专题07 六选四（阅读还原）（16区二模新题速递）
目 录
2023·上海秋考·真题 2024·上海虹口·二模
2024·上海杨浦·二模 2024·上海宝山·二模
2024·上海浦东·二模 2024·上海奉贤·二模
2024·上海青浦·二模 2024·上海闵行·二模
2024·上海黄浦·二模 2024·上海金山·二模
2024·上海普陀·二模 2024·上海嘉定·二模
2024·上海徐汇·二模 2024·上海长宁·二模
2024·上海松江·二模 2024·上海崇明·二模
2024·上海静安·二模
2023·上海秋考·真题
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A flexible schedule allows students to work whenever and wherever they learn best. B. Even postgraduate students have the opportunity to take advantage of a competitive program. C. It's clear to see how homeschooling, even if done primarily online , isn't the same as online learning. D. There may have been limited resources available when the homeschooling movement was fist adopted. E. One of the main differences between online school and homeschool is that online schools still employ teachers. F. Many misconceptions may continue to build around the two, including mistaking a stake of digitized worksheets for online classrooms.
The Difference Between Homeschooling and Schooling at Home
Homeschooling is not a new concept, Families have chosen this as a primary source of education for decades. Whether they live in a remote urea, travel often, or believe they can provide a more stable education for their children, parents chose to take control of their child's education by providing it at home.
(67)__________ Parents relied on workbooks and other printed materials to supplement their lessons, Today, there aren't only more tangible resources, but there's also help in the form of tutoring centers and homeschooling pods --- where a group of homeschooled children get together to learn as a class.
While the idea of homeschooling may not be as foreign as it once was, it's still centered around replacing the teacher with a parent or guardian, Some parents who choose to homeschool may be former teachers , which makes the process a little easier, but it still may not be enough in certain areas.
(68)______________When many districts were forced to conduct school online , teachers(68)dove in to learn how to navigate various learning management systems, There are a number of online charter schools who are already familiar with these platforms and use them to assign and track student work and progress, Even with an asynchronous learning model, Laurel Springs School teachers are available during office hours to answer questions and may hold various Classes for additional learning support.
Similar to homeschooling , online school is based around a student's individualized learning journey. (69 )________ This allows them time lo pursue other passions and develop a more independent outlook by taking ownership of their education
To take it a few steps further, accredited online schools, like Laurel Springs, support this leaning journey with a diverse K-l2 curriculum and instructional support. There are options for,more rigorous instruction through Honors and Ap courses. The Academy at Laurel Springs Laurel delivers an exceptional education for intellectually curious scholars. ( 70 )__________ Laurel Springs is also staffed with an impeccable counseling team, guiding Upper School students through their learning journey along a path to achieve their personal and professional goals. You can't get all of this through a homeschool program, unless you consult with a wide variety of other organizations.
2024·上海杨浦·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Fight against Fast Furniture
Fast furniture is a term that refers to furniture that is produced cheaply and quickly. These items are often bad for the environment because they are made from materials that break easily and need to be replaced often. __________47__________
To help protect the environment, a movement to move away from fast furniture has begun. Many companies are joining the fight by finding cleaner ways to manufacture furniture. For example, IKEA has agreed to switch to using renewable or recycled materials for their furniture by the year 2030. __________48__________
There is also a push to encourage shoppers to buy more used furniture for their homes. Small businesses that help transform old chairs and sofas into completely new products have even popped up recently. At the end of the day, consumers will play the most important role in the fight to end fast furniture. Shoppers should try to think more about the long term when preparing to purchase new furniture. They should stay away from furniture that is made from cheap materials like fiberboard or plastic because they will often fall apart after a few years. __________49__________
A much better alternative is furniture made from real wood because it won’t break as easily. If wood furniture is damaged, it can often be repaired to last longer. High-quality metals are another good material, as they are durable. If the furniture is no longer fit for use, these metals can still be recycled and used to make new products.
__________50__________ So, the next time you buy furniture, think about whether it’s something that will last a long time or it’s just fast furniture that will break soon and go into the trash.
A. It has also designed a special program that lets people return used furniture pieces to its stores so they can be fixed and used again by consumers.
B. This would help to reduce overall waste, as it would extend the life cycle of old furniture items.
C. Although these items may cost less initially, they are more expensive because they will need to be replaced sooner than traditional pieces of furniture.
D. This creates a lot of pollution, as the furniture ends up buried in landfills where it can harm the soil.
E. Homeowners are looking for furniture that is kinder to the environment.
F. By choosing furniture that’s made to last, we can help reduce waste and protect the environment.
2024·上海浦东·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
What motivates you to work or study harder Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you ______47______ But is one better than the other
A recent study looked at the effect of fear-based strategies on British secondary school students. As is so often the case, it’s complicated. They found that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners. ______48______ It can in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. The study also found that if students are disengaged and don’t care about the test in the first place, then, unsurprisingly, the fear of failure is not likely to motivate them.
Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fact that most new companies will fail. ______49______ The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased procrastination as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best for the business. If someone is less confident about their business idea, then they may find their decision-making negatively affected by their fears.
______50______ It can drive confident people to do better, but it can also increase our doubts and turn them into barriers.
A. Nevertheless, confidence plays a significant role in determining the effectiveness of fear-based motivation strategies.
B. However, if students are not confident, then fear-based approaches could trigger feelings of anxiety.
C. Leaders, managers, and teachers have often used one of these ideas to inspire people to work harder and achieve more.
D. Taken together, these studies show that fear-based motivation is complicated.
E. They may be inspired to learn new things that will help their business or find mentors who can support them.
F. But does this motivate or discourage business people Again, it’s not straightforward.
2024·上海黄浦·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The number of visitors hit 100,000 for the first time this tourist season, a 40% jump over the previous record. B. The Antarctic is at risk not just because of the breakability of its environment, but due to the lack of a single governing body. C. Should landings be made at a larger number of sites for instance, or should we aim to keep the human footprint as small as possible D. If what you really want is to connect with snow and ice and you’re in the northern half, can you catch a train to the nearest snow region instead E. The average per-person carbon emissions for an Antarctic tourist are 3.76 tonnes – about the total sum that an individual typically generates in an entire year. F. There is so little regulation now that almost anything that will protect the areas by an official legal source rather than self-regulated would be really positive.
Antarctic Tourism: Should We Just Say No
More people are visiting Antarctic, the frozen continent than ever before. __67__ This has brought a new urgency to the question of how much, if any, tourism should be allowed on the icy continent.
The distance most visitors travel to reach Antarctica makes carbon emissions a serious problem. __68__ One study calculated that each tourist between 2016 and 2020 was effectively melting around 83 tonnes of snow, due largely to emissions from vacation ships.
__69__ The Antarctic Treaty, established in 1961 to provide governance for the continent, operates on a consultative basis, which means all 56 parties have to agree before a change can be put into action. The last major decision on tourism was a measure passed in 2009 that prohibits vacation ships carrying more than 500 passengers from making landings. That regulation has still not officially been carried out as not every signatory country has accepted it domestically.
There is clear agreement that something needs to change, but no agreement on what those changes should be. __70__
2024·上海普陀·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. When Han Yu came to Chaozhou, he was 51 years old. B. Han Yu was a Confucian figure, and there are many stories about him in Chaozhou. C. Although Han Yu’s ideas had no obvious practical effect at the time, they had a great impact on society decades later. D. Built in the Song dynasty, the shrine is the oldest and best preserved monument to Han Yu, one of the greatest literary men in the Tang dynasty. E. To memorize what he had contributed to the development of Chaozhou, people constructed this shrine and named him Hanwengong respectfully. F. There are so many tourists that, to relieve the pressure on the monuments, the scenic spot requires that a maximum of 500 people visit at a time.
Hanwengong Shrine
Now we come to Hanwengong Shrine, which is beside Hangjiang river and west of Bijia mountain. (67) __________ In the square in front of the hall, an ancient book-shaped stone is carved with two famous sayings of Han Yu on it, meaning hard work is the precondition for success, and deep thought is the guarantee of success.
In the year of A.D. 819, for some political reason, Han Yu was exiled(流放) to Chaozhou, a backland at that time. But he was not depressed by this, and he helped local people to develop education, agriculture, irrigation and release slaves. (68) ____________
The shrine was built against the mountain and divided into two parts, the front part and the back part. Now we play a small game: count the stone steps, and later I’ll tell you a secret. How many steps are there Yes, 51 steps! Why (69) ___________ The first time Han Yu came to Chaozhou, he was impressed by the beautiful scenery and hospitality of local people. You see that old tree People say the more flowers in the tree, the more well-educated students are. But in Qing Dynasty, this magic tree, planted by Han Yu himself, died, so people planted this tree instead.
(70) __________ Here is one: when Han Yu was living in Chaozhou, there was a very fierce and cruel crocodile in the Hanjiang river, which was a big social harm. One day, Han Yu drafted a statement against the crocodile and made it public by the river. Incredibly, from the next day on, the crocodile was gone. Later, the statue, made of a portrait of Han Yu, was built and his words were left on the monument to mark his achievements.
2024·上海徐汇·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
This recurrent nature provides astronomers with some predictability regarding its eruptions, aiding in their monitoring and preparation for the upcoming event. The mechanism driving these eruptions is the transfer of matter from the red giant to the white dwarf. It consists of a white dwarf and an aging red giant star. This heightened visibility will last for a few days without the need for any equipment and slightly over a week with the aid of binoculars. Astronomers plan to utilize various instruments, including the Hubble Space Telescope and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, to observe and study the nova in different wavelengths of light. However, during its peak brightness, it is expected to shine as brightly as Polaris, or the North Star, making it visible to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.
Astronomers are eagerly anticipating a celestial (天体的) event that promises to be a once-in-a-lifetime sight: the appearance of a "new star" in the night sky, expected to occur sometime between now and September, as reported by NASA. This event, known as a nova (新星), is projected to take place within the T Coronae Borealis system, nestled in the constellation (星座) Corona Borealis, situated between the Bo tes and Hercules constellations.
In contrast to the explosive demise of a massive star seen in a supernova, a nova is characterized by a sudden, brief explosion originating from a collapsed star, specifically a white dwarf. The T Coronae Borealis system is affectionately called the "Blaze Star." (67) _______________________ These stars orbit closely enough to interact violently, leading to periodic explosive events, with the last eruption observed in 1946.
(68) _______________________ Over time, the red giant becomes increasingly unstable, shedding its outer layers onto the white dwarf. This exchange of matter eventually triggers a "runaway thermonuclear reaction," resulting in the nova phenomenon, according to NASA.
While the precise timing of the upcoming nova event remains uncertain, astronomers are closely monitoring the T Coronae Borealis system, which has been dimming since March of the previous year. William J. Cooke, lead of NASA's Meteoroid Environments Office, notes that while most novae occur unexpectedly, T Coronae Borealis is one of the 10 recurring novae in the galaxy, offering some predictability to its eruptions.
Located approximately 3,000 light-years away from Earth, the T Coronae Borealis system is typically too faint to be seen with the naked eye. (69) _______________________
Once the nova reaches its peak brightness, it will appear as if a new star has emerged in the night sky, remaining visible for a few days without any equipment and slightly over a week with binoculars before gradually fading from view over the course of about 80 years.
(70) _______________________ As an effective observing approach, they provide valuable insights into the dynamics of recurrent novae and the processes occurring within these stellar systems.
The NASA Universe account on X will provide regular updates on the nova event, allowing enthusiasts and researchers alike to stay informed about this captivating astronomical phenomenon. Reflecting on past experiences, including witnessing the 1975 Nova Cygni, which inspired his career in astronomy, Cooke underscores the significance of these celestial events in shaping our understanding of the cosmos.
2024·上海松江·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A．Labeling poses even more of a problem when it comes to kids. B．It can be helpful for those not quite able to understand why they feel the way they do. C．There seems to be a desire to see negative emotions as something requiring intervention or diagnosis. D．Labeling leads to children’s overcoming their addiction to what is posted online. E．Someone has had only a certain experience and judges all behavior with that experience. F．The basic function of a diagnosis is to give you a name for those behaviors once felt unusual.
Addiction to Labeling
Maybe you’ve noticed it in the comments section of popular social media posts about anxiety. depression or things alike, with a number of people claiming to pick these labels for themselves.
These days, labeling is everywhere. （67） ______ However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist.
If you have done your research and genuinely feel that you have some form of mental health concern, then finally having a name for your behaviors can be great. But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. “（68） ______ Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds.
（69） ______“Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult.
Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable.（70） ______ And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do.
2024·上海静安·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Time to end Santa’s “naughty list”
Many of us have magical memories of Santa secretly bringing gifts and joy to our childhood homes — but is there a darker side to the beloved Christmas tradition
I was — and I’m happy to admit it — a loyal believer of Santa. I absolutely loved the magic of Christmas, especially Santa Claus, and my parents went above and beyond to encourage it. However, as I begin to construct my own Santa Claus myth for my daughter, I can’t help but feel guilty. Could it undermine her trust in me
___47___ Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers.
I guess it’s not all that surprising. ___48___ He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. Each year the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) allows you to track Santa’s journey on Christmas Eve. To reassure children during the pandemic in 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement declaring that Santa was “immune” from Covid 19. And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. ___49___
The “Santa lie” can reduce trust between a parent and a child. ___50___ It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. “The ‘Santa lie’ is part of a parenting practice that encourages people to believe what they want to believe, simply because of the psychological reward,” says Johnson. “That’s really bad for society in general.”
A. But the biggest danger is the anti-critical thinking lessons that he is teaching.
B. It’s this emphasis on belief over imagination that he sees as harmful.
C. Interestingly, belief in Santa Claus has actually promoted children’s critical thinking.
D. There are plenty of cultural evidences we create for the existence of Santa.
E. He begins to probe and question the things he has seen and heard.
F. Fascinatingly, belief in Santa Claus has remained remarkably consistent.
2024·上海虹口·二模
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
And so, what once took your breath away becomes part of life’s furniture. But could it be that many of our lives are already better than we recognize Habituation to the good drives you to move forward and progress. But if we can make the constant less so, our attention will naturally turn back to it. Rather than focus on how to see our life better, we need to learn to better our life. The good news is that you can dishabituate.
Your Life Is Better Than You Think
The undeniable popularity of self-help books, wellness podcasts, and happiness workshops reflects the constant human desire to make life better. 67
While we may have a loving family, a good place to live, and a decent job, we often fail to notice those things. It’s not because we are ungrateful or stupid, but it’s because of a basic feature of our brain, known as habituation.
Habituation is the tendency of neurons to fire less and less in response to things that are constant. You enter a room filled with roses and after a short while, you cannot detect their scent any longer; and just as you get used to the smell of fresh flowers, you also get used to a loving relationship, to a promotion, to a nice home, to a wonderful work of art. Like the front page of a daily newspaper, your brain cares about what recently changed, not about what remained the same. 68 You habituate to it—you fail to notice and respond to elements of your life which you previously found amazing.
69 That is, you can suddenly start perceiving and responding to things to which you have become desensitized.
The key is taking small breaks from your daily life. For example, when people return home from a long business trip, they often find their old life has “reshined.” Ordinary things suddenly seem amazing. If something is constant, we often assume (perhaps unconsciously) that it is there to stay, and as a result, we focus our attention and effort on the next thing on our list. 70 If it is good at its core, it may just reshine. This is why time away, however short, will enable you to perceive your life with fresh eyes—and to break up reality.
2024·上海宝山·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Afterward, he sold over 200,000 CDs and his popularity rising. Rather, it was part of one of André Rieu's amazing concerts. As a result, Rieu became a house-hold name and won great popularity. Yet his shows consist of an extensive variety of musical genres and performances. Then, Rieu continued his style until he got his nickname. From early on, Rieu knew what he wanted - his own orchestra.
Mary Poppins held on to her famous black umbrella while floating overhead and singing "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious." The audience watched in amazement, and many sang along! Poppins floated for a bit and eventually landed in the midst of the excited crowd before getting on stage. No, this wasn't a scene from a Disney movie. 67
His background helps explain his passion for music. The world-renowned violinist and conductor was born into a musical family in October 1949 in Maastricht, Netherlands. He began learning to play the violin at age five and immediately fell in love with the instrument!
68 He started by creating a small ensemble (乐团). Then in 1978, Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra, from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra.
They had limited success until 1995 when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game. He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz. 69
Today Rieu is the best-selling classical artist worldwide. He has sold in the ballpark of an astonishing 40 million records. He is the biggest male solo touring artist on the planet. His concerts sell more tickets than Beyoncé and Bruce Springsteen!
Many classical concerts are serious events, but Rieu's are the opposite. He's been nicknamed "The King of the Waltz" because he loves waltzes. 70 Rieu says, "I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen."
His shows are attended by people of all ages and always include surprises, like the delightful appearance by Mary Poppins. As Rieu says,"I only play music that touched my heart. And I know when it touches my heart, it will touch your heart." During his performances, many audience members are visibly moved. They often clap, sing, dance, laugh, weep or hug one another. Rieu promises his audience, "You will have an evening that you will never forget."And he is true to his word.
2024·上海奉贤·二模
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper se ntence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Large roofs can, hence, collect greater amount of water. B. Rainwater can also be used for fountains and ponds. C. We all deeply depend on the nourishment of rain. D. To secure future water supply, we need new sources. E. Now, many people are returning to this practice. F. Rainwater is clean but it gets dirty from the roof.
Rain Collection
What do you like to do on a rainy day —si t inside and listen to the pitter-patter on the roof or splash outside and feel the cold drops on your face Whatever you choose, rain is vitally essential in the nature.
67 It fills rivers and lakes, slowly sinks into the earth, nourishes our plants, and keeps the land alive and beautiful. In the past, people obtained their water from rain, wells, or nearby rivers. Now, many of us live in places where water is piped in, sometimes from far away. Removing so much water from nature and sending it to great distances harm the living things that also need that water.
As climate change heats up the planet and causes extreme weather, more places face water shortages. 68 . One easy place to look for more water is the sky!
Humans have collected rain since ancient times. 69 . They are tapping into this clean and rich source of water provided by nature. By harvesting the rain we can reduce the amount of water we take from rivers and out of the ground.
Even in dry climates, there is a lot of potential rainwater that can be effectively harvested and utilized. This rich yet often overlooked resource has the potential to significantly contribute to water conservation efforts, especially in regions facing water shortages. Just one inch of rain falling on a medium-sized house produces over 600 gallons of water. 70 .
Nowadays, rainwater is still used as a primary supply in many places in the world, like Vietnam and Hawaii. In places with piped-in water, rainwater is not commonly used, but this is changing. Rainwater harvesting is getting more popular since it's easy to do and helps create water security.
2024·上海青浦·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The reaction is caused by nerves that reach into the airway. B. Scientists know about many different stimuli that can cause cough. C. Many infections involve dry coughs that don’t produce phlegm (痰) at all. D. We can’t really detect virus any more in these individuals, and yet they’re still coughing. E. But at least temporarily, they can send us into coughing even when we’re no longer sick. F. Scientists still aren’t sure exactly why otherwise healthy people experience this kind of persistent cough.
Why Are You Still Coughing
Have you caught a cold recently — but can’t get rid of the cough You’re not alone. The symptom can stick around for weeks after our bodies have cleared a virus. Michael Shiloh, a physician specializing in infectious disease research at UT Southwestern Medical Center, says coughing patients often report that they were sick as many as eight weeks prior to seeing him. He says, “____67____”
The United States saw a sharp rise in cases of influenza in late 2023 that’s dragged on into 2024. And though positive tests for the illness have leveled off or decreased countrywide over the past weeks, the number of people seeking healthcare for respiratory (呼吸的) diseases is still elevated across much of the U.S. ____68____ But research on how infections affect nerves in the airway is revealing new clues.
Coughing is an important reaction that protects the airway from dangers like water or bits of mis-swallowed food, says doctor and researcher Lorcan McGarvey of Queen’s University Belfast. ____69____ These nerves are decorated with receptor (受体) proteins that react to everything from cold air to hot pepper. When a stimulus causes those receptors, nerves send signals to the brain that we experience as the urge to cough.
While it may seem obvious that coughing is meant to clear our throats, it’s also possible that viruses cause the reaction to help themselves spread. ____70____ And if we do ultimately cough to clear out our airway during an infection, that still wouldn’t explain what exactly our nerves sense during an infection that causes a cough.
“We don’t know,” says electrophysiologist Thomas Taylor-Clark of the University of South Florida. “But what we can say is that we do know some things, one being that viruses cause infection.”
2024·上海闵行·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Childhood Media Shaping Futures
Much of the media we consume during our formative years shapes us into the people we are today. Reflect on a particular piece of media from our childhood—perhaps it’s the TV show we eagerly awaited every weekend during visits to our grandmother’s house. ___67___ It shapes our dreams and fears and even drives us to future careers.
___68___ Older children may have had a lot more restrictions, like TV shows, movies, and social media access. And because of these, they were able to be a child for longer compared to their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Children who have older siblings tend to show more mature tendencies and can appear to “grow up quicker” than other children their age.
While they might have been restricted from social media accounts until a certain age, once given access, they tend to be more prepared. The media exposure of our generation has undoubtedly led to an increased maturation at younger ages. ___69___
Simply looking back at previous generations and the rate of consumption and processing of information that we experience every day, the effects of such are only beginning. As soon-to-be or current adults, we are already facing issues such as depression, anxiety, and delays in certain learning and social skills, just to name a few. Are we “more mature ” or are we overexposed and at risk for exceptional mental, physical, and emotional consequences
In conclusion, childhood media consumption significantly influences our lives. ___70___ Striking a balance between media exposure and mental well-being is essential for our growth in today’s media-rich world.
A. Such media doesn’t just entertain.
B. You can easily pick out the differences among your siblings.
C. As we journey through adulthood, it’s crucial to reflect on its impact.
D. Media exposure during childhood impacts each child in distinct ways.
E. Additionally, media have proven to have long-term effects on individuals.
F. However, our mental and physical states may not be adequately equipped to handle it.
2024·上海金山·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Young consumers no longer blindly chase trendy or luxury items.
B. They excel in using mobile devices and social media for getting information.
C. Their tendency to pay much leads to the development of products and services. D. Their changing behaviors in consumption have promoted high-quality products.
E. In fact, young people are slowly becoming the main force in the consumer market. F. They are willing to pay for products with unique features and innovative services.
The young lead new trends in consumption market
With the post-1990 generation becoming a vibrant (充满活力的) force in society and the post-2000 generation gradually entering the workforce, the purchasing power of the new generation of consumers has been steadily growing.
(67) _______________________ Growing up in the internet era, the young consumers generally have higher education levels and a broader global outlook, and come from a relatively strong economic background. As such, their consumption behavior is different from that of the earlier generations.
In terms of consumption pattern, online shopping has become the top choice for young people. Young people not only comprise a comparatively high percentage of internet users but also tend to shop online. (68) _______________________ This makes them easily influenced by product promotions and influencers on social media.
And yet a trend toward rational consumption has been growing rapidly over the past few years. (69) _______________________ Instead, they focus more on product quality and functionality. They tend to compare products and services, and do some research before making purchasing decisions, in order to get the best out of their purchase. According to a study conducted by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily, 90.1 percent of the 1,000 young respondents said their consumption decision is based on the “spending where necessary and saving where possible” principle. Besides, young consumers seek more personalized and diversified products, reflecting their emotional needs and increasing sense of self-worth. (70) _____________________
When it comes to brand cognition, young consumers seem to favor domestic products. Thanks to information online, young consumers no longer blindly pursue foreign brands and instead prefer local brands, highlighting their confidence in Chinese-made products. From Li-Ning, Anta to Warrior shoes, domestic brands in various fields are being warmly welcomed by young consumers.
2024·上海嘉定·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. They highly recognized the effectiveness of TCM, especially its use in pain treatment.
B. Even when drinking herbal milk tea, it's best to make choices accordingly.
C. Being extensive and far-reaching, TCM is deeply connected with Chinese philosophy.
D. Overseas students of TCM, like Phan, are not rare.
E. This led her to major in TCM at a traditional medical school in China.
F. Many other Chinese medicine institutions have adopted similar strategic initiatives.
Global Rise of TCM
Phan Thi Kim Chi's connection with Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） began at an early age. Growing up in a small village in Vietnam, it was inconvenient for Phan to travel to hospitals in neighboring cities. Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child, her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner. 67 According to Phan, even though TCM has long been commonly practiced and accepted in Vietnam, finding a good school to learn TCM in Vietnam is not easy.
As a foreign student, Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one in the curriculum. 68 It requires years of learning and practice to truly understand the concepts of yin and yang, harmony between human and nature, and the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Sometimes she even translates the TCM vocabulary and scripts into Vietnamese so she can remember and comprehend them better.
69 According to a report, the total number of international students studying TCM in China was 8, 187 last year, with the largest population of 6, 441 coming from Asian countries, followed by 832 from Africa and 432 from Europe. Also, many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM.
The booming situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics. It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people. There is a trend among young people to place more emphasis on health conditioning and preservation. However, experts remind that TCM emphasizes the importance of diagnosing and treating based on identifying syndromes （症状）. It is impossible to offer a one-size- fits-all approach to all patients. 70
2024·上海长宁·二模
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2014. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,” and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew. ”
___________47___________ Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.
At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties (惩罚) that continue long after punishment is completed.
Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. _____________48_____________ They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.
In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life. Some laws make senses. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. _____________49_____________ Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse
These laws are also counterproductive (适得其反), since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding. A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. _____________50_____________
The point isn’t to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, and second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.
A. Criminals should pay the price of finding housing or a job and getting qualifications for benefits.
B. Surely, the American ideal of second chances shouldn’t be reserved only for the rich and powerful.
C. But too often collateral (附随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety.
D. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.
E. American’s vast criminal justice system provides criminals with necessary support for living.
F. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing.
2024·上海崇明·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The drug works by clearing away some of the amyloid protein. The large study followed middle-aged and older adults for 20 years. Knowledge of the timing of these events is critical for preventing Alzheimer’s. The new findings show the order of such biomarker changes common to age-related Alzheimer’s. The higher levels were recorded as much as 18 years before the patients were identified as having Alzheimer’s. The researchers compared 648 people who were later found with Alzheimer’s to an equal number who remained healthy.
Large Study Details Years of Brain Changes in Alzheimer’s Patients
A long-term study in China has shown that a series of changes take place in the brains of people who get Alzheimer’s disease long before they present signs of the sickness.
67 The individuals were examined on a regular basis during that period. The researchers used brain imaging, spinal fluid (脊髓液) checks and other tools to collect data.
The researchers reported that the study subjects who later developed Alzheimer’s showed high levels of disease-linked protein in their spinal fluid. 68 Then every few years, the study detected another so-called biomarker of coming trouble.
Scientists still do not know exactly how Alzheimer’s forms. The disease slowly destroys the brain, affecting the ability to think. Alzheimer’s patients develop proteins called beta-amyloid and tau, which over time build up into plaques (斑块) that block brain processes. The new research, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, offers a timeline for how these proteins develop.
Scientists already knew that in rare, genetic forms of Alzheimer’s that affect young people, a poisonous form of amyloid starts developing about 20 years ahead of symptoms. At some point after that, tau develops as well. 69
“The more we know about Alzheimer’s treatment targets and when to address them, the better and faster we will be able to develop new therapies and preventions,” said Claire Sexton, director of scientific programs with the Alzheimer's Association. She noted that blood tests are coming soon that promise to also help by making it easier to find amyloid and tau.
More than 6 million Americans, and millions more worldwide, have Alzheimer’s. There is no cure. But last year, Leqembi became the first approved drug that could slow the worsening of early Alzheimer’s for a few months. 70 Other drugs are being developed to target tau.专题07 六选四（阅读还原）（16区二模新题速递）
目 录
2023·上海秋考·真题 2024·上海虹口·二模
2024·上海杨浦·二模 2024·上海宝山·二模
2024·上海浦东·二模 2024·上海奉贤·二模
2024·上海青浦·二模 2024·上海闵行·二模
2024·上海黄浦·二模 2024·上海金山·二模
2024·上海普陀·二模 2024·上海嘉定·二模
2024·上海徐汇·二模 2024·上海长宁·二模
2024·上海松江·二模 2024·上海崇明·二模
2024·上海静安·二模
2023·上海秋考·真题
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A flexible schedule allows students to work whenever and wherever they learn best. B. Even postgraduate students have the opportunity to take advantage of a competitive program. C. It's clear to see how homeschooling, even if done primarily online , isn't the same as online learning. D. There may have been limited resources available when the homeschooling movement was fist adopted. E. One of the main differences between online school and homeschool is that online schools still employ teachers. F. Many misconceptions may continue to build around the two, including mistaking a stake of digitized worksheets for online classrooms.
The Difference Between Homeschooling and Schooling at Home
Homeschooling is not a new concept, Families have chosen this as a primary source of education for decades. Whether they live in a remote urea, travel often, or believe they can provide a more stable education for their children, parents chose to take control of their child's education by providing it at home.
(67)__________ Parents relied on workbooks and other printed materials to supplement their lessons, Today, there aren't only more tangible resources, but there's also help in the form of tutoring centers and homeschooling pods --- where a group of homeschooled children get together to learn as a class.
While the idea of homeschooling may not be as foreign as it once was, it's still centered around replacing the teacher with a parent or guardian, Some parents who choose to homeschool may be former teachers , which makes the process a little easier, but it still may not be enough in certain areas.
(68)______________When many districts were forced to conduct school online , teachers(68)dove in to learn how to navigate various learning management systems, There are a number of online charter schools who are already familiar with these platforms and use them to assign and track student work and progress, Even with an asynchronous learning model, Laurel Springs School teachers are available during office hours to answer questions and may hold various Classes for additional learning support.
Similar to homeschooling , online school is based around a student's individualized learning journey. (69 )________ This allows them time lo pursue other passions and develop a more independent outlook by taking ownership of their education
To take it a few steps further, accredited online schools, like Laurel Springs, support this leaning journey with a diverse K-l2 curriculum and instructional support. There are options for,more rigorous instruction through Honors and Ap courses. The Academy at Laurel Springs Laurel delivers an exceptional education for intellectually curious scholars. ( 70 )__________ Laurel Springs is also staffed with an impeccable counseling team, guiding Upper School students through their learning journey along a path to achieve their personal and professional goals. You can't get all of this through a homeschool program, unless you consult with a wide variety of other organizations.
【答案】67-70 DEAB
【导读】这篇文章讨论了家庭自教育和在线学校之间的区别。家庭自教育侧重于父母代替教师进行教育，而在线学校提供更多个性化学习的机会。文章还提到在线学校提供认证课程和指导，而家庭自教育则需要额外咨询其他组织。
67.D 【解析】句意;当家庭教育运动首次被采用时，可用的资源可能有限。结合该空之后提及的 Parents relied on workbooks and other printed materials to supplement their lessons. 可矢”,此处提及的内容与教育资源相关，D项提到了教育资源，故选D。
E【解析】句意:在线学校和家庭学校的主要区别之一是在线学校仍然雇用教师。根据该段内容可知，这里主要讲述了教师参与在线教学的一些情况，E项提及了“教师”这一角色故选E。
69.A【解析】句意:灵活的时间表允许学生随时随地学习。结合该空前提及的Similar to homeschooling, online school is based around a student's individualized learning journey.可知,此处提及了学生的个性化学习,故推知该空与学生个性化学习带来的好处相关,A项符合文意能够衔接该段内容，故选A。
70.B【解析】句意:即使是研究生也有机会利用竞争激烈的课程。根据该段相关内容可知，该段主要介绍的是经过认证的在线教育学校提供的教育课程，以及这些课程的价值，B项与评价课程价值有一定关系，故选B。
2024·上海杨浦·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The Fight against Fast Furniture
Fast furniture is a term that refers to furniture that is produced cheaply and quickly. These items are often bad for the environment because they are made from materials that break easily and need to be replaced often. __________47__________
To help protect the environment, a movement to move away from fast furniture has begun. Many companies are joining the fight by finding cleaner ways to manufacture furniture. For example, IKEA has agreed to switch to using renewable or recycled materials for their furniture by the year 2030. __________48__________
There is also a push to encourage shoppers to buy more used furniture for their homes. Small businesses that help transform old chairs and sofas into completely new products have even popped up recently. At the end of the day, consumers will play the most important role in the fight to end fast furniture. Shoppers should try to think more about the long term when preparing to purchase new furniture. They should stay away from furniture that is made from cheap materials like fiberboard or plastic because they will often fall apart after a few years. __________49__________
A much better alternative is furniture made from real wood because it won’t break as easily. If wood furniture is damaged, it can often be repaired to last longer. High-quality metals are another good material, as they are durable. If the furniture is no longer fit for use, these metals can still be recycled and used to make new products.
__________50__________ So, the next time you buy furniture, think about whether it’s something that will last a long time or it’s just fast furniture that will break soon and go into the trash.
A. It has also designed a special program that lets people return used furniture pieces to its stores so they can be fixed and used again by consumers.
B. This would help to reduce overall waste, as it would extend the life cycle of old furniture items.
C. Although these items may cost less initially, they are more expensive because they will need to be replaced sooner than traditional pieces of furniture.
D. This creates a lot of pollution, as the furniture ends up buried in landfills where it can harm the soil.
E. Homeowners are looking for furniture that is kinder to the environment.
F. By choosing furniture that’s made to last, we can help reduce waste and protect the environment.
【答案】47. D 48. A 49. C 50. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。为减少快速家具带来的污染从而保护环境，文章倡导使用环保材料，推广购买二手家具，延长家具的使用寿命。
【47题详解】
根据上文的“Fast furniture is a term that refers to furniture that is produced cheaply and quickly. These items are often bad for the environment because they are made from materials that break easily and need to be replaced often.(快速家具是一个术语，指的是生产成本低、速度快的家具。这些物品通常对环境有害，因为它们是由容易破裂的材料制成的，需要经常更换。)”可知，D项(这造成了很多污染，因为家具最终被埋在垃圾填埋场，可能会损害土壤。)承接上文，说明了快速家具因为其特点会对土壤造成污染，故选D项。
【48题详解】
根据上文的“To help protect the environment, a movement to move away from fast furniture has begun. Many companies are joining the fight by finding cleaner ways to manufacture furniture. For example, IKEA has agreed to switch to using renewable or recycled materials for their furniture by the year 2030.(为了保护环境，一场远离快速家具的运动已经开始。许多公司通过寻找更清洁的方式来制造家具加入了这场斗争。例如，宜家已同意在2030年之前改用可再生或可回收材料制作家具。)”可知，A项(该公司还设计了一项特殊计划，让人们把用过的家具退回到它的商店，这样消费者就可以把它们修好再使用。)承接上文，说明了宜家公司共计采取了两种办法远离生产快速家具，故选A项。
【49题详解】
根据上文的“Shoppers should try to think more about the long term when preparing to purchase new furniture. They should stay away from furniture that is made from cheap materials like fiberboard or plastic because they will often fall apart after a few years. (购物者在准备购买新家具时应尽量多考虑长远。他们应该远离由纤维板或塑料等廉价材料制成的家具，因为它们经常会在几年后分崩离析。)”可知，C项(虽然这些物品最初可能花费较少，但它们更贵，因为它们需要比传统家具更快地更换。)承接上文，说明了由纤维板或塑料等廉价材料制成的家具虽然短期看花费少，但因为更新周期短，因此更加昂贵，故选C项。
【50题详解】
根据下文的“So, the next time you buy furniture, think about whether it’s something that will last a long time or it’s just fast furniture that will break soon and go into the trash.(所以，下次你买家具的时候，考虑一下它是能用很长时间的家具，还是很快就会坏掉，然后被扔进垃圾桶的家具。)”可知，F项(通过选择耐用的家具，我们可以帮助减少浪费，保护环境。)承接上文，说明了消费者选择耐用的家具会给环境带来好处，故选F项。
2024·上海浦东·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
What motivates you to work or study harder Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you ______47______ But is one better than the other
A recent study looked at the effect of fear-based strategies on British secondary school students. As is so often the case, it’s complicated. They found that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners. ______48______ It can in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. The study also found that if students are disengaged and don’t care about the test in the first place, then, unsurprisingly, the fear of failure is not likely to motivate them.
Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fact that most new companies will fail. ______49______ The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased procrastination as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best for the business. If someone is less confident about their business idea, then they may find their decision-making negatively affected by their fears.
______50______ It can drive confident people to do better, but it can also increase our doubts and turn them into barriers.
A. Nevertheless, confidence plays a significant role in determining the effectiveness of fear-based motivation strategies.
B. However, if students are not confident, then fear-based approaches could trigger feelings of anxiety.
C. Leaders, managers, and teachers have often used one of these ideas to inspire people to work harder and achieve more.
D. Taken together, these studies show that fear-based motivation is complicated.
E. They may be inspired to learn new things that will help their business or find mentors who can support them.
F. But does this motivate or discourage business people Again, it’s not straightforward.
【答案】47. C 48. B 49. F 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了基于恐惧的激励策略具有复杂性。
【47题详解】
前文“Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you (是对成功和你能取得的所有惊人成就的想法，还是对失败的恐惧和对所有可能出错的事情的担忧？)”讲述了两种不同的激励因素，后文“But is one better than the other (但是一个比另一个好吗？)”反问是否一个因素比另一个更好，由此可知，空处应讲述这两种因素经常被用来激励人们，C项“领导者、管理者和教师经常使用其中一种想法来激励人们更加努力地工作，取得更多成就。”符合题意，选项中的“these ideas”指代前文提到的两种激励因素。故选C。
【48题详解】
前文“They found that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners.(他们发现，如果一项测试被视为重要的，并且学生对自己能够成功持乐观态度，那么老师可以成功地利用对失败的恐惧来激励这些学习者。)”讲述了在一项测试被认为非常重要且学生对该测试持乐观态度的情况下，老师可以有效利用对失败的恐惧来激励学生，后文“It can in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise.(这反过来会导致他们在测试中表现得比其他情况下更差。)”讲述了会导致学生表现差，由此可知，空处讲述的应是不能有效利用对失败的恐惧进行激励的情况，B项“然而，如果学生不自信，那么基于恐惧的方法可能会引发焦虑感。”符合题意，However表明前后之间为转折关系。故选B。
【49题详解】
根据后文的“The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased procrastination as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best for the business.(失败的个人后果可能是巨大的，因此创始人可能会被激励更加努力地工作以避免失败。一项针对英国和加拿大企业家的研究发现，对失败的恐惧可以改善问题的解决，因为人们有动力预测和解决潜在的问题。然而，这项研究也表明，这会导致拖延症的增加，因为人们过于关注他们个人害怕的事情，而不是对企业最有利的事情。)”可知，对失败的恐惧既可以有助于解决问题，也可以导致拖延症，由此可知，这种激励因素的有效性很复杂，F项“但这是激励还是阻碍了商界人士？再说一遍，这并不简单。”符合题意，选项中的“Again, it’s not straightforward”与前一段中的“As is so often the case, it’s complicated”照应。故选F。
【50题详解】
根据后文“It can drive confident people to do better, but it can also increase our doubts and turn them into barriers.(它可以驱使自信的人做得更好，但也会增加我们的疑虑，并将其转化为障碍。)”并结合上文对学生和商业人士的分析可知，基于恐惧的激励是复杂的，所以D项“总之，这些研究表明，基于恐惧的动机是复杂的。”符合题意，选项中的“Taken together”表明这是总结。故选D。
2024·上海黄浦·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The number of visitors hit 100,000 for the first time this tourist season, a 40% jump over the previous record. B. The Antarctic is at risk not just because of the breakability of its environment, but due to the lack of a single governing body. C. Should landings be made at a larger number of sites for instance, or should we aim to keep the human footprint as small as possible D. If what you really want is to connect with snow and ice and you’re in the northern half, can you catch a train to the nearest snow region instead E. The average per-person carbon emissions for an Antarctic tourist are 3.76 tonnes – about the total sum that an individual typically generates in an entire year. F. There is so little regulation now that almost anything that will protect the areas by an official legal source rather than self-regulated would be really positive.
Antarctic Tourism: Should We Just Say No
More people are visiting Antarctic, the frozen continent than ever before. __67__ This has brought a new urgency to the question of how much, if any, tourism should be allowed on the icy continent.
The distance most visitors travel to reach Antarctica makes carbon emissions a serious problem. __68__ One study calculated that each tourist between 2016 and 2020 was effectively melting around 83 tonnes of snow, due largely to emissions from vacation ships.
__69__ The Antarctic Treaty, established in 1961 to provide governance for the continent, operates on a consultative basis, which means all 56 parties have to agree before a change can be put into action. The last major decision on tourism was a measure passed in 2009 that prohibits vacation ships carrying more than 500 passengers from making landings. That regulation has still not officially been carried out as not every signatory country has accepted it domestically.
There is clear agreement that something needs to change, but no agreement on what those changes should be. __70__
参考答案：AEBC
2024·上海普陀·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. When Han Yu came to Chaozhou, he was 51 years old. B. Han Yu was a Confucian figure, and there are many stories about him in Chaozhou. C. Although Han Yu’s ideas had no obvious practical effect at the time, they had a great impact on society decades later. D. Built in the Song dynasty, the shrine is the oldest and best preserved monument to Han Yu, one of the greatest literary men in the Tang dynasty. E. To memorize what he had contributed to the development of Chaozhou, people constructed this shrine and named him Hanwengong respectfully. F. There are so many tourists that, to relieve the pressure on the monuments, the scenic spot requires that a maximum of 500 people visit at a time.
Hanwengong Shrine
Now we come to Hanwengong Shrine, which is beside Hangjiang river and west of Bijia mountain. (67) __________ In the square in front of the hall, an ancient book-shaped stone is carved with two famous sayings of Han Yu on it, meaning hard work is the precondition for success, and deep thought is the guarantee of success.
In the year of A.D. 819, for some political reason, Han Yu was exiled(流放) to Chaozhou, a backland at that time. But he was not depressed by this, and he helped local people to develop education, agriculture, irrigation and release slaves. (68) ____________
The shrine was built against the mountain and divided into two parts, the front part and the back part. Now we play a small game: count the stone steps, and later I’ll tell you a secret. How many steps are there Yes, 51 steps! Why (69) ___________ The first time Han Yu came to Chaozhou, he was impressed by the beautiful scenery and hospitality of local people. You see that old tree People say the more flowers in the tree, the more well-educated students are. But in Qing Dynasty, this magic tree, planted by Han Yu himself, died, so people planted this tree instead.
(70) __________ Here is one: when Han Yu was living in Chaozhou, there was a very fierce and cruel crocodile in the Hanjiang river, which was a big social harm. One day, Han Yu drafted a statement against the crocodile and made it public by the river. Incredibly, from the next day on, the crocodile was gone. Later, the statue, made of a portrait of Han Yu, was built and his words were left on the monument to mark his achievements.
67-70 D E A B
2024·上海徐汇·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
This recurrent nature provides astronomers with some predictability regarding its eruptions, aiding in their monitoring and preparation for the upcoming event. The mechanism driving these eruptions is the transfer of matter from the red giant to the white dwarf. It consists of a white dwarf and an aging red giant star. This heightened visibility will last for a few days without the need for any equipment and slightly over a week with the aid of binoculars. Astronomers plan to utilize various instruments, including the Hubble Space Telescope and the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, to observe and study the nova in different wavelengths of light. However, during its peak brightness, it is expected to shine as brightly as Polaris, or the North Star, making it visible to observers in the Northern Hemisphere.
Astronomers are eagerly anticipating a celestial (天体的) event that promises to be a once-in-a-lifetime sight: the appearance of a "new star" in the night sky, expected to occur sometime between now and September, as reported by NASA. This event, known as a nova (新星), is projected to take place within the T Coronae Borealis system, nestled in the constellation (星座) Corona Borealis, situated between the Bo tes and Hercules constellations.
In contrast to the explosive demise of a massive star seen in a supernova, a nova is characterized by a sudden, brief explosion originating from a collapsed star, specifically a white dwarf. The T Coronae Borealis system is affectionately called the "Blaze Star." (67) _______________________ These stars orbit closely enough to interact violently, leading to periodic explosive events, with the last eruption observed in 1946.
(68) _______________________ Over time, the red giant becomes increasingly unstable, shedding its outer layers onto the white dwarf. This exchange of matter eventually triggers a "runaway thermonuclear reaction," resulting in the nova phenomenon, according to NASA.
While the precise timing of the upcoming nova event remains uncertain, astronomers are closely monitoring the T Coronae Borealis system, which has been dimming since March of the previous year. William J. Cooke, lead of NASA's Meteoroid Environments Office, notes that while most novae occur unexpectedly, T Coronae Borealis is one of the 10 recurring novae in the galaxy, offering some predictability to its eruptions.
Located approximately 3,000 light-years away from Earth, the T Coronae Borealis system is typically too faint to be seen with the naked eye. (69) _______________________
Once the nova reaches its peak brightness, it will appear as if a new star has emerged in the night sky, remaining visible for a few days without any equipment and slightly over a week with binoculars before gradually fading from view over the course of about 80 years.
(70) _______________________ As an effective observing approach, they provide valuable insights into the dynamics of recurrent novae and the processes occurring within these stellar systems.
The NASA Universe account on X will provide regular updates on the nova event, allowing enthusiasts and researchers alike to stay informed about this captivating astronomical phenomenon. Reflecting on past experiences, including witnessing the 1975 Nova Cygni, which inspired his career in astronomy, Cooke underscores the significance of these celestial events in shaping our understanding of the cosmos.
67-70 CBFE
2024·上海松江·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A．Labeling poses even more of a problem when it comes to kids. B．It can be helpful for those not quite able to understand why they feel the way they do. C．There seems to be a desire to see negative emotions as something requiring intervention or diagnosis. D．Labeling leads to children’s overcoming their addiction to what is posted online. E．Someone has had only a certain experience and judges all behavior with that experience. F．The basic function of a diagnosis is to give you a name for those behaviors once felt unusual.
Addiction to Labeling
Maybe you’ve noticed it in the comments section of popular social media posts about anxiety. depression or things alike, with a number of people claiming to pick these labels for themselves.
These days, labeling is everywhere. （67） ______ However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist.
If you have done your research and genuinely feel that you have some form of mental health concern, then finally having a name for your behaviors can be great. But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. “（68） ______ Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds.
（69） ______“Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult.
Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable.（70） ______ And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do.
67-70 BEAF
2024·上海静安·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Time to end Santa’s “naughty list”
Many of us have magical memories of Santa secretly bringing gifts and joy to our childhood homes — but is there a darker side to the beloved Christmas tradition
I was — and I’m happy to admit it — a loyal believer of Santa. I absolutely loved the magic of Christmas, especially Santa Claus, and my parents went above and beyond to encourage it. However, as I begin to construct my own Santa Claus myth for my daughter, I can’t help but feel guilty. Could it undermine her trust in me
___47___ Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers.
I guess it’s not all that surprising. ___48___ He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. Each year the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) allows you to track Santa’s journey on Christmas Eve. To reassure children during the pandemic in 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement declaring that Santa was “immune” from Covid 19. And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. ___49___
The “Santa lie” can reduce trust between a parent and a child. ___50___ It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. “The ‘Santa lie’ is part of a parenting practice that encourages people to believe what they want to believe, simply because of the psychological reward,” says Johnson. “That’s really bad for society in general.”
A. But the biggest danger is the anti-critical thinking lessons that he is teaching.
B. It’s this emphasis on belief over imagination that he sees as harmful.
C. Interestingly, belief in Santa Claus has actually promoted children’s critical thinking.
D. There are plenty of cultural evidences we create for the existence of Santa.
E. He begins to probe and question the things he has seen and heard.
F. Fascinatingly, belief in Santa Claus has remained remarkably consistent.
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“圣诞老人谎言”是否会对孩子造成不良影响的问题。
【47题详解】
根据后文“Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers. (早在1978年，《美国矫形精神病学杂志》上发表的一项研究发现，85%的四岁孩子说他们相信圣诞老人的存在。2011年，发表在《认知与发展杂志》上的一项研究发现，83%的5岁儿童声称自己是真正的信徒。)”可知，后文的两项研究表明，儿童都一致相信圣诞老人的存在。故F选项“有趣的是，对圣诞老人的信仰一直保持着惊人的一致性”符合语境，故选F。
【48题详解】
根据上文“I guess it’s not all that surprising. (我想这没什么好惊讶的。)”以及后文“He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. (他出现在每一部圣诞电视节目和电影中。)”可知，本句承接上文，解释“这没什么好惊讶的”的原因是圣诞老人频繁出现在电视节目和电影中。故D选项“我们为圣诞老人的存在创造了大量的文化证据”符合语境，故选D。
【49题详解】
根据上文“And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. (宾夕法尼亚州国王学院的哲学教授David Kyle Johnson在他的《偷走圣诞节的神话》一书中，将这种努力描述为“圣诞老人的谎言”。这种努力代表父母和整个社会，为圣诞老人的存在创造了看似压倒性的证据。他强调，我们不能简单地让孩子们想象圣诞老人，而是要他们真的相信他。)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续说明David Kyle Johnson对认为圣诞老人真的存在的信念的看法。故B选项“他认为这种强调信念而非想象是有害的。”符合语境，故选B。
【50题详解】
根据上文“The “Santa lie” can reduce trust between a parent and a child. (“圣诞老人的谎言”会减少父母和孩子之间的信任。)”以及后文“It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. (制造虚假的证据，让孩子们相信坏的证据实际上是好的证据，这阻碍了我们在这个时代应该鼓励孩子们的批判性思维。)”可知，“圣诞老人的谎言”阻碍了鼓励孩子们进行批判性思维，A选项中the anti-critical thinking对应后文critical thinking。故A选项“但最大的危险是他教授的反批判性思维课程。”符合语境，故选A。
2024·上海虹口·二模
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
And so, what once took your breath away becomes part of life’s furniture. But could it be that many of our lives are already better than we recognize Habituation to the good drives you to move forward and progress. But if we can make the constant less so, our attention will naturally turn back to it. Rather than focus on how to see our life better, we need to learn to better our life. The good news is that you can dishabituate.
Your Life Is Better Than You Think
The undeniable popularity of self-help books, wellness podcasts, and happiness workshops reflects the constant human desire to make life better. 67
While we may have a loving family, a good place to live, and a decent job, we often fail to notice those things. It’s not because we are ungrateful or stupid, but it’s because of a basic feature of our brain, known as habituation.
Habituation is the tendency of neurons to fire less and less in response to things that are constant. You enter a room filled with roses and after a short while, you cannot detect their scent any longer; and just as you get used to the smell of fresh flowers, you also get used to a loving relationship, to a promotion, to a nice home, to a wonderful work of art. Like the front page of a daily newspaper, your brain cares about what recently changed, not about what remained the same. 68 You habituate to it—you fail to notice and respond to elements of your life which you previously found amazing.
69 That is, you can suddenly start perceiving and responding to things to which you have become desensitized.
The key is taking small breaks from your daily life. For example, when people return home from a long business trip, they often find their old life has “reshined.” Ordinary things suddenly seem amazing. If something is constant, we often assume (perhaps unconsciously) that it is there to stay, and as a result, we focus our attention and effort on the next thing on our list. 70 If it is good at its core, it may just reshine. This is why time away, however short, will enable you to perceive your life with fresh eyes—and to break up reality.
选句填空：67-70: BAFD
2024·上海宝山·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Afterward, he sold over 200,000 CDs and his popularity rising. Rather, it was part of one of André Rieu's amazing concerts. As a result, Rieu became a house-hold name and won great popularity. Yet his shows consist of an extensive variety of musical genres and performances. Then, Rieu continued his style until he got his nickname. From early on, Rieu knew what he wanted - his own orchestra.
Mary Poppins held on to her famous black umbrella while floating overhead and singing "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious." The audience watched in amazement, and many sang along! Poppins floated for a bit and eventually landed in the midst of the excited crowd before getting on stage. No, this wasn't a scene from a Disney movie. 67
His background helps explain his passion for music. The world-renowned violinist and conductor was born into a musical family in October 1949 in Maastricht, Netherlands. He began learning to play the violin at age five and immediately fell in love with the instrument!
68 He started by creating a small ensemble (乐团). Then in 1978, Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra, from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra.
They had limited success until 1995 when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game. He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz. 69
Today Rieu is the best-selling classical artist worldwide. He has sold in the ballpark of an astonishing 40 million records. He is the biggest male solo touring artist on the planet. His concerts sell more tickets than Beyoncé and Bruce Springsteen!
Many classical concerts are serious events, but Rieu's are the opposite. He's been nicknamed "The King of the Waltz" because he loves waltzes. 70 Rieu says, "I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen."
His shows are attended by people of all ages and always include surprises, like the delightful appearance by Mary Poppins. As Rieu says,"I only play music that touched my heart. And I know when it touches my heart, it will touch your heart." During his performances, many audience members are visibly moved. They often clap, sing, dance, laugh, weep or hug one another. Rieu promises his audience, "You will have an evening that you will never forget."And he is true to his word.
67-70 BFAD
2024·上海奉贤·二模
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper se ntence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Large roofs can, hence, collect greater amount of water. B. Rainwater can also be used for fountains and ponds. C. We all deeply depend on the nourishment of rain. D. To secure future water supply, we need new sources. E. Now, many people are returning to this practice. F. Rainwater is clean but it gets dirty from the roof.
Rain Collection
What do you like to do on a rainy day —si t inside and listen to the pitter-patter on the roof or splash outside and feel the cold drops on your face Whatever you choose, rain is vitally essential in the nature.
67 It fills rivers and lakes, slowly sinks into the earth, nourishes our plants, and keeps the land alive and beautiful. In the past, people obtained their water from rain, wells, or nearby rivers. Now, many of us live in places where water is piped in, sometimes from far away. Removing so much water from nature and sending it to great distances harm the living things that also need that water.
As climate change heats up the planet and causes extreme weather, more places face water shortages. 68 . One easy place to look for more water is the sky!
Humans have collected rain since ancient times. 69 . They are tapping into this clean and rich source of water provided by nature. By harvesting the rain we can reduce the amount of water we take from rivers and out of the ground.
Even in dry climates, there is a lot of potential rainwater that can be effectively harvested and utilized. This rich yet often overlooked resource has the potential to significantly contribute to water conservation efforts, especially in regions facing water shortages. Just one inch of rain falling on a medium-sized house produces over 600 gallons of water. 70 .
Nowadays, rainwater is still used as a primary supply in many places in the world, like Vietnam and Hawaii. In places with piped-in water, rainwater is not commonly used, but this is changing. Rainwater harvesting is getting more popular since it's easy to do and helps create water security.
67-70 CDEA
2024·上海青浦·二模
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The reaction is caused by nerves that reach into the airway. B. Scientists know about many different stimuli that can cause cough. C. Many infections involve dry coughs that don’t produce phlegm (痰) at all. D. We can’t really detect virus any more in these individuals, and yet they’re still coughing. E. But at least temporarily, they can send us into coughing even when we’re no longer sick. F. Scientists still aren’t sure exactly why otherwise healthy people experience this kind of persistent cough.
Why Are You Still Coughing
Have you caught a cold recently — but can’t get rid of the cough You’re not alone. The symptom can stick around for weeks after our bodies have cleared a virus. Michael Shiloh, a physician specializing in infectious disease research at UT Southwestern Medical Center, says coughing patients often report that they were sick as many as eight weeks prior to seeing him. He says, “____67____”
The United States saw a sharp rise in cases of influenza in late 2023 that’s dragged on into 2024. And though positive tests for the illness have leveled off or decreased countrywide over the past weeks, the number of people seeking healthcare for respiratory (呼吸的) diseases is still elevated across much of the U.S. ____68____ But research on how infections affect nerves in the airway is revealing new clues.
Coughing is an important reaction that protects the airway from dangers like water or bits of mis-swallowed food, says doctor and researcher Lorcan McGarvey of Queen’s University Belfast. ____69____ These nerves are decorated with receptor (受体) proteins that react to everything from cold air to hot pepper. When a stimulus causes those receptors, nerves send signals to the brain that we experience as the urge to cough.
While it may seem obvious that coughing is meant to clear our throats, it’s also possible that viruses cause the reaction to help themselves spread. ____70____ And if we do ultimately cough to clear out our airway during an infection, that still wouldn’t explain what exactly our nerves sense during an infection that causes a cough.
“We don’t know,” says electrophysiologist Thomas Taylor-Clark of the University of South Florida. “But what we can say is that we do know some things, one being that viruses cause infection.”
67-70 DFAC
2024·上海闵行·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Childhood Media Shaping Futures
Much of the media we consume during our formative years shapes us into the people we are today. Reflect on a particular piece of media from our childhood—perhaps it’s the TV show we eagerly awaited every weekend during visits to our grandmother’s house. ___67___ It shapes our dreams and fears and even drives us to future careers.
___68___ Older children may have had a lot more restrictions, like TV shows, movies, and social media access. And because of these, they were able to be a child for longer compared to their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Children who have older siblings tend to show more mature tendencies and can appear to “grow up quicker” than other children their age.
While they might have been restricted from social media accounts until a certain age, once given access, they tend to be more prepared. The media exposure of our generation has undoubtedly led to an increased maturation at younger ages. ___69___
Simply looking back at previous generations and the rate of consumption and processing of information that we experience every day, the effects of such are only beginning. As soon-to-be or current adults, we are already facing issues such as depression, anxiety, and delays in certain learning and social skills, just to name a few. Are we “more mature ” or are we overexposed and at risk for exceptional mental, physical, and emotional consequences
In conclusion, childhood media consumption significantly influences our lives. ___70___ Striking a balance between media exposure and mental well-being is essential for our growth in today’s media-rich world.
A. Such media doesn’t just entertain.
B. You can easily pick out the differences among your siblings.
C. As we journey through adulthood, it’s crucial to reflect on its impact.
D. Media exposure during childhood impacts each child in distinct ways.
E. Additionally, media have proven to have long-term effects on individuals.
F. However, our mental and physical states may not be adequately equipped to handle it.
【答案】67. A 68. D 69. F 70. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍童年时期接触的媒体在塑造孩子的未来方面的影响。
【67题详解】
根据上文“Much of the media we consume during our formative years shapes us into the people we are today. Reflect on a particular piece of media from our childhood—perhaps it’s the TV show we eagerly awaited every weekend during visits to our grandmother’s house. (在我们成长的岁月里，我们接触的许多媒体将我们塑造成现在的样子。回想一下我们童年时的一段特殊媒体记忆——也许这是我们每个周末去祖母家时热切期待的电视节目。)”和下文“It shapes our dreams and fears and even drives us to future careers. (它塑造了我们的梦想和恐惧，甚至驱使我们走向未来的事业。)”可知，这里介绍童年时的一段特殊媒体记忆对孩子的影响。选项A“这样的媒体不仅仅是娱乐。”和上下文意思一致。故选A。
【68题详解】
根据下文“Older children may have had a lot more restrictions, like TV shows, movies, and social media access. And because of these, they were able to be a child for longer compared to their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Children who have older siblings tend to show more mature tendencies and can appear to “grow up quicker” than other children their age. (年龄较大的孩子可能受到了更多的限制，比如电视节目、电影和社交媒体访问。正因为如此，与兄弟姐妹相比，他们能够成为一个更长时间的孩子。有哥哥姐姐的孩子往往表现出更成熟的倾向，看起来比同龄的其他孩子“成长得更快”。)”可知，这一段介绍儿童时期看的视频对孩子不同的影响。选项D“儿童时期接触的媒体以不同的方式影响着每个孩子。”和下文意思一致。故选D。
【69题详解】
根据上文“While they might have been restricted from social media accounts until a certain age, once given access, they tend to be more prepared. The media exposure of our generation has undoubtedly led to an increased maturation at younger ages. (虽然他们可能在一定年龄之前被限制使用社交媒体账户，但一旦获得访问权限，他们往往会更有准备。毫无疑问，我们这一代人的媒体曝光使他们在更年轻的时候更加成熟。)”和下文“Simply looking back at previous generations and the rate of consumption and processing of information that we experience every day, the effects of such are only beginning. As soon-to-be or current adults, we are already facing issues such as depression, anxiety, and delays in certain learning and social skills, just to name a few. Are we “more mature ” or are we overexposed and at risk for exceptional mental, physical, and emotional consequences (简单地回顾一下前几代人以及我们每天经历的信息消费和处理速度，其影响才刚刚开始。作为即将成年或现在的成年人，我们已经面临着抑郁、焦虑以及某些学习和社交技能的延迟等问题。我们是“更成熟了吗？”还是过度暴露，面临着异常的心理、身体和情感后果的风险？)”可知，过早的接触接触社交媒体对孩子有坏的影响。选项F“然而，我们的精神和身体状态可能没有足够的能力来处理它。”和上下文意思一致。故选F。
【70题详解】
根据上文“In conclusion, childhood media consumption significantly influences our lives. (总之，儿童时期接触的媒体对我们的生活产生了重大影响。)”和下文“Striking a balance between media exposure and mental well-being is essential for our growth in today’s media-rich world. (在媒体曝光和心理健康之间取得平衡对我们在当今媒体丰富的世界中的成长至关重要。)”可知，这里要求我们要平衡媒体曝光和心理健康之间的关系。选项C“在我们步入成年的过程中，反思它的影响是至关重要的。”和上下文意思一致。故选C。
2024·上海金山·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. Young consumers no longer blindly chase trendy or luxury items.
B. They excel in using mobile devices and social media for getting information.
C. Their tendency to pay much leads to the development of products and services. D. Their changing behaviors in consumption have promoted high-quality products.
E. In fact, young people are slowly becoming the main force in the consumer market. F. They are willing to pay for products with unique features and innovative services.
The young lead new trends in consumption market
With the post-1990 generation becoming a vibrant (充满活力的) force in society and the post-2000 generation gradually entering the workforce, the purchasing power of the new generation of consumers has been steadily growing.
(67) _______________________ Growing up in the internet era, the young consumers generally have higher education levels and a broader global outlook, and come from a relatively strong economic background. As such, their consumption behavior is different from that of the earlier generations.
In terms of consumption pattern, online shopping has become the top choice for young people. Young people not only comprise a comparatively high percentage of internet users but also tend to shop online. (68) _______________________ This makes them easily influenced by product promotions and influencers on social media.
And yet a trend toward rational consumption has been growing rapidly over the past few years. (69) _______________________ Instead, they focus more on product quality and functionality. They tend to compare products and services, and do some research before making purchasing decisions, in order to get the best out of their purchase. According to a study conducted by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily, 90.1 percent of the 1,000 young respondents said their consumption decision is based on the “spending where necessary and saving where possible” principle. Besides, young consumers seek more personalized and diversified products, reflecting their emotional needs and increasing sense of self-worth. (70) _____________________
When it comes to brand cognition, young consumers seem to favor domestic products. Thanks to information online, young consumers no longer blindly pursue foreign brands and instead prefer local brands, highlighting their confidence in Chinese-made products. From Li-Ning, Anta to Warrior shoes, domestic brands in various fields are being warmly welcomed by young consumers.
EBAF
2024·上海嘉定·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. They highly recognized the effectiveness of TCM, especially its use in pain treatment.
B. Even when drinking herbal milk tea, it's best to make choices accordingly.
C. Being extensive and far-reaching, TCM is deeply connected with Chinese philosophy.
D. Overseas students of TCM, like Phan, are not rare.
E. This led her to major in TCM at a traditional medical school in China.
F. Many other Chinese medicine institutions have adopted similar strategic initiatives.
Global Rise of TCM
Phan Thi Kim Chi's connection with Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） began at an early age. Growing up in a small village in Vietnam, it was inconvenient for Phan to travel to hospitals in neighboring cities. Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child, her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner. 67 According to Phan, even though TCM has long been commonly practiced and accepted in Vietnam, finding a good school to learn TCM in Vietnam is not easy.
As a foreign student, Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one in the curriculum. 68 It requires years of learning and practice to truly understand the concepts of yin and yang, harmony between human and nature, and the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Sometimes she even translates the TCM vocabulary and scripts into Vietnamese so she can remember and comprehend them better.
69 According to a report, the total number of international students studying TCM in China was 8, 187 last year, with the largest population of 6, 441 coming from Asian countries, followed by 832 from Africa and 432 from Europe. Also, many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM.
The booming situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics. It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people. There is a trend among young people to place more emphasis on health conditioning and preservation. However, experts remind that TCM emphasizes the importance of diagnosing and treating based on identifying syndromes （症状）. It is impossible to offer a one-size- fits-all approach to all patients. 70
67-70 ECDB
2024·上海长宁·二模
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2014. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,” and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew. ”
___________47___________ Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.
At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties (惩罚) that continue long after punishment is completed.
Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. _____________48_____________ They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.
In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life. Some laws make senses. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. _____________49_____________ Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse
These laws are also counterproductive (适得其反), since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding. A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. _____________50_____________
The point isn’t to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, and second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.
A. Criminals should pay the price of finding housing or a job and getting qualifications for benefits.
B. Surely, the American ideal of second chances shouldn’t be reserved only for the rich and powerful.
C. But too often collateral (附随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety.
D. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.
E. American’s vast criminal justice system provides criminals with necessary support for living.
F. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing.
【答案】47. B 48. F 49. C 50. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了美国社会关于人们犯罪以后的处罚和对个人的影响。
47题详解】
根据第一段“Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2014. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,” and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew. ”(2014年，玛莎·斯图尔特被指控、审判并被定罪。在她的刑期即将结束时，一位知名专栏作家写道，她正在“付出代价”，“任何人都没有理由试图剥夺她重新开始的权利”)”后文“Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.(不幸的是，许多联邦和州法律对数量惊人的美国人施加了定罪后的限制，使他们无法完全偿还对社会的债务)”可知，第一段提到作家认为玛莎·斯图尔特有重新开始的权利，后文则提到许多联邦和州法律对数量惊人的美国人施加了定罪后的限制，说明美国人拥有第二次重新进入社会的机会是普遍存在的，只是存在定罪后的限制。故B选项“当然，美国人对第二次机会的理想不应该只留给有钱有势的人”符合语境，故选B。
【48题详解】
根据上文“Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances.(这些处罚中有许多是不考虑犯罪的严重程度或个人情况而施加的)”可知，本句主要承接上文，就法律的具体处罚进行举例说明。故F选项“法律可以限制或禁止投票、获得公共住房、专业和商业执照”符合语境，故选F。
【49题详解】
根据上文“In all, more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life. Some laws make senses. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school.(总共有超过45000条法律和法规将大量的人排除在充分参与美国生活之外。有些法律是有道理的。没有人主张让被判有恋童癖的人在学校工作)”以及后文“Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse (一个多年前拥有少量毒品的妇女是否应该永远不能获得护士执照？)”可知，后文的例子表明法律对犯罪的人的惩罚更多是关于限制个人在某些领域或行业的权利，但不涉及到公共安全。故C选项“但是附带后果往往与公共安全无关”符合语境，故选C。
【50题详解】
根据上文“These laws are also counterproductive (适得其反), since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding. A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety.(这些法律也会适得其反，因为它们使有犯罪记录的人更难找到住房或工作，而这两个因素是减少堕落的关键因素。最近的一份报告提出了几项建议，包括废除大多数定罪后的处罚，除了那些特别需要保护公共安全的处罚)”可知，上文提到建议废除大多数定罪后的处罚，除了那些特别需要保护公共安全的处罚，可见对于一些不必要的处罚可以根据犯罪情节决定要不要实施。故D选项“如果处罚不是必须的，只有在案件事实支持的情况下，才应该施加处罚”符合语境，故选D。
2024·上海崇明·二模
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
The drug works by clearing away some of the amyloid protein. The large study followed middle-aged and older adults for 20 years. Knowledge of the timing of these events is critical for preventing Alzheimer’s. The new findings show the order of such biomarker changes common to age-related Alzheimer’s. The higher levels were recorded as much as 18 years before the patients were identified as having Alzheimer’s. The researchers compared 648 people who were later found with Alzheimer’s to an equal number who remained healthy.
Large Study Details Years of Brain Changes in Alzheimer’s Patients
A long-term study in China has shown that a series of changes take place in the brains of people who get Alzheimer’s disease long before they present signs of the sickness.
67 The individuals were examined on a regular basis during that period. The researchers used brain imaging, spinal fluid (脊髓液) checks and other tools to collect data.
The researchers reported that the study subjects who later developed Alzheimer’s showed high levels of disease-linked protein in their spinal fluid. 68 Then every few years, the study detected another so-called biomarker of coming trouble.
Scientists still do not know exactly how Alzheimer’s forms. The disease slowly destroys the brain, affecting the ability to think. Alzheimer’s patients develop proteins called beta-amyloid and tau, which over time build up into plaques (斑块) that block brain processes. The new research, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, offers a timeline for how these proteins develop.
Scientists already knew that in rare, genetic forms of Alzheimer’s that affect young people, a poisonous form of amyloid starts developing about 20 years ahead of symptoms. At some point after that, tau develops as well. 69
“The more we know about Alzheimer’s treatment targets and when to address them, the better and faster we will be able to develop new therapies and preventions,” said Claire Sexton, director of scientific programs with the Alzheimer's Association. She noted that blood tests are coming soon that promise to also help by making it easier to find amyloid and tau.
More than 6 million Americans, and millions more worldwide, have Alzheimer’s. There is no cure. But last year, Leqembi became the first approved drug that could slow the worsening of early Alzheimer’s for a few months. 70 Other drugs are being developed to target tau.
67. B 68. E 69. D 70. A
