2024年中考英语专题课件：话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人(共70张PPT)

(共70张PPT)
2024年中考英语专题课件
第一部分 话题培优
话题二 家庭、朋友与周围的人
重难点突破
表达能力提升
核心素养培优
家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family，friends and people around）下的子
话题分别为家人和亲友（Family and relatives）、朋友（Friends）、其他
人（Other people）。家庭、朋友与周围的人都是我们平时生活中最亲近
的人，想要自如地表达关于家庭、朋友与周围的人的内容，需要掌握以下
知识点。
重难点突破
01
1.指示代词
【观察】① Those are my parents.
② Oh, and these are my brothers.
③ Kate, this is my friend Jane.
④ That's my grandfather.
【探究】
分类 用法
近指（时间或空间上较近 的人或事物） this 指代可数名词单数
these 指代可数名词复数
远指（时间或空间上较远 的人或事物） that 指代可数名词单数
those 指代可数名词复数
【拓展】（1）回答主语是this 或that 的疑问句时，在答语中用it来代替问
句中的this 或that；回答主语是these或 those的疑问句时，在答语中用they
来代替问句中的these或 those。
（2）在电话用语中，常用this指自己，that指对方。
（3）比较级中可用that指代上文提到的同类事物，如果指代对象是复数，
则用those。
【运用】 单项选择。
（1）—Hello, Linda speaking. Who's ___
—Hello, this is Martin.
C
A.he B.she C.that D.this
（2）—Is that Lucy's notebook
—Yes, ___ is.
A
A.it B.that C.those D.they
（3）The weather in Shenzhen is much hotter than ___ in Beijing.
C
A.it B.one C.that D.those
根据汉语意思完成句子。
（4）这些是我的笔。
__________ my pens.
These are
（5）我是玛丽。
________ Mary speaking.
This is
2.hope的用法
【观察】① We hope to see you again. = We hope that we can see you
again.
② I hope you can help me with my math.
【探究】hope作动词，意为“希望”，常用结构：hope to do sth.希望做某
事。hope之后还可接that 从句，意为“希望……”。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）她说她希望见到她的女儿。
She said she hoped _______her daughter.
to see
（2）我希望你能成功。
I ______________ you can succeed.
hope （that）
3.一般将来时
【观察】① People will have robots in their homes.
② I shall be eighteen years old next year.
③ I'm going to visit the Great Wall.
【探究】一般将来时的基本结构：主语+will/shall/be going to+动词原形。
一般将来时的标志词：later,soon,in a month（in+一段时间）,next
time,from now on,tomorrow等。
一般将来时的常见用法：（1）“Will/Shall+动词原形”表示在将来的某个时
候将要发生的动作或存在的状态（指客观上将来势必发生的事情）。如：
The concert will start in a minute.
（2）“be going to+动词原形”表示计划、打算做某事，表示已决定的、很
可能发生的事或有某种迹象表明要发生的事（指主观判断将来肯定发生的
事情）。如：
What are you going to do next Sunday
Look at the dark clouds. There is going to be a storm.
【拓展】一般将来时的其他表达：
（1）“be about to+动词原形”和“be to+动词原形”，表示即将发生的动作，
意为“很快；马上”。如：
The train is about to start.
（2）go, come, leave, stay, start, begin 等可用现在进行时表示即将发生
或安排好要做的事情。如：
She is going there tomorrow.
（3）表示按规定或时间表预计将发生的动作可用一般现在时表示将来的
情况。如：
We're going to Changchun. Our plane takes off at 8：10.
（4）在 if, as soon as, until, when 等引导的时间状语从句中，若主句为
一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。如：
If it doesn't rain this afternoon, we'll have a football match.
【运用】 单项选择。
（1）（2022·温州中考）—Lydia, have you decided which city to travel
to, London or New York
—Not yet. Maybe I ___ London to meet my friends this time.
C
A.visit B.visited C.will visit D.was visiting
（2）（2022·北京中考）Don't lose heart. If you keep working hard, you
___ some day.
A
A.will succeed B.succeed C.succeeded D.have succeeded
（3）（2022·百色中考）I don't know if it ____ tomorrow, but if it
______, I'll stay at home.
A.will rain；rains B.will rain；will rain
C.rains；will rain D.rains；rains
A
（4）—Let's discuss the plan, shall we？
—Not now. I ___ an interview.
C
A.had B.would have
C.am going to have D.was going to have
A
（5）The ship ___ in 10 minutes.
C
A.left B.is left C.leaves D.has left
（6）（2023·连云港中考）To make the environment much better, more
trees___ next year.
D
A.plant B.will plant C.are planted D.will be planted
4.辨析 there be与have
【观察】① There will be only one person to get the money.
② There is going to be a sports meeting next week.
③ I have two books and a pen.
④ He has a big family.
【探究】（1）there be 句型表示“存在；有”，即什么地方或什么时间存
在什么人物或事物。其中 be 动词有时态、人称和单复数变化。如果有两
个或两个以上的词作主语，be 动词要和最靠近它的那个词在人称和数上
保持一致。
（2）there be 句型的将来时为： there will be 或者 there is going to be。
（3）have/has表示“某人拥有某物”。当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词
用 has; 其他人称作主语时，谓语动词用 have。
【运用】 单项选择。
（1）There ___ a boy and two girls on the playground.
C
A.are B.has C.is D.have
（2）（2022·天津中考）We hope ___ a computer on every student's
desk in the future.
C
A.there is B.there was C.there will be D.there has been
（3）My grandparents ___ 4 lovely pets.
A
A.have B.there is C.has D.there are
5.辨析few, a few, little与a little
【观察】① I knew few people there.
② I have only a few books.
③ They have very little money.
④ A little water is enough.
【探究】few 和 a few 修饰可数名词复数，few 表示否定意义，a few
表示肯定意义；little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词，little 表示否定意义，a
little 表示肯定意义。
【运用】单项选择。
（1）This is a very old song, so___ young people know it.
A
A.few B.little C.a few D.a little
（2）There aren't many oranges here, but you can take ___ if you want.
B
A.few B.a few C.a little D.little
（3）Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic, so it will take
us ___ time to go to Pudong International Airport.
D
A.a few B.fewer C.a little D.less
（4）In order to keep healthy, you should eat ____ fast food,______
fresh vegetables and take enough exercise.
A.fewer; fewer B.less; more C.fewer; more D.less; less
B
（5）（2022·郴州中考）—Hurry up, or we will miss the school bus.
—Don't worry. We have ___ time.
C
A.few B.little C.a little
B
6.辨析family, home, room与house
【观察】① Jeff 's family is having a yard sale.
② My family are watching TV now.
③ He is studying at home now.
④ He is not in the room now.
⑤ I want a big house with a big garden.
【探究】
单词 含义 用法
family 家，家庭 作主语时，谓语动词用单数
家庭成员或人口 作主语时，谓语动词用复数
home 家；家乡；故乡 指个人或家庭住所/所在地，通常含有感彩
room 房间 作可数名词，指房子里的“房间”
house 房屋；住宅 指居住的建筑物
【运用】 用family, home, room 或house 填空。
（1）I'd like to book a ______ with a view of the lake.
（2）Linda bought a big ______ for her parents in her hometown.
（3）Almost every _______ in the country owns a television.
（4）Sally considers Xi'an as her second ______ because she has lived
there for ten years.
room
house
family
home
7.ask的用法
【观察】① My mom asked to go alone.
② He asks me not to swim in the river.
③ If you have questions, you can ask the teacher for help.
④ My teacher asked me about my family.
【探究】
【运用】 单项选择。
（1）Jessica found it difficult to remember new words. So she asked her
teacher ___ advice.
A
A.for B.to C.at D.in
（2）These parents asked the teacher ___ the exam results of their
children.
C
A.for B.by C.about D.with
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
（3）My parents ask me not ______（go） out after 9 p.m. They think
it's too dangerous for me.
to go
8.辨析both与all
【观察】 ① Both my sister and I study in this middle school.
② They're all good players, but she's the best of all.
【探究】
单词 用法 例句
both 表示“两者都”，其反义词 为neither My parents both like Beijing Opera.
all 表示“三者或三者以上 都”，其反义词为none Bill is the tallest of all the boys.
【运用】 用both或all填空。
（1）It's our dream to have less and less pollution in our city. I think
_____ the government and our citizens should do something for it.
（2）____ the passengers must show their ID cards and tickets to the
station workers when they get through the railway station entrance.
both
All
9.similar 的用法
【观察】① We have very similar interests.
② My opinion is similar to yours.
③ The two cities are similar in many ways.
【探究】 （1） similar作形容词，意为“相似的；类似的”，可在句中作定
语或表语。
（2） 常用固定短语有：be similar to… “与……相似”,其反义短语是be
different from… “与……不同”；be similar in…“在……方面相似”。
【运用】 根据汉语意思完成句子。
（1）研究表明，成功的语言学习者在很多方面都是相似的。
Research shows that successful language learners _____________ many
ways.
are similar in
（2）国与国之间的文化与风俗是不同的。
Cultures and customs are very _____________ country to country.
different from
（3）我的观点和我们班大部分学生的是相似的。
My opinion ____________ that of most students in my class.
is similar to
表达能力提升
02
Ⅰ.补全对话
（2022·广安中考改编）根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入
一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。
A: Hi, Tom! You look very happy today!
B: Oh, yes. Guess what My best friend Ben is coming.
A: Really 1.____________________________________
B: Tomorrow. I can't wait to see him.
A: 2.______________________________
B: He will stay with me for two weeks.
When is he coming/When will he come
How long will he stay with you
A: 3._______________
B: He is really friendly. I'm sure you will like him when you see him.
A: 4.______________________
B: He is tall and strong. He plays football well.
A: Could you introduce him to me
B: 5.____________________________.
What is he like
What does he look like
Of course/Sure/No problem/OK
Ⅱ.书面表达
（2023·陕西中考）假如你是李涛，你们学校英语社团正在开展以
“感恩”为主题的征文活动。请你认真阅读以下通知，并按要求用英语写一
篇短文，参加此次活动。
Notice
Dear students,
Fathers play a very important role in our life. Today is Father's
Day. How will you thank him Please write a short passage about your
plan.
Here are some questions to help you.
●What do you want to say to him
●What are you going to do for him
●Why are you going to do that
We are looking forward to your passage.
School English Club
参考词汇：cook a meal, make a gift, take a walk with him,
delicious, special, …
要求：1. 短文必须包括所给要点，选择使用参考词汇，可适当发挥；
2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
4.词数：不少于70。（开头已给出，但不计入总词数。）
Today is Father's Day. ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
I want to do something meaningful for him.
First, I will cook a meal for him. My father is very busy but he
often makes delicious food for me. So I want to thank him and let him
have a rest. Also, I plan to make a special gift by myself. I think he
will like it. Last, I am going to take a walk with him. I can tell him
interesting stories to make him happy.
All in all, I really love my father. And I really want to say:
“I love you, Dad.”
核心素养培优
03
Ⅰ.完形填空
（2023·安徽中考）阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个
选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。
At the 2023 Shenzhen Marathon（马拉松）, 45-year-old Luo Shujian
crossed the finishing line with his 13-year-old son Xiaobai, who was in a
special push-chair. They . .1. . the half-marathon race in an hour and 59
minutes.
The son was born with cerebral palsy（脑性瘫痪）. He had to stay
indoors, but his father decided to give him a . .2. . and happy life by
taking up marathons with him. However, the decision was challenging
（挑战性的） because Luo had no . .3. . experience. He had to . .4. . at 4
a.m. to practice running before work. Whenever he got chances, he
would take his son with him to races, . .5. . half-marathons.
Now Xiaobai likes to watch the world from his push-chair with his
father during races. Though he cannot express feelings in . .6. ., he shows
them through expressions and body language. He claps his hands and
smiles to show his . .7. .. The other runners are friendly and . .8. . them on
as they pass.
Their marathon races have . .9. . them to Chengdu to see pandas, to
Beijing to climb the Great Wall, and to Lanzhou to take photos along
the Yellow River.
Luo plans to keep . .10. . with his son to allow Xiaobai to live the
best life he can.
1.( ) A.held B.finished C.cancelled D.watched
B
2.( ) A.full B.silent C.short D.boring
A
3.( ) A.reading B.sporting C.writing D.acting
B
4.( ) A.hang out B.break away C.give in D.get up
D
5.( ) A.really B.luckily C.especially D.strangely
C
6.( ) A.order B.wonder C.words D.numbers
C
7.( ) A.doubt B.pity C.honesty D.happiness
D
8.( ) A.put B.cheer C.train D.invite
B
9.( ) A.taken B.handed C.avoided D.translated
A
10.( ) A.drawing B.ringing C.waiting D.running
D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
第一节：阅读下面两篇短文，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或
完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。
（A）（2023·枣庄中考）
The thing that I really miss most is playing with my friends. We
were a big group of around 15 friends or more. We usually played ball
in the parking lot. Our neighbors often talked about our faults because
sometimes the ball hit the cars or broke the street lights, most of the
time we shouted too loudly and made them annoyed.
We played every day from about 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. After that, we
went back home to take a shower, have dinner and then met again. In
the evening, we talked about many different topics such as collecting
stamps, fishing, cartoons, and popular film stars. Even though some of us
had a different opinion about something sometimes, we never had an
angry argument with each other.
A few years later, we stopped playing because we grew up. We
didn't have enough time to do things together. Some of us started college,
others got married or moved away. The group started to be smaller and
smaller. Sometimes we didn't see each other for a long time.
Nowadays, I don't hear from them. I wish I could meet them again
to remember all those good times that we had in our childhood.
1.The underlined word “annoyed” in Paragraph 1 means “___”.
C
A.deaf B.happy C.angry D.surprised
2.How often did they play together ( )
A
A.Every day. B.Once a week.
C.Twice a week. D.Three times a week.
3.They stopped playing after some years because ___.
D
A.they started college B.they moved away
C.they were married D.they grew up
（B）（2023·随州中考）
During my last year of junior high school, our teacher, Mrs. Debby,
gave us a quiz （测试）. I was a hard-working student and I did well
in all subjects. I finished the question successfully until I read the last
one: What is the first name of the woman who cleans the school
Of course I thought that must have been a joke. I saw the cleaning
woman every day. She was short and about 50 years old. She had dark
hair. But how could I know her name I had never talked with her
before. In fact, I'd never even thought about talking to her. I looked at
my paper and started to feel rather guilty （内疚的）. Finally, I handed
in my paper, leaving the last one unanswered.
Before the quiz ended, one student asked if the last question would
be counted in our grades.
“Of course,” the teacher said. “In your life, you will meet many
people. They are all important. They deserve （值得） your attention and
care, even if all you do is to smile and say hello.”
I've never forgotten that lesson. Everyone deserves my attention and
I should get to know all of the people who work and live around me.
That was, perhaps, the most important lesson in my life. Later, I also
learned that the cleaning woman's first name was Hannah.
1.We can know from the passage that the writer ___ during junior high
school.
C
A.was not hard-working
B.didn't like to go to school
C.did well in all subjects
D.always talked with the cleaning woman
2.What was the writer's answer to the last question of the quiz ( )
D
A.“Debby.” B.“I don't know.”
C.“Hannah.” D.He didn't answer it.
3.By the last question of the quiz, the teacher wanted to tell the students
that ___.
C
A.they should work hard
B.they should learn from each other
C.they should pay attention to all the people around them
D.they should clean the school by themselves
第二节：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
（C）（2022·衡阳中考改编）
Parents can be very important teachers in our lives. 1.___ Parents
may be too close to their children emotionally （感情上）. Sometimes
they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector. 2.___
However, it might seem too dangerous for a parent.
B
E
Another problem is that parents may expect their children's interests
to be similar to their own. 3.___ But what if their children's true love is
art or writing, or car repair
Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But
should children always believe what their parents do 4.___ But when they
get older, they will have different ways of thinking.
The most important thing to realize is that we all have many
teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us, our teachers teach us, and
our friends teach us. 5.___ All of them are valuable.
A
F
D
A. If they love science, they may try to force their children to love
science, too.
B. However, they are not always the best teachers.
C. Teachers are always ready to help their students.
D. Books, newspapers and televisions also teach us.
E. For example, a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable
experience.
F. When children are young, they believe that their parents are always
right.
G. Children always believe that their parents are right.
Ⅲ.完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。
1.儿童和成年人应该享有平等的权利。
Children and adults ____________ equal rights.
should have
2.她希望在下次比赛中获得金牌。
She is ______________ the gold medal in the next competition.
hoping to win
3.她太小了，不能骑自行车。
She is ___________________ to ride a bicycle.
too little/young/small
4.他的房间和我的很相似。
His room is _______to mine.
similar
5.我妈妈经常让我帮她做家务。
My mother_____ me to help her __________ often.
asks
do chores
Ⅳ.短文填空
（2023·烟台中考改编）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文
完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
chance, serious, enjoy, change, reach, this, you, make, come, be
Recently an old friend phoned me to ask about the success I had in
my life and how I achieved it. He has similar goals as me: get in shape,
get into music more 1._________, and be good at Japanese.
I haven't completely 2.________ my long-term goals yet in any of
these 3 things. He thinks that I've made some progress on my journey to
achieving 3.______goals and I can give him some advice.
seriously
reached
these
We had a nice talk for an hour on the phone and he seemed pretty
encouraged. A week went by and he sent me photos of him learning
Japanese and music. He also trained with the help of a personal fitness
coach. He developed the habit of posting （发布） regularly online all of
the progress he was 4.________. He was doing great. Every weekend he
would post his new progress and I really enjoyed reading it!
Of course, I will have to let him know that making progress 5.___
not easy. He'll meet some difficulties on the road. However, I'm letting
him 6.______ the new achievements now and will help him out when
that time 7._______.
making
is
enjoy
comes
I'm thankful for him giving me the 8._______ to serve him and give
him advice, and I'm thankful to see that he's spending the time and
money to improve his life. He has even told me how thankful he is with
all the recent 9.________ in his life.
Even if you haven't reached your goals, it's good to realize how far
you've gone. Be proud of 10.________and know how much you can help
others achieve the same.
chance
changes
yourself
Ⅴ.任务型阅读
（2022·贺州中考改编）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Once upon a time, two brothers lived in a village. They were both
farmers and grew corn. The elder brother had many children to feed. The
younger brother also had a big family to look after. Although the
brothers were poor, they lived happily.
One year, there was a drought （干旱） and the corn didn't grow
well. The two brothers collected their small harvest and stored the grain
in their barns （谷仓）.
That night, the elder brother couldn't sleep. He was worried about
his brother. Would he have enough grain to feed his family At last, the
elder brother got out of bed. He went to his barn and filled a bag with
grain. Then he went silently to his brother's house and secretly added the
grain to his brother's pile（堆）.
Every night, he did the same thing. He took some of his own grain
and added it to his brother's store. But after a while, he noticed
something strange. His pile of grain never looked smaller in the morning.
One night, he decided to find out why. After it had got dark, he hid
near his barn and watched. At last, a man came near with his own bag
of grain. At first he didn't know who he was. Then, he was amazed to
see his own brother. Every night the younger brother had done the same
thing—taking grain from his own pile to give to his brother.
It was true brotherly love!
1.How was the two brothers' life
It was _______________.
poor but happy
2.What happened to the two brothers one year
Their corn ________________ because of __________.
didn't grow well
a drought
3.What did the elder brother do that night
He sent ___________________________secretly.
a bag of grain to his brother
4.What kind of family did both of the brothers have
They both had ____________.
a big family
5.What do you know about the two brothers according to the passage
They ________________ each other.
loved and helped
谢谢大家