Unit 6 　Ancient stories单元学案

Unit6 Ancient stories单元学案
◆知识探究
Step one Reading & Listening讲解
Now they’ve given up and sailed away! 现在他们已经放弃，并且驾船离开了！
give up “放弃，戒除”，此处作及物动词短语时，宾语可以是名词、代词或动名词，但是不能接动词不定式。
Don’t give up your dream.
You must give up smoking.
注意：give up的宾语如果是代词，必须置于give与up之间，不能放在give up之后。
The Greens didn’t want to take it with them. 希腊人不想带走它。
take sth. With sb. 某人随身携带某物
You should take a pen and a notebook with you when you take part in a meeting.
Get some help and pull it into the city. 帮忙把它拖进城里。
pull动词， “拖，拉”， pull ... into... “把......拉入/拖入“
pull out “把......从......拉出来”。 pull的反义词为push（推）
They are pulling the boat into the sea.
He pulled the boy out of the hole.
That night, in the main square of the city, all the Trojans celebrated.
那天晚上，在城市主广场，所有的特洛伊人都在庆祝。
main形容词，意为“主要的”，作前置定语，没有比较级。其副词形式是mainly
The teacher asked us to write down these main points.
The book is mainly about how to cook all kinds of food.
celebrate动词，“庆祝，祝贺”，其名词形式为celebration
All the Chinese people are celebrating the Spring Festival.
They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks.
他们围着木马唱歌、跳舞，取笑愚蠢的希腊人。
make jokes about sb./ sth. 拿某人/某物开玩笑
You shouldn’t make jokes about the poor girl.
have a joke with sb.与某人一起说笑话
play a joke on sb 戏弄某人=make fun of= laugh at
tell jokes 讲笑话
Greek n 希腊人 adj 希腊的 Greece 希腊
By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.
by此处作介词，表示时间，意为“不迟于，到......时（为止），在......之前”
They were tired by evening. 他们到了晚上就很疲倦了。
Can you finish the work by tomorrow 你能在明天以前完成工作吗？
by 通过+Ving
Match them with the correct countries by writing the letters in the brackets.
empty此处作形容词，“空的”，反义词为full（满的）
empty还可以作动词，意为“倒空，使成为空的”，反义词为full（填满）
Let’s empty the glass. 让我们干杯。
（3）except for 除.......之外，只是
e.g.The room is tidy except for the carpet.除地毯外，房间很干净。
【辨析】except; except for; besides
except “除......之外”表示“例外、排除”，表示排除的是同类事物或行为。
E.g. He gets up early every day except Sunday.除了星期天外，他每天都早起。
except for “除......之外”，它后面的宾语一般为句子里所涉及的内容并非同类事物或行为
E.g. The story is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误外，这个故事写得很好
besides“除......之外还有”=in addition
E.g. We all went swimming besides him. 除了他以外，我们也都去游泳了。
8.The horse was full of Greek soldiers! They quietly climbed out of the horse one by one.
（1）be full of= be filled with
e.g.The glass is filled with milk.= The glass is full of milk.
one by one 一个接着一个 step by step一步步
In one night, they succeeded in capturing it through a clever trick.
在一夜之内，他们靠一个计谋成功地夺取了它。
succeed in doing sth = do sth successfully成功地做了某事
（2）success 不可数名词 “成功 成就”
Both plans have been tried without success.两个计划都已试过，但未获成功
可数名词“成功的人或事”
The plan was a great success.这项计划极为成功。
（3）successful adj 成功的 a successful teacher 一个成功的老师
Only a few people know about this information. 只有少数人知道关于这个信息的情况。
only a few “只有几个”， 修饰可数名词复数
Only a few people live in the viliage.
There are only a few apples on the tree.
【拓展】not a few 相当多
There are not a few people on the beach.
I want to join the army in the future. 将来我想参军。
辨析： in the future与in future
in the future 将来，未来 表示将来较长的一段时间
in future 以后，今后 表示离现在较短的一段时间，相当于from now on
What will happen in the future 将来会发生什么？
Don’t be late in future. 今后不要迟到。
助词：
长( in the future)的长（将来较长的一段时间），短( in fututr) 的短（离现在较短的一段时间）
My dream is to be a soldier. 我的梦想是成为一名士兵。
动词不定式短语to be a soldier 在句中作表语。
My dream is to be a writer.
【拓展】动词不定式（短语）作表语，一般表示动作还没有实现，而如果表示动作正在发生，则用动名词（短语）作表语。
My hobby is collecting stamps. 我的爱好是集邮。
该句时态不是现在进行时，而是一般现在时，其中collecting是动名词形式，collecting stamps在句中作表语。
The Greek army disappeared and left a wooden horse outside the city of Troy.
希腊军队消失了，在特洛伊城外留下了一匹马。
遗留；留下I’ve left my umbrella on the bus. 我把伞忘在公交车上。
离开 When did you leave London 你什么时候离开伦敦的？
leave for 到......地方去I’m leaving for Beijing next month.下个月我要去北京。
放置；听任 leave him alone.别管他
辨析：leave与forget
leave leave sth. sp. 把某物忘在某地 指因粗心而没有带某物或某物落在某处，其后往往接一个地点状语
forget forget sth. 忘记某事/某物 指大脑不能记起或回忆不起过去的事情，反义词是remember
助词：忘记某物真特殊，后有地状（地点状语）用leave
14. What did the king of Sparta do in the end 最终斯巴达国王做了什么？
in the end 最后。
We have no idea who will win in the end, but we’ll try our best.
我们不知道最终谁会赢， 但是我们都会拼尽全力。
He asked many of the other Greek kings to help him_________Troy and punish the Trojans.
他召集其它希腊国王一起_____________特洛伊，惩罚特洛伊人。
punish v. 处罚； 惩罚。如：
The drunk driver was punished by the police. 酒驾司机被警察处罚。
Sam was punished by her parents for breaking their neighbor’s window.
萨姆把邻居家的窗户打破了，受到了父母的惩罚。
【随堂练】
一、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。
1.His grandfather died in the Anti-Japanese W___________.
2.Which is more difficult to u___________, English poetry or Chinese poetry
3.My brother joined the army last year and became a s___________.
4.This is the m___________ street of the town.
5.Many countries in the world c___________ Mother’s Day.
二、单项选择
1. ( ) I didn’t ________ my brother had told me a lie.
A. catch B. reply C. understand D. realize
2.( ) Do you think soy milk is different ________ milk
A. with B. from C. like D. as
3.( ) Many old houses around our school ________ next year and a large green area will appear.
A. pull down B. will be pulled down C. will pull down D. are pulled down
4.( ) It is stupid ________ Tom to say that.
A. for B. to C. of D. From
5.( )He tried to act ________what he saw just now.
A. as B.on C.. out D.for
6.( ) Emma got the first prize in the competition! Let’s go out to _________.
A. encourage B. celebrate C. understand D.develop
7.( ) Ben, the fridge is _________now. it's time to go to the supermarket.
A. empty B.huge C.full D.fresh
8. ( )Finally we succeeded _______________the heavy box into the classroom.
A. pull B.to pull C. pulled D.in pulling
9. ( )The car entered __________the house through a kitchen window.
A. in B. to C.at D./
( ) We’re busy because we have so ___ housework to do today.
A. few B. little C. many D. Much
三、 完成句子
1．他收集了许多不同种类的卡片。
He has collected ________ ________ ________ of cards.
2. 你为什么不尝试着给他发一封电子邮件呢？
________ ________ ________ ________sending an e-mail to him
3. 要不是坐了一位老妇人，公共汽车就是空的。
________ ________ one old lady, the bus was empty.
4. 军人必须服从命令。
________ have to ________ orders.
5.他拉开了门。
He ________ the door ________.
Step Two Speaking ＆ Writing
Denise has gone to work.
“have/has gone to+地点名词”意为“为了某地”。
His father has gone to Shanghai.
——Is James at home
——No, he_______Ya’an to be a volunteer.
has gone to B.has been to C.is going to
How much does a ticket to Tokyo cost
A ticket to...意为“......的票”，其中to为介词，意为“关于”,类似的还有：
The answer to the question
The key to the door
There once was a man called Ed Heath...
Called Ed Heath在句中作后置定语，called+名词做后置定语，意为“叫.......的”，此时，called可以用named代替，表示与它所修饰的名词之间存在着被动关系。
Do you know the boy called Jim
He is looking down at the empty sea.
Look down意为“向下看，俯视”，如果接宾语则需加介词at
Don’t look down.
【随堂练】
根据汉语提示完成句子。
What ’ s the Canadian way of ___________(理解) the world
More than half of ___________（加拿大人）have British or French ancestors.
3.Canada has two official ____________(语言)
4.Canadians believe that people must respect and__________ (包容）each other and help each other.
5.We should ___________ (尊重)those who are old.
6.Words cannot__________(描述)her beauty.
7.Nearly 70____________(百分之的)of the fund was supplied by the government.
8. His office is in the___________ (中心）part of the city.
二、单项选择
1.（ ） All the students went on a school trip _____Tom because he will ill on that day.
A besides B beside C except D except
2. （ ）All the students like the new teacher _______ Bob.
A about B from C between D except
3. （ ）After he said good-bye _____,he left.
A rudely B politely C carefully D quietly
4.（ ） I saw a stranger _______the building.
A enter B entered C to enter D enters
5.（ ） The student’s parents want to see him______his study.
A success B.succeed C.succeed in D. success in
6. （ ）Most of my classmates don’t like to talk with their parents,but I am _____with them , I love to talk to my parents.
A.the same as B. different from C. pleased with D. good for
7.（ ）We are _____ age.
A same B the same C different D the different
8 . （ ）This photo is ______from that one , can you find your______between them
A. different； differents B.different； differences
C.difference； differents D.difference；differences
（ ）I can’t think ____ his name at the moment.
over B. of C. about
（ ）The doctor ____ the crying baby, but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with it.
looker over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out
三、书面表达
假如你是一名导游,负责陪同外宾游览苏州，车子开到虎丘山(The Tiger Hill）门口时，你在车子上用英语向他们讲几点说明，内容如下,开头语已写好。
1.在虎丘山逗留3小时，11点开车,请记住车号，
2.下车时带好贵审物品(valuable things),不要忘记
3.要求大家跟你一起参观。
4. 祝大家玩得愉快。
Ladies and gentlemen, we are now at the gate of the Tiger Hill.___________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
范文： Ladies and gentleman, we are now at the gate of the triger Hill. Before we get off the bus, I have something to tell you. We will stay at the Tiger Hill for 3 hours, and them we will leave here at 11 o’clock. Please remember the car number. When you get off the bus, please take your valuable things with you and don’t forget to close the window.
Please follow me to visit the hill. I’ll tell you some interesting stories about the hill. Have fun!
Step three-More Practice 讲解
He asked him to make 100000 arrows within ten days.
100000在英语中读作“one hundred thousand”,英语中没有数词，“万，十万”，因此“一万”应读成“ten thousand”; “十万”读成 “one hundred thousand”
Within介词，意为“在......以内，不超过”
He will return within three hours.
I’ll bring you 100, 000 arrows in three days.
“in+一段时间”意为“一段时间以后”，句中的时态只能用将来时态，对“in+一段时间”提问需用how soon(多久以后）
How soon will they come back
In a week.
Zhuge Liang asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with many straw men.
Fill...with...意为“把......装/填满
Hurry to fill the bag with gold.
Fill...with..的被动结构为be filled with,意为“......被装/填满”，相当于be full of
The glass is filled with juice.
The room is filled with people.
【随堂练】
一、单项选择
（ ）1. –Will you go to the concert tonight
-- I’d love to. But unluckily all the tickets were sold out __________ a few hours.
A. before B. within C. after D. without
（ ）2. Look! The museum is on _______ of the street.
A. other side B. other sides C. the other sides D. the other side
（ ）3. The police came and ordered the crowd _________ at once.
A. leave B. to leave C. leaving D. leaves
（ ）4. I __________ this picture for many times in different places.
A. see B. was seen C. have been seen D. have seen
（ ）5. ________ it __________, please. I want to see the back of it.
A. Turn; on B. Act; out C. Turn; around D. Find; out
二、 单词拼写
1. A w____________ man will face the difficulty instead of being afraid of it.
2. After the war, a s_________ wrote a book about his experience.
3. Excuse me, when does the ship s_________ from London to Paris
4. He wants to know how people live on the other s_______ of the world.
5. “Don’t move, or I’ll s_______,” he said with a gun in his hand.
用所给词的正确形式填空。
She said some things a little __________(difference) from you.
I have a few questions _______(ask).
It will be very ________(wind) tomorrow.
Hello! This is Tom ________(speak).
Chinese and Japanese are ___________（Asia）。
四、完成句子
1 以前到家后，我会把电影再表演给孩子们看
I used to come home and ______ ________ the movie for the kids.
2. 他终于明白了健康的重要性。
________ ______ _________ , he understood the importance of health.
3. 她的眼里充满泪水。
Her eye were _______ ______ tears.
4. 我们都开他的玩笑。
We all ______ ______ ______ him.
5. 我们骗你的，丹尼。
We _______ your ,Danny.
单元语法——时态--现在完成时（补充）
（一）现在完成时的定义和结构
基本结构 定义（使用情况） 例句 常用提示词
have/has + 动词过去分词 表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在的影响 She has already finished her work.My sister and I have just seen Avatar. already; yet; never; ever; for ; since等
表示动作从过去已经开始，一直持续到现在 We have been here for six years.Janet has worked for this factory since 1996.
当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have
过去分词：规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同；不规则动词需要特殊记忆
缩略形式：I have=I’ve; you have=you’ve; we have=we’ve; they have=they’ve;
he has=he’s she has=she’s it has=it’s
have not=haven’t; has not= hasn’t
选用have或has填空
1. I visited the museum.
2. you ever been to Beijing
3.My mother made a lot of apple juice.
4. he watched the film
5.Mrs Brown bought some bread and milk.
（二）用法
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。如：
I have spent all of my money so far. 到目前为止我已花光了所有的钱。
（含义是：现在我没有钱了。）
My father has gone to work.我爸爸已经上班去了。 （含义是：我爸爸现在不在这儿）
（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的，持续到现在的动作或状态,常与for（+时间段），since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
如：Mary has been ill for three days. 玛丽已经病了三天了。
I have lived here since 1998. 我从1998年起就一直住在这儿。
（三）现在完成时的时间状语
①already, yet, just
already意为“已经”， yet意为“已经，还，但是”，already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。just意为“刚刚”。 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。
He has already got her help.　他已得到她的帮助。
He has just seen the film.　他刚刚看过这场电影。
yet用在疑问句中意为已经，在否定句中意为仍未，常放在句末。如：
---Has he found his dog yet 他已经找到他的狗了吗？
---No,not yet.不，还没有。
He hasn’t come back yet.他还没有回来
Exercise: 选词填空
Jack is not hungry. He has (already/yet) eaten.
Jack is hungry. He has not eaten (already/yet).
Have you eaten (already/yet) ？
②ever , never
ever“曾经”, never“从不”，twice, three times，表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验。
如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。
This is the best film I have ever seen.　这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。
He has never been to Beijing.　他从没有到过北京。
Exercise: 选词填空
— Have you ____ (ever/never) visited Guangzhou
— No，I’ve _____(ever/never) visited Guangzhou.
③since, for
表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。时间标志是for（+一段时间）, since（+具体时间点）。　　
1. for+一段时间。表示“有（多长）一段时间了”。如：
His mother has been ill for a week.他妈妈已经病了一个星期了。
I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。
since+过去一个时间点。
since+时间段+ago.如：表示“自从…以来”
He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。 （可能还要继续教）
She has stayed in Guangzhou since three months ago.她自三个月前就一直待在广州。
用never, already, yet, since或for填空
He has________ read the book twice.
Have you worked on the farm________three years ago
–Haven’t you had your breakfast ________
-Yes, I have.
4. The Wangs have lived in the old house ________ about thirty years.
5. The little boy has ________ seen his mother , so he doesn’t know her.
④have gone to，have been to
have gone to 意为“到某地去”，尚未回来，说话时该人不在现场。
have been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，现在人已回来了。
Exercise:
(a).—How many times ________ you ___________ there
— I __________ _ there twice.
(b).Mary ________ _____ to America. We can’t find her now.
(c). — Where is Jim？ —He’s not here. He ___________________ England.
(d). My father _____________________ Beijing twice. 我爸爸去过北京两次。
随堂练习：
单项选择
( )1.（2012中考）---I’ve got the final Harry Potter book.
---You will love it. I it twice already.
A.am reading B.have read C.was reading D.will read
( )2.（2009中考）Sally has returned to Guangzhou,
A.did she B.didn’t she C.has she D.hasn’t she
( )3.Miss Smith isn’t in the office. She to the classroom.
A.has gone B.went C.will go D.goes
( )4. The students have cleaned the classroom,
A.do they B.don’t they C.have they D.haven’t they
( )5.We each other since2002.
A.know B.had known C.have known D.knew
( )6. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I it twice.
A.will see B.have seen C.seen D.see
( )7.—Has he used one ---No,he hasn’t. He has used a mobile phone.
A.ever;ever B.never; never C.ever;never D.never;ever
（四）现在完成时与一般过去时
一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生，但要注意以下区别：
1. 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生一直持续到现在的动作与特征词since, for, already, yet, ever, never, so far, up to now等连用。如：
-----Would you like to see the film with me 你想和我一起去看这部电影吗？
-----No. I’ve seen it twice. 不了，我已经看了两遍了。（过去已看过，所以现在不想看了）
2. 因为for, since 引导的时间状语都表示持续的一段时间，所以必须和持续性动词连用，不可与短暂性动词连用。如：
我哥哥的自行车买了有两年了。
错误表达：My brother has bought this bike for two years. (buy是短暂性动词)
正确表达：My brother has had this bike for two years. (have是持续性动词)
3. 一般过去时强调动作发生在过去，与现在无关。与具体的表示过去时间的状语（如：yesterday , last night）连用。如：
I saw the film last night. 我昨晚看了那部电影。（仅是对过去事情的陈述）
【随堂练】
一、单项选择
1.--- you your homework ---Yes, I have.
A.Do;done B.Did; do C.Have;done D.Have;do
2.-- you to Xi’an --Yes, I went there last month.
A.Did;went B.Are; going C.Have;gone D.Have; been
3.—Is your mother in New York ----No,she America.
A.has never gone to B.has never gone C.has never been to D.has never been
4.---Why do you stand outside your room ---Because I my key in it.
A.have forget B.have forgotten C.have leave D.have left
5.—When will you do your work ----I just it.
A.have;done B.was; done C.was; doing D.is; doing
6.You around the world. Let’s start next week.
A.have traveled B.haven’t traveled C.don’t have traveled D.are traveling
7. He to the space station and he will reach there one day.
A.been B.has been C.han’t gone D.hasn’t been
8.-Have you finished your English homework -No, not .
A; already; yet B. already; already C. yet; already D. yet; yet
9. So far, we 2,000 English words
A. learned B. am learning C. have learned D. am going to learn
10. She ________more than three hundred stamps so far.
A. will collect B. has collected C. collected
二、完成句子
1 以前到家后，我会把电影再表演给孩子们看
I used to come home and ______ ________ the movie for the kids.
2. 他终于明白了健康的重要性。
________ ______ _________ , he understood the importance of health.
3. 她的眼睛饱含泪水。
Her eye were _______ ______ tears.
4. 我们都开他的玩笑。
We all ______ ______ ______ him.
5. 要不是坐了一位老妇人，公共汽车就是空的。
________ ________ one old lady, the bus was empty.
课堂巩固
一、单项选择
( ) In the past ten years, great changes________ place in my hometown.
took B.takes C.have been D. Will taken
( )He has been at our school________.
for two years ago B for two years C.since two years D.two years ago
( )----________have you been away from here
----for about ten years
How soon B.How long C. How far D. How often
( )This composition is good _____ a few mistakes.
A.except B. Except for C.besides D.but
( )Wang qing succeeded _______ a job in the famous company.
to get B. to getting C.in getting D. get
( )--Hello,May I speak to Kate
---Sorry, she isn’t here now. She ______to Shanghai.
went B.has been C.has gone
( )He has never visit Shenzhen,________
has he B.hasn’t he C.does he D.doesn’t he
( )He is a funny boy,he often makes us_______.
laugh B. to laugh C.laughing D.to laughing
( )The teacher asked the students _________in class.
not make noise B.not making noise
C.not to make noise D.don’t make noise.
( )---Have you packed your beach towel_______
---Yes , I have_______packed it.
already , already B.yet , yet
C.already ,yet D. yet ,already
二、根据句意和所给单词的首字母补全单词。
1. The soldier r_________down the stairs and said, “Captain, they have gone.”
2. “We have won!” all the citizens of Troy c__________.
3. In one night, they s___________in capturing the city with a trick.
4. When his mother came in his room, that boy p____________to be asleep.
5. China is in Asia and England is in E_______________.
6. He is a soldier. He has been in the a_______________ for about two years.
7. The general o__________his soldiers to fire.
8. They often made jokes about the s___________Greeks.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. —_you____________(buy) a newspaper yet
—Yes, I have. I____________(buy) it two hours ago.
2. —Where is Mr. Green, do you know
—He____________(go) to England, and he____________(return) in two weeks.
3. —Who made you___________(laugh) in class
—I was made____________(laugh) by his jokes.
4. He got the best job___________(success). In other words, he_________(success) in getting it.
5. —Is Zhang Ying____________(tall) girl in your class
—Yes, she is____________(tall) than any other girl in our class.
四、 完成句子
1. 我们半小时内达到。
We’ll arrive ____________ ___________ ____________ _____________.
2. 往杯子里灌满牛奶。
___________ the glass ___________ milk.
3. 他们调转车头去看发生了什么事。
They ___________ their car ___________ to see what happened.
4. 谢谢你的礼物，我很喜欢。
__________ ___________ _________ your present. I like it very much.
5. 超过两千人到该影院观看这部电影。
__________ __________ 2,000 people went to the cinema to watch his film.
五、 完形填空
We are lucky to have many things. However, most of us usually waste them.
Electricity is one thing that we ___1__ most. Lights, TVs,___2__and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off.when we do not need them. It ___3___less than a second to do it.anyhow,not wasting electricity can save money because we do not have to ___4____the electricity we do not use.
The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is valuable.____5____it shouldn’t be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I am sure that____6___can do this easily if he wants to do.
Another big waste is food.my mother ____7___cook too much food and much of it was thrown away.I told her we had wasted so much ___8___.she thought i was right and now she cooks only what we can eat.
It is not right to be wasteful. I find there is a simple___9__of not wasting things. That’s to use only what we ___10__. Do not touch what we do not need. In this way we can stop being wasteful.
A. produce B.waste C.use D.save
A.computers B.watches C.phones D.cookers
A.brings B. gives C.keeps D.takes
A.afford B.save C.pay for D.care for
A though B.because C.so D.but
A.nobody B.something C.everything D. Nothing
A.planned to B.used to C.was able to D. Was afraid to
A.electricity B.water C.food D.money
A.way B.thing C.plan D.project
A.buy B.get C.bring D.need