-人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Review useful structures 复习被动语态课件(共30张PPT)
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| 名称 | -人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Review useful structures 复习被动语态课件(共30张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 4.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-03 21:28:46 | ||
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(共30张PPT)
Review: Translation(P4)
1 We believe he is a man of integrity, and trust his words completely.
2 Henry told me that he was in a hurry as he had an appointment with the dentist at 10:00 a.m.
3 Rumours are like sharp knives, cutting one’s dignity into pieces. We should be aware of
this and not spread unkind news around.
4 Because of the holiday, the students were dismissed early.
5 Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed not guilty until proven otherwise.
我们相信他是一个正直的人，并且完全相信他所说的话。
亨利跟我说他着急赶时间，因为他上午十点约了牙医。
谣言就像锋利的刀，会把人的尊严切碎。我们应该有所警觉并且不去到处散播不好的事情。
因为假期到了，学生们很早就放学了。
除非被证明有罪，不然不管是谁被指控有罪都不应该被假定有罪。
Review useful structures：
the passive voice
课文语法感知：
It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. (para 1)
… but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. (para 2)
Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. (para 3)
… she was being offered sympathy by a robot, … (para 4)
As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, … (para 6)
So she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. (para 6)
How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. (para 6)
The house , which was being completely transformed, would be ready. (para 7)
be tested out
to be harmed.
was being looked after
was being offered
was not allowed to
was being treated
to be discovered
was being completely transformed
语态用来表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
什么时候常用被动语态
不知道动作的执行者
没有必要指出动作的执行者
强调动作的承受者
The introduction of the passive voice:
什么时候常用被动语态？
1. 当不知道动作的执行者时：
- 示例：The document was signed .
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者时：
- 示例：The book was published in 2023.（这本书于2023年出版）
3. 强调动作的承受者时：
- 示例：The house was damaged by the earthquake.（房子被地震损坏了）
The basic composition of the passive voice
一般时 进行时 完成时
现在时
过去时
将来时
am / is / are done
am / is / are being done
was / were done
shall / will be done
was / were being done
had been done
shall / will
have been done
has / have been done
Review
特殊结构的被动形式
(1) 双宾动词的被动结构
例：He gave her some money.
She was given some money.
Some money was given to her.
带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加 to 或 for。
Review
带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。
(2) 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构
例：His father called him Jack.
He was called Jack by his father.
Review
(3)“it + be + 过去分词 + 从句”式的被动结构
常见的结构有：
It is known that ...
It is suggested that ...
It is believed that ...
It is reported that ...
It is said that ...
It is hoped that ...
Review
(4)主动形式表被动意义
① 有些不及物动词主动形式可表被动意义
某些连系动词，如 feel, look, prove, smell, sound, taste 等。
It can’t move. The door won’t shut.
某些与 can’t, won’t 等连用的不及物动词，如 move, lock, shut, open 等。
My new pen writes well. The cloth doesn’t wash easily.
某些可与 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如 read, write, wash 等。
The food tasted better than it looked.
Review
② 非谓语动词的某些主动形式表示被动意义
The question is difficult to answer.
Volleyball is very interesting to watch.
在“be + 形容词+ 不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
常见形容词有：cheap, easy, comfortable, difficult, hard, light, heavy, expensive, pleasant, interesting, fit 等
Review
例：The film is well worth seeing.
The policy is partly to blame for causing the worst unemployment
in Europe.
在 be worth doing 和 be to blame 结构中，动词 -ing 形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
当 want, need, require, deserve 表示“需要”或“值得”时，其宾语可用动词 -ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例：The floor really needs cleaning (= to be cleaned).
Most house plants require watering (= to be watered).
Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets. Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese. (P5 E2)
What is done cannot ___________. (undo)
be undone
木已成舟
Janet ___________ chairwoman of the student union last month. (elect)
was elected
Two hundred grammes of flour should _________ to the cake mix. (add)
珍妮特上个月当选为学生会主席。
be added
蛋糕料里需要加入两百克面粉。
A 3,000-seat venue ________________________ for the circus performance in November. (build)
was built / will be built
一个拥有三千座位,供马戏表演使用的场地于十一月建成 / 将在十一月建成。
Working efficiency _________________ since this new software was adopted. (improve)
Only one piece of carry-on luggage _______________ for each economy class passenger. (allow)
自从采用了新软件,工作效率就被提升了。
has been improved
It is a great honour for me to______________ to address this international AI conference. (invite)
经济舱的乘客每人仅允许携带一件随身行李。
is allowed
be invited
我很荣幸能被邀请在 AI 大会上发言。
When I entered the room, I found that the salesman’s salary ____________________ at the meeting. (discuss)
With exams being adapted into Braille, a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination. He is expected _____________ to atop university. (admit)
我进会议室的时候发现正在讨论销售员的薪水。
was being discussed
使用转换为盲文的高考试卷,一位高中的视障学生考取了630分(总分650）。他有望被一所名校录取。
to be admitted
Read the introduction to a science fiction novel and complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. (P5 E3)
Science fiction __________ by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and ___________________. The Three-Body Problem, ______ by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is one of those astonishing predictions about the future. The work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in 2006 and printed as a three-volume book in 2008. When the first volume _______________ into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu, it attracted attention around the world, becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel. The book __________ many themes such as space exploration, alien contact, Al, and the future of humans.
Para 1
is regarded
explored / represented
written
was translated
represents
The Three-Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people, Ye Wenjie and WangMiao. Ye _____________ to join a secret project in a remote area of China, which ______________ to contact alien life forms. In the other story, set 20 years later, Wang Miao _____________ in a popular online game called “Three Body”, in which people live on an unknown planet with three suns. But Wang discovers it is more than a game — it uncovers a great danger threatening human existence. How are these two people’s stories ___________ And how will their behaviour change Earth’s future and the civilisations of other planets Answers to all these questions are waiting to _______________ when you go on reading.
Para 2
be discovered
is recruited
has been set up
gets caught up
connected
1.what is done can't be undone.
2.the student union
3.be added to
4.a 3000-seat venue
5.circus performance
6.working efficiency
7.be adopted
8.one piece of carry-on luggage
9.economy class passenger
10.address
11.Braille
12.be expected to do
13.be admitted to
14.a top university
P5
1.木已成舟。
2.学生会
3.被添加到
4.一个3000个座位的场所
5.马戏团表演
6.工作效率
7.被采纳
8.一件随身行李
9.经济舱的乘客
10.演讲
11.盲文
12.期望做某事
13.被录取
14.顶尖大学
be regarded as
astonishing predictions
a three-volume books
represent
space exploration
alien contact
unrelated people
be recruited [ri kru t]
get caught up
uncover
threaten human existence
civilization
the answer to
P5
被视为
惊人的预测
三卷书
代表
太空探索
外星人接触
不相关的人
被招募
被
发现
威胁人类生存
文明
这个问题的答案
Why does the author write this passage
Read the passage again and answer the questions blow. (P5 E3)
How does he / she convey his / her purpose
The passage is a book introduction to the sci-fi novel The Three-Body Problem, written by Chinese writer Liu Cixin. With The Three-Body Problem, the writer intends to tell us how our future can be freely imagined and represented in science fiction.
The first paragraph tells about the book’s writer and translator and introduces its influence and achievement. The second paragraph contains a very brief summary of the book’s beginning, which is aimed to arouse readers’ curiosity.
The exercises of the passive voice
1. The flight must __________ (book) by tomorrow.
2. The twins ________ (look like) their mother.
3. She __________ (invite) to Jack’s 16th birthday party in New Jersey.
4. The pizza ________ (taste) delicious without any cheese at all.
be booked
look like
was invited
tastes
The exercises of the passive voice
5. The company believes the products will ________ (sell) well in the run-up to Christmas.
6. The story ________ (read) well.
7. Would you please keep silent The weather report ________________ (broadcast) and I want to listen.
8. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future _______ (belong) to the well-educated.
sell
reads
is being broadcast
belongs
高考链接
The artist was sure he would ____________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. (2020 全国III卷)
And, as more children were born, more food ___________ (need). (2020 浙江)
My washing machine _________________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. (2018 天津)
A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _______________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. (2018 北京)
be chosen
was needed
is being repaired
had been trapped
Summarry
1.被动语态的构成：
被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数和句子时态的不同而变化。
现在 过去 将来 过去将来
一般 is/am/are done was/were done will/shall be done would/should be done
进行 is/am/are being done was/were being done will/shall be being done would/should be being done
完成 have/has been done had been done will/shall have been done would/should have been done
2.主动形式表被动意义
(1)系动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste 等＋形容词/名词。
The steel feels cold.钢摸起来很凉。
(2)动词need, require, want, be worth后加动词－ing形式的主动结构表被动意义。
My watch can’t work; it needs repairing.
我的手表不能用了，需要修了。
(3)某些可和well，easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如read，write, draw，wash，clean，cook，sell 等。
Nylon cleans easily.尼龙容易清洗。
Homework：
Finish the exercises
Homework
Finish Exercise 4 on Page 61 and Exercise 1, Exercise 2, Exercise 3, and Exercise 4 on Page 62.
①The parts of a museum open to the publicare are called (call) galleries or rooms.
②The artist was sure he would be chosen (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
③As more children were born，more food eeded(need)．
④This English saying has much truth in it：the best place
is surrounded (surround) by our loved ones and with a roof over our head.
⑤On the last day of our week－long stay，we were invited
(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm ，listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
are called
be chosen
was needed
is surrounded
were invited
THANK YOU
Review: Translation(P4)
1 We believe he is a man of integrity, and trust his words completely.
2 Henry told me that he was in a hurry as he had an appointment with the dentist at 10:00 a.m.
3 Rumours are like sharp knives, cutting one’s dignity into pieces. We should be aware of
this and not spread unkind news around.
4 Because of the holiday, the students were dismissed early.
5 Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed not guilty until proven otherwise.
我们相信他是一个正直的人，并且完全相信他所说的话。
亨利跟我说他着急赶时间，因为他上午十点约了牙医。
谣言就像锋利的刀，会把人的尊严切碎。我们应该有所警觉并且不去到处散播不好的事情。
因为假期到了，学生们很早就放学了。
除非被证明有罪，不然不管是谁被指控有罪都不应该被假定有罪。
Review useful structures：
the passive voice
课文语法感知：
It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. (para 1)
… but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. (para 2)
Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. (para 3)
… she was being offered sympathy by a robot, … (para 4)
As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, … (para 6)
So she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. (para 6)
How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. (para 6)
The house , which was being completely transformed, would be ready. (para 7)
be tested out
to be harmed.
was being looked after
was being offered
was not allowed to
was being treated
to be discovered
was being completely transformed
语态用来表示主语与谓语之间的关系。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者
什么时候常用被动语态
不知道动作的执行者
没有必要指出动作的执行者
强调动作的承受者
The introduction of the passive voice:
什么时候常用被动语态？
1. 当不知道动作的执行者时：
- 示例：The document was signed .
2. 没有必要指出动作的执行者时：
- 示例：The book was published in 2023.（这本书于2023年出版）
3. 强调动作的承受者时：
- 示例：The house was damaged by the earthquake.（房子被地震损坏了）
The basic composition of the passive voice
一般时 进行时 完成时
现在时
过去时
将来时
am / is / are done
am / is / are being done
was / were done
shall / will be done
was / were being done
had been done
shall / will
have been done
has / have been done
Review
特殊结构的被动形式
(1) 双宾动词的被动结构
例：He gave her some money.
She was given some money.
Some money was given to her.
带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加 to 或 for。
Review
带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。
(2) 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构
例：His father called him Jack.
He was called Jack by his father.
Review
(3)“it + be + 过去分词 + 从句”式的被动结构
常见的结构有：
It is known that ...
It is suggested that ...
It is believed that ...
It is reported that ...
It is said that ...
It is hoped that ...
Review
(4)主动形式表被动意义
① 有些不及物动词主动形式可表被动意义
某些连系动词，如 feel, look, prove, smell, sound, taste 等。
It can’t move. The door won’t shut.
某些与 can’t, won’t 等连用的不及物动词，如 move, lock, shut, open 等。
My new pen writes well. The cloth doesn’t wash easily.
某些可与 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如 read, write, wash 等。
The food tasted better than it looked.
Review
② 非谓语动词的某些主动形式表示被动意义
The question is difficult to answer.
Volleyball is very interesting to watch.
在“be + 形容词+ 不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
常见形容词有：cheap, easy, comfortable, difficult, hard, light, heavy, expensive, pleasant, interesting, fit 等
Review
例：The film is well worth seeing.
The policy is partly to blame for causing the worst unemployment
in Europe.
在 be worth doing 和 be to blame 结构中，动词 -ing 形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
当 want, need, require, deserve 表示“需要”或“值得”时，其宾语可用动词 -ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例：The floor really needs cleaning (= to be cleaned).
Most house plants require watering (= to be watered).
Complete the sentences with appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets. Then try to translate these sentences into Chinese. (P5 E2)
What is done cannot ___________. (undo)
be undone
木已成舟
Janet ___________ chairwoman of the student union last month. (elect)
was elected
Two hundred grammes of flour should _________ to the cake mix. (add)
珍妮特上个月当选为学生会主席。
be added
蛋糕料里需要加入两百克面粉。
A 3,000-seat venue ________________________ for the circus performance in November. (build)
was built / will be built
一个拥有三千座位,供马戏表演使用的场地于十一月建成 / 将在十一月建成。
Working efficiency _________________ since this new software was adopted. (improve)
Only one piece of carry-on luggage _______________ for each economy class passenger. (allow)
自从采用了新软件,工作效率就被提升了。
has been improved
It is a great honour for me to______________ to address this international AI conference. (invite)
经济舱的乘客每人仅允许携带一件随身行李。
is allowed
be invited
我很荣幸能被邀请在 AI 大会上发言。
When I entered the room, I found that the salesman’s salary ____________________ at the meeting. (discuss)
With exams being adapted into Braille, a blind senior high school student scored 630 points out of 650 in the College Entrance Examination. He is expected _____________ to atop university. (admit)
我进会议室的时候发现正在讨论销售员的薪水。
was being discussed
使用转换为盲文的高考试卷,一位高中的视障学生考取了630分(总分650）。他有望被一所名校录取。
to be admitted
Read the introduction to a science fiction novel and complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. (P5 E3)
Science fiction __________ by many people as a mirror through which our future can be freely imagined and ___________________. The Three-Body Problem, ______ by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, is one of those astonishing predictions about the future. The work was first published in a Chinese sci-fi magazine in 2006 and printed as a three-volume book in 2008. When the first volume _______________ into English by Chinese-American author Ken Liu, it attracted attention around the world, becoming the first Asian winner of the Hugo Award for Best Novel. The book __________ many themes such as space exploration, alien contact, Al, and the future of humans.
Para 1
is regarded
explored / represented
written
was translated
represents
The Three-Body Problem begins with the stories of two unrelated people, Ye Wenjie and WangMiao. Ye _____________ to join a secret project in a remote area of China, which ______________ to contact alien life forms. In the other story, set 20 years later, Wang Miao _____________ in a popular online game called “Three Body”, in which people live on an unknown planet with three suns. But Wang discovers it is more than a game — it uncovers a great danger threatening human existence. How are these two people’s stories ___________ And how will their behaviour change Earth’s future and the civilisations of other planets Answers to all these questions are waiting to _______________ when you go on reading.
Para 2
be discovered
is recruited
has been set up
gets caught up
connected
1.what is done can't be undone.
2.the student union
3.be added to
4.a 3000-seat venue
5.circus performance
6.working efficiency
7.be adopted
8.one piece of carry-on luggage
9.economy class passenger
10.address
11.Braille
12.be expected to do
13.be admitted to
14.a top university
P5
1.木已成舟。
2.学生会
3.被添加到
4.一个3000个座位的场所
5.马戏团表演
6.工作效率
7.被采纳
8.一件随身行李
9.经济舱的乘客
10.演讲
11.盲文
12.期望做某事
13.被录取
14.顶尖大学
be regarded as
astonishing predictions
a three-volume books
represent
space exploration
alien contact
unrelated people
be recruited [ri kru t]
get caught up
uncover
threaten human existence
civilization
the answer to
P5
被视为
惊人的预测
三卷书
代表
太空探索
外星人接触
不相关的人
被招募
被
发现
威胁人类生存
文明
这个问题的答案
Why does the author write this passage
Read the passage again and answer the questions blow. (P5 E3)
How does he / she convey his / her purpose
The passage is a book introduction to the sci-fi novel The Three-Body Problem, written by Chinese writer Liu Cixin. With The Three-Body Problem, the writer intends to tell us how our future can be freely imagined and represented in science fiction.
The first paragraph tells about the book’s writer and translator and introduces its influence and achievement. The second paragraph contains a very brief summary of the book’s beginning, which is aimed to arouse readers’ curiosity.
The exercises of the passive voice
1. The flight must __________ (book) by tomorrow.
2. The twins ________ (look like) their mother.
3. She __________ (invite) to Jack’s 16th birthday party in New Jersey.
4. The pizza ________ (taste) delicious without any cheese at all.
be booked
look like
was invited
tastes
The exercises of the passive voice
5. The company believes the products will ________ (sell) well in the run-up to Christmas.
6. The story ________ (read) well.
7. Would you please keep silent The weather report ________________ (broadcast) and I want to listen.
8. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future _______ (belong) to the well-educated.
sell
reads
is being broadcast
belongs
高考链接
The artist was sure he would ____________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. (2020 全国III卷)
And, as more children were born, more food ___________ (need). (2020 浙江)
My washing machine _________________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand. (2018 天津)
A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _______________ (trap) in the mountains for two days. (2018 北京)
be chosen
was needed
is being repaired
had been trapped
Summarry
1.被动语态的构成：
被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数和句子时态的不同而变化。
现在 过去 将来 过去将来
一般 is/am/are done was/were done will/shall be done would/should be done
进行 is/am/are being done was/were being done will/shall be being done would/should be being done
完成 have/has been done had been done will/shall have been done would/should have been done
2.主动形式表被动意义
(1)系动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste 等＋形容词/名词。
The steel feels cold.钢摸起来很凉。
(2)动词need, require, want, be worth后加动词－ing形式的主动结构表被动意义。
My watch can’t work; it needs repairing.
我的手表不能用了，需要修了。
(3)某些可和well，easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如read，write, draw，wash，clean，cook，sell 等。
Nylon cleans easily.尼龙容易清洗。
Homework：
Finish the exercises
Homework
Finish Exercise 4 on Page 61 and Exercise 1, Exercise 2, Exercise 3, and Exercise 4 on Page 62.
①The parts of a museum open to the publicare are called (call) galleries or rooms.
②The artist was sure he would be chosen (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
③As more children were born，more food eeded(need)．
④This English saying has much truth in it：the best place
is surrounded (surround) by our loved ones and with a roof over our head.
⑤On the last day of our week－long stay，we were invited
(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm ，listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
are called
be chosen
was needed
is surrounded
were invited
THANK YOU