C．is celebrated D．will celebrate
28．Now students in some schools ________ not to use mobile phones.
A．ask B．asked C．are asked D．were asked
29．——Where the2010 World EXPO ——In Shanghai.
A．does，hold B．has，held C．will，hold D．is，held
30．—What a nice classroom!
—It _____ every day.
A．is cleaning B．has cleaned C．must clean D．is cleaned
31．—How is your pet dog
—He is lovely. But if he _______ at home all day, he _______ at me angrily.
A．keeps; barks B．is kept; will bark C．is kept; bark D．keeps; will bark
32． —How clean your car is!
—Thank you. It very often.
A．is washed B．washes
C．was washed D．washed
33．A new road __________ near my school next year.
A．builds B．will build
C．is built D．will be built
34．Paper _____first _____ about 2,000 years ago in China.
A．is, creating B．is created C．has, created D．was created
35．The students how to do the experiment in class yesterday.
A．were taught B．better C．was taught D．teach
36．—Did you enjoy the party last night
—Yes, we ________ well by our hosts.
A．treated B．treat C．were treated D．are treated
37．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike!
—Sorry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A．didn’t clean B．isn’t cleaned C．was cleaned D．wasn’t cleaned
38．The students________hand in their homework on time by their teacher.
A．were made B．was made to C．were made to D．made to
39．—Can you tell me if he _______ all the problems in thirty minutes
—I’m afraid he can’t. If he ______ another five minutes, I think he will.
A．will solve, will give B．solves, is given
C．will solve, is given D．solves, will give
40．—Do you know the Tuttosport Golden Boy Trophy (奖杯)
—Yes, it’s an award which ________to the best player in Europe under the age of 21.
A．is given B．has given
C．gives D．will give
