2024年中考英语二轮复习专题：简单句&并列句（上海专用）
·模块一 定义
·模块二 简单句的否定形式
·模块三 简单句的特殊疑问句形式
·模块四 简单句的否定疑问句形式
·模块五 简单句的反义疑问句形式
·模块六 简单句中的祈使句
·模块七 简单句中的感叹句
·模块八 并列句的常见考点分析
·模块九 2022、2023年上海市各区真题综合训练50题
由一套主谓结构构成的句子叫简单句。简单句分为4类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句。
全部否定：neither, neither…nor, none, nothing, nobody, no one
两者之间用neither of, neither…nor
他们两人没人懂英语。
Neither of them speaks English.
玛丽和约翰都不住在这里。
Neither Mary nor John is here.
三者及以上用none of, nothing, nobody, no one
这些答案没有一个是对的。
None of the answers is right.
没有人同意你所说的。
No one/Nobody agrees with you.
部分否定：both, all, many, every…not
他们两人不都去开会。
Not both of them will attend the meeting.
闪光的未必都是金子。
All that glitters is not gold.
使用否定副词表示否定，否定副词有：rarely, hardly, nearly, few, little, seldom, scarcely, never
我从来都不喜欢看《生活大爆炸》。
I never like to watch The Big Bang Theory.
他几乎不会说英语。
He hardly speaks English.
否定转移，常常与believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think连用
我们相信他做不到。
We don’t believe that he can do it.（详见宾语从句中相关语法解析）
who, whose为句首作主语，本身已经是陈述句语序了。
Who is in the classroom
Whose father works in Beijing
含有插入语的特殊疑问句的结构。
特殊疑问词+do you think/do you suppose/do you say+陈述句
When do you think he will come (他会来）
你刚提到他是做什么工作的？
What job did you mention he does
回答永远是以事实为依据，肯定yes, 否定no
她不是个医生吗？Isn't she a doctor
不，她是。Yes, she is.
回答原则：和否定疑问句一样，根据事实回答。
You are a boy, aren't you
Yes, I am. ___不，我是男孩。__________________
No, I am not. ___是的，我不是男孩__________________
提问原则：前肯后否、前否后肯。
Your mom hates Rock and Roll music, doesn’t she
含有have的动词反义疑问
have的反义疑问用法
解释为“有”时，反义疑问中用have/do的各类形式都可以
You have a car,don’t you/haven’t you
解释为“非有”，例如吃饭，喝水，遭受到，那必须用do/did等形式
She had her watch stolen, didn’t she
had better的反义疑问用法
You had better take off your shoes, hadn’t you
There be句型的反义疑问用法
There won’t be any trouble, will there
used to的反义疑问句
He used to live in London, usedn’t he (英式)
He used to live in LA, didn’t he (美式)
never, hardly, seldom, few, little在句中出现表达的是否定含义，反义疑问要用肯定形式
He has few buddies on QQ, does he/has he
something, anything, everything, nothing, this, that, 动名词以及不定式作主语时，反义疑问句中的代词使用it；everybody, nobody等做主语，代词使用they
Getting up early is important,isn’t it
Everybody likes Raymond, don’t they
these, those做主语时，反义疑问句中的代词使用they
These are not books, are they
我愿意wish句型，反义疑问句用may
I wish to go home now,may I
I don’t think/believe/expect否定转移的反义疑问，跟从句走
I don’t think he can finish the work,can he
You don’t think/He doesn’t believe/They don’t expect仍然遵循前否后肯原则，跟主语走
You think he can’t finish the work, don’t you
祈使句的反义疑问句
Let’s…, shall we
其他祈使句,will you
Open the window, will you
感叹句的反义疑问句，一律用be的一般现在时否定
What a funny man, isn’t he
今日事今日毕。
Finish what you start today.
祈使句+and/or/otherwise+一般将来时（详见第一章：时态）
好好努力，否则你考试会不及格的。
Work hard or you will fail.
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词、副词，公式如下：
What+(a/an)+(adj.)+n.+S+V!
How+adj./adv.+(the+n.)+v.!
★真题试炼★
The robot can help me sweep the floor. ______ smart invention it is!
A) What B) What a C) What an D) How
______ important it is for kids to imagine freely!
A) What B) What a C) What an D) How
定义：并列句是由and, but, or, so, for把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
★小试身手★
They see the trees but not the forest.
We’re here anyway and that’s lucky.
You are not listening, so I’ll shut up.
There will still be difficulties butwe can manage.
The sea can be blue or grey.
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
Hurry or you will miss the train.
I said it and I mean it.
The play began at eight, so we must have dinner at seven.
The days were short, for it was now December.
1．（2023·上海·一模）Jane, get up early, ________ you will miss the early bus.
A．or B．so C．but D．and
2．（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）— ________ will the Flight MU586 to Los Angeles take off
— In 2 hours.
A．How far B．How much C．How soon D．How long
3．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）—________ washed all of the clothes in the bathroom
—Dad did.
A．Whose B．Which C．Who D．What
4．（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）________ amazing it is to see so many various Rabbit lanterns during the festival!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
5．（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）________ brave the medical workers were in the battle against the disease!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
6．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）________ lovely the panda is! I really want to play with it at once.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
7．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）________ exciting news our class teacher has just told us!
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
8．（2023·上海静安·统考二模）________ creative idea you just give us! It will surely help us solve the problem quickly.
A．What a B．What C．What an D．How
9．（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）________ useful tips you’ve given us! We saved a lot of time doing the research.
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
10．（2023·上海·模拟预测）Leave the reference books behind, ________ you won’t be able to think yourself.
A．and B．or C．but D．then
11．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）Save and protect natural resources, ________ we’ll run out of them in the near future.
A．but B．so C．and D．or
12．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）“Peter, ________ your lesson again. The final exam is coming soon.” said Mum.
A．went over B．going over C．to go over D．go over
13．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）Hurry up, ________ you’ll be late for the movie with Susan.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
14．（2023·上海·一模）—________ do you usually visit your grandparents
—My parents and I go to visit them every week.
A．How far B．How long C．How fast D．How often
15．（2023·上海·模拟预测）—________ did it take you to finish reading the science fiction book
—Three days.
A．How often B．How long C．How much D．How soon
16．（2023·上海·模拟预测）—________ have the three Chinese astronauts stayed inside the Tiangong space station
—For six months.
A．How far B．How fast C．How long D．How soon
17．（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）— ________ will Kitty come back from the United States of America
—In about a week.
A．How often B．How much C．How long D．How soon
18．（2023·上海松江·统考二模）—Grandma, ________ do you love most in the world
—You, of course! My dear!
A．what B．why C．how D．who
19．（2023·上海·模拟预测）Many young people do business on TikTok in their free time, ________
A．are they B．aren’t they C．do they D．don’t they
20．（2023·上海金山·统考二模）— will you graduate from the junior middle school, Tom
—In about two months.
A．How fast B．How far C．How soon D．How often
21．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）—Excuse me, ________ is the platform from here
—About eight minutes’ walk.
A．how soon B．how often C．how long D．how far
22．（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）—________ white paint do you need to buy to decorate the new flat
—About three buckets.
A．How many B．How much C．How often D．How soon
23．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）—_______ did Mr. Wang draw during his stay in Paris
—Some nice pictures of Eiffel Tower.
A．When B．Which C．Why D．What
24．（2022·上海·模拟预测）You ________ worry about your mother. She will soon be better after taking some medicine.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
25．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）We have rules in the classroom. We must ________ or write on the desks and chairs.
A．draw B．to draw C．not draw D．not to draw
26．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）You’d better ________ too much time playing computer games.
A．not spend B．not to spend C．not spent D．not spending
27．（2023·上海金山·统考一模）________ important advice you’ve given me! It helps me arrange the time better.
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
28．（2023·上海黄浦·统考二模）________ surprise it was to see a horse running in the street！
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
29．（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）________ nice it is to drink a cup of coffee after long hours’ work!
A．What B．What a C．How D． How a
30．（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）________ shining the little girl is in her traditional Chinese dress on the stage!
A．What B．What a C．How D．How an
31．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）_________ great fun it is to have a five-day holiday on May Day!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
32．（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）______ important work he has done! We should be thankful for his help.
A．What B．How C．What a D．What an
33．（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）________ great progress you’ve made in painting!
A．What B．How a C．How D．What an
34．（2023·上海杨浦·统考二模）________ exciting speech the head teacher has made to us!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
35．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）________ stupid question he has asked! No one would like to speak to him.
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
36．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）________ awful weather we’ re having. It’s ridiculously hot!
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
37．（2023·上海·一模）Don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day.
A．so B．or C．but D．and
38．（2023·上海·一模）Jack, ________ to the front door to see if someone is knocking.
A．goes B．going C．go D．to go
39．（2023·上海杨浦·统考二模）Don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day.
A．so B．and C．but D．or
40．（2023·上海·一模）Computers are super calculators. They seldom give wrong answers, ________ they
A．don’t B．do C．didn’t D．did
41．（2023·上海青浦·统考一模）Cici is going to hike in the countryside with her colleagues, ________
A．isn’t she B．can’t she C．hasn’t she D．won’t she
42．（2023·上海·一模）—________ will Helen’s sister come back from the UK
—In two weeks.
A．How far B．How soon C．How often D．How long
43．（2023·上海浦东新·统考一模）— ________ are the trash and litter cleaned up in your neighbourhood
— Almost every day.
A．How much B．How soon C．How fast D．How often
44．（2023·上海松江·统考二模）Your father seldom punishes you for your mistakes, ________
A．does he B．doesn’t he C．is he D．isn’t he
45．（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）—________ does your brother go cycling after work
—Once a week.
A．How far B．How soon C．How long D．How often
46．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）— do you go swimming in a week
—Three times. Swimming really has lots of benefits.
A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How soon
47．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）—________ have you been a member of the Chess Club
—Since the first week I came to the school.
A．How far B．How long C．How fast D．How often
48．（2022·上海·模拟预测）It was a cold winter’s night. It ________ but it was very windy.
A．isn’t raining B．didn’t rain C．doesn’t rain D．wasn’t raining
49．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）We ________ any drinks because there is enough in the fridge.
A．needn’t to B．don’t need C．not need D．don’t need to
50．（2022春·上海黄浦·九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）Look! The light is still on in Mr. Smith’s office. He ________ his task.
A．isn’t finishing B．doesn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：简，早点起床，否则你会错过早班车的。
考查连词辨析。or或者；so因此；but但是；and和。此处是固定句式“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”，“get up early”和“miss the early bus”是转折关系，所以此句需用or。故选A。
2．C
【详解】句意：——飞往洛杉矶的MU586航班何时起飞？——两小时后。
考查特殊疑问词。How far多远；How much多少；How soon多快；How long多久。根据“In 2 hours.”可知，对将来的时间提问应用how soon。故选C。
3．C
【详解】句意：——谁洗了浴室里所有的衣服？——是爸爸。
考查特殊疑问句。whose谁的；which哪一个；who谁；what什么。根据“Dad did”可知，问是谁洗了浴室里所有的衣服，应用who。故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：在节日期间看到这么多各式各样的兔子灯真是太神奇了！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词amazing，应用how引导感叹句，符合结构“How+adj+主谓”，故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：医护人员在与疾病的斗争中是多么勇敢啊！
考查感叹句。中心词brave是形容词，用how引导的感叹句结构：how+形容词+主谓，故选A。
6．C
【详解】句意：熊猫多可爱啊！我真的很想马上跟它玩。
考查感叹句。根据“...lovely the panda is!”可知，本句强调的中心词是形容词“lovely”，用“How+adj+主谓！”句型表示，故选C。
7．A
【详解】句意：班主任刚刚告诉了我们一个多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词是不可数名词news，用“What+adj+不可数名词+主谓！”句型表示，故选A。
8．A
【详解】句意：你给了我们一个多么有创意的主意！它肯定会帮助我们迅速解决问题。
考查感叹句。根据“…creative idea you just give us!”可知原句是what引导的感叹句，其结构为：What+(a/an)+形容词+名词 (+主语+谓语)！由creative以辅音音素开头可知不定冠词用a。故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：你给我们的提示真有用！我们节约了很多时间在做研究上。
考查感叹句。由“…useful tips you’ve given us!”可知，句子需用感叹句：What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！故选B。
10．B
【详解】句意：把参考书放在一边，否则你就没法自己思考了。
考查并列连词词义辨析。and然后，并且；or或者，否则；but但是；then然后，副词。此处两句话需要一个连词，故排除D。根据“…you won’t be able to think yourself.”可知，or “否则”符合语境。故选B。
11．D
【详解】句意：节约和保护自然资源，否则我们将在不久的将来耗尽这些资源。
考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；and和；or否则。根据“Save and protect...we’ll run out of them”可知要节约和保护自然资源，否则我们会用光，用or连接。故选D。
12．D
【详解】句意：妈妈说“彼得，再复习一遍你的功课。期末考试快到了。”
考查祈使句的肯定形式。此句是祈使句的肯定形式，应填动词原形，故选D。
13．D
【详解】句意：快点，不然你和苏珊看电影要迟到了。
考查并列连词辨析。and而且；but但是；so所以；or否则。结合“Hurry up, ...you’ll be late for the movie with Susan.”可知，如果不快点，就会迟到，故用or，故选D。
14．D
【详解】句意：——你通常多久去看望一次你的祖父母？——我和父母每周都去看望他们。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远，对距离进行提问；How long多久，对时间段进行提问；How fast多快，对速度进行提问；How often多久一次，对频率进行提问。根据答语“every week”可知，问句是对频率进行提问，故选D。
15．B
【详解】句意：——你花了多长时间读完这本科幻小说？——三天。
考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How long多久，多长时间；How much多少；How soon多久以后。根据“Three days.”可知，此处是问多长时间。故选B。
16．C
【详解】句意：——三名中国宇航员在天宫空间站待了多长时间？ ——六个月。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How fast速度有多快；How long多长时间；How soon多久。根据“For six months.”可知，这里是问三名中国宇航员在天宫空间站待了多长时间。故选C。
17．D
【详解】句意：——凯蒂多久会从美国回来？——大约一周以后。
考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How much多少，后接不可数名词；How long多长；How soon还有多久。根据“In about a week.”可知，此处应用how soon提问，故选D。
18．D
【详解】句意：——祖母，世界上你最爱谁？——当然是你了！亲爱的！
考查特殊疑问句。what什么；why为什么；how怎么样；who谁。根据“You, of course!”可知，此处应针对人进行提问，故用who。故选D。
19．D
【详解】句意：许多年轻人空闲时间在TikTok上做生意，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句陈述句部分是肯定的，且谓语是实义动词do“做”，根据“前肯后否”的原则，疑问句部分需借助助动词do的否定don’t。故选D。
20．C
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你初中多久毕业？——两个月后。
考查特殊疑问句。how fast多快；how far多远；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根据“in about two months”可知答句为将来的时间，此处用How soon提问。故选C。
21．D
【详解】句意：——劳驾，请问站台离这儿有多远？——步行大约八分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。how soon多久；how often多久一次；how long多长；how far多远。根据答语“About eight minutes’ walk.”可知，对距离提问，用how far，故选D。
22．B
【详解】句意：——你需要买多少白漆来装饰这套新公寓？——大约三桶。
考查特殊疑问句。How many多少；How much多少；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后。答语“About three buckets.”表数量，且paint是不可数名词，故用How much提问。故选B。
23．D
【详解】句意：——王先生在巴黎期间画了什么？——一些埃菲尔铁塔的漂亮照片。
考查疑问词。When什么时候；Which哪一个；Why为什么；What什么。根据“Some nice pictures of Eiffel Tower.”可知，问句是对物品进行提问，故选D。
24．C
【详解】句意：你没必要担心你的母亲。她吃一些药之后很快会变好的。
考查情态动词。can’t不可能；mustn’t不准；needn’t没必要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“She will soon be better after taking some medicine”可知表达的是“没必要担心”，用“needn’ t”。故选C。
25．C
【详解】句意：我们在教室里有规则。我们不能在课桌和椅子上画画或写字。
考查情态动词后加动词原形的用法和否定句。情态动词must后应加原形动词draw，排除B和D；根据“We must...or write on the desks and chairs.”和选项可知，在课桌和椅子上画画或写字都是不对的，所以我们不能这么做，情态动词must后应加not表否定。故选C。
26．A
【详解】句意：你最好不要在玩电脑游戏上花太多时间。
考查情态动词had better。根据“You’d better…too much time playing computer games.”可知，本题考查情态动词had better+动词的原形，其否定形式是had better not+动词的原形。故选A。
27．A
【详解】句意：你给了我多么重要的建议啊！它帮助我更好地安排时间。
考查感叹句。根据“... important advice you’ve given me!”可知，本句是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词advice，因此用感叹句型“what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓”。故选A。
28．B
【详解】句意：看到一匹马在街上跑，真让人吃惊!
考查感叹句的结构。分析句子可知，本句的中心词是名词surprise，为可数名词，其读音以辅音开头，所以感叹句用what a。故选B。
29．C
【详解】句意：长时间工作后喝杯咖啡真好呀！
考查感叹句。根据“…nice it is to drink a cup of coffee after long hours’ work!”可知，该句是感叹句，中心词为形容词nice，所以该感叹句的句式为“How+形容词+主谓”，故选C。
30．C
【详解】句意：这个穿着中国传统服饰的小女孩在舞台上真是光彩照人！
考查感叹句。句子中心词是形容词shining，此处符合结构“How+形容词+主谓”，故选C。
31．B
【详解】句意：五一节放假五天是多么有趣啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是不可数名词fun，用感叹句结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓。故选B。
32．A
【详解】句意：他做了多么重要的工作！我们应该感谢他的帮助。
考查感叹句。分析句子可知，感叹句的中心词为不可数名词work，应使用what引导，其句型结构为：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语。故选A。
33．A
【详解】句意：你在绘画方面取得了多大的进步！
考查感叹句。中心词progress是名词，因此用what引导感叹句，排除B/C；progress是不可数名词，因此不用冠词，符合：What＋（形容词）＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！故选A。
34．D
【详解】句意：班主任对我们做了多么激动人心的演讲！
考查感叹句。在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词。根据“...exciting speech the head teacher has made to us!”可知此句考查What引导的感叹句，speech为可数名词，exciting是以元音音素开头，其前用an。 故选D。
35．B
【详解】句意：他问了一个多么愚蠢的问题！没有人愿意和他说话。
考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，中心词question是名词，因此感叹词用what引导，这里的question是单数，而stupid是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a修饰。符合：What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！故选B。
36．A
【详解】句意：天气真糟糕。天气热得离谱！
考查感叹句。根据“…awful weather we’ re having. It’s ridiculously hot!”可知此处为感叹句，感叹句的构成为“What+a/an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!”或“What+（形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!”或“How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语!”。中心词“weather”为不可数名词，可知用What引导感叹句。 故选A。
37．B
【详解】句意：不要熬夜太晚，否则第二天你会感到困倦。
考查连词辨析。so所以；or否则；but但是；and和。根据“Don’t stay up late, ... you will feel sleepy the next day.”可知，此处句型为“祈使句+or+陈述句”的结构，表示以祈使句为假设条件下的相反假设，意为“否则”。故选B。
38．C
【详解】句意：杰克，到前门去看看有没有人在敲门。
考查祈使句 。根据“to the front door to see...”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选C。
39．D
【详解】句意：不要熬夜，不然的话，你第二天就会感到困。
考查连词。so因此；and和；but但是；or否则。根据“Don’t stay up late”和“you will feel sleepy the next day”可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，or“否则”符合语境。故选D。
40．B
【详解】句意：计算机是超级计算器。他们很少给出错误的答案，是吗？
考查反义疑问句。反义疑问句遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”原则。当陈述部分带有no，never，nothing，nowhere，rarely，hardly，seldom，few，little等否定或半否定词时，附加问句用肯定式，所以排除A、C；本题试题是一般现在时，所以排除D。故选B。
41．A
【详解】句意：Cici将要和她的同事一起去乡下远足，不是吗？
考查反意疑问句。前面陈述句部分中有be动词is，因此疑问句中要将is改为isn’t。故选A。
42．B
【详解】句意：——Helen的妹妹多久将从英国回来？——两周之后。
考查特殊疑问句。 How far多远，询问距离；How soon多久，多久之后，答语应为时间点，常用“in+时间段”回答；How often多长时间一次，询问频度；How long多长时间，多长，对时间提问时，常用“for+时间段”或“时间段”回答。根据“In two weeks”可知，应用how soon 提问。故选B。
43．D
【详解】句意：——在你的社区垃圾和废物多久被清理一次？——几乎每天。
考查特殊疑问词。How much多少（对不可数名词数量提问）；How soon多久；How fast多快；How often多久一次。根据“Almost every day”可知，几乎每天是频率，疑问词应是How often。故选D。
44．A
【详解】句意：你父亲很少因为你的错误而惩罚你，是吗？
考查反意疑问句。根据seldom可知，陈述部分是否定，疑问部分用肯定，结合punishes可知，助动词用does，故选A。
45．D
【详解】句意：——你哥哥下班后多久骑一次自行车？——一周一次。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How soon多久以后；Hong long多长；How often多长时间一次。根据“Once a week一周一次”可知，这里问的是频度。故选D。
46．B
【详解】句意：——你一周游泳几次？ ——三次。游泳确实有很多好处。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长，是对长度或一段时间的提问；How often多久一次，是对频率进行的提问；How far多远，是对距离进行提问；How soon多久以后，常对动作还有多久发生进行提问，一般用于将来时，回答用in+时间段。根据答语“Three times.”可知，这里是对频率进行的提问，因此疑问词应用How often。故选B。
47．B
【详解】句意：——你加入国际象棋俱乐部多久了？——自从我来到学校的第一个星期。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远，是对距离进行提问；How long多长，是对长度或一段时间的提问；How fast多快，是对速度进行的提问；How often多久一次，是对频率进行的提问。根据答语“Since the first week I came to the school.”可知，是对时间段进行的提问，因此疑问词应用How long。故选B。
48．D
【详解】句意：那是一个寒冷的冬夜。虽然没有下雨，但风很大。
考查动词时态。根据前句“It was a cold winter’s night.”和空后句“but it was very windy.”的语境可知，空处表示过去的某个动作没有正在进行，故应用过去进行时的否定形式，构成形式为：wasn’t/weren’t doing；主语是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用wasn’t，rain的现在分词是raining。故选D。
49．B
【详解】句意：我们不需要任何饮料，因为冰箱里有足够的了。
考查动词。need“需要”，作为情态动词时，后面接动词原形，其否定形式为needn’t；作为实义动词时，后面接名词，代词或动词不定式作宾语，其否定形式为don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need。此处接名词any drinks作宾语，因此need作实义动词，主语we是复数形式，否定句需借助助动词don’t，即don’t need，故选B。
50．C
【详解】句意：看！史密斯先生办公室的灯还亮着。他还没完成他的任务。
考查谓语动词的时态。根据“The light is still on in Mr. Smith’s office”及语境可知，史密斯先生还没有完成工作，强调从过去一直持续到现在，对现在造成了结果，应用现在完成时。故选C。2024年中考英语二轮复习专题：简单句&并列句（上海专用）
·模块一 定义
·模块二 简单句的否定形式
·模块三 简单句的特殊疑问句形式
·模块四 简单句的否定疑问句形式
·模块五 简单句的反义疑问句形式
·模块六 简单句中的祈使句
·模块七 简单句中的感叹句
·模块八 并列句的常见考点分析
·模块九 2022、2023年上海市各区真题综合训练50题
由一套主谓结构构成的句子叫简单句。简单句分为4类：陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句。
全部否定：neither, neither…nor, none, nothing, nobody, no one
两者之间用neither of, neither…nor
他们两人没人懂英语。
______________ them ______________ English.
玛丽和约翰都不住在这里。
______________Mary ______________John ______________ here.
三者及以上用none of, nothing, nobody, no one
这些答案没有一个是对的。
______________the answers ______________ right.
没有人同意你所说的。
______________ with you.
部分否定：both, all, many, every…not
他们两人不都去开会。
______________them will attend the meeting.
闪光的未必都是金子。
All that glitters is not gold.
使用否定副词表示否定，否定副词有：rarely, hardly, nearly, few, little, seldom, scarcely, never
我从来都不喜欢看《生活大爆炸》。
I ______________ like to watch The Big Bang Theory.
他几乎不会说英语。
He ______________ speaks English.
否定转移，常常与believe, expect, imagine, suppose, think连用
我们相信他做不到。
We ______________ that he ______________ do it.（详见宾语从句中相关语法解析）
who, whose为句首作主语，本身已经是陈述句语序了。
Who is in the classroom
Whose father works in Beijing
含有插入语的特殊疑问句的结构。
特殊疑问词+do you think/do you suppose/do you say+陈述句
When do you think ______________ (他会来）
你刚提到他是做什么工作的？
What job did you mention ______________
回答永远是以事实为依据，肯定yes, 否定no
她不是个医生吗？______________
不，她是。______________
回答原则：和否定疑问句一样，根据事实回答。
You are a boy, ______________
Yes,______________. ——不，我是男孩。__________________
No, I ______________. ——是的，我不是男孩__________________
提问原则：前肯后否、前否后肯。
Your mom hates Rock and Roll music, ______________
含有have的动词反义疑问
have的反义疑问用法
解释为“有”时，反义疑问中用have/do的各类形式都可以
You have a car,______________
解释为“非有”，例如吃饭，喝水，遭受到，那必须用do/did等形式
She had her watch stolen, ______________
had better的反义疑问用法
You had better take off your shoes, ______________
There be句型的反义疑问用法
There won’t be any trouble, ______________
used to的反义疑问句
He used to live in London, usedn’t he (英式)
He used to live in LA, ______________(美式)
never, hardly, seldom, few, little在句中出现表达的是否定含义，反义疑问要用肯定形式
He has few buddies on QQ, ______________
something, anything, everything, nothing, this, that, 动名词以及不定式作主语时，反义疑问句中的代词使用it；everybody, nobody等做主语，代词使用they
Getting up early is important,______________
Everybody likes Raymond, ______________
these, those做主语时，反义疑问句中的代词使用they
These are not books, ______________
我愿意wish句型，反义疑问句用may
I wish to go home now,______________
I don’t think/believe/expect否定转移的反义疑问，跟从句走
I don’t think he can finish the work,______________
You don’t think/He doesn’t believe/They don’t expect仍然遵循前否后肯原则，跟主语走
You think he can’t finish the work, ______________
祈使句的反义疑问句
Let’s…, shall we
其他祈使句,will you
Open the window, ______________
感叹句的反义疑问句，一律用be的一般现在时否定
What a funny man, ______________
今日事今日毕。
______________ what you start today.
祈使句+and/or/otherwise+一般将来时（详见第一章：时态）
好好努力，否则你考试会不及格的。
Work hard ______________ you will fail.
感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情。
what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词、副词，公式如下：
What+(a/an)+(adj.)+n.+S+V!
How+adj./adv.+(the+n.)+v.!
★真题试炼★
The robot can help me sweep the floor. ______ smart invention it is!
A) What B) What a C) What an D) How
______ important it is for kids to imagine freely!
A) What B) What a C) What an D) How
定义：并列句是由and, but, or, so, for把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
★小试身手★
They see the trees ______________ not the forest.
We’re here anyway ______________ that’s lucky.
You are not listening, ______________ I’ll shut up.
There will still be difficulties ______________we can manage.
The sea can be blue ______________ grey.
It must have rained last night, ______________ the ground is wet.
Hurry ______________ you will miss the train.
I said it ______________ I mean it.
The play began at eight, ______________ we must have dinner at seven.
The days were short, ______________ it was now December.
1．（2023·上海·一模）Jane, get up early, ________ you will miss the early bus.
A．or B．so C．but D．and
2．（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）— ________ will the Flight MU586 to Los Angeles take off
— In 2 hours.
A．How far B．How much C．How soon D．How long
3．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）—________ washed all of the clothes in the bathroom
—Dad did.
A．Whose B．Which C．Who D．What
4．（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）________ amazing it is to see so many various Rabbit lanterns during the festival!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
5．（2023·上海浦东新·统考二模）________ brave the medical workers were in the battle against the disease!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
6．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）________ lovely the panda is! I really want to play with it at once.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
7．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）________ exciting news our class teacher has just told us!
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
8．（2023·上海静安·统考二模）________ creative idea you just give us! It will surely help us solve the problem quickly.
A．What a B．What C．What an D．How
9．（2023·上海青浦·统考二模）________ useful tips you’ve given us! We saved a lot of time doing the research.
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
10．（2023·上海·模拟预测）Leave the reference books behind, ________ you won’t be able to think yourself.
A．and B．or C．but D．then
11．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）Save and protect natural resources, ________ we’ll run out of them in the near future.
A．but B．so C．and D．or
12．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）“Peter, ________ your lesson again. The final exam is coming soon.” said Mum.
A．went over B．going over C．to go over D．go over
13．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）Hurry up, ________ you’ll be late for the movie with Susan.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
14．（2023·上海·一模）—________ do you usually visit your grandparents
—My parents and I go to visit them every week.
A．How far B．How long C．How fast D．How often
15．（2023·上海·模拟预测）—________ did it take you to finish reading the science fiction book
—Three days.
A．How often B．How long C．How much D．How soon
16．（2023·上海·模拟预测）—________ have the three Chinese astronauts stayed inside the Tiangong space station
—For six months.
A．How far B．How fast C．How long D．How soon
17．（2023·上海闵行·统考二模）— ________ will Kitty come back from the United States of America
—In about a week.
A．How often B．How much C．How long D．How soon
18．（2023·上海松江·统考二模）—Grandma, ________ do you love most in the world
—You, of course! My dear!
A．what B．why C．how D．who
19．（2023·上海·模拟预测）Many young people do business on TikTok in their free time, ________
A．are they B．aren’t they C．do they D．don’t they
20．（2023·上海金山·统考二模）— will you graduate from the junior middle school, Tom
—In about two months.
A．How fast B．How far C．How soon D．How often
21．（2023·上海虹口·统考二模）—Excuse me, ________ is the platform from here
—About eight minutes’ walk.
A．how soon B．how often C．how long D．how far
22．（2023·上海长宁·统考二模）—________ white paint do you need to buy to decorate the new flat
—About three buckets.
A．How many B．How much C．How often D．How soon
23．（2023·上海浦东新·统考三模）—_______ did Mr. Wang draw during his stay in Paris
—Some nice pictures of Eiffel Tower.
A．When B．Which C．Why D．What
24．（2022·上海·模拟预测）You ________ worry about your mother. She will soon be better after taking some medicine.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
25．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）We have rules in the classroom. We must ________ or write on the desks and chairs.
A．draw B．to draw C．not draw D．not to draw
26．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）You’d better ________ too much time playing computer games.
A．not spend B．not to spend C．not spent D．not spending
27．（2023·上海金山·统考一模）________ important advice you’ve given me! It helps me arrange the time better.
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
28．（2023·上海黄浦·统考二模）________ surprise it was to see a horse running in the street！
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
29．（2023·上海崇明·统考二模）________ nice it is to drink a cup of coffee after long hours’ work!
A．What B．What a C．How D． How a
30．（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）________ shining the little girl is in her traditional Chinese dress on the stage!
A．What B．What a C．How D．How an
31．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）_________ great fun it is to have a five-day holiday on May Day!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
32．（2023·上海奉贤·统考二模）______ important work he has done! We should be thankful for his help.
A．What B．How C．What a D．What an
33．（2023·上海普陀·统考二模）________ great progress you’ve made in painting!
A．What B．How a C．How D．What an
34．（2023·上海杨浦·统考二模）________ exciting speech the head teacher has made to us!
A．How B．What C．What a D．What an
35．（2023·上海杨浦·统考三模）________ stupid question he has asked! No one would like to speak to him.
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
36．（2023·上海黄浦·统考三模）________ awful weather we’ re having. It’s ridiculously hot!
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
37．（2023·上海·一模）Don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day.
A．so B．or C．but D．and
38．（2023·上海·一模）Jack, ________ to the front door to see if someone is knocking.
A．goes B．going C．go D．to go
39．（2023·上海杨浦·统考二模）Don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day.
A．so B．and C．but D．or
40．（2023·上海·一模）Computers are super calculators. They seldom give wrong answers, ________ they
A．don’t B．do C．didn’t D．did
41．（2023·上海青浦·统考一模）Cici is going to hike in the countryside with her colleagues, ________
A．isn’t she B．can’t she C．hasn’t she D．won’t she
42．（2023·上海·一模）—________ will Helen’s sister come back from the UK
—In two weeks.
A．How far B．How soon C．How often D．How long
43．（2023·上海浦东新·统考一模）— ________ are the trash and litter cleaned up in your neighbourhood
— Almost every day.
A．How much B．How soon C．How fast D．How often
44．（2023·上海松江·统考二模）Your father seldom punishes you for your mistakes, ________
A．does he B．doesn’t he C．is he D．isn’t he
45．（2023·上海徐汇·统考二模）—________ does your brother go cycling after work
—Once a week.
A．How far B．How soon C．How long D．How often
46．（2023·上海嘉定·统考二模）— do you go swimming in a week
—Three times. Swimming really has lots of benefits.
A．How long B．How often C．How far D．How soon
47．（2023·上海宝山·统考二模）—________ have you been a member of the Chess Club
—Since the first week I came to the school.
A．How far B．How long C．How fast D．How often
48．（2022·上海·模拟预测）It was a cold winter’s night. It ________ but it was very windy.
A．isn’t raining B．didn’t rain C．doesn’t rain D．wasn’t raining
49．（2022·上海徐汇·统考二模）We ________ any drinks because there is enough in the fridge.
A．needn’t to B．don’t need C．not need D．don’t need to
50．（2022春·上海黄浦·九年级上海外国语大学附属大境初级中学校考期中）Look! The light is still on in Mr. Smith’s office. He ________ his task.
A．isn’t finishing B．doesn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish
