Unit 2 Great minds Grammar 动词不定式的用法学案（含答案） 牛津深圳版英语九年级上册

深圳沪教版九年级上册unit2 grammar 动词不定式（学案）
Grammar
A.Infinitives after nouns
To give more information about nouns we can use infinitives after the nouns.
Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different universities. 总结：名词后的动词不定式：是为了给出有关名词的更多信息。
即学即练1：
Jim is telling May about his plete their conversation with the words from the box.
be become help make start
1.I've made a decision.
A decision to do what
________________a genius.
You can't be serious
2.I've got an ability.
________________________ what
________________a great doctor.
I don't believe it!
I've made a plan.
________________________what
___________________________life better for everyone.
You'll probably fail.
I've decided to find a way.
___________________________what
___________________________people live to be 1,000 years old.
You must be joking.
So now is the time
____________________________what
___________________________-work.
I'll give you some advice.
________________________ what
To stop dreaming!
Key：2.An ability to do；An ability to be
A plan to do; A plan to make
A way to do; A way to help
The time to do ;The time to start
Advice to do
即学即练2：
Complete the paragraph below with the words from the box.
become a scientist go to university do Maths try again
At school,Einstein's ability (1)to do Maths surprised his teachers.but he was bored with other subjects.At the age of 15 ,he was given the chance(2)______________________,but he did not do well enough in the exam. He did not lose heart,however, and he had a wish(3)___________________the next year.This time,he succeeded.He kept trying, so he achieved his dream(4)________________________.
Key：2. to go to university 3.to try again 4.to become a scientist
B.Infinitives as subjects
We can use an infinitive as the subject of a sentence.
To tell the truth is important. 注意：动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首。 It is necessary to study hard. = To study hard is necessary. Where to go is still a question.
In most cases. we use it at the beginning of the sentence as an empty subject to refer to the infinitive.
It's a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Dr Einstein. 句型：（It is +n+ to do sth “it 是形式主语，to do sth 是真正的主语”） It is his duty to help the poor. = To help the poor is his duty. 帮助穷人是他的责任。 句型：(It is a / one’s + n. (task / duty / job) + to do sth. ) It was good to have a friend like Einstein. It was easy for Einstein to answer the question. 句型：It + be + 形容词（+ of/ for sb.）+ to do sth （当形容词是与事物的特征有关的词时，如easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary 等，在不定式前面用for引出逻辑主语。但如果形容词是kind, nice, polite, rude, clever, foolish, careful, careless 等描述人的性格、品质的词时，应在不定式前用 of引出逻辑主语。） 总结：动词不定式作主语时，常常用it作形式主语，放在句子的开头； 真正的主语—动词不定式短语置于句末，以避免“头重脚轻”。
Things to remember
We use it +the verb take+(somebody)+a period of time+an infinitive to refer to the length of time spent doing something.
It takes (me)30 minutes to walk to school.
即学即练：
Hans once drove another scientist,Dr Green,from the airport to a university Complete their conversation with infinitives and words in brackets.
Dr Green: Hello, Hans.
Hans: Hello, Dr Green. How long did it take you to get here by plane
Dr Green: (1)_____________________________________(take/two hours)
How long will it take to get to the university
Hans: (2)_____________________________________ (take/20 minutes)
Dr Green: Well, that’s not very long. Hans ,you’re a very good driver.
Is it difficult to drive a car
Hans: No.(3)______________________________________(easy/drive)
Dr Green: Maybe I'll learn to drive some day,but(4)_________________________________
__________________________________________(difficult/for me/learn)right now.I’m
too busy. Do you like your job, Hans
Hans: Yes, I like it a lot. I meet many great people because I’m a driver,(5)____________
_____________________________________(lucky/for me/have/job)
Key：
1.It took me two hours to get here by plane.
2. It’ll take 20 minutes to get to the university.
3.It’s easy to drive a car.
4.it’s difficult for me to learn to drive.
5.It's lucky for me to have this job.
即学即练：
1._____________________________________________ 在那里举行聚会很有意思。
2._____________________________________________ 和你们一起工作非常愉快。
3.It ____________(take) him half an hour ____________(do) his homework every day.
4.It’s very kind____________you ___________(do) that. 你那样做真好。
5.It’s necessary______________ the students __________( do) eye exercises twice a day.
6._________________________________________挽救病人是我们的职责。
Key:
1.It was great fun to have a party there. 在那里举行聚会很有意思。
2.It was a great pleasure work with you. 和你们一起工作非常愉快。
3.It takes him half an hour to do his homework every day.
4.It’s very kind of you to do that. 你那样做真好。
5.It’s necessary for the students to do eye exercises twice a day.
6.It’s our duty to save patients.
C.Infinitives after the verb to be
We also use infinitives after the verb to be.
My wish is to be like Einstein. Jane's dream is to become a scientist 总结： 1.动词不定式常在连系动词be/seem的后面做表语，主语通常是hope/dream/wish/job） 2.多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换为做主语。 Her job is to clean the hall. =To clean the hall is her job.
即学即练：
1.Her wish is to be a teacher.
= ____________________________________________.
___________________________________________.
= To look after the animals is our job.
Key：
1.Her wish is to be a teacher.
= To be a teacher is her wish.
2.Our job is to look after the animals.
= To look after the animals is our job.
即学即练：
Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.Add other words if necessary
do the work/the most important thing/well
_______________________________________________________________________________
in a year/Mr Whites plan/have a small shop
_______________________________________________________________________________
attract the students/my idea/by making a poster
_______________________________________________________________________________
children/her job/take care of
_______________________________________________________________________________
Key:
1. The most important thing is to do the work well.
2.Mr White’s plan is to have a small shop in a year.
3.My idea is to attract the students by making a poster.
4.Her job is to take care of children.
当两个或多个动词不定式并列时，第一个动词不定式加to，后面的动词不定式省略to， I want to visit him and ask for some help.
即学即练：
He wants ___________(go) and _________(go)_____________( swim) with you.
Key:He wants to go and go swimming with you.