2024年安徽省中考九年级英语二轮专题复习 完形填空阅读理解专项突破四 句子还原型阅读（共35张PPT）

(共35张PPT)
句子还原型阅读
分析全国近3年中考真题可知，考查句子还原型阅读的省市呈逐年增加的趋势，且全国高考卷中对此题型也有考查。此题型要求学生整体把握文章的逻辑结构，聚焦考查学生基于语篇层面对上下文逻辑关系的理解能力，符合《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》语言技能中“能辨别语篇中的衔接手段，判断语篇中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系”这一要求。分析全国近3年中考真题可知，句子还原型阅读的命题特点如下：
中考早知道
考查形式 主要为5选5、6选5、7选5，也会涉及5选4和4选4。
主题&话题 1. 主题：人与自我＞人与社会＞人与自然
2. 话题：以做法建议、说明介绍、观点看法为主，也会涉及人物经历、教育故事、科技发展、环境保护、中外文化介绍等
设空位置 1. 以段中设空为主(①细节句；②过渡句；③对逻辑关系进行解释说明)；
2. 少量在段首/段尾设空(①段首：主题句；②段尾：对上文或全文的总结概括；③段首/段尾：过渡句、细节句)
考查技能 搜寻关键词、理清逻辑关系、明确指代关系、相似结构找线索
语篇类型 语篇类型多样，除常规文本外，还涉及思维导图、邮件、网页等
关键词是指某些体现线索特征的词汇。名词、动词和形容词作为主要的线索特征词，常以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式重复出现。
微技能1　搜寻关键词
微技能突破
例　To change a habit, you have to change your behavior. Experts say that people need 20 to 70 days to change a habit. 1．________ According to experts, there are six stages(阶段) of change...
技能精讲
Step 1：阅读空前以及空后内容，锁定空前关键词组“need 20 to 70 days”“change a habit”及空后关键词组“six stages of change”；
A. Develop new habits.
B. Some habits may take a year to change.
C. For example, wash your hands before eating.
Step 2：分析备选项， B项中的“habits”、“take a year to change”与上文中的“need 20 to 70 days”“change a habit”呼应，都表示“改掉习惯需要花费一些时间”。故选B。
解题时，重点关注文中的名词、动词和形容词，具体可参考以下步骤：
Step 1：着重阅读空前空后的内容，锁定关键词；
Step 2：在选项中查找相关关键词，如原词、派生词、同义/近义词与反义词、同畴词。正确选项一般重复前一句的关键词，且与下一句的关键词相呼应。
方法指导
此类试题主要考查学生基于语篇层面对上下文逻辑关系的理解能力。做题时，学生需要通过上下文语境分析设空处和前后句之间存在的逻辑关系，常常会借助过渡词或并列连词进行衔接。
微技能2　理清逻辑关系
例　When you get into trouble, don't worry.People around you may give you some useful advice. Sometimes, taking others' advice can make you get out of trouble easily.
Choose wisely whom to get advice from. The best advice comes from people who've been in your shoes before. Just because some people are successful doesn't necessarily mean they'll give you good advice.
技能精讲
Look for several different ideas. Don't feel like you only have to get advice from one person.1.________ In this way, you can be sure that you're getting a broad enough opinion on the problem.
剖析：根据空前句可知，此处与向几个人寻求建议有关，并结合备选项可知，C项“相反，向几个你信任的人寻求帮助。”符合语境，且C项与前句形成对比关系。故选C。
A. However, that opinion can really hold you back.
B. It is necessary to accept the opinions from others.
C. Instead, reach out to several people who win your trust.
解答此类试题，主要是要理清设空处与上下文之间的逻辑关系，常见的逻辑关系如下所示：
(1)并列或递进关系：空前后两句之间出现：first/firstly，next, also, besides, what's more等词(组)
(2)对比或转折关系：空前后两句之间出现：but, however, yet, instead等词
(3)举例或推理关系：空前后两句出现：in other words, that is to say, such as, for example等词(组)
(4)因果关系：空前后两句之间出现：because, why, so, as a result等词(组)
方法指导
微技能3　明确指代关系
例　The Children's Book Project is a great charity. 1.________
技能精讲
Step 1：分析备选项可知，C项中的“It”指代设空处前一句中提到的“儿童图书项目”。
Step 2: 将C项代入文章空处可知，此处是在介绍儿童图书项目所做的事情，表示“它回收书籍并将其转赠给学校或儿童中心。”故选C。
When books are donated by people, they should be cleaned and sorted into age groups and reading levels. Liberty Venn from the Children's Book Project says, “Knowing that someone will enjoy them as much as you did is great. It's really an amazing feeling. At the Children's Book Project, we help to extend(延长) the life of over 250, 000 books each year.”
A. As you grow older, though, you often outgrow your books.
B. If you join a book recycling plan, you can pick up new reads.
C. It recycles books and passes them on to schools or children's centers.
代词用于指代前面提及的名词(短语)或句子。解题时，可利用代词指代法：
Step 1：分析选项中的代词或者空后一句中代词所指代的内容；
Step 2：结合指代意义分析备选项，代入文章确定正确答案。
方法指导
【图解技巧】
微技能4　相似结构找线索
句子还原型阅读的语篇类型多为说明文，文章结构一般为“总—分”或“总—分—总”的形式，第一段简要介绍，引出话题，中间几段从不同角度来介绍说明，最后一段多为总结，各段之间多是平行关系。在文章句式的使用上，有时会出现相似句型，所以可以根据上下文的相似句型和句子结构解题。
例　Do you want to learn how to improve yourself Here are several ways that can help you become better.
◆Read more books.
There are books on almost everything in the world. So reading more books can help you learn more. What's more, reading can also help you develop your interest and hobby.
◆1.________
It's never too late to learn a new language. Learning how to speak another language helps you think differently. It can also open up more doors for you.
技能精讲
◆Be kind and friendly to others.
It asks you to care about people around you. By doing so, you'll notice what people need, even when they don't say it.
A. Learn a new language.
B. Balance your breakfast.
C. Your parents will help you to be better.
剖析：空处属于标题句，根据画线小标题“Read more books.”和“Be kind and friendly to others.”可知其为祈使句句型，锁定A、B项，通读本段内容可知与学习新语言有关，分析备选项可知，A项符合语境。故选A。
若设空处属于标题句，可以利用其他标题句的结构来判断答案。若设空处属于描述细节或过渡用的句子，则可以观察空前、空后相同或相似的句型结构，利用相似结构选出正确答案。
方法指导
【图解技巧】
技能演示
解答这一题型，需掌握各个微技能的特点和解答技巧，具体可参考以下解题步骤：
Being confident isn't just about what you know or think; confidence comes from how you feel in your body too.
例题精讲
语篇解读 本文主要介绍了自信跟身体姿势的关系，旨在引导学生树立自信。
How you hold yourself matters
1．________ If your shoulders are hunched(耸肩) and your head is down, you feel differently to the way you feel when you're sitting or standing straight with your head up and your shoulders back. Try it for yourself. Sit or stand forward, and move your body to be more upright with your arms by your side and looking forwards.
剖析：1. 搜寻关键词。根据本段小标题“How you hold yourself matters”可知，本段与____________相关。结合备选项可知，________项符合语境。故选________。
坐姿和站姿
D
D
2. __________
Research has found that your body and brain are connected. When you stand with your back straight and legs apart, your body sends the message to your mind that you feel confident and strong.
剖析：2. 搜寻关键词。根据此标题下第一句“Research has found that your body and brain are connected.”并结合备选项可知，____项符合语境，此处为“______”和“________”的词汇复现。故选________。
A
body
brain
A
Your body language doesn't just influence how you feel. 3. __________ Think about someone you see as confident: how do they carry themselves Picture how they sit, stand or walk. And then see if you can do the same.
剖析：3. 明确指代关系。根据空前“Your body language doesn't just influence how you feel.”可知________项符合语境，________指代上句中的__________________。故选________。
F
It
Your body language
F
Take a power pose(姿势)
4. _____ Then you can take a power pose to make you feel more confident. Sit or stand up straight with both feet planted on the ground, and keep your head up, looking straight ahead and smiling.
剖析：4. 理清逻辑关系。根据空后“...take a power pose...feel more confident.”可知，后面讲述你可以摆一个有力的姿势，让自己感到更自信。因此前面应该讲的是____________，________项符合语境，与后文为________关系。故选________。
感到不自信
E
递进
E
5. ________ Then while you're doing the thing that makes you nervous, try to keep your shoulders down and your head up to help you keep the confident feeling.
剖析：5. 明确指代关系。根据空前“Sit or stand up straight ...keep your head up, looking straight ahead and smiling.”可知，________项符合语境，________指代上句内容。故选________。
B
this
B
A. Your body talks to your brain.
B. Do this for a couple of minutes.
C. But notice how it makes you feel.
D. How you sit or stand influences how you feel.
E. Before you do something new, you may not be confident.
F. It also tells other people how nervous or brave you feel.
实战演练
语篇类型：说明文　　|　　主题：做好上学的准备　|　　词数：268　|　　
难度：★★★☆☆　　|　　建议用时：9′　　 |　
Being ready for each school day can really be seen as a good habit. Making a clear plan in the morning can help you avoid lots of trouble at school.
1. ________
Get up at the same time every morning unless you want to be rushing around in the morning. Leave yourself plenty of time to get cleaned up, get dressed, and get your things together before you have to leave.
A. Wake up with your alarm.
B. Get up as early as possible.
C. Fried eggs only take a few minutes to make.
D. Make sure all the things are put into it.
E. Wash your face, brush your teeth, and tidy up your hair.
F. You can also make a sandwich with eggs and vegetables the night before.
A
1题Eat a good breakfast.
2题A good breakfast typically includes protein(蛋白质), fruit, and vegetables. 2. ______ 2题If you don't have time in the morning, you'd better make them ahead. 3. ___
3题And then put it in the fridge. All you have to do in the morning is heat it for about 10 seconds and it'll be good to go.
C
F
A. Wake up with your alarm.
B. Get up as early as possible.
C. Fried eggs only take a few minutes to make.
D. Make sure all the things are put into it.
E. Wash your face, brush your teeth, and tidy up your hair.
F. You can also make a sandwich with eggs and vegetables the night before.
1题4题Get dressed and ready.
4. _________ And it probably won't take you more than 10 or 15 minutes. Start by putting on the clothes that you laid out last night. If you have longer hair, you might want to pull it back so it's out of your way at school.
E
A. Wake up with your alarm.
B. Get up as early as possible.
C. Fried eggs only take a few minutes to make.
D. Make sure all the things are put into it.
E. Wash your face, brush your teeth, and tidy up your hair.
F. You can also make a sandwich with eggs and vegetables the night before.
1题Pack your bag according to your schedule(日程安排)．
According to your schedule,
5题put the books and other materials you'll need for the day in your bag. 5.______________ Check them over carefully.Then take out anything you won't need and leave it at home.
D
A. Wake up with your alarm.
B. Get up as early as possible.
C. Fried eggs only take a few minutes to make.
D. Make sure all the things are put into it.
E. Wash your face, brush your teeth, and tidy up your hair.
F. You can also make a sandwich with eggs and vegetables the night before.
本阅读语篇属于“人与自我”主题范畴下的“学习与生活”的主题群。通过介绍上学的每一天都应该做什么准备，旨在引导学生在日常学习生活中，合理规划自己的时间和安排计划，形成良好的生活习惯，同时向学生传递自律的生活观念。
素材解读