2024年中考英语二轮复习专题：阅读理解（主旨大意、推理判断）（上海专用）
·模块一 主旨大意题解题技巧
·模块二 推理判断题解题技巧
·模块三 2023、2024上海名校真题专练
1.题型特点
要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而获取文章中隐藏的信息。
2.主旨大意题主要的设问方式
①What’s the main idea of this passage
②What does the passage mainly tell us
③What does the passage mainly discuss
④The writer means to tell us that .
⑤The main idea of the passage is that .
⑥The passage is mainly about .
⑦From the passage we can learn/conclude that .
⑧The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with .
⑨What’s the best title for the passage
⑩What would be the best title for the passage
The best title for the passage is .
3.主旨大意题的解题技巧
(1)留心关键词,抓住文章主旨;串联主要细节,推断文章中心思想。所谓关键词,即文章中反复出现的、与主题有关的诸如名词、动词等,冠词或介词等词均不在关键词之列。需要注意的是,为了避免同一词的过多重复,文章有时会使用这个词的同义词、近义词或代词指代。我们知道,并不是所有文章都包含明确的主题句,比如大多数的记叙文。记叙文的中心思想多隐藏在具体的细节中,作者通过众多的细节事实对一个中心点进行论述。因此,我们必须善于串联主要细节,从中归纳文章的中心思想。
(2)注意段落主题句,归纳文章大意。
段落的主题通常由被称为主题句的句子来表示。主题句有两个功能:①介绍段落的主题;②阐述控制概念,控制概念用以控制段落中句子讨论的内容。
主题句通常是一段的第一句或末尾一句,偶尔在一段中间。我们在阅读非故事性文章如科普文章的时候,主题句尤为明显。有的文章无明显的主题句,主题句隐含在段意之中。
①主题句位于段首
主题句位于段首是由作者先立论点,后摆事实讲道理的写作手法形成的。这种段落称作演绎型段落。据有关统计数字表明,在英语议论文或说明文中,有60%~90%的主题句是段落的第一句。
a.寻找主题句
有些段落有明显的引出细节的信息词,常见的信息词有:for example,an example of,the most important example,first,second,next,then,last,finally,to begin with,also,besides that等。
在阅读中,应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。如果无明显的信息词,可先假设第一句为主题句,在第二句前面添加一个for example,看看第二句是否可以支撑第一句话,如果第二句不能支撑第一句话,便在其他地方找出主题句。
b.选择答案
先彻底弄懂主题句的句意,然后阅读所给的选项,选择与主题句句意相吻合的答案,如主题句的再现,主题句句意的复述或推论等,排除与主题句句意无关的答案,如支撑细节和文章中未曾阐述的事实等。
例1.(首段）Every day there is less and less space on Earth for rubbish. Yet every day we make more and more rubbish. What can we do We can recycle some of our rubbish. Recycling means that the rubbish will be made into something that can be used again.
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Cans should be melted down. B.Old newspapers can be reused.
C.We can build benches that last 400 years. D.We should recycle everything that we can.
D 主旨大意题。文章第一段中作者提出自己的观点,我们应该回收利用垃圾。通读全文,作者还介绍了几种垃圾回收的方法。D项表示我们要把能回收的东西都回收,符合题意。故选D项。
②主题句位于段末
主题句位于段末是作者采用了先摆事实,后做结论的手法。这种段落称作归纳型段落。
③主题句位于段落的中间
主题句偶尔也出现在段落的中间,但不一定就在正中间。有时,第一句并非主题句,而是承上启下的过渡句。在这种情况下,第二句便成了主题句。此外,主题句也可能是段落的倒数第二句。
例2.(尾段)Despite decisions this year by Australia and New Zealand to stop wireless operators(无线设备)from using Huawei to build their 5G networks, Hu expressed confidence that the company’s technology is “significantly more advanced”than that of its rivals(对手),giving it a head start of 12 to 18 months and the ability to attract new customers.
What is the best title for this passage
A.Huawei is still a leader in 5G development although facing troubles.
B.Most foreign countries stop using Huawei’s 5G technology and equipment.
C.Huawei’s CFO Ms. Wanzhou Meng is under arrest in Canada.
D.The advanced and rapid development of 5G technology is made by Huawei.
A 主旨大意题。由最后一段中的Hu expressed confidence that the company’s technology is “significantly more advanced” than that of its rivals(对手),giving it a head start of 12 to 18 months and the ability to attract new customers可知,虽然现在华为面对困难,但是华为仍然是5G技术的领导者。
1.题型特点
推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。
2.推理判断题主要的设问方式
①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that...
②Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage
③The writer suggests that...
④The writer uses the example of...to show that...
⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward...
⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
⑦From the passage,we know...
⑧The writer probably agrees that...
3.推理判断题的解题技巧
中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的句子,而且还要求能理解句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不能直接从原文中找到答案,必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断。完成推理判断题,通常应注意以下两点:
(1)特别留心特定细节
所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。
(2)注意作者的语气和态度
作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感彩比较浓重的形容词和副词,特别留心短文句子的长度和结构。从措辞上我们可以推断出作者对所讨论话题的态度;从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气。
例1.But in fact, the best early education that parents can give their children is usually very cheap. They should teach their children the most important skills to help them become confident, happy and clever. Parents can achieve this by teaching children practical skills like cooking, washing and doing other chores. Teaching children to cook will improve many skills that they will need later in life. Cooking needs patience and time. It s an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and finish his job successfully. His result, a great dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of self-confidence.
Why does the writer think teaching practical skills is important to children
A.Because it can make children rich and famous.
B.Because it can help children find good jobs in the future.
C.Because it can help children become a better person in the future.
D.Because it can provide them with enjoyable and relaxing experiences.
C 推理判断题。由第二段中的第二、三句可知,培养实用的技能可以让孩子们成为更好的人,所以答案为C。
例2.People’s choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies’ reactions toward them. Green is said to be the most relaxing color. It can make people relaxed. Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites. Many restaurant owners will decorate their restaurants with red things. Red is also a color that can catch a person’s eye easily. That is why some shopping websites always have red“BUY NOW”buttons. Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to lose weight, using blue bowls and plates may be helpful.
Which of the following is mentioned in the text
A.Why the Egyptians like red and blue.
B.What Chinese people think of black.
C.Why shopping websites have red“BUY NOW”buttons.
D.What the most popular colors for young people are.
C 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的“That is why some shopping websites always have red ‘BUY NOW’ buttons.”可知应选C。
（2023上·上海杨浦·九年级统考期中）Danny is reading an infographic.
1．An infographic is similar to ________.
A．an information sheet B．an advertisement C．a letter D．a notice
2．The subtitle for the box could be ________
A．Why do we need sugar B．What does sugar do to our body
C．How much sugar do we need every day D．Who needs sugar most in our daily life
3．Look at the boy on the right. He has taken in about ________ grams of sugar the whole day.
A．75 B．120 C．280 D．310
4．What can we learn about sugar from the infographic
A．There are 7 grams of sugar in 330 ml of orange juice.
B．A woman can eat as much sugar a day as a man can.
C．China eats more sugar for each person than the USA does.
D．400 ml of rice milk has less sugar than 400 ml of grape juice.
5．What can be a reason why the list of “Sugar that is hidden in foods and drinks” is put in the infographic
A．To help us understand how sugar hurts our body.
B．To show what kinds of foods and drinks are popular with children.
C．To tell us that we often have more sugar than we can without knowing it.
D．To let us know how much sugar is enough to make foods and drinks taste good.
6．Which of the following could be another part in the infographic
A．How can we reduce our sugar intake
B．What good is sugar
C．What’s the difference between natural sugar and added sugar
D．Are you aware of hidden sugar in your diets
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍糖的危害以及一些隐藏在食物和饮料中的糖的情况。
1．推理判断题。根据“Danny is reading an infographic.”及文章的理解可知，本文是通过一份信息图表介绍糖对身体的危害，类似于一份资料，故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据图片内容展示可知，提到了“getting fat, sleeping less well, heart problems...”，这些都是健康问题，因此此处应是介绍糖对我们的身体的影响，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据图标内容可知，“ice cream (66g)”，“cheesecake (95g)”，“cola (330ml)”以及“1 teaspoon=4g of sugar”可知，四个冰淇淋相当于16勺糖，相当于64g糖，一瓶330ml的可乐相当于9勺多糖，那么1L的可乐大约相当于28勺糖，相当于112g糖，一块95g的奶酪蛋糕相当于5勺糖，那么一块500g的奶酪蛋糕相当于26勺糖，相当于105g糖，所以这个男孩今天摄入了64+112+105=281g糖，即大约280g糖，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“rice milk (400 ml)”和“grape juice (400 ml)”显示的含糖量可知，400毫升米浆的含糖量比400毫升葡萄汁的含糖量要少。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“Sugar that is hidden in foods and drinks”可知，隐藏在食物和饮料中的糖是为了告诉我们，我们经常在不知情的情况下摄入过多的糖。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据信息表的展示可知，介绍了糖对身体的危害以及隐藏在食物和饮料中的糖之后，接下来应该是介绍如何减少糖的摄入量，故选A。
（2024上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期末）
Nowadays many people go camping for fun. Camping can be enjoyed in the backyard or deep in the wilderness. Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.
Endless fun
Once the tent, your base, is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities. At night, campers often sit by the fire, talking and telling stories. If the weather turns rainy, campers usually wait it out in their tents, reading, drawing or playing games.
Required equipment
Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary. Deciding what else you will need depends on the kind of camping trip you are planning and the length of your trip. Pack light if you are going to carry equipment any distance. Clothing should be prepared enough to protect against weather and insects. A hat, whistle, bug repellent (驱虫剂) and rope may come in handy. Don’t forget a flashlight, a compass, cookers and a first-aid box.
Various tents
There are many types and styles of tents. You should choose your tent based on your needs. If you are camping alone in the backyard, a simple lean-to or small tent may do. If you are camping with your family, a larger cabin tent or camping trailer may be best.
Proper locations
Where you decide to set up your campsite is very important. Look for a high and dry location if it rains. The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on. A sunny exposure (接触) in the morning with shade in the afternoon is ideal.
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Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you. If you are in a park, make sure to follow its rules. Put your garbage and waste in rubbish bins. If you are in the wilderness, keep noise to a minimum and do not disturb the plants or animals.
7．Before campers take up some fun activities, they should ________.
A．go fishing and hiking B．chat around the fire C．set up their base D．wait for the rain
8．According to the passage, which item is essential for camping
A．A skirt. B．A blanket. C．A hat. D．A rope.
9．If the camper faces a strong wind, which kind of tent might be the best choice
A．Lean-to tents. B．Pup tents. C．Alpine tents. D．Dome tents.
10．The underlined word “level” probably means “________”.
A．rough B．steep C．high D．flat
11．Which of the following is the best to be filled in the blank
A．Green camping B．Park rules C．Plant protectors D．Animal lovers
12．The main purpose of this passage is to ________.
A．call on more people to take up camping
B．introduce the advantages and disadvantages of camping
C．offer some suggestions on how to prepare for camping
D．remind people to follow the rules of camping
【答案】7．C 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．A 12．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何准备露营提供一些建议。
7．细节理解题。根据“Endless fun”下的“Once the tent, your base, is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities.”可知，在露营者开始一些有趣的活动之前，他们应该建立自己的基地。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“Required equipment”下的“Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary.”并结合选项可知，毯子是露营必不可少的。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据“Various tents”下的“Alpine tents safe for extreme weather”可知，如果露营者面临强风，那么最好选择Alpine tents。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据“The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on.”可知，地面要平整，因为在山上和岩石上睡觉不舒服，所以level的含义是“平的”，D项符合。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据“Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you.”可知，此处是露营与环保之间的关系，所以A项符合。故选A。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.”可知，文章就如何准备露营提供一些建议。故选C。
（2024上·上海长宁·九年级统考期末）Welcome to the American Museum of Natural History, a place filled with amazing things to discover. The following will help you make the most of your visit.
Location:
Address: 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024.
Nearest Subway Stations: 81st Street-Museum of Natural History (B and C lines) and 86th Street (l line).
Tickets and Hours:
Museum hours are typically from 10: 00 A．M. to 5: 45 P.M. daily.
You can decide how much to pay for your ticket, but it’s good to pay the suggested amount. It’s a good idea to buy your tickets online to avoid long lines.
Must-See Exhibits:
Dinosaurs: Feel amazed at the huge dinosaur skeletons in the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs.
The Blue Whale: See the life-sized model of a blue whale in the Milstein Hall of Ocean Life.
The Rose Center for Earth and Space: Explore the universe in the Hayden Planetarium and visit the famous “Dark Universe” show.
Fossils: Discover the wonders of ancient life in the Fossil Halls, where you’ll find prehistoric creatures and even a T-Rex!
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The museum is vast, so plan to spend at least half a day exploring the exhibits. Check the daily schedule for special exhibitions, guided tours, and different shows. Take a museum map at the entrance to help you navigate the massive building.
Photography:
Photography is allowed in most areas, but be mindful of the “No Photography” signs in certain exhibition halls.
Nearby Attractions:
After your museum visit, take a walk in Central Park, or explore other cool places nearby like the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Visiting the American Museum of Natural History is like going on a big adventure! Whether you’re a science history lover or traveling with family, this museum offers something for everyone. Enjoy your visit!
13．What type of text is the passage
A．A travel report. B．A diary. C．A tourist guide. D．A survey
14．You can visit the American Museum of Natural History ________.
A．at 11: 00 A．M. on Sunday B．in Central Park East
C．for free D．by taking A Line
15．If you are interested in space, you can go to ________.
A．the Hayden Planetarium B．the Fossil Halls
C．the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs D．the Milstein Hall of Ocean Life
16．What can be filled in the blank
A．Explore the exhibits B．Fun for families C．Eating time D．Plan your visit
17．Which of the following about the American Museum of Natural History is NOT TRUE
A．Taking a map helps to visit the museum better.
B．You can’t take photographs in most exhibition halls.
C．There are some other attractions nearby.
D．You can buy the museums tickets online to avoid long waiting.
18．The purpose of the material is to ________.
A．give advice to the tourists B．provide information of the museum
C．introduce a famous course D．offer more services in the museum
【答案】13．C 14．A 15．A 16．D 17．B 18．B
【导语】本文介绍了美国自然历史博物馆一些信息，便于大家参观。
13．推理判断题。文中介绍了美国自然历史博物馆一些信息，便于大家参观，所以本文是旅游指南，故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据文中“Museum hours are typically from 10: 00 A.M. to 5: 45 P.M. daily.”可知，你可以在周日上午11点参观美国自然历史博物馆，故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据文中“The Rose Center for Earth and Space: Explore the universe in the Hayden Planetarium and visit the famous ‘Dark Universe’ show.”可知，如果你对太空感兴趣，你可以去海登天文馆，故选A。
16．推理判断题。根据文中“The museum is vast, so plan to spend at least half a day exploring the exhibits.”可知，博物馆很大，要做好参观计划，选项D“计划你的参观”符合语境，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据文中“Photography is allowed in most areas”可知，大多数地区都允许拍照，选项B表达错误，故选B。
18．主旨大意题。根据文中“The following will help you make the most of your visit.”可知，这篇材料的目的是提供博物馆的信息，故选B。
（2024上·上海金山·九年级统考期末）
Welcome to Ruby Café!
Are you looking for a place to eat, but feeling bad about leaving your dog at home Come to Ruby Café —your dog is welcome here! We offer delicious meals and coffee. You can also celebrate any special event with your friends. You can even get pet cakes and cookies to celebrate your dog’s birthday!
Our customers say…
I came here for breakfast on a weekend with my puppies. I had coffee and French toast. My dogs had pet cookies. The cafe gave my puppies some meatballs as a gift. We all enjoyed the food. It’s an amazing place and I highly recommend it!
— Mandy, October 16, 2023
The food here was great. I also loved the decoration of this cafe. There was only one waitress, so she was running around. It took a long time to order but it was worth the wait. The cafe closes at 3 p.m. , but sometimes they run out of food before then.
— Victoria, September 4, 2023
Location: 3824 Saint-Patrick Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Opening Hours: 8 a.m.—3 p.m.
For more information: ●Website:
● Phone: (514)938-8899.
● Email: info@
19．What makes Ruby Café special
A．It offers meals and coffee for customers. B．Both owners and their dogs are welcome.
C．People can celebrate their birthday there. D．Customers can bake pet cakes themselves.
20．What didn’t Mandy order when she visited Ruby Cafe
A．Coffee. B．French toast. C．Meatballs. D．Pet cookies
21．What can be inferred (推断) from Victoria’s comment
A．The café sells beautiful decorations as well.
B．Customers always complain about the waiting time.
C．The café may run out of food because of it’s popular.
D．Victoria suggests visiting the café after 3 p.m.
22．What information is NOT provided about Ruby Café
A．The cafe’s location. B．Its opening hours.
C．Contact phone number. D．Food and drinks menu.
23．Why does the material include “Our customers say…”
A．To influence the other customers. B．To describe the cafe’s food in detail.
C．To display the cafe’s historical background. D．To provide special price for customers.
24．In which section of a newspaper would you most likely find the material
A．Sports section. B．Fashion section C．Education section. D．Advertisement section.
【答案】19．B 20．C 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了Ruby咖啡馆，以及一些顾客对它的评价。
19．细节理解题。根据“Are you looking for a place to eat, but feeling bad about leaving your dog at home Come to Ruby Café —your dog is welcome here! ”可知，这个咖啡馆的特别之处是顾客和他们的狗都欢迎，故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据“The cafe gave my puppies some meatballs as a gift”可知，她没有给她的小狗点肉丸，故选C。
21．推理判断题。根据“The cafe closes at 3 p.m. , but sometimes they run out of food before then.”可知，这个店因为食物卖完了提前关门，推断咖啡馆可能会因为太受欢迎而没有食物了。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Location: 3824 Saint-Patrick Street, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaOpening Hours: 8 a.m.—3 p.m. ● Phone: (514)938-8899.”可知，文中介绍了咖啡店的地址，营业时间以及联系电话，没有介绍其食物菜单，故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据“It’s an amazing place and I highly recommend it!”和“The food here was great. I also loved the decoration of this cafe.”可知，文中列出的都是顾客们对该店的正面评价，所以是为了吸引其他客户的，故选A。
24．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了Ruby咖啡馆，以及一些顾客对它的评价，是一个宣传广告，故选D。
（2024·上海宝山·统考一模）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Tutors (Full time/Part-time) HAPPY CLASSROOM Job duties: 1. Teaching primary school students Chinese, English, and Mathematics 2. Preparing teaching materials 3. Answering parents’ and students’ questions Location: City Centre Requirement (要求): University graduate Please contact Miss Cheng at 3313 3313 on or before 16 August. Fashion DesignerKIDS’ WORLD Responsibilities: ☆ Designing kids’ clothing ☆ Doing research on the latest fashion styles ☆Communicating with customers Job requirements: ☆At least three years’ experience in the fashion industry ☆ Creative and hard-working Location: If you are interested, you may send your resume (简历) to Mr Zhang Room 402, Sunshine Building, 17 Green Road 3313 on or before 16 August.
Secret Corner CafeAre you cheerful, polite, detail-minded and responsible If yes, join us! We are located in Seaside Town. Our customers love the peaceful and relaxing environment here. We are now looking for a shopkeeper, who needs to help keep the cafe clean and tidy, keep good relationships with our customers and sell our food and drinks. Working on public holidays is required. Would you like to work with us Please send an email to Mr Li at sccafe@.
25．Jason’s sister wants to teach English. She can probably contact ________.
A．Mr Li B．Miss Cheng C．Mr Zhang D．her English teacher
26．KIDS’ WORLD is a place which sells __________.
A．tasty seafood and drinks B．different kinds of teaching materials
C．fashionable clothes for children D．research papers on latest fashion styles
27．The shopkeeper probably need NOT ________ at the Secret Corner Café .
A．keep the cafe clean and tidy B．get along well with customers
C．welcome customers warmly D．prepare the food and drinks for customers
28．Which of the following applicants (申请人) meets the need of the job requirements
A．Jack applies for KIDS’ WORLD．He has just graduated from university.
B．Gary wants to work for Secret Comer Cafe. He can’t work on public holidays.
C．Emily is an experienced fashion designer. She loves communicating with customers.
D．Jason’s sister wants to work as a part-time tutor. She is afraid of talking with parents.
29．The applicants can NOT find ________ from the noticeboard.
A．ways to apply for the jobs B．the salaries of the jobs
C．the names of the companies D．the responsibilities of the jobs
30．The main purpose of the material is to __________.
A．sell different kinds of products B．attract students to join different clubs
C．provide different job opportunities D．share useful information among graduates
【答案】25．B 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了几则招聘广告。
25．细节理解题。根据“Teaching primary schoolstudents Chinese, English, and Mathematics...Please contact Miss Cheng at 3313”可知如果想教英语，可以联系Miss Cheng。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据“KIDS’ WORLD Designing kids’ clothing”可知KIDS’ WORLD是一个为儿童销售时尚服装的地方。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“We are now looking for a shopkeeper, who needs to help keep the cafe clean and tidy, keep good relationships with our customers and sell our food and drinks”可知店长需要帮助保持咖啡馆的干净整洁，与我们的顾客保持良好的关系，并出售我们的食物和饮料。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据“☆Communicating with customers”以及“☆At least three years’ experience in the fashion industry”可知时装设计师需要有经验，和顾客交流，选项C“Emily是一位经验丰富的时装设计师。她喜欢与顾客交流”符合时装设计师的要求。故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据“Please contact Miss Cheng at 33133313”可知提到了申请工作的方式；根据“HAPPY CLASSROOM”可以提到了公司的名字；根据“Job duties”可知提到了工作职责。故选B。
30．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了几则招聘广告，提供了不同的工作机会。故选C。
（2024·上海嘉定·统考一模）
Joel Sartore is a writer, teacher, and photographer. His words and beautiful images show his love of photography and of the natural world.
Question 1: How did you become a National Geographic photographer
My first job was for a newspaper. After a few years there, I met a National Geographic photographer. He liked my photos and said I should send some to the magazine. So I did. That led to a one-day job. And that led to a nine-day job, and so on.
Question 2: __________________________________________
To get into National Geographic, you have to give them something they don’t have. It’s not enough just to be a great photographer. You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or spend maybe several days in a tree.
Question 3: Is it hard to get a job as a photographer today
It’s now harder to work for magazines. Technology makes it easy to take good pictures, which means there are more photos and photographers. Also, the Web is filled with photos from all around the world that are free, or cost very little. These photos are often good enough to be put in books and magazines. What the magazines need to do these days is to pay for these photos.
Question 4: I want to be a photographer. Do you have any advice for me
Advice Well, work hard. Be passionate (热情的) about every project you work on. Take lots of pictures in different situations. Look at others’ photos thoughtfully and learn from them. And be curious about everything. There’s something to photograph everywhere.
31．What kind of passage is it
A．An interview. B．A story. C．A quiz. D．An advertisement.
32．Joel Sartore used to _____________________.
A．teach in a school B．work as a scientist
C．work for a newspaper D．work in a forest
33．Which of the following can be Question 2
A．Why do you want to work for National Geographic
B．What do National Geographic photographers like to do
C．What kind of photos do you give to National Geographic
D．What kind of photographer is National Geographic looking for
34．How many reasons did Joel Sartore mention in his answer to Question 3
A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4
35．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______________.
A．Take as many photos as possible
B．There is beauty everywhere
C．It’s easy to be a good photographer
D．Photographers should travel everywhere
36．Who is most likely to be employed by National Geographic
A．Hanson, a photographer who has worked for many magazines.
B．Bowie, a photographer who learnt to take photos at an early age.
C．Marina, a photographer who is good at science and diving.
D．Jason, a photographer who keeps developing skills and ideas.
【答案】31．A 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．B 36．C
【导语】本文是一篇关于Joel Sartore工作的采访。
31．推理判断题。本文是一问一答的方式，因此是采访，故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据“My first job was for a newspaper”可知过去是为新闻报纸工作，故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or spend maybe several days in a tree.”可知本段在说仅仅成为一名好的摄影师是不够的，你还必须是一名科学家，或者能够潜入海冰下，或者在树上呆上几天。因此应是提问《国家地理》的摄影师要做的内容是什么，故选B。
34．细节理解题。根据“Technology makes it easy to take good pictures, which means there are more photos and photographers. Also, the Web is filled with photos from all around the world that are free, or cost very little”可知说明了两种原因，故选B。
35．词句猜测题。根据“And be curious about everything. There’s something to photograph everywhere.”可知是指到处都是美，都可以拍照。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据“To get into National Geographic, you have to give them something they don’t have. It’s not enough just to be a great photographer. You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or spend maybe several days in a tree.”可知擅长科学和潜水的摄影师更可能被雇佣，故选C。
（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Every year thousands of young people leave school for a few weeks or months and enjoy an unusual type of educational program. What they learn during this time does not come from books. They learn new skills by living in a different country and doing unusual jobs. There are several organizations that help students to find the experience they are looking for. The job description table below shows a few possibilities for students.
Country Job Time Description
India Teaching young children Two months Teach music and art * Help children to learn how to communicate
Ghana Health care worker Three months * See how doctors work in a less developed country * Help care for sick people
Thailand Saving elephants Three weeks * Cleaning elephants * Helping train elephants
One interesting possibility is helping elephants in Thailand. ① Most people think of elephants as animals in zoos or circuses. ② Now, hundreds of them are homeless. ③ These gentle animals are often found on the streets as they do not have owners to care for them. ④ Although they may look well, they are often in poor health and don’t have enough to eat.
One center in Thailand cares for these elephants. It provides a safe and natural living space for them. When they are at the center, they stay in a building but are free to walk around. Students come from all over the world to help here. The students helpers work with the elephant keepers. These keepers train the students in caring for the elephants. In the morning, they go to the forest together and lead the elephants to the center. They clean them and give them food. In the afternoon, they take the animals back into the forest for the night. Helping at the center is interesting and the young people learn a lot.
37．How long does the educational program in Ghana last
A．Two months B．Three months C．Three weeks D．Two weeks
38．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the educational program
A．It enables students to learn new skills B．It can enrich students’ experience
C．It offers a wide range of choices D．It doesn’t require time away from home.
39．Where should this sentence go in the second paragraph However, many elephants are no longer kept in captivity.
A．after sentence① B．after sentence ② C．after sentence ③ D．after sentence ④
40．The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refers to .
A．Thailand B．the center C．the elephant D．living space
41．What do students probably do if they join the “Saving elephants” program
① feed elephants② clean elephants③ train elephants④ride elephants
A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①② D．①②③④
42．Which of the following might be the best slogan（标语）for educational program
A．Working with animals is great fun!
B．A step closer to realizing your dream!
C．A job can be a learning experience!
D．Learning outside school is difficult!
【答案】37．B 38．D 39．A 40．B 41．C 42．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了几个不同国家所提供的为了让学生在不同领域获得不同经验的一些项目，重点介绍了泰国的关爱大象项目。
37．细节理解题。根据“Three months”可知加纳的项目持续三个月。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据“They learn new skills”可知学生们能学到新技能，排除A；根据“find the experience they are looking for”可知能够丰富学生的经历，排除B；根据“The job description table below shows a few possibilities for students.”可知给学生提供了广泛的选择，排除C。故选D。
39．推理判断题。根据“Most people think of elephants as animals in zoos or circuses”以及“Now, hundreds of them are homeless”可知大多数人认为大象是动物园或马戏团里的动物，但是现在大象不再被圈养，数百只大象无家可归，由此可推知，“然而，许多大象不再被圈养”可放在第一句后面。故选A。
40．词义猜测题。根据“One center in Thailand cares for these elephants. It provides a safe and natural living space for them.”可知泰国的一个中心照顾这些大象，它为他们提供了一个安全自然的生活空间，故此处it指代“一个中心”。故选B。
41．细节理解题。根据“In the morning, they go to the forest together and lead the elephants to the center. They clean them and give them food. In the afternoon, they take the animals back into the forest for the night”可知早上，他们一起去森林，把大象带到中心，他们清洗它们并给它们食物，下午，他们把动物带回森林过夜，即①②。故选C。
42．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了几个不同国家所提供的为了让学生在不同领域获得不同经验的一些项目，重点介绍了泰国的关爱大象项目，故本文的标语可为：工作可以是一种学习体验。故选C。
（2023上·上海普陀·九年级校考期末）Lisa Ratliff has been a crossing guard (交通指挥员) at Castle Hills Elementary School, in Lewisville, Texas, for the past seven years. As a crossing guard, Miss Lisa doesn’t only keep kids safe. She makes sure everyone who crosses her path has a better day. Miss Lisa is known in the community for smiling and waving at everyone, whether the person is a kid, a parent or someone just walking by.
“I love helping others, interacting and getting involved with all the kids,” Miss Lisa said. “I don’t have any kids of my own, so this is my way of giving back. If I can make the mornings easier and better for everyone, that’s what I want.”
Miss Lisa’s favourite part of being a crossing guard is that, “every day, there is a different special moment. I just love watching the little ones grow up and come back to see me. It’s a big family.” She has a special memory of the time a group of kindergarteners surprised her with a news team to recognize her for her work.
Avery McCain is a third grader at Castle Hills. She agrees that Miss Lisa is a hometown hero. Avery recalls (回忆) one time when she happened to be saved by Miss Lisa after she started walking home in the wrong direction. Avery says she doesn’t know where she would have ended up without Miss Lisa’s help.
One of Miss Lisa’s favourite places to go after her crossing-guard shift (轮班) is Sophia’s Coffee Shop. “There’s not one word that describes Lisa,” says Sophia Lee, the owner of the shop. “She cares for everyone. She makes sure that everyone is okay. She even carries food for people’s dogs and cats. She knows everyone and is so sincere. People in this neighbourhood look up to (仰慕) her.”
Miss Lisa admits that the pandemic has been challenging for her. She missed seeing some of the schoolchildren, and sometimes it was hard to wear a mask out in the heat. She is looking forward to the school year starting back up. She’s already helped some parents of kindergarteners learn the new routine (常规).
Without a doubt, everyone at Castle Hills Elementary will be happy to see Miss Lisa’s smiling face again. She has inspired so many people. She will continue to change the world with her positive attitude and concern for others.
43．According to the article, this is the ________ year that Lisa Ratliff has worked as a crossing guard at Castle Hills Elementary School.
A．sixth B．seventh C．eighth D．ninth
44．By doing her job, Miss Lisa wants to make sure that ________.
A．her own child is kept safe B．only children are allowed to cross her path
C．everyone who walks by has an easier morning D．everyone smiles and waves at the kids passing by
45．Miss Lisa’s favourite part of her job is ________.
A．getting to know all of the people in her town
B．having her work get recognized by news teams
C．going to Sophia’s Coffee Shop following her shift
D．being able to create special memories with the kids
46．Avery’s example in paragraph 4 was used to show that ________.
A．kids are happy to meet Miss Lisa every morning
B．children often get lost on their way home from school
C．Miss Lisa is quite familiar with the roads in her community
D．Miss Lisa is a good person who likes to help people who are in trouble
47．According to Sophia Lee, Miss Lisa is a(n) ________ person.
A．careful and polite B．helpful and caring
C．ordinary and boring D．busy and hard-working
48．What kind of problem has Miss Lisa recently been facing
A．The closing of schools because of the pandemic.
B．The possibility of losing her job after the pandemic.
C．The challenging situation of having to wear masks out in hot weather.
D．The fact that many parents of kindergarteners don’t know how to get to the school.
【答案】43．C 44．C 45．D 46．D 47．B 48．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了交警丽莎的故事。
43．推理判断题。根据第一段“Lisa Ratliff has been a crossing guard at Castle Hills Elementary School, in Lewisville, Texas, for the past seven years.”可知，丽莎在过去的七年里一直是德克萨斯州路易斯维尔城堡山小学的一名交警，由“过去的七年”可知，今年是她在这里工作的第八年。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段“If I can make the mornings easier and better for everyone, that’s what I want.”可知，她确保每个遇到她的人都有美好的清晨，选项C“每个走过的人都有一个更轻松的早晨”符合。故填C。
45．细节理解题。根据第三段“every day, there is a different special moment. I just love watching the little ones grow up and come back to see me. It’s a big family.”可知，她就是喜欢看着孩子们长大，D选项“能够和孩子们一起创造特别的回忆”符合。故选D。
46．推理判断题。根据第四段“Avery says she doesn’t know where she would have ended up without Miss Lisa’s help.”可知，丽莎帮助她找到了回家的路，所以本段向读者展示，丽莎经常帮助陷入麻烦的人。故选D。
47．推理判断题。根据第五段“She cares for everyone. She makes sure that everyone is okay. She even carries food for people’s dogs and cats. She knows everyone and is so sincere.”可知，她是善良的人，且愿意关心他人。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据第六段“it was hard to wear a mask out in the heat.”可知，疫情期间在炎热的天气里戴口罩也很困难。故选C。2024年中考英语二轮复习专题：阅读理解（主旨大意、推理判断）（上海专用）
·模块一 主旨大意题解题技巧
·模块二 推理判断题解题技巧
·模块三 2023、2024上海名校真题专练
1.题型特点
要求在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这种题型时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题,都需要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断,从而获取文章中隐藏的信息。
2.主旨大意题主要的设问方式
①What’s the main idea of this passage
②What does the passage mainly tell us
③What does the passage mainly discuss
④The writer means to tell us that .
⑤The main idea of the passage is that .
⑥The passage is mainly about .
⑦From the passage we can learn/conclude that .
⑧The last paragraph is chiefly concerned with .
⑨What’s the best title for the passage
⑩What would be the best title for the passage
The best title for the passage is .
3.主旨大意题的解题技巧
(1)留心关键词,抓住文章主旨;串联主要细节,推断文章中心思想。所谓关键词,即文章中反复出现的、与主题有关的诸如名词、动词等,冠词或介词等词均不在关键词之列。需要注意的是,为了避免同一词的过多重复,文章有时会使用这个词的同义词、近义词或代词指代。我们知道,并不是所有文章都包含明确的主题句,比如大多数的记叙文。记叙文的中心思想多隐藏在具体的细节中,作者通过众多的细节事实对一个中心点进行论述。因此,我们必须善于串联主要细节,从中归纳文章的中心思想。
(2)注意段落主题句,归纳文章大意。
段落的主题通常由被称为主题句的句子来表示。主题句有两个功能:①介绍段落的主题;②阐述控制概念,控制概念用以控制段落中句子讨论的内容。
主题句通常是一段的第一句或末尾一句,偶尔在一段中间。我们在阅读非故事性文章如科普文章的时候,主题句尤为明显。有的文章无明显的主题句,主题句隐含在段意之中。
①主题句位于段首
主题句位于段首是由作者先立论点,后摆事实讲道理的写作手法形成的。这种段落称作演绎型段落。据有关统计数字表明,在英语议论文或说明文中,有60%~90%的主题句是段落的第一句。
a.寻找主题句
有些段落有明显的引出细节的信息词,常见的信息词有:for example,an example of,the most important example,first,second,next,then,last,finally,to begin with,also,besides that等。
在阅读中,应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。如果无明显的信息词,可先假设第一句为主题句,在第二句前面添加一个for example,看看第二句是否可以支撑第一句话,如果第二句不能支撑第一句话,便在其他地方找出主题句。
b.选择答案
先彻底弄懂主题句的句意,然后阅读所给的选项,选择与主题句句意相吻合的答案,如主题句的再现,主题句句意的复述或推论等,排除与主题句句意无关的答案,如支撑细节和文章中未曾阐述的事实等。
例1.(首段）Every day there is less and less space on Earth for rubbish. Yet every day we make more and more rubbish. What can we do We can recycle some of our rubbish. Recycling means that the rubbish will be made into something that can be used again.
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Cans should be melted down. B.Old newspapers can be reused.
C.We can build benches that last 400 years. D.We should recycle everything that we can.
②主题句位于段末
主题句位于段末是作者采用了先摆事实,后做结论的手法。这种段落称作归纳型段落。
③主题句位于段落的中间
主题句偶尔也出现在段落的中间,但不一定就在正中间。有时,第一句并非主题句,而是承上启下的过渡句。在这种情况下,第二句便成了主题句。此外,主题句也可能是段落的倒数第二句。
例2.(尾段)Despite decisions this year by Australia and New Zealand to stop wireless operators(无线设备)from using Huawei to build their 5G networks, Hu expressed confidence that the company’s technology is “significantly more advanced”than that of its rivals(对手),giving it a head start of 12 to 18 months and the ability to attract new customers.
What is the best title for this passage
A.Huawei is still a leader in 5G development although facing troubles.
B.Most foreign countries stop using Huawei’s 5G technology and equipment.
C.Huawei’s CFO Ms. Wanzhou Meng is under arrest in Canada.
D.The advanced and rapid development of 5G technology is made by Huawei.
1.题型特点
推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。
2.推理判断题主要的设问方式
①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that...
②Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage
③The writer suggests that...
④The writer uses the example of...to show that...
⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward...
⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
⑦From the passage,we know...
⑧The writer probably agrees that...
3.推理判断题的解题技巧
中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的句子,而且还要求能理解句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不能直接从原文中找到答案,必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断。完成推理判断题,通常应注意以下两点:
(1)特别留心特定细节
所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实。它一般包括事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。
(2)注意作者的语气和态度
作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感彩比较浓重的形容词和副词,特别留心短文句子的长度和结构。从措辞上我们可以推断出作者对所讨论话题的态度;从句式的长短和结构可以判断出作者讨论问题的语气。
例1.But in fact, the best early education that parents can give their children is usually very cheap. They should teach their children the most important skills to help them become confident, happy and clever. Parents can achieve this by teaching children practical skills like cooking, washing and doing other chores. Teaching children to cook will improve many skills that they will need later in life. Cooking needs patience and time. It s an enjoyable but difficult experience. A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and finish his job successfully. His result, a great dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of self-confidence.
Why does the writer think teaching practical skills is important to children
A.Because it can make children rich and famous.
B.Because it can help children find good jobs in the future.
C.Because it can help children become a better person in the future.
D.Because it can provide them with enjoyable and relaxing experiences.
例2.People’s choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies’ reactions toward them. Green is said to be the most relaxing color. It can make people relaxed. Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites. Many restaurant owners will decorate their restaurants with red things. Red is also a color that can catch a person’s eye easily. That is why some shopping websites always have red“BUY NOW”buttons. Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to lose weight, using blue bowls and plates may be helpful.
Which of the following is mentioned in the text
A.Why the Egyptians like red and blue.
B.What Chinese people think of black.
C.Why shopping websites have red“BUY NOW”buttons.
D.What the most popular colors for young people are.
（2023上·上海杨浦·九年级统考期中）Danny is reading an infographic.
1．An infographic is similar to ________.
A．an information sheet B．an advertisement C．a letter D．a notice
2．The subtitle for the box could be ________
A．Why do we need sugar B．What does sugar do to our body
C．How much sugar do we need every day D．Who needs sugar most in our daily life
3．Look at the boy on the right. He has taken in about ________ grams of sugar the whole day.
A．75 B．120 C．280 D．310
4．What can we learn about sugar from the infographic
A．There are 7 grams of sugar in 330 ml of orange juice.
B．A woman can eat as much sugar a day as a man can.
C．China eats more sugar for each person than the USA does.
D．400 ml of rice milk has less sugar than 400 ml of grape juice.
5．What can be a reason why the list of “Sugar that is hidden in foods and drinks” is put in the infographic
A．To help us understand how sugar hurts our body.
B．To show what kinds of foods and drinks are popular with children.
C．To tell us that we often have more sugar than we can without knowing it.
D．To let us know how much sugar is enough to make foods and drinks taste good.
6．Which of the following could be another part in the infographic
A．How can we reduce our sugar intake
B．What good is sugar
C．What’s the difference between natural sugar and added sugar
D．Are you aware of hidden sugar in your diets
（2024上·上海浦东新·九年级统考期末）
Nowadays many people go camping for fun. Camping can be enjoyed in the backyard or deep in the wilderness. Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.
Endless fun
Once the tent, your base, is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities. At night, campers often sit by the fire, talking and telling stories. If the weather turns rainy, campers usually wait it out in their tents, reading, drawing or playing games.
Required equipment
Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary. Deciding what else you will need depends on the kind of camping trip you are planning and the length of your trip. Pack light if you are going to carry equipment any distance. Clothing should be prepared enough to protect against weather and insects. A hat, whistle, bug repellent (驱虫剂) and rope may come in handy. Don’t forget a flashlight, a compass, cookers and a first-aid box.
Various tents
There are many types and styles of tents. You should choose your tent based on your needs. If you are camping alone in the backyard, a simple lean-to or small tent may do. If you are camping with your family, a larger cabin tent or camping trailer may be best.
Proper locations
Where you decide to set up your campsite is very important. Look for a high and dry location if it rains. The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on. A sunny exposure (接触) in the morning with shade in the afternoon is ideal.
5
Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you. If you are in a park, make sure to follow its rules. Put your garbage and waste in rubbish bins. If you are in the wilderness, keep noise to a minimum and do not disturb the plants or animals.
7．Before campers take up some fun activities, they should ________.
A．go fishing and hiking B．chat around the fire C．set up their base D．wait for the rain
8．According to the passage, which item is essential for camping
A．A skirt. B．A blanket. C．A hat. D．A rope.
9．If the camper faces a strong wind, which kind of tent might be the best choice
A．Lean-to tents. B．Pup tents. C．Alpine tents. D．Dome tents.
10．The underlined word “level” probably means “________”.
A．rough B．steep C．high D．flat
11．Which of the following is the best to be filled in the blank
A．Green camping B．Park rules C．Plant protectors D．Animal lovers
12．The main purpose of this passage is to ________.
A．call on more people to take up camping
B．introduce the advantages and disadvantages of camping
C．offer some suggestions on how to prepare for camping
D．remind people to follow the rules of camping
（2024上·上海长宁·九年级统考期末）Welcome to the American Museum of Natural History, a place filled with amazing things to discover. The following will help you make the most of your visit.
Location:
Address: 200 Central Park West, New York, NY 10024.
Nearest Subway Stations: 81st Street-Museum of Natural History (B and C lines) and 86th Street (l line).
Tickets and Hours:
Museum hours are typically from 10: 00 A．M. to 5: 45 P.M. daily.
You can decide how much to pay for your ticket, but it’s good to pay the suggested amount. It’s a good idea to buy your tickets online to avoid long lines.
Must-See Exhibits:
Dinosaurs: Feel amazed at the huge dinosaur skeletons in the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs.
The Blue Whale: See the life-sized model of a blue whale in the Milstein Hall of Ocean Life.
The Rose Center for Earth and Space: Explore the universe in the Hayden Planetarium and visit the famous “Dark Universe” show.
Fossils: Discover the wonders of ancient life in the Fossil Halls, where you’ll find prehistoric creatures and even a T-Rex!
4 :
The museum is vast, so plan to spend at least half a day exploring the exhibits. Check the daily schedule for special exhibitions, guided tours, and different shows. Take a museum map at the entrance to help you navigate the massive building.
Photography:
Photography is allowed in most areas, but be mindful of the “No Photography” signs in certain exhibition halls.
Nearby Attractions:
After your museum visit, take a walk in Central Park, or explore other cool places nearby like the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Visiting the American Museum of Natural History is like going on a big adventure! Whether you’re a science history lover or traveling with family, this museum offers something for everyone. Enjoy your visit!
13．What type of text is the passage
A．A travel report. B．A diary. C．A tourist guide. D．A survey
14．You can visit the American Museum of Natural History ________.
A．at 11: 00 A．M. on Sunday B．in Central Park East
C．for free D．by taking A Line
15．If you are interested in space, you can go to ________.
A．the Hayden Planetarium B．the Fossil Halls
C．the Hall of Saurischian Dinosaurs D．the Milstein Hall of Ocean Life
16．What can be filled in the blank
A．Explore the exhibits B．Fun for families C．Eating time D．Plan your visit
17．Which of the following about the American Museum of Natural History is NOT TRUE
A．Taking a map helps to visit the museum better.
B．You can’t take photographs in most exhibition halls.
C．There are some other attractions nearby.
D．You can buy the museums tickets online to avoid long waiting.
18．The purpose of the material is to ________.
A．give advice to the tourists B．provide information of the museum
C．introduce a famous course D．offer more services in the museum
（2024上·上海金山·九年级统考期末）
Welcome to Ruby Café!
Are you looking for a place to eat, but feeling bad about leaving your dog at home Come to Ruby Café —your dog is welcome here! We offer delicious meals and coffee. You can also celebrate any special event with your friends. You can even get pet cakes and cookies to celebrate your dog’s birthday!
Our customers say…
I came here for breakfast on a weekend with my puppies. I had coffee and French toast. My dogs had pet cookies. The cafe gave my puppies some meatballs as a gift. We all enjoyed the food. It’s an amazing place and I highly recommend it!
— Mandy, October 16, 2023
The food here was great. I also loved the decoration of this cafe. There was only one waitress, so she was running around. It took a long time to order but it was worth the wait. The cafe closes at 3 p.m. , but sometimes they run out of food before then.
— Victoria, September 4, 2023
Location: 3824 Saint-Patrick Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Opening Hours: 8 a.m.—3 p.m.
For more information: ●Website:
● Phone: (514)938-8899.
● Email: info@
19．What makes Ruby Café special
A．It offers meals and coffee for customers. B．Both owners and their dogs are welcome.
C．People can celebrate their birthday there. D．Customers can bake pet cakes themselves.
20．What didn’t Mandy order when she visited Ruby Cafe
A．Coffee. B．French toast. C．Meatballs. D．Pet cookies
21．What can be inferred (推断) from Victoria’s comment
A．The café sells beautiful decorations as well.
B．Customers always complain about the waiting time.
C．The café may run out of food because of it’s popular.
D．Victoria suggests visiting the café after 3 p.m.
22．What information is NOT provided about Ruby Café
A．The cafe’s location. B．Its opening hours.
C．Contact phone number. D．Food and drinks menu.
23．Why does the material include “Our customers say…”
A．To influence the other customers. B．To describe the cafe’s food in detail.
C．To display the cafe’s historical background. D．To provide special price for customers.
24．In which section of a newspaper would you most likely find the material
A．Sports section. B．Fashion section C．Education section. D．Advertisement section.
（2024·上海宝山·统考一模）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)
Tutors (Full time/Part-time) HAPPY CLASSROOM Job duties: 1. Teaching primary school students Chinese, English, and Mathematics 2. Preparing teaching materials 3. Answering parents’ and students’ questions Location: City Centre Requirement (要求): University graduate Please contact Miss Cheng at 3313 3313 on or before 16 August. Fashion DesignerKIDS’ WORLD Responsibilities: ☆ Designing kids’ clothing ☆ Doing research on the latest fashion styles ☆Communicating with customers Job requirements: ☆At least three years’ experience in the fashion industry ☆ Creative and hard-working Location: If you are interested, you may send your resume (简历) to Mr Zhang Room 402, Sunshine Building, 17 Green Road 3313 on or before 16 August.
Secret Corner CafeAre you cheerful, polite, detail-minded and responsible If yes, join us! We are located in Seaside Town. Our customers love the peaceful and relaxing environment here. We are now looking for a shopkeeper, who needs to help keep the cafe clean and tidy, keep good relationships with our customers and sell our food and drinks. Working on public holidays is required. Would you like to work with us Please send an email to Mr Li at sccafe@.
25．Jason’s sister wants to teach English. She can probably contact ________.
A．Mr Li B．Miss Cheng C．Mr Zhang D．her English teacher
26．KIDS’ WORLD is a place which sells __________.
A．tasty seafood and drinks B．different kinds of teaching materials
C．fashionable clothes for children D．research papers on latest fashion styles
27．The shopkeeper probably need NOT ________ at the Secret Corner Café .
A．keep the cafe clean and tidy B．get along well with customers
C．welcome customers warmly D．prepare the food and drinks for customers
28．Which of the following applicants (申请人) meets the need of the job requirements
A．Jack applies for KIDS’ WORLD．He has just graduated from university.
B．Gary wants to work for Secret Comer Cafe. He can’t work on public holidays.
C．Emily is an experienced fashion designer. She loves communicating with customers.
D．Jason’s sister wants to work as a part-time tutor. She is afraid of talking with parents.
29．The applicants can NOT find ________ from the noticeboard.
A．ways to apply for the jobs B．the salaries of the jobs
C．the names of the companies D．the responsibilities of the jobs
30．The main purpose of the material is to __________.
A．sell different kinds of products B．attract students to join different clubs
C．provide different job opportunities D．share useful information among graduates
（2024·上海嘉定·统考一模）
Joel Sartore is a writer, teacher, and photographer. His words and beautiful images show his love of photography and of the natural world.
Question 1: How did you become a National Geographic photographer
My first job was for a newspaper. After a few years there, I met a National Geographic photographer. He liked my photos and said I should send some to the magazine. So I did. That led to a one-day job. And that led to a nine-day job, and so on.
Question 2: __________________________________________
To get into National Geographic, you have to give them something they don’t have. It’s not enough just to be a great photographer. You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or spend maybe several days in a tree.
Question 3: Is it hard to get a job as a photographer today
It’s now harder to work for magazines. Technology makes it easy to take good pictures, which means there are more photos and photographers. Also, the Web is filled with photos from all around the world that are free, or cost very little. These photos are often good enough to be put in books and magazines. What the magazines need to do these days is to pay for these photos.
Question 4: I want to be a photographer. Do you have any advice for me
Advice Well, work hard. Be passionate (热情的) about every project you work on. Take lots of pictures in different situations. Look at others’ photos thoughtfully and learn from them. And be curious about everything. There’s something to photograph everywhere.
31．What kind of passage is it
A．An interview. B．A story. C．A quiz. D．An advertisement.
32．Joel Sartore used to _____________________.
A．teach in a school B．work as a scientist
C．work for a newspaper D．work in a forest
33．Which of the following can be Question 2
A．Why do you want to work for National Geographic
B．What do National Geographic photographers like to do
C．What kind of photos do you give to National Geographic
D．What kind of photographer is National Geographic looking for
34．How many reasons did Joel Sartore mention in his answer to Question 3
A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4
35．The underlined sentence in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______________.
A．Take as many photos as possible
B．There is beauty everywhere
C．It’s easy to be a good photographer
D．Photographers should travel everywhere
36．Who is most likely to be employed by National Geographic
A．Hanson, a photographer who has worked for many magazines.
B．Bowie, a photographer who learnt to take photos at an early age.
C．Marina, a photographer who is good at science and diving.
D．Jason, a photographer who keeps developing skills and ideas.
（2023上·上海浦东新·九年级上海市实验学校校考期中）Every year thousands of young people leave school for a few weeks or months and enjoy an unusual type of educational program. What they learn during this time does not come from books. They learn new skills by living in a different country and doing unusual jobs. There are several organizations that help students to find the experience they are looking for. The job description table below shows a few possibilities for students.
Country Job Time Description
India Teaching young children Two months Teach music and art * Help children to learn how to communicate
Ghana Health care worker Three months * See how doctors work in a less developed country * Help care for sick people
Thailand Saving elephants Three weeks * Cleaning elephants * Helping train elephants
One interesting possibility is helping elephants in Thailand. ① Most people think of elephants as animals in zoos or circuses. ② Now, hundreds of them are homeless. ③ These gentle animals are often found on the streets as they do not have owners to care for them. ④ Although they may look well, they are often in poor health and don’t have enough to eat.
One center in Thailand cares for these elephants. It provides a safe and natural living space for them. When they are at the center, they stay in a building but are free to walk around. Students come from all over the world to help here. The students helpers work with the elephant keepers. These keepers train the students in caring for the elephants. In the morning, they go to the forest together and lead the elephants to the center. They clean them and give them food. In the afternoon, they take the animals back into the forest for the night. Helping at the center is interesting and the young people learn a lot.
37．How long does the educational program in Ghana last
A．Two months B．Three months C．Three weeks D．Two weeks
38．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the educational program
A．It enables students to learn new skills B．It can enrich students’ experience
C．It offers a wide range of choices D．It doesn’t require time away from home.
39．Where should this sentence go in the second paragraph However, many elephants are no longer kept in captivity.
A．after sentence① B．after sentence ② C．after sentence ③ D．after sentence ④
40．The underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refers to .
A．Thailand B．the center C．the elephant D．living space
41．What do students probably do if they join the “Saving elephants” program
① feed elephants② clean elephants③ train elephants④ride elephants
A．①③④ B．②③④ C．①② D．①②③④
42．Which of the following might be the best slogan（标语）for educational program
A．Working with animals is great fun!
B．A step closer to realizing your dream!
C．A job can be a learning experience!
D．Learning outside school is difficult!
（2023上·上海普陀·九年级校考期末）Lisa Ratliff has been a crossing guard (交通指挥员) at Castle Hills Elementary School, in Lewisville, Texas, for the past seven years. As a crossing guard, Miss Lisa doesn’t only keep kids safe. She makes sure everyone who crosses her path has a better day. Miss Lisa is known in the community for smiling and waving at everyone, whether the person is a kid, a parent or someone just walking by.
“I love helping others, interacting and getting involved with all the kids,” Miss Lisa said. “I don’t have any kids of my own, so this is my way of giving back. If I can make the mornings easier and better for everyone, that’s what I want.”
Miss Lisa’s favourite part of being a crossing guard is that, “every day, there is a different special moment. I just love watching the little ones grow up and come back to see me. It’s a big family.” She has a special memory of the time a group of kindergarteners surprised her with a news team to recognize her for her work.
Avery McCain is a third grader at Castle Hills. She agrees that Miss Lisa is a hometown hero. Avery recalls (回忆) one time when she happened to be saved by Miss Lisa after she started walking home in the wrong direction. Avery says she doesn’t know where she would have ended up without Miss Lisa’s help.
One of Miss Lisa’s favourite places to go after her crossing-guard shift (轮班) is Sophia’s Coffee Shop. “There’s not one word that describes Lisa,” says Sophia Lee, the owner of the shop. “She cares for everyone. She makes sure that everyone is okay. She even carries food for people’s dogs and cats. She knows everyone and is so sincere. People in this neighbourhood look up to (仰慕) her.”
Miss Lisa admits that the pandemic has been challenging for her. She missed seeing some of the schoolchildren, and sometimes it was hard to wear a mask out in the heat. She is looking forward to the school year starting back up. She’s already helped some parents of kindergarteners learn the new routine (常规).
Without a doubt, everyone at Castle Hills Elementary will be happy to see Miss Lisa’s smiling face again. She has inspired so many people. She will continue to change the world with her positive attitude and concern for others.
43．According to the article, this is the ________ year that Lisa Ratliff has worked as a crossing guard at Castle Hills Elementary School.
A．sixth B．seventh C．eighth D．ninth
44．By doing her job, Miss Lisa wants to make sure that ________.
A．her own child is kept safe B．only children are allowed to cross her path
C．everyone who walks by has an easier morning D．everyone smiles and waves at the kids passing by
45．Miss Lisa’s favourite part of her job is ________.
A．getting to know all of the people in her town
B．having her work get recognized by news teams
C．going to Sophia’s Coffee Shop following her shift
D．being able to create special memories with the kids
46．Avery’s example in paragraph 4 was used to show that ________.
A．kids are happy to meet Miss Lisa every morning
B．children often get lost on their way home from school
C．Miss Lisa is quite familiar with the roads in her community
D．Miss Lisa is a good person who likes to help people who are in trouble
47．According to Sophia Lee, Miss Lisa is a(n) ________ person.
A．careful and polite B．helpful and caring
C．ordinary and boring D．busy and hard-working
48．What kind of problem has Miss Lisa recently been facing
A．The closing of schools because of the pandemic.
B．The possibility of losing her job after the pandemic.
C．The challenging situation of having to wear masks out in hot weather.
D．The fact that many parents of kindergarteners don’t know how to get to the school.
