四川省部分市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

四川省部分市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末英语试题汇编
阅读理解
四川省德阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学监测考试英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you want to know something about British life, their spirit, and even their humor, watching some classic British films will certainly help. Here are some for you.
Life of Brian
Life of Brian by Terry Jones in 1979 tells the story of a young man who is in a case of mistaken identity (身份).The film shows the unusual and wonderful British sense of humor. As a film certain to entertain, Life of Brian is not to be missed by those looking for an insight into what makes the British laugh.
Trainspotting
Danny Boyle’s 1996 comedy-drama Trainspotting is about a group of Scots in the 1980s, adapted from Irvine Welsh’s book. With a cast of truly great actors, the tale impressed the moviegoers globally. It rapidly became a success.
Notting Hill
Released on 21 May 1999, Notting Hill directed by Roger Michell was well-received and also got a British Comedy Award in the same year. The story is of a romance between a British nobody (Grant) and a Hollywood star (Roberts) who happens to walk into his shop.
The Full Monty
This 1997 film directed by Peter Cattaneo is a comedy about six unemployed men who form a group to make money for a better life. The film receiving British Comedy Awards dives deeper into some serious issues surrounding working-class culture. The Full Monty is an encouraging film that helps know more about the work and life of the working class in Britain.
21. Which film is based on a book
A. Life of Brian. B. Trainspotting.
C. Notting Hill. D. The Full Monty.
22. Which director’s film was released earliest of the four
A. Terry Jones’. B. Danny Boyle’s.
C. Roger Michell’s. D. Peter Cattaneo’s.
23. What is The Full Monty about
A Hardships of film stars. B. The importance of laugh in life.
C. Daily life of some Scots. D. Life of the British working class.
B
It was a warm winter’s day in South Africa and I planned to go surfing. The area of beach I went to is famous among surfers for its powerful waves and popularity with sharks.
After a while my brother and some of my friends got out of the water because they felt uneasy. There was the smell of fish in the air, which can attract sharks. A few of us stayed. Finally, I saw my first big wave, but as I was about to hit it, two great white sharks attacked me.
It happened so quickly. One shark hit me, throwing me into the air; a second later, it dragged me under the water. The shock stopped me from feeling pain. Under the water, another shark went for my head and shoulders but missed.
Perhaps surprised by the competition, the first shark lost its grip (控制) on me and the next thing I knew was that I was staring a shark straight in the face. It stared back at me for a few moments. Its mouth was wide open; I could see huge teeth and dark black eyes. After it passed, I swam to the surface as fast as I could.
When surfing, there is always the fear in the back of your mind of sharks. Now it was real. I was shaking, crying and panicking, realizing that I could die. I tried all my hardest to swim back to the shore. Eventually, I made it to dry land. I felt relief. Someone tied my arm to slow the bleeding and my brother rushed me to the hospital. The surgeon managed to save my fingers.
That day changed my life, but it hasn’t stopped me from surfing. I started a surfing school to teach the sport to others. I was more afraid of sharks before my attack. Now I know what it means to be alive.
24. Why do sharks like appearing at the surfing beach
A. There are powerful waves in winter. B. The beach is their natural habitat.
C. The smell of fish attracts them. D. The beach is crowded with surfers.
25. How did the author narrowly escape to dry land
A. By swimming as fast as possible. B. By surfing on his surfboard alone.
C. By frightening the sharks away. D. By fighting with the sharks at once.
26. What can be inferred about the author in the text
A. He is more afraid of sharks. B. He is appreciative of being alive.
C. He started a surfing school. D. He didn’t surf after the incident.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. An activity in South Africa. B. A safety problem for surfers.
C. A terrible lesson for surfers. D. An experience of a surfer.
C
Scientists discovered that fewer humpback whales made the singing noises, as their population grew. “It was getting more difficult to actually find singers,” marine biologist Rebecca Dunlop in Brisbane said. She added, “When there were fewer of them, there was a lot of singing-now that there are lots of them, no need to be singing so much.”
Eastern Australia’s humpback whales came close to disappearing in the 1960s. With the end of commercial whaling (捕鲸), the population began to regrow, climbing to about 27,000 whales by 2015. That number is near estimated pre-whaling levels. As the density (密度) of whales increased, their singing behaviors changed. While 2 in 10 males made crying noises in 2004, 10 years later the number had dropped to 1 in 10, Dunlop said.
The team’s study appeared in a recent issue of Nature Communications Biology. Dunlop said she thinks singing played a big part in bringing in mates when populations severely declined. When humpbacks live in denser populations, males looking for mates also have to deal with competing whales.
Boris Worm, an ocean biologist, was not involved in the research. “As animal populations recover, they change their behavior-they have different cries,” Worm said. The research suggests the seas are still noisy with humpback whale sounds.
Many humpbacks seek to bring in mates with a combination of singing and physical movements, the study notes. The large increase in the humpback population during the study period provided valuable data about changes in the animals’ behavior and they must have been singers long before whaling reduced their numbers, said Simon Ingram. But the new study demonstrates (证明) how necessary their complex and beautiful songs were to their survival and recovery, he added.
28 Which may make humpback whales sing in the discovery
A. The power of waves. B. The use of microphone.
C. The feeling of loneliness. D. The increase of their numbers.
29. What does Paragraph 2 mainly say about humpback whales
A. Their sudden disappearance. B. Their sharp rise in numbers.
C. Their being well protected. D. Their change in behaviors.
30. What does the underlined word “declined” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Increased. B. Dropped. C. Climbed. D. Recovered.
31. Which does Simon Ingram agree
A. Humpbacks’ behaviors have never changed.
B. Humpbacks’ numbers increased by whaling.
C. Humpbacks’ singing noises are important.
D. Humpbacks’ singing will disappear soon.
D
A rising number of Chinese mobile apps are having an influence around the world. From top short-video app TikTok to the biggest fashion app Shein and karaoke video app StarMaker，the Chinese apps are getting big. In 2021, the overseas revenue (收益) of China’s entertainment apps grew 204 percent year-on-year, according to a report by market research company, iResearch. The US, Japan and South Korea were the main overseas sources of income for Chinese apps. Downloads of Chinese apps also increased in Africa, the Middle East and Southeast Asia in 2021.
Experts said that this has shown the strong innovative (创新的) power of Chinese companies. “The global market is promising for Chinese companies. Though it takes a long time to develop a brand in foreign markets, Chinese companies are good at research and development,” said Fang Han, the developer of StarMaker.
For example, TikTok has more than one billion downloads in 150 markets and 75 languages worldwide, noted Harvard Business Review. Apart from showing videos to users according to their interests, it also offers simple creative video editing tools, such as music, filters (滤镜) and stickers (贴纸) to meet local cultural needs, reported People’s Daily.
The Chinese government has also made great efforts to encourage companies to go global. In July 2021, a guideline came out. It says more efforts will be made to help with the companies’ research and development overseas. They are encouraged to work together with foreign technology companies in fields such as big data, 5G and artificial intelligence.
32. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. The rising number of Apps. B. The promising global market.
C. The Chinese apps getting big. D. The growing overseas revenue of apps.
33. What are music, filter and stickers intended for
A. Editing videos. B. Introducing the local culture.
C. Beautifying the style. D. Drawing public attention.
34. What can we know from the text
A. The global markets mainly depends on Asia and Africa.
B. The stylish Apps attract overseas customers more easily.
C. The overseas revenue in 2020 is double of that in 2021.
D. Innovative power matters in the popularity of the apps.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. Chinese Apps Go Global
B. Chinese Companies Market Themselves
C. Chinese Apps Push Scientific Development
D. Chinese Government Cares More about Global Market
四川省绵阳市高中2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学质量测试英语试题
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The British Museum
Gallery Art Session
National curriculum links
●Art & Design
About this session
Gallery Art sessions take place in one or more of the Museum’s galleries. Your students explore a theme chosen by you and are led by an artist-educator. The sessions reflect the diversity of world cultures through the British Museum’s collections.
Format: gallery workshop, Q&A, practical art-based activities, discussion
Capacity: 15 per group(max 30 students per day, split into 2 groups)
Duration: 90 minutes
Price: Free
In detail
●The session begins with an introduction to the Museum and its collections.
●The artist-educator will lead students through an exploration of the theme in several galleries.
●It concludes with a meeting which highlights the questions to ask when examining museum objects, the skills of recording information gathered in a museum and a summary of the key themes of the session.
Before your visit
●The purpose of the Museum visit, for example, collecting material for a particular project or examining objects from a particular culture or period, should be made clear before arrival and students should know the expected outcomes of the visit.
After your visit
●Your session and museum visit should be recorded, e. g. using digital cameras, notes and drawings so that further in depth research can be done.
Find out more
A selection of galleries below may be visited during the session.
●Room 25: Africa
●Room 26: North America
●Room 27: Asia
1. Who is the text intended for
A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. D. Artists.
2. Which of the following is required of students before the art session
A. Pay the tickets in groups. B. Plan the outcome with others.
C. Record the visit with notes. D. Know the purpose of the visit.
3. What can students do during the art session
A. Draw the collections. B. Choose some themes.
C. Visit various galleries. D. Introduce the Museum.
B
This morning, while tidying up my office, I found an open box of packaged chocolate cookies that I’d bought sometime last year. The use-by date had come and gone more than eight months ago. Curious, I took a small bite. They still tasted pretty good.
Welcome to the world of ultra-processed (超加工) foods. And we’re eating a lot of them. Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams. You might not realize you’re eating one, but look close and you’ll see many ingredients you wouldn’t find in your kitchen.
And a large and growing amount of evidence has consistently linked overconsumption of ultra-processed foods to poor health outcomes. “Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).
One reason ultra-processed foods likely lead to health issues seems obvious: They tend to be low in fiber and high in calories, salt, added sugar and fat, which are all linked with poor health outcomes when eaten too much.
Eventually, Gardner says the burden of making healthier food choices shouldn’t fall completely on consumers-especially when it comes to setting kids up for better health long term. “It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says.
4. What does the author want to say in the second paragraphs
A. Ultra-processed foods preserve the flavor long.
B. Ultra-processed foods have become a big part of our diet.
C. Convenience explains the popularity of ultra-processed foods.
D. A lot of health problems result from consumption of ultra-processed foods.
5. What does the underlined word “overconsumption” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Overproduction. B. Overselling. C. Overstore. D. Overeating.
6. What is a result of too much ultra-processed food in people’s lives
A. Fewer diseases. B. Health problems.
C. Dietary changes. D. Market competition.
7. What is Gardner’s suggestion for making kids healthier in the long term
A. Punish the food industry. B. Reduce kids’ consumption.
C. Unite efforts from all sides. D. Make smarter food choices.
C
Researchers are trying to explore creative ways to reduce e-waste. Now one team has invented a water-activated battery (水激活电池) made of paper and other sustainable materials.
Some e-waste is relatively large: old phones and air conditioners, for instance. Other e-waste is more unnoticeable, such as batteries. It’s these small batteries that are big problems. Nobody really pays attention to where they end up. Researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology are working to address this problem. They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.
A traditional battery is made of plastic, metal or other harmful materials. The paper battery works the same as a traditional battery. It has a positively charged (带电的) side, a negatively charged side, and a conductive material (传导材料) between the two. In the new battery, the positively and negatively charged sides are inks printed onto the front and back of a piece of paper. That paper is filled with salt, which dissolves (溶解) when the paper is wet. When the paper is dry, the battery is off. Once the paper is wet, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance worsens as the paper dries. When the scientists rewet the paper during testing, the battery begins to work again and lasts an hour before beginning to dry out again.
Although the researchers showed that their battery could power an alarm clock, it is unlikely to replace standard batteries now. It is hard to predict a time line for producing such batteries in a large number, but that future may not be so far off.
“This really starts with the development of sustainable materials,” Nystr m, the lead author, explains, “From there, I think we are able to create something that is quite useful.”
8. Why did the researchers invent the new batteries
A. To replace harmful batteries. B. To develop sustainable materials.
C. To power common devices. D. To make e-waste more noticeable.
9. In what aspect are the traditional and the new batteries different
A. Sizes. B. Usages. C. Materials. D. Functions.
10. What do we know about the paper used in the new batteries
A. It dries within 20 seconds. B. It can be used many times.
C. It has ink on the front side. D. It breaks easily in salt water.
11. What can be inferred about the new battery from the last two paragraphs
A. It stores huge power. B. It takes ages to make it.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It has a promising future.
D
Imagine a small lifestyle change that could both reduce your weight and risk of depression and boost your productivity. It’s as simple as getting up early on a regular basis. More interestingly, science is supporting it.
In a 2019 experiment by Monash University, night owls reported feeling less depression, stress and daytime sleepiness after their body clocks were brought forward by two hours across a three-week period.
Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls. According to those early birds, advantages of the morning include less distraction, more time and more space to think and get work done. There are fewer other people up, fewer phone calls, text messages, emails and more. Also, studies show our abilities, energy and mood are generally at their peak in the morning, including late morning.
How early is “early” Scientists haven’t yet determined an ideal, exact time to start and end the day. It is suggested that people should adjust sleep timing with the sun’s daily cycle and light. But it doesn’t mean to rise as soon as natural light first appears. Also, many of us suffer from sleep problems during the night that make rising early undesirable. And if you’re a natural owl, trying to change your pattern might not favor you.
Pay attention when you feel most energetic. While being an early riser may have benefits for your health, what’s more important is getting enough, quality sleep and keeping a regular pattern. Don’t set the alarm for 5:30 am if it means reducing overall sleep time. You could end up suffering from negative effects of sleep deprivation(缺乏), including a poorer mood and energy, less ability to concentrate, weight gain and more.
12. What do the underlined words “night owls” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. People who rise early. B. People who sleep late.
C. People who are depressed. D. People who are overweight.
13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. When our abilities are best. B. What advantages of mornings are.
C. Why early birds perform better. D. Who communicates in the morning.
14. What might happen to you if you set your alarm too early
A. You will lose some weight. B. You could have more work done.
C You may find it hard to focus. D. You can see the first natural light.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Power of Rising Early. B. The Habits of Morning Types.
C. The Amount of Sleep Time. D. The Benefits of Lifestyle Changes.
四川省自贡市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Waterways Watch Explorer
Driven by the vision to be a City of Gardens and Water, our island has started a journey to create beautiful and clean water bodies within living spaces. This movement is brought about by the Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters(ABC Waters)Programme launched by the Public Utilities Board(PUB).
Being an interactive learning path designed for students, Waterways Watch Explorer(WWE)aims to provide students with the opportunity to explore our ABC Waters while learning the history and significance to our efforts towards water sustainability (可持续性). Students will also get to discuss and learn about various environmental issues including climate change and water pollution through informative games and hands-on activities. And WWE is suitable for upper primary to lower secondary students.
Details/Information:
Duration: 2 Hours
Group Size: Maximum—40 participants/session
Equipment/Items needed:
·All materials will be provided by WWS
·Participants are to bring their own personal water bottles, pens and paper
·Participants are to wear comfortable outdoor clothes with covered shoes
Price:
·$10/per person. For more information, please consult via the official website of WWE
Important Note:
·This programme can be conducted under shelter and therefore would not be affected by weather conditions
·Allowances may be available for schools
1. What can students do if they join in WWE
A. Find an effective way of learning. B. Study the history of the ABC Waters.
C. Solve different environmental problems. D. Travel into the ABC Waters to learn about it.
2. What do we know about WWE
A. It provides all items needed. B. It is not affected by bad weather.
C. It is suitable for students of all ages. D. It is free of charge to primary students.
3. Where is the text probably taken
A. A short story. B. A history book.
C. A science report. D. A school-tour website.
B
Everything Everywhere All At Once star Michelle Yeoh recently made history by becoming the first Asian woman to win “Best Actress” at the Academy Awards. She won the award for her role as Evelyn Quan Wang, a middle-aged laundry owner and Chinese-American immigrant who discovers multiple versions of herself in parallel universes. In Evelyn’s attempts to save the multiverse (多元宇宙) from destruction, the film takes a mind-bending trip through different types, mixing absurdist humour with heartfelt explorations of human connection.
However, before Yeoh landed the role, she was not a big name in Hollywood. In fact, many critics have incorrectly described her performance in Everything Everywhere All At Once as her breakthrough, despite she beginning her acting career in the 1980s. Although Yeoh did find mainstream success upon starring in Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, her role in EEAAO has truly given the actor the fame she finally deserves.
Before Yeoh made it to Hollywood, she appeared in many Hong Kong action movies, performing most of the stunts (特技) by herself, even though she had never been formally trained to do so. Her first role came in 1984 with The Owl vs Bombo. However, her leading role in 1985’s Yes, Madam saw Yeoh become a star of Chinese cinema. It was the 21st-highest-income film of the year in Hong Kong, and Yeoh’s performance, particularly the fight scenes, was praised.
However, Yeoh has actively spoken out against Hollywood’s lack of accessibility for women of colour, also pointing out her inability to find roles as she has grown older. Thus, over the decades, it was really hard for Yeoh to gain success in Hollywood, although her recent Oscar win is sure to finally send her to even greater, well-deserved heights.
4. What can we learn about the film Everything Everywhere All At Once
A. It features self-exploration.
B. All the actors have been awarded in Oscar.
C. It has become the annual best-seller around the world.
D. It is about a common people’s road to become an Oscar winner.
5. What do the underlined words “a big name” mean in paragraph 2
A. A trouble maker. B. A black sheep.
C. A social butterfly. D. A major player.
6. What can we say about Michelle Yeoh as an actress
A. She lacks experience in martial arts. B. She has never gained success in Hollywood.
C. She has put great efforts into her own stunts. D. She prefers to play Chinese characters in her life.
7. Why was it hard for Michelle Yeoh to succeed in Hollywood
A. The characters in Hollywood are hard to play as she grows older.
B. The market of martial arts films in Hollywood is getting weak.
C. She is faced with inequality of colour and age in Hollywood.
D. Hollywood dislikes actresses with an outspoken character.
C
European Union member states gave final approval Tuesday to a plan that would require all new cars sold in the EU to be zero-emission (零排放) vehicles starting in the year 2035. It’s part of the EU’s plan to address climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and more ambitious than similar efforts in America. A quarter of the group’s emissions come from the transportation sector, and 70% of that is road traffic.
“The direction of travel is clear: in 2035, new cars and vans must have zero emissions,” European Commission Executive Vice President Timmermans said in a statement. “The new rules on CO2-emissions from cars and vans are a key part of the European Green Deal and will be a big contribution to our target of being climate neutral by 2050,” Timmermans added.
The plan also requires that, by the year 2030, the average emissions of new cars drop by 55% and the average emissions of new vans drop by 50%, compared with vehicle emissions in 2021.
There’s one major warning to the plan. The European Commission said it would carve out a favorable policy for the continued sale of cars that run on e-fuels past 2035 at Germany’s request according to Reuters. E-fuels are made using captured CO2 emissions. Poland opposed (反对) the new law, the BBC reported, and Italy, Bulgaria and Romania didn’t vote.
But there is no deny that the plan has an extremely good future. President Biden has said he supports the rise of electric vehicles, and in 2021 he signed an official order setting a goal that half of all new passenger cars and light trucks sold in the U.S. in 2030 be zero-emission vehicles, including plug-in hybrids. Several states have announced future bans on gas-powered cars, though.
However, the shift from petrol engines to electric vehicles won’t be as easy as turning a key. Some of the challenges of switching to zero-emission vehicles include the relatively high cost of electric cars and a lack of charging infrastructure (基础设施).
8. What is the purpose of the new vehicle plan
A. To promote car sales in the EU.
B. To decrease the greenhouse gas emission.
C. To show the advantages of gas-powered cars.
D. To introduce new electric vehicles to be sold in the EU.
9. What can we infer about the new vehicle plan
A. It wins the support from all the EU citizens.
B. It can be carried out effortlessly and smoothly.
C. It calls for improvement of electric vehicles’ charging access.
D. It may receive strong opposition from electric vehicles makers.
10. What is the author’s attitude to the shift from petrol engines to electric vehicles
A. Cautious. B. Unclear. C. Positive. D. Uncaring.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. New cars in the EU will be zero-emission from 2035.
B. The EU reaches an agreement to improve vehicle quality.
C. The law on zero-emission vehicle causes heated discussion.
D. The new zero-emission U. S vehicles will win the EU market.
D
Anxieties (忧虑) about children and reading are not unusual, but news that fewer than half of those aged between 8 and 18 admit to actually enjoying it — the lowest level since 2005 — should raise a red flag. The survey, conducted by the National Literacy Trust ahead of World Book Day last Thursday, also showed a worrying picture of growing inequality.
10% of 3,000 parents interviewed across the UK said they were too stressed to read to their child because of economic pressures. And the percentage doubled among those who described themselves as struggling with financial problems. However, the sales data for the last year, released by an organization called Nielsen BookScan, showed a 15% increase in the overall number of children’s books sold compared with 2019. If poorer families are spending less of the money invested in children’s reading, it follows that richer families must be investing more.
Therefore, what is to be done At a time of financial stress, libraries have a key role to play. A positive sign that they are doing so came with borrowing figures for last year. Libraries are where children of all ages go to choose books for themselves, different from bookshops, which is always influenced by parents’ budgets and tastes.
This is why the libraries are such an important part of the reading ecology. However, libraries have long been in the frontline (前线) of cuts to public services, especially libraries in schools. While prisons in the UK have libraries, primary schools are not. The result, according to one survey, is that 14% of kids have no library space at all. This disadvantage is more serious in the north of England, where children’s reading scores are lower.
As Children’s Prize winner in 2021, the author Cressida Cowell wrote an open letter to the prime minister, Boris Johnson, calling for an annual investment of 100 million a year in primary school libraries. Her demand should be taken seriously, as it directly meets the needs of children most badly affected by the cost of living crisis.
12. Which statement does the author probably agree with
A. Families with financial problems are on the increase.
B. Family income influences children’s chance of reading.
C. Children are not willing to read because of study pressure.
D. Some UK parents can’t afford the time to read books for children.
13. What can we infer about libraries in the UK
A. They tend to reflect parents’ tastes.
B. They exist in every prison and school.
C. They have already got enough financial support.
D. They promote equality in children’s reading to some extent.
14. What does the author think of Cressida Cowell’s open letter
A. It satisfies all citizens. B. It will be taken into account.
C. It offers reasonable advice. D. It will solve the problem of inequality.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Reading: a Mirror of Economy. B. Children’s Reading: a Gift for All.
C. Libraries: the Key to Reading Ability. D. An Interview: Poor Families Are in Need.
四川省泸州市2022-2023学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
One of the main things to explore in every place is its food! With these perfect food festivals around the world, you can have a big chance to taste delicious food and enjoy a lot of funny activities and events.
Pizzafest
Join a number of people on this fine night of September when the village of Naples gets ready to make and eat more than 100,000 pizzas of every kind, including 50-unusual historic versions, such as classics Napo-letana and Margherita!
Where: Naples, Italy
Herring (鲱鱼) Festival
The Herring Festival is one of the unique cultural food festivals around the world. Each April, schools of herring swim into the Ringkobing Fjord in Denmark to lay eggs. And when they do, it’s party time for fishermen, and for scores of people coming into the town to enjoy plenty of pickled (腌制的), sliced, caked, fried, and baked herring! So, make sure you don’t miss this one!
Where: Hvide Sande, Denmark
Dumpling Festival
Does your mouth start to water when you think of steamy and juicy dumplings If yes, then this festival is just for you. Taste zongzi dumplings —glutinous rice with different fillings wrapped in bamboo, lotus or banana leaves—on the fifth day of the fifth Chinese lunar month. You will feel the friendliness of the Chinese people.
Where: Hong Kong, China.
Salon du Chocolat
Are you a fan of chocolates and fashions alike Then you must head to taste some high-quality chocolates produced in Ecuador and attend the Salon du Chocolat festivain Quito. The festival lets you enjoy the taste of the finest chocolates, and watch a fashion show with models wearing dresses made of... Can you guess
Where: Quito, Ecuador (厄瓜多尔)
1. What can you do during the Herring Festival
A. Taste various Asian foods. B. Visit many fishermen.
C. Learn some cooking methods. D. Explore different tasty herring.
2. What can be a highlight of Salon du Chocolat
A. Chocolate fans. B. Funny models.
C. The fashion show. D. The traditional dresses.
3. In which section of a magazine can we read the text
A. Culture B. Nature. C. Fashion. D. Entertainment.
B
When I was at the age of nine, my parents took us to the lake, 10 miles away, every day for a whole summer, me and my two brothers, Hap and Danny. To be honest, we were all a little too wild.
At that time, our car had only an outdated AM radio. A trip to the lake meant over an hour in the car, along with winding mountain roads where the AM radio could not pick up any signal. My parents must have figured out early that if they didn’t keep us three boys busy and focused, we would eventually start fighting just to have something to do. They made up various games. They told wonderful stories. He could even recite (背诵) “Casey at the Bat,” “The Raven,” “Dangerous Dan McGrew” or any of the other narrative poems at the drop of a hat.
One of the poems that fascinated me most was a bit of nonsense verse (打油诗) which I later found out was called “The Dying Fisherman’s Song.” It begins: “It was a summer’s day in winter / And the rain was snowing fast / As a barefoot girl with shoes on/ Stood sitting in the grass...” I was hooked. These lines in my head were kept repeating over and over, week after week, until they burned new electrical pathways in my brain.
I did what any 9-year-old poetry addict would do, given the circumstances: I read CRICKET magazine, hungrily. I was greatly influenced by their poems, and I am so thankful for what its publisher, Marianme Carus, did—creating such a prefect magazine for 9-year-olds. Yes, I fell in love with funny children’s poetry. It’s a love affair that continues to this day, 10 books related with poetry (of my own) later.
4. What can we say about the author’s parents
A. They were hard on their sons. B. They knew their children well.
C. They were famous game makers. D. They focused on adventure education.
5. What might the underlined word “hooked” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Shocked. B. Scared. C. Attracted. D. Confused.
6. What does the author think of CRICKET magazine
A. It made him a child poet. B. It was intended for young poets.
C. It had a significant impact on him. D. It was Marianme Carus’s first book.
7. Why does the author write this passage
A. To introduce a poetry addict. B. To show off his creation talent.
C. To recommend some funny poetry. D. To share his passion for poetry.
C
Exilien is a bayakou, the Haitian term for laborers who empty latrines (粪坑). I took his photo while he was cleaning out a toilet that served several families in Port-au-Prince. I’d been assigned to photograph a National Geographic story.
People dislike bayakou. Therefore, many bayakou operato at night and hide what they do—even from their families. Finding a bayakou who would agree to be photographed proved to be the most difficult part of this project. But after five months of trying, I connected with Exilien. He was eager for me to document his work because he rejects the idea that his profession is shameful. He is proud of what he does and wants to be respected.
I arranged to meet Exilien and his two colleagues late at night in a courtyard between several houses. My photo editor had been concerned about the conditions so I’d packed protective equipment: face mask and scarf (to block the smell) as well as rain coat (to protect my clothes). But when it came time to put it all on, I found I couldn’t do it. I didn’t want to make him feel like his job was extremely unpleasant. It’s his profession, something only a few people know how to do, and he does it well.
Most of the lights in the courtyard were out, and the families were asleep. The toilet in the our house hadn’t been emptied in more than a year. Exilien began his work by reaching into the hole to spoon out the freshest layer. His two partners skillfully pour the waste into what looked like old seed bags, tying them up perfectly without any leaks. They had more experience than Exilien and had graduated from cleaning the hole. In order to bear the smell and discomfort, the three men drank and smoked throughout the night.
Exilien wanted people to see what he does. No one wants to be invisible. That’s what I find so powerful about photography. When you take someone’s picture, you are telling them: Your life is important.
8. Why did Exilien agree to be photographed
A. He wanted to get famous. B. He hoped to be recognized.
C. He could gain some rewards. D. He felt ashamed of himself.
9. What did the author decide to do about his protective equipment
A. Stop using it. B. Take good advantage of it.
C. Keep it for next time. D. Donate it to the three men.
10. What can we infer about Exilien’s partners
A. They worked harder than before. B. They were addicted to alcohol.
C. They were more skillful than him. D. They just finished higher education.
11. What is the author’s final attitude towards a bayakou
A. Indifferent. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Respectful.
D
Twins may be more common today than at anytime in history. Researchers analyzed records from 165 countries and found a significant rise in twin birth rates since the 1980s, with one in 42 people now born a twin. According to the survey, the global twin birth rate has risen by one-third, on average, over the past 40 years.
“The trends are really quite striking,” said Christiaan Monden, a professor at Oxford University. “Over the past 40 years we’ve seen a strong increase in twinning rates in rich and developed countries. Globally, twinning rates have risen from nine to twelve per 1,000 births since the 1980s, but the picture varies from country to country. The greatest rises are seen in North America (71%), Europe (60%) and Asia (32%). In the UK, twinning rates rose about 62%. In the Oxford study, a decrease of more than 10% was found in only seven countries over the dates surveyed. “The absolute number of twin deliveries (分娩) has increased everywhere except South America,” Monden said. “In North America and Africa, the numbers have increased by more than 80%, and in Africa this increase is caused almost entirely by population growth.”
Raj Mathur, a doctor at St. Mary’s Hospital in Manchester, said, “It doesn’t surprise us that twinning rates have increased because the availability of assisted reproduction (生殖) has increased and also because women are slightly older when they have their first children, and both those things will increase the twinning rate.”
“The majority of twin babies are completely fine, but there is no doubt that a twin pregnancy (怀孕) carries greater risks for the mother and the baby. So when we can avoid it, we should avoid it. The principle we follow is simply summed up by the phrase ‘one at a time’,” Mathur said.
12. What do we know about the survey
A. It saw a world population growth. B. It lasted nearly fifty years.
C. It was the first research about twins. D. It was based on plenty of data.
13. Where can we hardly find the twinning rates rise
A. South America. B. Asia. C. Europe. D. Africa.
14. What can we infer from Mathur’s words
A. It’s dangerous to be with child. B. It’s wise to bring up a single baby.
C It’s best to have one baby at a birth. D. It’s unavoidable to give birth to a twin.
15. What can be a suitable title for the passage
A. The Principle of Delivering Babies
B. More Twin Babies Than Ever Before
C. No Doubt About the Present Twinning Rates
D. A Great Breakthrough in Human Reproduction
四川省巴中市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Clifton College's The English Experience
Location: Bristol
Ages: 12 to 17
Fees（费用）: 2 Weeks: 2740; 3 Weeks: 4110; 4 Weeks: 5480
Start Dates: 9, 16, 23, 30 July & 6, 13 August 2023
The English Experience challenges students while building their confidence in English and many other skills that are useful inside and outside the classroom. At the beginning of each week, students are put into small groups and given a complex problem to work through to find a solution and present it in their chosen way. Teachers are there to guide the students, which is why class sizes are 12 at most.
In the afternoons, students choose an elective（选修科目）to follow for 6 hours per week. These include such courses as news reporting, presentation skills, a Mini UN, and creative writing. Extra electives such as professional golf, tennis, and football coaching, as well as horse riding and exam preparation, lead to an additional cost.
Students go on two full-day excursions（短途旅行）per week. Mid-week excursions are planned around that week's topic, so on the environmental week we go to a local environmental activity centre, while the theatre week involves a trip to a West End show with a drama workshop. Saturday excursions are more relaxed but still engaging, and include set time for shopping. Sunday excursions are shorter but also include an entrance to a local attraction.
21. What do we know about The English Experience
A. It has six different time periods. B. It admits 12 students at most.
C. It divides students into two groups. D. It only trains students' English skills.
22. What will you have to do if you choose horse riding in the afternoon
A. Quit a full-day excursion. B. Try to learn it for 6 hours.
C. Pay some extra money. D. Choose another course.
23. Which will you choose if you hope to experience the week's theme
A. Pre-week excursion. B. Mid-week excursion.
C. Saturday excursion. D. Sunday excursion.
B
Jonathan, a Seychelles giant tortoise（巨龟）living on the island of Saint Helena, turned 190 years old. The event was celebrated with a big party, which included a special salad cake.
Nobody knows for sure how old Jonathan is. But in 1882, he was brought from the Seychelles as a gift to Sir William Grey-Wilson, who lived in Saint Helena. Pictures taken around that time show that Jonathan was already full-grown. Since it takes about 50 years for Seychelles giant tortoises to become adults, animal experts say Jonathan must have been born around 1832. To help keep things straight, Saint Helena's current governor（管理者）, Nigel Phillips, gave Jonathan the official birthday of December 4, 1832. That's earned him the Guinness World Record for the world's oldest land animal.
In 1890, William became the governor of Saint Helena. He brought Jonathan along with him to live at the governor's home, Plantation House. Since then, over 30 other governors have come and gone from Plantation House. But Jonathan has remained. Currently, another three are staying there with him. Jonathan is a local star. For his birthday, he's now being honored on a series of stamps. Saint Helena held a three-day party. People were invited to Plantation House to visit him. People made him a special salad cake to celebrate.
Jonathan was born before the Internet, computers, TVs, radios, telephones, or light bulbs ever existed. There weren't even typewriters, electric motors, or photographs. Forty different presidents have led the US since he was born. Jonathan was born before global warming began and before plastic was ever invented.
Though Jonathan is still very active, he's blind, and he can no longer smell things. Now he needs to be fed by hand. But he eats lots of vegetables and fruits, including carrots, apples and bananas. His sense of hearing is also still strong. He recognizes the voice of Joe Hollins, who looks after him, and gives responses to it.
24. What can be learnt about Jonathan
A. He met William as a baby tortoise. B. He is the world's oldest animal.
C. His birthplace is Saint Helena. D. His exact age is known to nobody.
25. How many giant tortoises are there in Plantation House now
A. 3. B. 4. C. 31. D. 40.
26. What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A. To say Jonathan's long lifetime. B. To introduce Jonathan's way of life.
C. To explain Jonathan's main changes. D. To praise Jonathan's social role.
27. Why does Jonathan need to be fed by hand
A. He has already become lazy. B. He's too old to move his body.
C. He's suffering health problems. D. He is often particular about food.
C
Canada's western provinces are being hit hard by wildfires. Alberta has been hit especially hard. Heavy smoke from the fires has spread far beyond the region.
Alberta has been fighting wildfires for several weeks. Nearby British Columbia and Saskatchewan have also been seriously hit by wildfires. So far, the wildfires in Alberta have burned 8,420 square kilometers of land. Currently, 77 wildfires are still burning in Alberta, and 23 of the fires are considered out of control. That's better than last week. In British Columbia, 89 fires are burning, and 22 are out of control. In British Columbia, about 1,350 square kilometers of land have been burned. Around 2,500 fire fighters have been working to bring the fires under control.
In Alberta, the wildfires have made over 29,000 people homeless. People have also been forced to evacuate in British Columbia and Saskatchewan. The fires have created so much smoke that it can be seen from space. The air quality across northwest Canada has been described as Very High Risk. The smoke is even affecting the air quality in several states in the United States. The wildfires have also caused problems for a number of oil and gas companies in Canada. Alberta is famous for producing oil and gas. Many oil companies have been forced to shut down.
Wildfires aren't unusual in western Canada. But generally, the wildfire season begins later in the year. The early fires this year have been made much worse by extremely hot and dry weather. For most of May, a high-pressure weather system has been bringing record temperatures to the area. Many locations in Alberta have never seen higher temperatures than they have this year. The high temperature in Alberta on Sunday was 32.8℃.
28. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about concerning the wildfires
A. What they have caused. B. How they are getting along.
C. Where they are happening. D. Who are putting them down.
29. What does the underlined word "evacuate" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Wait patiently. B. Go on working.
C. Fight back bravely. D. Leave their homes.
30. How does the author find this year's wildfires in western Canada
A. They are worth arguing. B. They are not serious.
C. They are understandable. D. They happen normally.
31. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. A magazine. C. A novel. D. A newspaper.
D
Watching a huge robotic arm pour layers of concrete（混凝土层）might not sound that exciting. But videos of this process, known as 3D printing, are getting tens of millions of views on social media. They're giving people a world in which affordable 3D-printed houses are the new normal.
Aiman Hussein is director of printing technologies at Alquist. Hussein's most-watched posts show the company's printers layering row after row of concrete to build up a house's outer walls. Hussein started making the videos and posting them to document what Alquist is doing. But he soon realized something. They were talking about 3D-printing industry with people online. Watching them is "so satisfying," he says.
In December 2021, a Virginia family moved into a 3D-printed house. Alquist had built it for Habitat for Humanity's homebuyer program. Zachary Mannheimer, Alquist's founder and CEO, says 3D-printed homes cost less than homes made with wood. "Since the Habitat for Humanity home was completed," he said last spring, "we've been averaging anywhere between 25 and 50 requests for 3D-printed homes per hour. At the moment, there're fewer than 10 companies using this technology in America. To really solve the affordable-housing crisis, we'd need more like 50."
Ryan Smith is director of the School of Architecture at the University of Arizona. He agrees that 3D printing could transform the construction industry. But he warns that American labor and supply chains for home-building are set up to handle wood, not concrete. "If you change the methods of construction," Smith says, "you would have to develop a whole workforce around that, to be able to manage it." Affordable 3D-printedl homes aren't going mainstream（主流）anytime soon. But getting people interested may be the first step. Hussein's videos "unlock your imagination for what else is possible," Mannheimer says. "We can excite a whole new generation about building things with computers and machines instead of shovels（铲车）."
32. What's Hussein's initial purpose of making the videos
A. To show the 3D-printers online. B. To sell the 3D-printed houses.
C. To record the company's work. D. To discuss printing technologies.
33. What's people's attitude to 3D-printedl homes
A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.
34. Which does Smith probably agree with about 3D-printed homes
A. Alquist must reduce their costs. B. US concrete can't meet their needs.
C. There're enough engineers for them. D. America isn't ready for them yet.
35. What is the best title for the text
A. 3D-printed Homes Are on the Way B. 3D-printing Technologies Are in
C. Alquist Produces 3D-printing Tools D. People Look for 3D-printed Houses
答案
四川省德阳市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学监测考试英语试题
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部经典英国电影。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Trainspotting部分中“Danny Boyle’s 1996 comedy-drama Trainspotting is about a group of Scots in the 1980s, adapted from Irvine Welsh’s book.(丹尼·博伊尔1996年的喜剧《猜火车》改编自欧文·威尔士的小说，讲述了20世纪80年代的一群苏格兰人的故事)”可知，《猜火车》是根据一本书改编的喜剧。故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Life of Brian部分中“Life of Brian by Terry Jones in 1979(1979年特里·琼斯的《布莱恩的一生》)”、Trainspotting部分中“Danny Boyle’s 1996 comedy-drama Trainspotting(丹尼·博伊尔1996年的喜剧《猜火车》)”、Notting Hill部分中“Released on 21 May 1999(发行于1999年5月21日)”和The Full Monty部分中“This 1997 film directed by Peter Cattaneo(这部由彼得·卡塔尼奥执导的1997年电影)”可知，四部电影中，特里·琼斯的《布莱恩的一生》上映最早。故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Full Monty部分中“The Full Monty is an encouraging film that helps know more about the work and life of the working class in Britain.(《全月》是一部鼓舞人心的电影，帮助人们更多地了解英国工人阶级的工作和生活)”可知，《满月》讲的是英国工人阶级的生活。故选D项。
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在冲浪时意外遭到鲨鱼攻击，被拖入海水中，内心非常恐惧，拼命游泳，最终脱险上岸。这件事改变了作者的生活，但并没有阻止他冲浪，他更清楚活着的意义了。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“There was the smell of fish in the air, which can attract sharks. (空气中有鱼的气味，这可以吸引鲨鱼)”可知，鲨鱼出现在冲浪海滩是因为鱼的气味吸引着它们。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“After it passed, I swam to the surface as fast as I could. (它过去后，我以最快的速度游到水面上)”和第五段中“I tried all my hardest to swim back to the shore. Eventually, I made it to dry land. (我尽了最大的努力游回岸边。最终，我到达了陆地)”可知，作者以最快的速度游泳，勉强逃到陆地上。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I was more afraid of sharks before my attack. Now I know what it means to be alive. (在我被攻击之前，我更害怕鲨鱼。现在我知道活着意味着什么了)”可知，死里逃生的作者更深切地体会到了活着的意义。由此推知，他庆幸自己还活着。故选B项。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Finally, I saw my first big wave, but as I was about to hit it, two great white sharks attacked me. (最后，我看到了我的第一个大浪，但就在我要冲过去的时候，两条大白鲨袭击了我)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在冲浪时意外遭到鲨鱼攻击，被拖入海水中，内心非常恐惧，拼命游泳，最终脱险上岸的经历。由此可知，文章主要是关于一名冲浪者的经历。故选D项。
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是科学家们发现，随着座头鲸数量的增长，它们发出唱歌声音的数量越来越少。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When there were fewer of them, there was a lot of singing-now that there are lots of them, no need to be singing so much.(当它们数量少的时候，它们会唱很多歌——现在它们很多了，没有必要唱那么多。)”可知，让座头鲸歌唱的是孤独的感觉。故选C。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“As the density (密度) of whales increased, their singing behaviors changed. While 2 in 10 males made crying noises in 2004, 10 years later the number had dropped to 1 in 10, Dunlop said.(随着鲸鱼密度的增加，它们的歌唱行为也发生了变化。Dunlop说，2004年，每10个男性中就有2个会哭喊，而10年后，这一比例降至1/10。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是座头鲸行为上的改变。故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“singing played a big part in bringing in mates when populations severely(当种群数量严重……时，歌唱在吸引配偶方面发挥了重要作用)”和最后一段“Many humpbacks seek to bring in mates with a combination of singing and physical movements(许多座头鲸试图通过唱歌和身体动作的结合来吸引配偶)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“当种群数量严重下降时，唱歌在吸引配偶方面发挥了重要作用”，划线词declined的意思是“下降”，和dropped意思相近，故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The large increase in the humpback population during the study period provided valuable data about changes in the animals’ behavior and they must have been singers long before whaling reduced their numbers, said Simon Ingram.(西蒙·英格拉姆说，在研究期间座头鲸数量的大量增加提供了有关动物行为变化的宝贵数据，在捕鲸减少它们的数量之前，它们肯定早就是歌手了。)”可知，Simon Ingram会同意的观点是座头鲸的歌声很重要。故选C。
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国移动应用在全球范围内的影响力正在增长。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“A rising number of Chinese mobile apps are having an influence around the world. From top short-video app TikTok to the biggest fashion app Shein and karaoke video app StarMaker, the Chinese apps are getting big.(越来越多的中国移动应用程序正在全球范围内产生影响。从顶级短视频应用TikTok到最大的时尚应用Shein和卡拉ok视频应用StarMaker，中国的应用正在变得越来越大。)”提到了中国的应用越来越强大，再根据划线词的下文“shown the strong innovative (创新的) power of Chinese companies.(展示了中国企业强大的创新能力)”可知，中国的应用越来越大这件事展示了中国企业的创新能力，所以划线词this指代的是“中国的应用越来越大”这件事。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Apart from showing videos to users according to their interests, it also offers simple creative video editing tools, such as music, filters (滤镜) and stickers (贴纸) to meet local cultural needs, reported People’s Daily.(据《人民日报》报道，除了根据用户的兴趣向他们展示视频外，它还提供简单的创意视频编辑工具，如音乐、滤镜和贴纸，以满足当地的文化需求。)”可知，音乐、滤镜和贴纸是用来编辑视频的。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Experts said that this has shown the strong innovative (创新的) power of Chinese companies. “The global market is promising for Chinese companies. Though it takes a long time to develop a brand in foreign markets, Chinese companies are good at research and development,” said Fang Han, the developer of StarMaker.(专家们认为，这体现了中国企业强大的创新能力(创新的)。“对中国企业来说，全球市场前景光明。虽然在国外市场开发一个品牌需要很长时间，但中国公司擅长研发，”StarMaker的开发者方涵说。)”可推知，创新能力对应用的受欢迎程度至关重要。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国移动应用在全球范围内影响力正在增长，所以A选项“中国应用走向全球”能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A项。
四川省绵阳市高中2022-2023学年高一下学期期末教学质量测试英语试题
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是英国博物馆的画廊艺术课程。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据About this session部分中的“Gallery Art sessions take place in one or more of the Museum’s galleries. Your students explore a theme chosen by you and are led by an artist-educator. The sessions reflect the diversity of world cultures through the British Museum’s collections.(画廊艺术课程在博物馆的一个或多个画廊举行。您的学生探索由您选择的主题，并由艺术家教育家带领。这些会议通过大英博物馆的藏品反映了世界文化的多样性。)”可知，您的学生探索由您选择的主题，有此可知，本文的读者应是教师。故选A项
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Before your visit部分中的“The purpose of the Museum visit, for example, collecting material for a particular project or examining objects from a particular culture or period, should be made clear before arrival and students should know the expected outcomes of the visit.(参观博物馆的目的，例如，为一个特定的项目收集材料，或检查特定文化或时期的物品，应该在到达之前明确，学生应该知道参观的预期结果。)”可知，学习画廊的艺术课程的学生到达之前明确好参观博物馆的目的，由此可知，学生需要了解访问的目的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Find out more部分中的“A selection of galleries below may be visited during the session.(学习课程期间可参观以下精选画廊。)”可知，学生在学习课程时，可以参观下面的各种画廊。故选C项。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。w文章主要介绍的是超加工食品的一些问题，过度使用超加工食品会产生健康问题。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams.(目前，超加工食品占成年人饮食总量的近60%，占儿童饮食总量的近70%。它们包括从饼干和苏打水到包装面包和冷冻食品，甚至冰淇淋的所有东西)”可知，在日常饮食中，超加工的食品占据了相当大的比例。由此推知，超加工食品已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的““Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过度使用超级工食品会造成身体健康问题，饮食与慢性疾病之间存在着联系。由此推知，划线单词的意思应是“过多地食用”。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过多使用超加工食品会造成健康问题。由此可知，健康问题是过多使用超加工食品的结果。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的““It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says.( “这确实需要整个社会都关注这一点，共同努力，包括食品行业和政府，以减少我们的孩子们每天消费的超加工食品的数量，”他说)”可知，Gardner认为，要从长远看来，要解决孩子的健康问题，需要的是整个社会引起重视，齐心协力。由此可知，Gardner的建议是团结社会的各方力量。故选C项。
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是一种新型环保的电池。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.(他们发明了一种水激活纸电池，使用环保材料，最终可以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池。)”可知，科学家发明一种水激活的纸电池，可以最终取代有害的电池，由此可知，研究者发明新电池是为了取代旧的有害的电池。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They invented a water-activated paper battery using environmentally friendly materials that could eventually replace the more harmful batteries common in low-power devices.(他们发明了一种水激活纸电池，使用环保材料，最终可以取代低功耗设备中常见的更有害的电池。)”可知，这种新电池是使用环保材料，根据第三段中的“A traditional battery is made of plastic, metal or other harmful materials.(传统电池是由塑料、金属或其他有害材料制成的。)”可知，传统电池使用的是塑料、金属或者其他有害材料制作而成，由此可知，新的电池与传统电池是在材料方面不同。故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When the paper is dry, the battery is off. Once the paper is wet, the battery activates within 20 seconds. The new battery’s operating performance worsens as the paper dries. When the scientists rewet the paper during testing, the battery begins to work again and lasts an hour before beginning to dry out again.(当纸干了，电池就没电了。一旦纸湿了，电池就会在20秒内激活。随着纸张的干燥，新电池的运行性能会恶化。当科学家们在测试过程中将纸重新弄湿时，电池就会重新开始工作，并在再次变干之前持续工作一个小时。)”可知，当纸干了，就没电了，但纸湿了后，20秒又可以激活，科学家再次把纸弄湿后，电池又可以使用，且会一直持续到纸变干，由此可知，这种新型的电池可以反复使用。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“It is hard to predict a time line for producing such batteries in a large number, but that future may not be so far off.(很难预测大规模生产这种电池的时间线，但未来可能不会那么遥远。)”可知，大规模生产这种电池的时间不会很遥远，结合尾段中的““This really starts with the development of sustainable materials,” Nystr m, the lead author, explains, “From there, I think we are able to create something that is quite useful.”(“这真的是从可持续材料的发展开始的，”Nystr m，第一作者解释说，“从那里，我认为我们能够创造出一些非常有用的东西。”)”可知，Nystr m认为这是一种非常有用的东西，综合以上信息可知，这种新电池有一个充满希望的未来。故选D项。
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是早起有利于减肥、降低抑郁风险和提高工作效率。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“…reported feeling less depression, stress and daytime sleepiness after their body clocks were brought forward by two hours across a three-week period.(……报告称，在三周的时间里，他们的生物钟提前了两个小时，他们的抑郁、压力和白天困倦感都有所减轻。)”可知，此处讲述的是研究对象报告的情况，这些人觉得为期三周的生物钟提前两个小时后，自己的抑郁、压力和白天睡觉的情况减少，结合第三段中的“Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls.(多项研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作上的表现往往比夜猫子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，大量研究表明，早起要比夜猫子在学业上和工作上的表现要好，由此可知，划线单词应是对应着早起的人，所以该短语的意思是“睡得晚的人”。故选B项。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Multiple studies show morning types tend to perform better academically and at work and get more done than night owls. (多项研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作上的表现往往比夜猫子更好，完成的工作也更多。)”可知，研究表明，早起的人在学业和工作方面比夜猫子的表现更好，结合下文分析这一研究结论的原因可知，本段主要讲述的是为什么早起的人的表现更好。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Don’t set the alarm for 5:30 am if it means reducing overall sleep time. You could end up suffering from negative effects of sleep deprivation(缺乏), including a poorer mood and energy, less ability to concentrate, weight gain and more.(不要把闹钟定在早上5点半，如果这意味着减少整体睡眠时间。你最终可能会遭受睡眠剥夺的负面影响，包括情绪和精力不佳、注意力不集中、体重增加等等。)”可知，如果早起的过早，可能会有负面的影响，比如情绪和精力差、注意力不集中和体重增加等。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“Imagine a small lifestyle change that could both reduce your weight and risk of depression and boost your productivity. It’s as simple as getting up early on a regular basis. More interestingly, science is supporting it.(想象一下，一个小小的生活方式的改变既可以减轻你的体重，降低患抑郁症的风险，又可以提高你的工作效率。这就像经常早起一样简单。更有趣的是，科学也支持这一观点。)”可知，本文在第一段中介绍了研究发现，早起这样一个小小的生活方式的变化可能会有助于减肥、降低抑郁风险以及提高工作效率，进而在下文中对该研究发现进行分析，说明早起的人的表现会比晚睡的人更好，同时也指出不能早起过早，以免会产生更多负面的影响，所以，本文的题目为“早起的力量”基于本文的内容吻合，也可以概括全文的主题。故选A项。
四川省自贡市2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了水道观察探险家(Waterways Watch Explorer)计划的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Students will also get to discuss and learn about various environmental issues including climate change and water pollution through informative games and hands-on activities. (学生亦会通过资讯游戏及实践活动，讨论及了解气候变化及水污染等环境问题。)”可知，通过该活动，学生们可以通过资讯游戏及实践活动，讨论及了解气候变化及水污染等环境问题。故选C。
2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Important Note部分中“This programme can be conducted under shelter and therefore would not be affected by weather conditions (这个计划可以在遮蔽处进行，因此不会受到天气条件的影响。)”可知，该方案不会受到天气的影响。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，本文介绍了水道观察探险家(Waterways Watch Explorer)计划，并提供了Waterways Watch Explorer活动的详细信息，包括时间、参与人数、所需物品以及价格等。这些相关信息通常是在学校旅行网站上找到。故推断文章出自学校的旅行网站。故选D。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是著名演员杨紫琼（Michelle Yeoh）的个人生平和取得的成就。