非谓语动词的形式
主动 被动(只有vt.及物动词有被动) 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语
现在分词 一般式 doing being done 不 不 可以 可以 可以 可以
完成式 having done having been done
过去分词 一般式 done (表完成) done (vt.表完成和被动)
不定式 一般式 to do to be done 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以 可以
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing 无被动
动名词 一般式 doing being done 可以 可以 不 可以 可以 不
完成式 having done having been done
一.动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式 (以动词treat为例)
主动 被动 否定式
一般式 treating being treated not treating
完成式 having treated having been treated not having treated
一般式:Do you mind my opening the window 你介意我打开窗户吗?
完成式:I apologize for having broken my promise. 我没有遵守诺言,我道歉。
被动式:I could no longer stand being treated like that. 我再也不能忍受被那样对待。
完成被动式:She was proud of having been trained in the U.K. 在英国受过训,她感到自豪。
否定式:Jack's not getting the station on time made us worried. 杰克未准时到站使我们很担忧。
1.They insisted on being given another chance to try.
2.Being injured in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.
3.—They are quiet, aren’t they —Yes. They are accustomed to not taking at meals.
4.I don't appreciate being treated as a second-class citizen.
5.What I hate most is being laughed at by others.
考点一、动名词作主语典型用法
考点二:常见的只接doing作宾语的动词归纳
考点三:常见的既可以接to do也可以接doing作宾语但意义不同的动词归纳
考点四:常考含介词to的动词短语归纳(做介词宾语)
考点六:部分动名词主动形式表示被动意义(做宾语)
考点七:动名词复合结构典型用法
考点八:动名词作表语典型用法
考点九:动名词作定语典型用法
考点一、动名词作主语(谓语动词用单数)
1.动名词直接作主语;
2.It作形式主语,动名词作真正主语,用于 3. There is no doing…是固定句型
1.Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
2.Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
3.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
4.It’s no good regretting your past mistakes.
5.It is no use/good complaining。抱怨无济于事。
6.There is no denying that coffee is not for everyone. 不可否认的是咖啡并不适合每个人。
考点二:只接doing作宾语的动词归纳
mind/miss, enjoy/escape, consider, avoid/appreciate/advocate/allow, risk,finish/forbid/fancy, imagine, practise/postpone, suggest, delay
1. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.
2. Sometimes students postpone doing their homework until the last minute.
考点清单三:接to do/doing作宾语意义不同的动词归纳
forget, remember/regret, go on, stop, can’t help, mean, try。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事(未做) forget doing 忘记已经做过某事(已做)
remember to do 记得将要做某事(未做) remember doing 记得已经做过某事(已做)
regret to do 遗憾去做某事(未做) regret doing 后悔做过某事(已做)
go on to do 继续做另一件事 (对象变了) go on doing 继续做正在做的事 (对象不变)
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 (对象变了)stop doing 停止做某事 (对象不变)
Can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
mean to do 打算做某事(未做) mean doing 意味着做某事 (解释作用)
try to do 努力做某事(不一定成功) try doing 尝试做某事 (强调尝试和行动)
1.“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop me but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had wished.
2. I remembered to lock the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.
3. Because of my illness, I can’t help to do housework.
4.Seeing my mother taking good care of me, I can’t help crying.
5.After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on to thank all the people who had helped in her career.
考点四:常考含介词to的动词短语归纳
look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事
get down to doing sth.着手做某事
be used/accustomed to doing sth.习惯于做某事
stick to doing sth.坚持做某事
pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事
devote/commit/apply oneself to doing sth.致力于做某事
object to doing sth.反对做某事
be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事
When it comes to doing sth.当谈到做某事
1. Isn't it time you got down to marking the papers
2. The children are looking forward to being offered Christmas gifts.
3. She has devoted all her life to teaching the disabled boy.
考点五:常考省略介词的动词短语
spend…(in) doing花费时间做某事;
waste…(in) doing浪费时间做某事;
be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事;
prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事;
have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难;
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing做某事有困难;
There is no point/sense (in) doing做……没有用;
There is no harm (in) doing不妨做某事;
have fun (in) doing做……开心。
1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time passing the exam.
2. According to a recent survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week watching TV.
3. You can’t imagine what great trouble she had raising the four children.
考点六:部分动名词主动形式表示被动意义
want/need/require doing=to be done需要被做;
be worth doing=be worthy of being done值得被做;
deserve doing=deserve to be done值得被做。
1. After the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing/to be repaired.
2. The new film you referred to this morning deserves seeing/to be seen again.
考点七:动名词复合结构
1.名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing);
I insist on Mary's going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。
2.形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、表语或宾语。
Hi coming home late worries his other. 他来晚让妈妈很担忧。
I had not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。
3.宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)。
The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.代夫并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。
I insist on both of them coming in time. 我坚持要他们两人准时来。
4.名词+doing(Jane doing); 如:
Do you remember Mary and her mother coming to see us last year
你还记得玛丽和她妈妈去年来看我们吗?
1. Do you mind Jane being left alone at home
2. She never dreamed of there being a chance for her to go abroad for further studies.
3. Tom’s refusing(汤姆拒绝) to accept the invitation upset me.
考点八:动名词作表语
动名词作表语时,和主语通常是对等的关系,主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. = Cleaning the windows is your task.
What I hate most is being laughed at. = Being laughed at is what I hate most.
考点九:动名词作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing
1.I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not ___________(stay) out with my friends too late.
2.After ____________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
3.Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of ____________ (visit) the place.
4.As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ____________(walk)through a rainforest.
5.Scientists have responded by ________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements.
6.A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ____________ (be) Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
7.I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help __________(try) it.
8.You don’t have to run fast or for long to see the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ____________ (die) early by running.
9.I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _________ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged.
10.I still remember _________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】
1.staying 2. spending 3. visiting 4. walking 5. noting 6. being 7. to eat; trying 8. dying 9. looking 10. visiting
分层训练(二)模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. ---What do you think made Mary so upset ---________(lose) her new bicycle.
12. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_____________ (catch).
13. Don’t forget _______________(post) the letter for me when you pass by the post office.
14. Attention must be paid to _______________(develop) the education in the west.
15. I feel like __________(take) a long walk. Would you like _________(go) with me
16. I’m considering _______(buy) an iPad, which is considered ___________(be) a useful tool.
17. He thinks the film is worth____________ again but I think it isn’t worthy ________________(see).
18. She used to ____________(be) shy but now she is used to ___________(speak) bravely in public.
19. I don’t allow ___________ (smoke) here and I don’t allow my family____________ (smoke) at all.
20. China has taken steps to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______________ (attack) in the South China Sea.
【答案】
11. Losing 12. being caught 13. to post 14. developing 15. taking; to go 16. buying; to buy 17. seeing; to be seen 18. be; speaking 19. smoking; to smoke 20. being attacked
分层训练(三)单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并纠正。
21. (2021全国甲)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
22. (2018全国I) My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish.
23. She reached the top of the hill and stopped rest on a big rock.
24. I’ll never forget be left in a lonely house when I was small.
25. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term rest.
26. The president attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
27. I still remember taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
28. Jim coming late again this morning made his head teacher very angry.
29. The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without recognized.
30. Understand your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.
【答案】
21. talk改为talking 22. sell改为selling 23. rest前加to 24. be改为being 25. rest改为resting 26. president改为president’s 27. taken前加being 28. Jim改为Jim’s 29. without后加being 30. Understand改为Understanding
分层训练(四)句式升级
书面表达升级:根据提示用动名词翻译下列各句。
31. 他受不了别人那样开他的玩笑。(bear)
32. 这问题远远没有解决。(far)
33. 不经允许不要进来。(without)
34. 在动手术之前你不能吃任何东西。(operate)
35. 错过这趟火车意味着再等两小时。(mean)
36. 长时间看电视有损视力。(harm)
37. 勤洗手是避免疾病传染的有效方法之一。(infect)
38. 我们必须阻止他犯同样的错误。(prevent)
39. 我已经习惯在手机上看新闻了。(accustom)
40. 我很遗憾地说我所有的努力都白费了。(regret)
【答案】
31. He could not bear being made fun of like that.
32. This question is far from being settled.
33. Don’t come in without being permitted/permission.
34. You can't eat anything before being operated on.
35. Missing the train means waiting for another two hours.
36. Watching TV for a long time does harm to one’s eyes.
37. Washing hands regularly is one of the effective ways to avoid being infected by diseases.
38. We must stop him from making the same mistake.
39. I have got accustomed to reading the news from my cellphone.
40. I regret to say that all my efforts were in vain.
现在分词
1. (2022全国乙) To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ____________(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
2. (2022全国甲) He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ____________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
3. (2022新高考I) ____________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
4. (2022新高考II)When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ____________ (fall) child.
5. (2021北京)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ____________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.
6. (2021新高考I)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure that offers a place where you can sit down to rest your (ache) legs.
7. (2021天津)China's National Highway 318, ________(extend) over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
8. (2021浙江)This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
9. (2020全国II)They represent the earth _________(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
10. (2020全国III)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds __________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
【答案与解析】
1. inviting。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
2. planning根据句子结构可知,此处为动词-ing形式作伴随状语,主语 He 和 plan 是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此该空应填planning。
3. Covering。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语,cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状语,首字母大写。故填Covering。
4. falling。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100米,跳过了1.2米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意,fall为动词,意为“掉落”, child和fall之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
5. resulting。句意:2000年至2019年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起,造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系,且表示一种自然的结果,应用现在分词,作结果状语。故填resulting。
6. aching。修饰legs用现在分词aching,表示主动和进行的动作。故填aching。
7. extending。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000多公里,因为它的令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as是整个句子的谓语动词,所以空格处应填非谓语动词,extend与主语China's National Highway 318之间的关系为主动,所以用extending。
8. living。___________ (live) in the countryside短语作定语,表示一个主动的行为,应用现在分词。故填living。
9. coming。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。
10. surrounding。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知,the soft clouds___________ (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语,surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
分层训练(二)模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ___________ (make) use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields.
12. Nervously _________ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”.
13. ______________(consider) that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.
14. (base)an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
15. On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ___________(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
16. With no central government, the island was ruled by kings, each ______________(control) a different region of the country.
17. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, ________(exceed) the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
18. The meeting yesterday / now / (hold) tomorrow is significant.
19. China is a ______________(develop) country ______________(belong) to the Third World.
20. The manager, (make) it clear that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.
【答案】
11. making 12. facing 13. Considering 14. Basing 15. Listening 16. controlling 17. exceedding 18. held; being held; to be held 19. developing; belonging 20. having made
分层训练(三)单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并纠正。
21. (2019·全国II卷) All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.
22. (2018·全国III卷) Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud.
23. There is a great deal of evidence indicated that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
24. Look over there – there’s a very long, winding path led up to the house.
25. We are trying to solve the problems arisen from the lack of communication.
26. Seeing from this point, we find no easy solution to the problem.
27. She read the letter, tears roll down her cheeks.
28. He got up late and hurried to his office, left the breakfast untouched.
29. Now the search is on for the remained five: a dog, a rooster, a dragon, a sheep and a snake.
30. There was nothing to talk about, everyone in the room remained silent.
【答案】
21.say改为saying 22. wait改为waiting 23. indicated改为indicating 24. led改为leading 25. arisen改为arising 26. Seeing改为Seen 27. roll改为rolling 28. left改为leaving 29. remained改为remaining 30. was改为being
分层训练(四)句式升级
书面表达句式升级:请运用现在分词翻译下列各句。
31. (2022全国乙) 然而,那些选择阅读英语书访问英语网站的人只分别占18%和12%。
32. (2022全国乙) 根据一项调查,大部分正被调查的学生,确切地说是65%,选择听听英语歌曲。
33. (2022全国甲) 首先,千方百计去应对全球变暖,这已经成为海洋动物的巨大威胁。第二,冲浪或划船时,不要把垃圾丢进海洋。
34. (2022全国甲) 世界海洋日,排在6月8日,目的是提高海洋保护意识。
35. (2022新高考I) Talk and Talk栏目创立十年了。这是一个很棒的栏目,你可以和学生分享你的看法。
36. (2021全国乙) 然而,随着越来越多的学生成为在线学习者,如何智慧学习利用好在线学习已经引起广泛关注。
37. (2021全国甲) 得知你对中国感兴趣,我真的相信你能帮我解决这个困惑。
38. (2021新高考II) 我感觉抑郁时,常常选择阅读小说中包含很多虚拟故事部分。
39. (2021天津) 而且,漫步在自然保护区,你有机会看到像大熊猫和金丝猴等稀有动物。
40. (2020全国I) 我的数学老师已经为我们学生树立了榜样,他完全值得我尊敬。
【答案】
31. However, those choosing to read English books and visit English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%.
32. According to a survey, most students being interviewed, specifically 65%, choose to listen to English songs.
33. First, try every means to fight against global warming, which has become a great threat to sea creatures. Second, when surfing or boating, never drop litter into the sea.
34. World Ocean Day, falling on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
35. It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established. This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.
36. However, with an increasing number of students becoming online learners, how to be a smart online learner to make full use of online study has aroused wide attention.
37. Knowing you are interested in China, I do believe you can help me solve these puzzles.
38. When feeling depressed, I often choose to enjoy the novel part which includes a lot of imaginative stories.
39. What’s more, walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like giant pandas, golden monkeys.
10. Having set a great example to us students, my maths teacher fully deserves my respect.
过去分词
分层训练(一)高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2022全国乙) “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day… China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ____________ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
2. (2022全国甲) Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ____________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.
3. (2021北京)There is a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ____________ (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
4. (2021全国乙) It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ________ (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
5. (2021新高考全国)But that’s how nature is — always leaving us (astonish).
6. (2020全国II) They make great gifs and you see them many times __________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
7. (2020·江苏改编) Technological innovations, ____________(combine)with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
8. (2020·天津改编)___________(complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.
9. (2018·全国III) I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel ____ ____(challenge).
10. (2018·北京改编) Ordinary soap, _________(use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
【答案与解析】
1. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
2. held。考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold应用非谓语动词形式,hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
3. caused。考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,表被动。故填caused。
4. educated。考查非谓语动词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
5. astonished。考查非谓语动词。。leave sb astonished此处说明“us”的状态,“使某人感到吃惊”。故填astonished。
6. decorated。考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them指代前句中的orange trees,与decorate之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填decorated。
7. combined。考查非谓语动词。____________(combine)with good marketing相当于if they are combined with good marketing,表示被动关系。故填combined。
8. Completed。考查非谓语动词。结合语境应用过去分词表示动词与句子主语之间的被动关系。故填Completed。
9.challenged。考查非谓语动词。结合语境应用过去分词表示“感到被挑战”,应填challenged。
10. used。考查非谓语动词。_________(use) correctly相当于if it is sued correctly。故填used。
分层训练(二)模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.
12. With the government’s aid, those _________(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
13. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _______(remind) of his own dreams.
14. Hearing the good news, I felt a heavy load (take) off my mind.
15. When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth (examine)
16. _______(face) with so much trouble, China has succeeded controlling the spread of covid-19.
17. The police recommended that the (injure) in the accident (take) to the hospital.
18. Unless _____________(invite) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
19. _______ (locate) in the center of the city, the park is a good place for a rest at weekends.
20. When he came back to life,he found himself lying on the floor, with his hands __________ (tie) behind.
【答案】
11. swept 12. affected 13. reminded 14. taken 15. examined 16. faced 17. injured; should be taken 18. invited 19. located 20. tied
分层训练(三)单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并纠正。
21. (2020·全国I) I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.
22. With the boy led the way, the soldiers managed to walk through the forest.
23. Concerning about her son’s future, the mother has been sleeping very badly these months.
pare with her achievements, her shortcomings are only secondary.
25. I absolutely hate it when people eat at my house and have their eyes gluing to their phones for the entire meal.
26. “It's really a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table reserve for customers
27. Convincing that I would try my best to help him, he became less worried.
28. Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time spending with his students.
29. The elevator doors slid open, and a couple, dressing in elegant coats, appeared with shopping bags.
30. I am used to reading China Daily every morning, as it can keep me informing of the present events both at home and abroad.
【答案】
21. frying改为fried 22. led改为leading 23. Concerning改为Concerned pare改为Compared 225. gluing改为glued 26.reserve改为reserved 27. Convincing改为Convinced 28. Spending改为spent 29. dressing改为dressed 30. informing改为informed
分层训练(四)句式升级
书面表达句式升级:请运用过去分词翻译下列各句。
31. (2022全国乙) 因为缺乏自律,他们更容易对网上聊天和玩电脑游戏上瘾。
32. (2022全国甲) 没有海洋,就没有生命可以活下来,包括人类。
33. (2022全国甲) 另外,积极参加海洋机构组织的志愿者活动。
34. (2021全国乙) 和传统学校教育相比,网上学习可以随时随地发生。
35. (2021全国乙) 我很荣幸站在这里演讲,题目是“做一名智慧的网络学习者”。
36. (2021全国乙) 这不仅使我们随时随地学习,还可以为我们提供各种为我们定指的学习材料。
37. (2021全国乙) 另外,密切跟踪老师网络课堂内容是明智的,以便我们可以更加参与、聚焦和有动力。
38. (2021全国甲) 消息传来我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会。
39. (2021新高考I) 自从订阅《青年》报纸以来我已成为一名忠实的读者。
40. (2021新高考I) 尽管我感到很困惑,我还是收到很多鼓励,这给我信心去成为一名作家。
【答案】
31. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games.
32. Without the oceans, no living things would survive, humans included.
33. In addition, take an active part in the voluntary activities launched by the ocean organizations.
pared with traditional schooling, learning online can happen anytime and anywhere.
35. I feel greatly privileged to stand here to deliver a speech titled Be smart online learners.
36. Not only does it allow us to learn wherever and whenever it works for us, but also provides us with a variety of learning materials tailored to us.
37. Besides, it's wise to follow the teachers closely in online class so that we can become more involved, focused and motivated.
38. Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting with its topic related to Chinese traditional customs.
39. I have been a devoted reader since I subscribed to the newspaper Youth.
40. Refused as I was, I still received some great encouragement, which gives me confidence to be a writer.
分层训练(一)高考真题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (2022全国乙) ___________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media…
2. (2022全国甲)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
3. (2022新高考I) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority___________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
4. (2022新高考II) Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___________ (see) them.
5. (2022浙江1月) That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ___________ (continue) the practice.
6. (2021北京)Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ___________ (invest) in disaster prevention.
7. (2021全国乙) Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) and accommodations aim ________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
8. (2020全国I) Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 _______ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.
9. (2020全国II) Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ________ (care) for and make great presents.
10. (2020全国III)The next morning he hired a boat and set out _________ (find) the well-known painter.
【答案与解析】
1. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
2. to journey。考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey为动词,表示“旅行”,step前面有序数词,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。
3. to increase。考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
4. to see。考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5. to continue。考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth“计划做”,故填to continue。
6. to invest。考查非谓语动词。句意:研究结果表明,急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知,此处表示未来的动作,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to invest。
7. to have。考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在,目的是”。故填to have。
8. to find。考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
9. to care。考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。
10. to find。考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
分层训练(二)模拟试题
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
11. (2018天津) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help__________(try) it.
12. (2017全国III) Sarah, who has taken part in shows, wants______(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.
13. After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on (thank) all the people who had helped in her career.
14. Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds __________(keep) away.
15. The latest information confirms my belief that he is_____________(blame) for the accident.
16. They are talking about what they will bring to the party ___________(hold) this weekend.
17. I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________(make)matters worse, it began to rain.
18. __________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
19. With a large amount of work remain ________(do), the engineer couldn’t spare time for a holiday..
20. The novel is believed to _________________(translate) into ten foreign languages so far.
【答案】
11. to eat; trying 12. to prove 13. to thank 14. to keep 15. to have been told 16. to be held 17. to make 18. To complete 19. to be done 20. to have been translated
分层训练(三)单句改错
下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并纠正。
21. (2022全国甲) I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not staying out with my friends too late.
22. It is considerate for him to inform me of the date for the meeting.
23. There are five pairs to choose, but I'm at a loss which to buy.
24. It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness to make.
25. That’s the only way we can imagine reduce the overuse of water in bathrooms.
26. There were many talented actors out there just waiting to discover.
27. I would love to go to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report
28. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears to have told everything.
21. We’d better not to miss the chance to enjoy the play.
30. ---Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
---Sorry. With so much work fill my mind, I almost break down.
【答案】
21. talk前加to 22. for改为of 23. choose后加from 24. make改为be made 25. reduce前加to 26. discover改为be discovered 27. go改为have gone 28. have后加been 29. 去掉第一个to 30. fill改为filling
分层训练(四)句式升级
书面表达句式升级:请运用动词不定式翻译下列各句。
1. (2022全国乙)因为缺乏自律,他们更容易对网上聊天或打游戏上瘾。
2. (2022全国乙) 学生们急切的是提高自律性,父母和老师们也迫切需要提高指导性。
3.(2022全国乙) 目前,随着智能手机和电脑日益普及,越来越多学生正选择在教室之外以各种方式学英语。
4. (2022全国甲) 另外,我们可以分发传单号召更多的人保护海洋。
5. (2022全国甲) 设置“世界海洋日”目的是提高海洋保护意识,这在全球生态系统中起关键作用。
6. (2022全国甲)国家间应该携起手来制定切实可行保护海洋的方案。
7. (2022新高考I) 这是我第一次邀请你参加我们Talk and Talk节目。
8. (2022新高考I) 现在我们学英语有困难时,很多学生迫切知道如何解决。
9. (2021全国乙) 另一方面,网络学习本身也有一些不足,使我们很难不受影响。
10. (2021全国甲) 因为这个活动将在网站呈现,我真诚希望你能提一些建议。
【答案】
1. Because of their lack of self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games.
2. It’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance.
3. Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom in various ways.
4. What’s more, we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.
5. World Oceans Day was set up to raise awareness of protecting the oceans, which play a crucial part in global ecosystem.
6. Countries should team up with one another to work out practical plans regarding ocean protection.
7. This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our program —Talk and Talk.
8. Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.
9. On the other hand, online learning itself has some imperfections, making it difficult for us not to be affected.
10. Because this activity will be presented on the English website, I sincerely want you to offer me some advice.
非谓语动词综合练习
I.单句语法填空:
1. (2023·江苏连云港·高三统考阶段练习) What adds to the amazement may be the occasional sight of golden snub-nosed monkeys and constant sounds of birds __________ (sing).
2. (2023春·广东深圳·高二深圳大学附属中学校考阶段练习) Experts are now doing all they can __________ (keep) the elephants away from Kunming city.
3. (2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测) Augmented reality glasses feature among a string of measures taken by the museum to give visitors a more vivid experience of Liangzhu civilization, while __________ (help) them gain a better appreciation of Chinese culture.
4. (2022秋·山东青岛·高三山东省莱西市第一中学校考阶段练习) __________ (figure) out how computers are struggling, researchers at the University of Washington created a massive database of faces – they call it MegaFace – and tested a variety of facial-recognition algorithms (算法) as they scales up in complexity.
5. (2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模) According to the latest data from online retailer Vipshop, the domestic travel market enjoyed another peak during the weekend, as many people took short trips to celebrate Mother’s Day, __________ (carry) forward the May Day holiday momentum (势头).
6. (2023·江苏连云港·高三统考阶段练习) The natural beauty of karst land forms is common. There are waterfalls, pools and a 56-ft-high arch __________ (create) by nature after centuries of rain erosion (侵蚀).
7. (2023春·广东深圳·高二深圳大学附属中学校考阶段练习) They are setting up barriers along the way, __________ (hope) to get them to go back towards the nature reserve.
8. (2023·浙江·德清县高级中学校考模拟预测) The Yungang Grottoes in Shanxi province also have 3D “digital archives”, which allow precious cultural relics and historical archives __________ (preserve) permanently.
9. (2022秋·山东青岛·高三山东省莱西市第一中学校考阶段练习) The idea was to test the machines on a database that included up to 1 million different images of nearly 7,000 different people – and not just a large database __________ (feature) a relatively small number of different faces, more consistent with what’s been used in other research.
10. (2023·湖北荆门·荆门市龙泉中学校考三模) Over the weekend, women accounted for nearly 60 percent of consumers who traveled, according to Tuniu, an online travel agency __________ (base) in Nanjing, Jiangsu province.
11. (2023春·江苏镇江·高三江苏省镇江中学校考开学考试) It is agreed that hanzi began as simple pictures, images that the ancient Chinese people drew, painted, and carved __________ (describe) nature and their lives.
12. (2023秋·广东广州·高三广州市真光中学校考开学考试) Wearing a costume and __________ (arm) with a prop spear (道具长矛), the 42-year -old walks confidently across the stage, practising a variety of martial art movements, before ending the drill with a liangxiang (striking a pose on the stage).
13. (2022·浙江·浙江省丽水中学校联考二模) Chinese fans began posting screenshots of him next to La’eeb __________ (make) the same poses and facial expressions, and he was dubbed the “wonton wrapper prince”.
14.(2022秋·山东青岛·高三山东省莱西市第一中学校考阶段练习) Machines also had difficulty adjusting for people who look a lot alike –either doppelgangers (长相极相似的人), whom the machine would have trouble __________ (identify) as two separate people, or the same person who appeared in different photos at different ages or in different lighting, whom the machine would incorrectly view as separate people.
15. (2023·湖北武汉·湖北省武昌实验中学校考模拟预测) __________ (cover) an area of 3.6 square kilometers, Huangyao has a history of nearly 1,000 years with its origins dating back to the Song Dynasty.
16. (2023秋·江苏常州·高三统考期末) France’s goalkeeper Hugo Lloris made his 142nd appearance, __________ (come) level (平齐的) with Lilian Thuram as his country’s most-capped player.
17. (2022秋·广东广州·高一广州大学附属中学校考阶段练习) Once you find a dream, what do you do with it Do you ever try __________ (make) your dream come true
18. (2022·浙江·浙江省丽水中学校联考二模) “Hello, this is my message for all of my Chinese fans,” he said in the video. “I’m here just __________ (say) thank you for all of your beautiful comments and all of your beautiful videos.
19. (2023·山东潍坊·潍坊一中校考模拟预测) Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry __________ (write) in Classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms and close connections with particular historical periods, such as the poetry of the Tang Dynasty.
20. (2023·湖北武汉·湖北省武昌实验中学校考模拟预测) On July 14 in the Chinese lunar calendar, residents often come to the riverbank and put lanterns into the river __________ (celebrate) Zhongyuan Jie, the Hungry Ghost Festival.
21. (2023秋·江苏常州·高三统考期末) However, more significantly, Mbappé has scored nine goals in World Cups, becoming the first player __________ (reach) that mark before his 24th birthday.
22. (2022秋·广东广州·高一广州大学附属中学校考阶段练习) These kinds of thoughts stop you __________ (realize) your dreams. In fact, everyone can realize his dream.
23. (2023春·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习) When __________ (write), many calligraphers will forget all worries and even themselves, combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art.
24. (2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模) Therefore, every participant needs to have their documents __________ (translate) in both languages. Besides, real-time interpretations in Arabic, German, Russian, and Spanish must be available for all sessions.
25. (2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考模拟预测) Most visitors are young people, who share their experience of traveling to Zibo to experience the city’s barbecue culture on social platforms, __________ (attract) even more visitors.
26. (2023秋·江苏南通·高三校考阶段练习) The team has made very good use of the opportunity __________ (share) Chinese culture with the world.
27. (2023春·广东珠海·高二珠海市斗门区第一中学校考期中) I have no idea about the different types of calligraphy and the meanings __________ (hide) behind each one.
28. (2023·浙江金华·浙江金华第一中学校联考二模) The first-ever online marketplace for allotments (菜地), AllotMe, has unveiled plans for rapid __________ (expand) after securing more than 250, 000$ from investors.
29. (2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模) But later, more countries considered __________ (participate) in this contest. The IOC then made French and English the official languages of the Olympics.
30. (2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考模拟预测) Zibo-style barbecue’s classic three-piece set contains roast lamb, green onions, and nang bread, which, __________ (combine), make a mouth-watering combo (组合).
31. (2023秋·江苏南通·高三校考阶段练习) Unlike texts and videos, e-sports are understandable around the world, with the barriers of language __________ (break) down.
32. (2023春·广东珠海·高二珠海市斗门区第一中学校考期中) After taking the lesson, I now understand the difficulty of calligraphy and that it will take efforts and commitment __________ (master) this art form.
33. (2023·浙江金华·浙江金华第一中学校联考二模) Known as the “Airbnb for Gardens”, AllotMe has grown in popularity, with more than 100 hosts __________ (list) underused space to grow fruit and vegetables across the UK.
34. (2023·山东济南·山东师范大学附中校考模拟预测) The U.S. Center for Chinese Medicine is on a mission __________ (teach) the world about Traditional Chinese medicine.
35. (2023·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考二模) “When __________ (analyze) how they were made, we noticed that the warriors were divided into different classes. This contributes to research into the burial culture of the Terracotta Warriors.” the expert noted.
36. (2023秋·江苏苏州·高三常熟中学校考期末) Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive __________ (perform) consistently over a large area.
37. (2023秋·广东广州·高三广州市第六十五中学校考阶段练习) These areas have also played an important role in the protection of cultural relics, intangible cultural heritage and historic cities, towns and villages, __________ (bring) in over 14 billion yuan in average annual tourism income for locals.
38. (2023春·浙江·高三天台中学校联考阶段练习) The original Canal system began around the year 605, when China’s emperor Yang realized that he needed a better way to move food and feed his army, so the emperor ordered the construction of the first section of the Grand Canal, __________ (connect) those existing canals, lakes and rivers.
39. (2023·山东济宁·济宁一中统考三模) A cross-border cooperation mini concert held by six national treasures has gone viral overnight, __________ (touch) the hearts of audiences around the world.
40. (2023·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考二模) Through excavations, Chinese researchers have established the types and arrangement of weapons __________ (use) by the Terracotta Warriors as well as the formations and patterns of the mysterious underground army.
41. (2023秋·江苏苏州·高三常熟中学校考期末) Scientists have responded by __________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
42. (2023秋·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校考开学考试) A resort (度假胜地) in Vietnam has opened a glass-bottomed foot bridge, the third such bridge in the Southeast Asian country, __________ (connect) two mountains.
43. (2023春·浙江·高三天台中学校联考阶段练习) With UNESCO status officially __________ (grant) in 2014, the world’s greatest engineering accomplishments continue to link north and south China for centuries to come.
44. (2023·山东济宁·济宁一中统考三模) The creativity of this mini concert is a great success: to some extent, it offers a Chinese way __________ (preserve) the world-wide cultural relics.
45. (2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考模拟预测) Officials organized the ceremonies __________ (celebrate) the day and people visited each other with delicious food.
46. (2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考三模) It covers an area of 3, 300 square meters, and most diners require directions to find their __________ (reserve) tables.
47. (2023秋·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校考开学考试) The reinforced glass __________ (use) for the bridge can hold up to 450 people at a time. Each glass piece is 40 millimeters thick.
48. (2022秋·浙江·高三天台中学校联考阶段练习) __________ (locate) in Dashilan, a cultural and commercial landmark since the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the time-honored street is a traditional Beijing hutong alley lined by single-story residences.
49. (2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考一模) The crosstalk, also __________ (know) as xiangsheng in Chinese, a kind of folk art with“comic” dialogues began as a form of Street performance and is generally thought to have taken form in the late Qing Dynasty, particularly during the rule of the Xianfeng Emperor and the Tongzhi Emperor in the mid-1800s.
50. (2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考模拟预测) People think after __________ (eat) it, they will age one. People also use it to present to relatives and friends.
51. (2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考三模) At Pipa Yuan, __________ (serve) time can be a bit long, but the fresh ingredients, the mild spices, and the view from the hill can hold the patience of tourists.
52. (2023秋·广东江门·高三江门市新会第一中学校考开学考试) According to recent studies __________ (conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt, singing can be actually helpful to your immune system.
53. (2022秋·浙江杭州·高三学军中学校考阶段练习) According to data from online travel agency Qunar, the number of rooms __________ (book) at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year.
54. (2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考一模) When the right time comes, they are suddenly spilled out, just like the funny stuff being thrown out of a carefully, wrapped package, thus unexpectedly but logically with a second thought, __________ (cause) the audience to laugh.
55. (2023春·湖北随州·高三荆门市龙泉中学校联考阶段练习) Elderly people in China will have the opportunity __________ (continue) their education at a national-level university from the 2023 spring semester and onwards.
56. (2023·江苏扬州·扬州中学校考模拟预测) China has never abandoned its ambitious goal of acquiring advanced space capabilities and becoming a pioneer in the exploration of space, so as __________ (help) expand our knowledge of the universe.
57. (2023秋·广东江门·高三江门市新会第一中学校考开学考试) The study focused on a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood that function as antibodies (抗体) was obviously higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely __________ (get) sick.
58. (2022秋·浙江杭州·高三浙江省杭州第二中学校考阶段练习) __________ (prevent) autumn dryness, many regions in China have the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine, which is thought to boost heart health by strengthening blood vessels and stimulating blood flow.
59. (2023·山东青岛·山东省青岛第一中学统考一模) In Ningbo city, a young woman has made the bamboo product brand of her family’s company famous around the world, __________ (help)a fair number of bamboo farmers increase their income.
60. (2023春·湖北随州·高三荆门市龙泉中学校联考阶段练习) The ageing of China s population is becoming increasing evident, with the number of people aged 60 or above __________ (expect) to reach 300 million by 2025.
II. 语篇填空(原创)
Japan said on Tuesday that it had decided to gradually release tons of 1 (treat) wastewater from the 2 (ruin) Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant into the ocean, 3 (describe) it as the best option for disposal despite fierce opposition from fishing crews at home and concern from governments abroad.
The plan to start 4 (release) the water in two years was approved during a cabinet meeting of ministers early Tuesday. “Rather than 5 (use) the best available technology 6 (minimize) radiation hazards by storing and processing the water over the long term,” the statement added, “they have opted for the cheapest option, 7 (dump) the water into the Pacific Ocean.”
Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson Zhao Lijian urged Japan 8 (act) “in a responsible manner” over the discharge of the water. “ 9 (safeguard) international public interests and Chinese people’s health and safety, China has expressed grave concern to the Japanese side through diplomatic channels,” Zhao said Monday.
Greenpeace Japan said it “strongly condemned” the water’s release, which “completely disregards the human rights and interests of the people in Fukushima, wider Japan and the Asia-Pacific region”. “The Japanese government has once again made the people of Fukushima 10 (disappoint),” said Kazue Suzuki, the group’s climate and energy campaigner.
参考答案与详解
I. 单句语法填空:
1. singing 考查动名词。句意:更令人惊讶的是,偶尔会看到金丝猴和听到不断的鸟鸣声。分析可知,此处用动名词复合结构birds singing作介词of的宾语,sounds of birds singing“鸟鸣叫的声音”。故填singing。
2. to keep 考查非谓语动词。句意:专家们正在尽他们所能让大象远离昆明市。结合句意表示“尽一切可能做某事”可知短语为do all one can to do sth.。故填to keep。
3. helping 考查非谓语动词。句意:博物馆采取了一系列措施,让游客更生动地体验良渚文明,同时帮助他们更好地了解中国文化,其中包括增强现实眼镜。分析句子结构可知,空处为非谓语动词作状语,该动词和逻辑主句the museum之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填helping。
4. To figure 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了弄清楚计算机是如何挣扎的,华盛顿大学的研究人员创造了一个巨大的数据库,他们称之为MegaFace,测试各种人脸识别算法(算法)在扩大规模时的复杂性。这句话中,created 是谓语动词,figure 应为非谓语,此处缺目的状语,故用不定式表目的,填 To figure。
5. carrying 考查非谓语动词。句意:根据在线零售商唯品会的最新数据,国内旅游市场在周末迎来了另一个高峰,许多人选择短途旅行来庆祝母亲节,延续了五一假期的势头。分析句子结构可知carry与逻辑主语peak构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填carrying。
6. created 考查过去分词。句意:这里有瀑布、水池和一座56英尺高的拱门,这些都是经过几个世纪的雨水侵蚀后自然形成的。分析句子可知,该空作非谓语动词,create和逻辑主语waterfalls, pools and a 56-ft-high arch是被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
7. hoping 考查非谓语动词。句意:他们在沿途设置了屏障,希望能让它们回到自然保护区。分析句子结构可知hope在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语they之间是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填hoping。
8. to be preserved 考查非谓语动词。句意:山西省云冈石窟也有3D“数字档案”,可以永久保存珍贵的文物和历史档案。allow sb./sth. to do“允许某人做某事”,且“cultural relics and historical archives”和“preserve”之间是被动关系,应用不定式的被动式。故填to be preserved。
9. featuring 考查非谓语动词。句意:这个想法是在一个数据库上测试这些机器,这个数据库包含了近70万不同人的100万张不同的图像,而且不仅仅是一个大数据库,其中有相对较少的不同面孔,这与其他研究中使用的方法更加一致。此句中feature的非谓语形式作database 的后置定语,feature “以……为特征”,是一个不及物动词,故用现在分词,填featuring。
10. based 考查非谓语动词。句意:据总部位于江苏省南京市的在线旅行社途牛称,上周末,女性占出游消费者的近60%。分析句子结构可知base与逻辑主语an online travel agency构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填based。
11. to describe 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。句子谓语动词为began,所以动词describe要以非谓语的形式出现。根据句意可知,此处表达“用来描述自然和他们的生活的图像”,所以用不定式表目的。故填to describe。
12. armed 考查固定短语。句意:42岁的他穿着戏服,手持道具矛,自信地走在舞台上,练习各种武术动作,最后以一个“亮相”(在舞台上摆出一个姿势)结束练习。分析句意再根据提示词可知,此处用固定短语be armed with表示“装备有、配备有”,再分析句式结构,此处应省去be,用过去作状语。故填armed。
13. making 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国粉丝开始上传他和La’eeb在一起做出同样姿势和面部表情的截图,他被称为“馄饨皮王子”。句中谓语是began,空格处用非谓语动词,him和make之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词表主动,故填making。
14. identifying 考查动名词。句意:长相极相似的人,机器将无法识别为两个独立的人。have trouble doing 做……有困难,是固定搭配,故填identifying。
15. Covering 考查非谓语动词。句意:黄姚占地3.6平方公里,有近千年的历史,其起源可以追溯到宋代。分析句子可知,空处需用非谓语动词的形式,作状语,Huangyao和cover之间是主动关系,需用cover的现在分词形式,且空处位于句首,covering首字母需大写。故填Covering。
ing 考查现在分词。句意:法国队门将Hugo Lloris第142次出场,追平了Lilian Thuram,成为法国出场次数最多的球员。设空处为非谓语动词,和句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填coming。
17. to make 考查非谓语动词。句意:你曾经努力过让你的梦想成真吗?结合句意表示“努力做某事”可知短语为try to do sth.。故填to make。
18. to say 考查不定式。句意:我在这里只是为了感谢你们所有美丽的评论和所有美丽的视频。分析句子可知,am是谓语动词,空格处用非谓语动词,来这为了说感谢,不定式表目的,故填to say。
19. written 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国文言诗是用文言诗创作的中国传统诗歌,具有一定的传统形式,与特定的历史时期有密切的联系,如唐代诗歌。分析句子结构可知write与poetry之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。
20. to celebrate 考查非谓语动词。句意:在中国农历七月十四日,居民们经常来到河边,在河里放灯笼来庆祝中元节,也就是鬼节。分析句子可知,空处需用非谓语动词的形式,celebrate是put lanterns into the river的目的,需用不定式。故填to celebrate。
to reach 考查不定式。句意:然而,更重要的是,Mbappé在世界杯上打进了9球,成为第一个在24岁生日之前达到这一目标的球员。设空处修饰名词player作定语,名词前面有the first修饰,一般用不定式作后置定语,故填to reach。
22. realizing 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些想法会阻碍你实现你的梦想。结合句意表示“阻止某人做某事”可知短语为stop sb. doing sth.。故填realizing。
23. writing 考查现在分词。 句意:许多书法家在书写的时候,会忘记所有的烦恼,甚至忘记自己,把所有的思想融合在他们的艺术之美中。 分析可知,当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时,从句可以省略主语和be动词,设空处和主语是主动关系,所以设空处应用现在分词,故填writing。
24. translated 考查过去分词。句意:因此,每个参与者都需要将他们的文件翻译成两种语言。短语have sth. done,意为“让某事被做”,their documents和translate之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾补,故填translated。
25. attracting 考查现在分词。句意:大多数游客都是年轻人,他们在社交平台上分享自己去淄博体验这座城市烧烤文化的经历,吸引了更多的游客。分析句子可知,主系表结构完整的句子,who引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词young people,空后短语是前句产生的意料之中的结果,attract用现在分词作结果状语,故填attracting。
26. to share 考查非谓语动词。句意:这个小组充分利用这次机会去和世界分享中国文化。动词修饰opportunity时,常用不定式,表示“做某事的机会”。故填to share。
27. hidden 考查非谓语动词。句意:我不知道书法的不同类型以及每一种书法背后隐藏的含义。动词hide意为“隐藏”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语meanings构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填hidden。
28. to address 考查不定式。句意:该计划由Conor Gallapher于去年5月提出,旨在寻求解决可用花园面积短缺的问题,以应对城镇不断增长的需求,尤其是在伦敦,那里等待小块土地的清单长达40年。seek to do sth.是固定短语,表示“力图做某事”;根据英文提示,故填to address。
29. participating 考查动名词。句意:但后来,更多的国家考虑参加这个比赛。动词consider后加动名词作宾语,故填participating。
bined 考查过去分词。句意:淄博烧烤的经典三件套餐包括烤羊肉、大葱和馕,这三者结合在一起,构成了令人垂涎的套餐。分析句子可知,非限制性定语从句中已有谓语make,combine是非谓语动词,which指代 roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread,逻辑主语roast lamb, green onions, and nan bread和非谓语动词combine之间形成动宾关系,combine用过去分词表被动,故填combined。
31. broken 考查非谓语动词。句意:不像短信和视频,电子竞技能够在全世界被理解,随着语言障碍被打破。空格处是宾补,由于break与被修饰的词the barriers of language 是被动关系,因此要用过去分词。故填broken。
32. to master 考查非谓语动词。句意:在上了这堂课之后,我现在明白了书法的难度,并且需要努力和投入才能掌握这种艺术形式。此处用it作形式主语,to do不定式为真正的主语。故填to master。
33. listing 考查现在分词。句意:AllotMe被称为“Airbnb花园”,它越来越受欢迎,有100多个主机列出了英国各地未充分利用的水果和蔬菜种植空间。with后的成分是独立的复合结构,充当状语,其中动词应用非谓语形式;hosts与list是主动关系,故用现在分词表主动;故填listing。
34. to teach 考查非谓语动词。句意:美国中医中心的使命是向世界宣传中医。分析句子结构可知,此处考查固定搭配:be on a mission to do sth.意为“肩负着做某事的使命”,用不定式作定语。故填to teach。
35. analyzing 考查非谓语动词。句意:在分析它们的制作过程时,我们注意到这些战士被分为不同的等级。分析句子结构可知,本句是状语从句的省略句,完整句是“when we were analyzing how they were made”,从句的主语和从句主语相同,谓语动词是be动词,所以主语和谓语可省略。故填analyzing。
36. to perform 考查非谓语动词。句意:跟踪北极熊数量的现代方法只是从二十世纪八十年代中期以来才开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的。主系表结构之后常用不定式作原因或目的状语。故此处填to perform。
37. bringing 考查现在分词。句意:这些地区还在文物、非物质文化遗产和历史名城、历史乡镇、历史村保护方面发挥了重要作用,每年为当地人带来超过140亿元的旅游收入。句中谓语是have played,空格处用非谓语动词,These areas和bring in之间是主谓关系,因此空格处用现在分词,故填bringing。
38. connecting 考查非谓语动词。句意:最初的运河系统大约始于公元605年,当时中国的隋炀帝意识到他需要一种更好的方式来运输食物和养活他的军队,所以皇帝下令建造大运河的第一段,连接现有的运河、湖泊和河流。分析句子结构,句子谓语动词是ordered,提示词是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语the construction之间是主动关系,应用现在分词表主动,作伴随状语。故填connecting。
39. touching 考查非谓语动词。句意:由六大国宝举办的跨境合作小型音乐会一夜之间走红,触动了全世界观众的心。句中有谓语动词has gone viral,且前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,主语A cross-border cooperation mini concert和动词touch是逻辑主动关系,应用现在分词形式,故填touching。
40. used 考查非谓语动词。句意:通过发掘,中国研究人员已经确定了兵马俑使用的武器类型和排列,以及神秘地下军队的组成和模式。分析句子结构可知。本句已有谓语动词,所以use用非谓语形式,它的逻辑主语是weapons,两者是被动关系,应该用过去分词表被动。故填used。
41. noting 考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知,此处用动名词作宾语,故填noting。
42. connecting 考查非谓语动词。句意:越南的一个度假胜地开设了一座玻璃底人行桥,这是东南亚国家的第三座这样的桥,连接两座山。句子的谓语为has opened,设空处作非谓语动词,connect与逻辑主语a glass-bottomed foot bridge之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词,作后置定语。故填connecting。
43. granted 考查非谓语动词。句意:随着联合国教科文组织保护遗产的身份在2014年被官方认定,世界上最大的伟大的工程成就将在未来的几世纪里继续连接中国的南方和北方。考查with的复合结构,空格处应填非谓语动词形式,逻辑主语UNESCO status和grant之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词形式。故填granted。
44. to preserve 考查非谓语动词。句意:这场迷你音乐会的创意非常成功:在某种程度上,它提供了一种保护世界文化遗产的中国方式。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词way,a/the way to do sth.固定搭配,意为“做某事的方法”,故填to preserve。
45. to celebrate 考查非谓语动词。句意:官员们组织仪式来庆祝这一天,人们用美味的食物互相拜访。所填词作目的状语,用动词不定式。故填to celebrate。
46. reserved 考查过去分词。句意:它占地3300平方米,大多数食客需要指引才能找到他们预定的桌子。动词reserve意为“预定”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语tables构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式作定语。故填reserved。
47. used 考查非谓语动词。句意:桥上使用的强化玻璃一次最多可容纳450人。句子谓语hold,设空处应用非谓语动词,use与逻辑主语The reinforced glass之间为动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填used。
48. Located 考查非谓语动词。句意:大栅栏是自清朝(1644-1911)以来的文化和商业地标,这条历史悠久的街道是一条传统的北京胡同,两旁是单层住宅。句中的谓语动词是is,此处为非谓语动词。固定短语be located in译为“位于、坐落于”,所以此处用过去分词作状语。故填Located。
49. known 考查非谓语动词。句意:相声,在中国也被称为“xiangsheng”,是一种民间艺术,以“喜剧”对话开始作为街头表演的一种形式,通常被认为是在清末形成的,特别是在19世纪中叶咸丰皇帝和同治皇帝统治期间。短语be known as表示“被称为”,省略be动词,过去分词作后置定语,故填known。
50. eating 考查非谓语动词。句意:人们认为吃了它,他们就会老一岁。所填词放在介词after后面,且后面有宾语it,所以用动名词。故填eating。
51. serving 考查动名词。句意:在琵琶园,上菜的时间可能有点长,但新鲜的食材、温和的香料和山上的景色能让游客保持耐心。此处表示功能应用动名词作定语。故填serving。
52. conducted 考查非谓语。句意:根据法兰克福歌德大学最近进行的研究,唱歌实际上可以帮助你的免疫系统。分析句子可知,“(conduct) at Goethe University Frankfurt”在句中为后置定语,修饰名词“studies”,动词“conduct”与名词“studies”为动宾关系,所以此处用过去分词conducted,表示被动,故填conducted。
53. booked 考查非谓语动词。句意:根据在线旅行社去哪儿网的数据,假日期间在游客较少的城市的酒店预订的房间数量同比增长了30%。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词rooms,book与rooms之间为被动关系,结合句意可知,此处表示的动作已经发生,所以使用过去分词形式。故填booked。
54. causing 考查非谓语动词。句意:当合适的时机到来时,它们突然抛出来,就像有趣的东西从精心包装的包装中被扔出来一样,因此出乎意料但又合乎逻辑地三思而后行,引起观众的笑声。分析句子结构可知cause与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
55. to continue 考查非谓语动词。句意:从2023年春季学期起,中国的老年人将有机会在国家级大学继续接受教育。分析句子结构可知,此处应为非谓语动词作定语,修饰opportunity应使用不定式形式,结合句意,此处表示主动意义。故填to continue。
56. to help 考查不定式。句意:中国从未放弃获得先进空间能力、成为太空探索先锋的宏伟目标,以帮助扩大我们对宇宙的认识。表示“为了……”短语为so as to do sth.。故填to help。
57. to get 考查不定式。句意:这项研究集中在一组在专业合唱团唱歌的人身上,发现唱歌后血液中作为抗体的蛋白质含量明显更高,所以参与音乐的人不太可能生病。固定短语:be likely to do“可能做某事”,结合句中英语提示,故填to get。
58. To prevent 考查不定式。句意:为了预防秋季干燥,中国许多地区都有喝菊花酒的习俗,菊花酒被认为可以通过增强血管和刺激血液流动来促进心脏健康。根据句子结构可知,设空处应填非谓语动词。根据句意,此处表目的,应填不定式to prevent。位于句首,开头字母需大写。故填To prevent。
59. helping 考查非谓语动词。句意:在宁波市,一名年轻女子将其家族公司的竹制品品牌享誉世界,帮助相当多的竹农增加收入。分析句子可知,空格处动词help充当句子结果状语,动词和逻辑主语a young woman之间是主动关系,应使用现在分词形式。故填helping。
60. expected 考查非谓语动词。句意:预计到2025年,中国60岁以上人口将达到3亿人。分析句子结构可知,此处应为“with+宾语+宾补”结构,所以此处非谓语动词作宾补,expect与逻辑主语the number of people aged 60 or above之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词形式。故填expected。
II. 语篇填空:
1. treated 2. ruined 3. describing 4. releasing / to release 5. using 6. to minimize 7. dumping 8. to act 9. To safeguard 10. disappointed
【导语】日本决定逐步将废弃的福岛第一核电站(Fukushima Daiichi)的数吨经过处理的废水排放到海洋中。尽管国内渔民强烈反对,国外政府也表示担忧,日本政府还是批准了放水计划。他们没有采用现有的最佳技术,通过长期储存和处理水来减少辐射危害,而是选择了最廉价的方案,将水倾入太平洋。
1. 考查过去分词。句意:日本周二表示,已决定逐步将废弃的福岛第一核电站(Fukushima Daiichi)的数吨经过处理的废水排放到海洋中。根据句子意思来判断,这里指“经过处理的废水”,表示被动意思。故填treated。
2. 考查过去分词。句意同上。根据句子意思来判断,这里指“已经被废弃的福岛第一核电站”,表示被动意思。故填treated。
3. 考查现在分词。句意:尽管国内渔民强烈反对,国外政府也表示担忧,但这是处理废水的最佳选择。这里应该是现在分词做伴随状语,意为“把...描述为...”。故填describing。
4. 考查非谓语动词。动词start / begin之后,可以接-ing或to do ...形式。故填releasing / to release。
5. 考查动名词。句意:他们没有采用现有的最佳技术,通过长期储存和处理水来减少辐射危害。根据句子结构和句意,这里用在介词短语之后,用动名词形式。故填using。
6. 考查不定式。句意同上。“利用...来做...”,常常可use ... to do ...用来表示。故填to minimize。
7. 考查现在分词。句意:声明补充说,“而是选择了最廉价的方案,将水倾入太平洋。”根据句意来判断,这