牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 Food matters知识点讲义

选择性必修一 Unit 1 Food matters
1. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. (P2)
不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。
mood n. 情绪，心情；气氛，氛围
【搭配】
be in a good/bad mood 心情不错/不好
be/feel (not) in the mood for sth/to do sth （没）有做某事的心情
【例句】
The piece of news he received last night really put him in a bad mood.
昨晚他收到的这条消息让他的心情真的很糟糕。
Tom is not in the mood to argue with his father.
汤姆没有心情和他爸爸争论。
【拓展】
moody adj. 情绪不好的，喜怒无常的
【例句】
David’s mother was unstable and moody.
戴维的母亲情绪不稳定，喜怒无常。
2. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. (P2)
不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。
combination n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合
【搭配】
a combination of ……的结合
in combination with 与……联合
【例句】
The combination of hot weather and decreased water supplies is hurting many industries.
天气炎热和供水减少这两个因素结合在一起对很多行业造成了损害。
A combination of talent and diligence contributed to her success.
天赋和勤奋的结合促成了她的成功。
The company is ready to conduct a new plan in combination with several overseas partners.
公司联合几家海外伙伴准备实施一项新的计划。
【拓展】
combine vt. & vi. （使）融合；（使）结合，（使）混合；兼做；合并
combine ... against ... 联合……起来对付……
combine ... and/with ... 把……和……结合起来
【例句】
The company combined two partners against the competitors.
这家公司联合了两个伙伴对付竞争者。
Only by combining theory with practice can it become a reliable knowledge.
只有当理论与实践相结合时，它才会变成可靠的知识。
3. Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which
works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. (P2)
有时候仅仅闻一闻味儿就能奏效，更不要说那美妙、滑腻的口感了，它像一台时光机，立
即将我带回阳光灿烂的童年。
do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的
【例句】
These pills should do the trick. You’ll feel much better in no time.
这些药片应该能起作用。你很快就会感觉好多了。
Sometimes a few choice words will do the trick.
有时斟酌得当的只言片语就能达到目的。
【拓展】
trick n. 把戏，诡计
【例句】
It’s an old trick but it just might work.
那是个老把戏，不过也许能管用。
4. In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind. (P2)
在本文里，我们要特别讲一类治愈系食物，它的力量主要在于它所唤起的联想。
association n. 联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往
【搭配】
in association with ... 与……合作
【例句】
Qingdao Haier Co. Ltd, in association with Inc., sponsored an Olympics online “love touch” relay.
青岛海尔有限公司携手百度公司，赞助奥运在线“爱心火炬”传递活动。
【拓展】
associate vt. 联想，联系 n. 伙伴，同事 adj. 副的
be associated with 与……有关
【例句】
Of course, rising demand need not always be associated with higher prices.
当然，需要的日益上升并不一定总是与价格上涨联系在一起。
5. They vary from person to person, depending on our own unique experiences that have shaped
our lives. (P2)
它们由塑造我们人生的独特经历决定，因人而异。
vary vi. （根据情况）变化，变更；相异，不同 vt. 变更，改变
【搭配】
vary with/by ... 随……而变化
vary from A to B 从A到B变化
【例句】
House prices vary with the population in that area.
那个地区房价随人口变化而变动。
The level of collaboration also varies from country to country.
不同国家之间的合作程度也有区别。
【拓展】
various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的
variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样化；变种
6. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions. (P2)
如果我们从小在家就吃某些特定的食物，这些食物就很容易与积极的情绪产生关联。
link vt. 联系，相关联；把……连接起来 n. 联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接
【搭配】
link A to/with B 把A和B联系起来
link up with sb/sth 与……联合
be closely/directly linked to/with 与……紧密/直接关联
【例句】
We linked up with the bands to hold a charity concert.
我们和乐队联手举办慈善音乐会。
Some experts think that smoking is directly linked with lung cancer.
一些专家认为吸烟和肺癌有直接的联系。
Our school has established strong links with an African school.
我们学校与一所非洲学校建立了牢固的关系。
7. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. (P3)
一口治愈系食物带我们回到自己文化的根，带来我们渴望的“家的味道”，一解思乡之情。
cry out for 迫切需要
【例句】
This is a disgraceful state of affairs and cries out for a thorough investigation.
这是一件不光彩的事情，急需进行彻底的调查。
The company is crying out for fresh new talent.
公司急需新的人才。
All these things cry out for careful planning.
所有这些事情都迫切需要做出细致的计划。
8. One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. (P3)
一口治愈系食物带我们回到自己文化的根，带来我们渴望的“家的味道”，一解思乡之情。
relieve vt. 解除，减轻；缓和，缓解
【搭配】
relieve sb of sth 帮助减轻（负担）；开除/解除某人的职务
【例句】
A secretary was hired to relieve her of some of the administrative work.
雇了一个秘书来减轻她一些行政工作的负担。
【拓展】
relief n. 宽慰，宽心；救济
to one’s relief 令某人安心的是
relieved adj. 宽慰的，放心的
【例句】
Much to my relief the car was not damaged.
令我非常庆幸的是车并没有损坏。
9. However, there is another type of comfort food, which generates positive emotions in a different way. (P5)
然而，还有一种治愈系食物，它以另一种方式使人们产生积极情绪。
generate vt. 产生，引起
【例句】
His latest novel has generated a lot of interest.
他最近的小说引起了众多的关注。
【拓展】
generation n. 一代人，同代人
generator n. 发电机
【例句】
She was one of the greatest minds of her generation.
她是她那一代人中最聪慧的人之一。
We need to fire up one of the generators.
我们需要开动一台发电机。
10. When the chemical lowers blood sugar levels, we are likely to feel sad again and will greedily eat more comfort food. (P5)
当这种化学物质降低血糖水平时，我们可能会再次感到难受，并会贪婪地吃更多的治愈系食物。
lower vt. 降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下 adj. 下面的；在底部的；低洼的
【例句】
The shop had to lower prices in order to stay competitive.
为了保持竞争力，这家店不得不降低价格。
He lowered his head and saw what she was holding.
他低着头，看到了她手上拿的东西。
Some students would like to choose lower beds in the dormitory for convenience.
为了方便有些学生愿意选择宿舍的下铺。
11. To eat out was also a social activity, allowing me to enhance the relationship with my friends.
(P6)
外出吃饭也是一种社交活动，可以增进我和朋友之间的关系。
enhance vt. 提高，增加
【搭配】
enhance the chance to get a job 增加找到工作的机会
enhance the public image 提升公众形象
enhance her appearance 使她显得更美丽
【例句】
Mirrors can enhance the feeling of space in small rooms.
镜子可以增加小房间的空间感。
Music can keep you happy and enhance your enjoyment of life.
音乐能让你愉快并增添生活乐趣。
【拓展】
enhancement n. 增强；美化；用以增强、美化之物
12. In the last few weeks, I’ve thrown myself into home cooking, from boiling noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan. (P6)
最近几周，我全身心投入到家常菜的烹饪中，从深口锅里煮面条到平底锅里煎牛排。
throw oneself to 投身于，热衷于
【搭配】
throw into 扔进
throw away 扔掉，丢弃
throw off 摆脱
throw at 投向，掷向
throw in 额外赠送
【例句】
They threw the book into the well so no one would find it.
他们把书扔到井里，这样就没人能找到它。
People are recycling many things which they would throw away in the past.
人们现在回收很多过去会扔掉的东西。
It took him three weeks to throw off his cold.
他的感冒过了三周才好。
13. As long as you are not afraid of heights, you will be impressed by Sky Buffet, the latest restaurant in the city centre. (P7)
只要你不恐高，你就会被市中心的一家新餐馆——天空自助餐厅打动。
impress vt. & vi. 使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到
【搭配】
impress sb with/by sth 某事给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by sth 对某事印象深刻
it impresses sb that ... 令某人印象深刻的是……
【例句】
The boy impressed us with his liveliness and good manners.
这个孩子活泼又有礼貌，给我们留下了深刻印象。
We were impressed by her fluent spoken English.
她流利的英语口语给我们留下了深刻的印象。
【拓展】
impress vt. 使意识到
impress sth on/upon sb 使某人意识到……
impression n. 印象；影响
impressive adj. 给人以深刻印象的
【例句】
The teacher impressed on the students the performance of carefulness.
老师让学生们意识到细心的重要性。
He gives me the impression of being humorous.
他给我的印象是很幽默。
The language of the novel is impressive, but its plot lacks real excitement.
这部小说的语言给人留下了深刻的印象，但是情节不够刺激。
14. Better still, its entire seating area turns slowly and it is enjoyable to see the scenery outside while having your meal. (P7)
更棒的是，整个座位区转得很慢，用餐的时候欣赏外面的风景是一种享受。
scenery n. 风景，景色；舞台布景
【搭配】
the lake scenery 湖景
enjoy/admire the scenery 欣赏风景
the beautiful of the scenery 风景秀丽
beautiful/breathtaking scenery 美景/壮丽景色
【例句】
They stood at the top of the hill to admire the beautiful scenery.
他们站在山顶，欣赏美景。
【拓展】
scenery n. 舞台布景
the scenery for Act 1 第一幕的舞台布景
set up the scenery 搭舞台布景
易混词 辨析
scenery 表示“风景”的集合名词，主要指某一国家或地区的总体景色或自然风景。如： The higher we climbed, the more beautiful the scenery of Mount Huang became. 我们爬得越高，黄山的风景越美。
sight 既可以指眼前看到的景象，又可以指名胜、风景，尤指人工制成的景，但表示 后者的含义时，习惯上要用复数。如： The Great Wall is one of the sights of the world. 长城是世界名胜之一。
view 主要指从某处看到的景色、风景，尤指自然美景。如： The view from the top of the tower is amazing. 从塔顶看到的景色很美妙。
scene 多指某一特定或具体场面的景色、风光等，可以是室内的，也可以是室外的， 可以是城市的，也可以是乡村的，可以是活动的，也可以是静态的。如： She wants to leave the city to enjoy a delightful rural scene. 她想离开城市，欣赏愉悦的乡村风光。
15. If you want to get the most wonderful views, your best bet is to sit by the window an hour before sunset and watch how the sky changes colours. (P7)
如果你想欣赏最美妙的景色，你最好的办法是在日落前一小时坐在窗边，看天空如何变
换颜色。
bet n. 打赌，赌注；预计，估计 vi. & vt. (bet, bet) 下赌注，打赌；敢说
【搭配】
the/one’s best bet 最好的办法
make/have a bet on sth 打赌……
win/lose a bet 赌赢/赌输
place/put/lay a bet on sth 在……上下赌注
bet on/against sth 赌……
bet sth on sth 把……下在……上
you bet 的确，当然
I bet that ... = I’m certain that ... 我敢肯定……
【例句】
Given that he has been fooling around these days, I would say his best bet now is to stay up
late studying.
考虑到这些天来他一直在鬼混，我认为眼下他最好的办法就是熬夜学习了。
I bet her $10 that Lily would be late again.
我和她赌10美元，莉莉又会迟到。
【语法知识】
1. Whenever I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails: rice, milk and sugar, cooked low and slow. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. (P2)
每当感到孤独，我都有一个屡试不爽的秘方：大米、牛奶和糖，小火慢炖。不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。
whenever和no matter how引导的让步状语从句
句式剖析
句中whenever和no matter how都引导让步状语从句，在从句中充当状语。
考点提炼
“no matter+疑问词”和“疑问词+ever”都可以用来引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever comes to the opening ceremony, he will receive a gift.
= No matter who comes to the opening ceremony, he will receive a gift.
无论谁来参加开幕式，都会收到一份礼物。
归纳拓展
(1) whoever、whatever、whichever等这类词还可用来引导主语从句、宾语从句等。whenever可以引导时间状语从句，wherever可以引导地点状语从句。
Whenever you have any questions, you can come to me for help.
无论什么时候你有问题，都可以找我。
Whoever comes to the opening ceremony will receive a gift.
来参加开幕式的人都会收到一份礼物。（主语从句）
(2) whatever在引导名词性从句时相当于anything that。如：
Whatever he did was right. = Anything that he did was right.
无论他做什么都是正确的。
(3) whoever在引导名词性从句时相当于anyone who。如：
Whoever breaks this law deserves a punishment.
= Anyone who breaks this law deserves a punishment.
违反本法者应予以惩罚。
2. Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which
works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. (P2)
有时候仅仅闻一闻味儿就能奏效，更不要说那美妙、滑腻的口感了，它像一台时光机，立
即将我带回阳光灿烂的童年。
动词-ing形式作后置定语
句式剖析
句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the smell，transporting me ...作后置定语修饰a time machine，被修饰词执行该动作。
考点提炼
动词-ing形式作后置定语时，与所修饰词在逻辑上是主动关系，还表示动作正在进行。如：
I don’t recognize the girl wearing a red jacket.
我不认识那个穿着红夹克的女孩。
归纳拓展
动词-ed形式、动词不定式也可以作后置定语。动词-ed形式作后置定语时，通常与所修饰词在逻辑上是被动关系，所表示的动作已经完成。动词不定式作后置定语时，可以表示将来的动作。如：
I have read many novels written by him.
我读过他写的很多小说。
The gym to be constructed will satisfy many citizens’ needs.
即将修建的体育馆将满足很多居民的需要。
3. For example, we often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood and its flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of. (P3)
比如，我们经常把鸡汤与快乐的童年联系在一起，它的味道与被关爱的感觉有关。
动词-ing形式的被动结构
句式剖析
句中of为介词，后面需要接动词-ing形式，但是又要表达“被关爱”之意，所以用being done的形式。
考点提炼
动词-ing形式的被动式可以用于介词后作宾语，表示被动的动作。如：
Most people won’t volunteer a suggestion without being asked.
多数人不会在没有被要求的情况下主动提出建议。
My former teacher was honoured for being devoted to the cause of education.
我以前的一位老师因致力于教育事业受到了表彰。
归纳拓展
(1) 动词-ing形式的被动结构还可以用作主语，表示被动的动作。如：
Being criticized by his father made him upset.
被爸爸批评使他感到不安。
Being attacked by sharks was a common occurrence.
被鲨鱼袭击是常有的事。
(2) 动词-ing形式的被动结构用作定语时，只能置于被修饰词后，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。如：
The man being questioned by the police is my neighbour.
那个正受到警察盘问的人是我邻居。
The TV programme being produced now aims mainly to reflect the local people’s life.
目前正在制作中的电视节目主要旨在反映当地人的生活。
(3) 动词-ing形式的被动结构主要用在see、hear、watch、feel、find、discover、imagine、keep、like、notice等动词后作宾语补足语，表示一个正在进行的被动动作。如：
I happened to hear the bedroom door being opened slowly.
我碰巧听见卧室的门慢慢地被推开。
4. The hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. (P11)
那火辣的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流浃背。
动词不定式作结果状语
句式剖析
动词不定式to heat up a cold midwinter evening和to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon修饰enough作状语，表结果。
考点提炼
动词不定式在“be+形容词/副词enough to do”、“too+形容词/副词+to do”句型中，动词不定式作结果状语。如：
The evidence is not convincing enough to prove his innocence.
证据不够有说服力，不能够证明他是清白的。
He is not old enough to lead an independent life.
他年龄还小，不能独立生活。
动词不定式作结果状语，常指意想不到的结果，通常会在动词不定式前面加only。如：
He hurried to the train station, only to find the train gone.
他急忙赶到火车站，发现火车已经开走了。
归纳拓展
(1) 动词不定式与in order和so as连用作目的状语。如：
In order to meet the deadline, I have been staying up late to write my essay for the last two weeks.
为了按时完成，过去两周我一直在熬夜写论文。
My dad keeps controlling his diet in order to/so as to control his blood sugar.
我爸爸一直控制他的饮食以控制血糖。
(2) 动词不定式在sorry、glad、surprised、eager、afraid、pleased、proud、disappointed、ashamed等表示情绪的形容词后作原因状语。如：
Dad was so disappointed to find that I cheated in the exam.
爸爸发现我在考试中作弊很失望。
Tom is sorry to break the vase.
汤姆为打碎花瓶感到抱歉。
5. The concept took off, and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate customers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last. (P12)
这种观念时兴起来，如今广州的餐厅用一千多种点心刺激着食客的食欲，一道比一道精致、
可口。
【课堂练习】
单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式)
1.Confucius identified the ________(观念)“ren” as the most important moral principle in life, which is still relevant in modern society.
【答案】concept
【句意】孔子认为“仁”这个观念是生活中最重要的道德准则，至今仍然与现代社会息息相关。
2.How to protect the ________(脆弱的)ecosystem was among the top concerns.
【答案】delicate
【句意】如何保护脆弱的生态系统是最重要的事情之一。
3.There were great pots of food ________(散发蒸汽)on the stove and dishes piled with fruit on the sideboard—pineapples, bananas and fruits she didn’t know the names of.
【答案】steaming
【句意】炉子上有一盆盆热气腾腾的食物，餐具柜堆满了一盘盘水果——菠萝、香蕉和她不知道名字的水果。
4.Weighing only 96 ________(克), the great all-round electronic dictionary is portable and easy to use.
【答案】grams
【句意】这本大而全面的电子词典仅重96克，便于携带和使用。
5.C________ the eggs with a little flour and heat the ________(混合物)________(温和地).
【答案】Combine, mixture, gently
【句意】把鸡蛋和少量面粉调匀,用文火加热。
6.On the ________(边)of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth giving off light in the dark.
【答案】edge
【句意】在夹克边上有一块布，它能在黑暗中发光。
7.Out comes a “soft-serve”________(奶油)________(甜点), to be eaten right away.
【答案】creamy dessert
【句意】出来的是一种“软的”奶油甜点，可以马上吃。
8.They ________(打赌)that they will win the game.
【答案】bet
【句意】他们打赌他们会赢得这场比赛。
9.For a _______(本土的)of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, served hot, _______(咸的)and _______(酸的).
【答案】native, salty, sour
【句意】对于一个土生土长的英国人来说，这可能是经典的炸鱼薯条，有辣的、咸的和酸的。
10.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ________(氛围)where his employees enjoy their work.
【答案】atmosphere
【句意】这家公司老总一直尝试营造一种轻松的氛围，雇员们可以享受他们的工作。
11.America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tao’s chicken, consisting of f________ chicken covered in a sweet sauce, ________(给……调味) with hot red peppers.
【答案】fried, flavoured
【句意】在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煽炒过的红辣椒制成。
12.Not only does physical activity e_______ physical functioning, thus reducing the risks of disease but it can also make us feel less moody, and feel happier, and even make us smarter.
【答案】enhance
【句意】体育活动不仅能增强身体机能，从而降低患病的风险，还能让我们不那么喜怒无常，更快乐，甚至让我们更聪明。
13.To collect the most accurate information, please download and install the latest ________(版本).
【答案】version
【句意】为了搜集最精确的信息，请下载并安装最新版本。
14.Most importantly, the ________(年纪较大的)are the first to taste the delicious food because they are well respected in China.
【答案】elderly
【句意】重要的是，老人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国老人受到尊重。
15.I always a________ the smell of ________(烘烤)with my childhood.
【答案】associate, baking
【句意】一闻到烘烤食物的味道，我就想起了我的童年。
16.If it is convenient for you, please help to buy some bread for me in the ________(面包房).
【答案】bakery
【句意】如果方便的话，请帮我在面包房买点面包。
17.The upper ________(层)is known as the litter.
【答案】layer
【句意】上面的一层被称为砂层。
18.While the two are only days apart in age they seem to belong to wholly different ________(一代).
【答案】generations
【句意】尽管这两人年龄上只相差几天，他们却好像是属于完全不同时代的人。
19.When I came back,all his ________(财产)had been ________(消耗)by the big fire.
【答案】property, consumed
【句意】当我回来的时候，他所有的财产都被大火烧毁了。
20.Marriage itself is just like a cup of water—clear, simple and p________. It can be comprised of the joys and sorrows of life.
【答案】plain
【句意】婚姻就像一杯水，清澈透明，朴实无华，可以包含人生中的酸甜苦辣。
21.He s________ his fingers by accident when cutting vegetables.
【答案】sliced
【句意】他切菜时不小心切着手指头了。
22.There is no doubt that this man is closely l________ to the theft.
【答案】linked
【句意】毫无疑问这个人与这起盗窃案有密切的联系。
23.They have always had a special b________ with their neighbours.
【答案】bond
【句意】他们一直以来都和邻居有一种特殊的联系。
24.The beauty of the s_________ I saw in the national park yesterday took my breath away.
【答案】scenery
【句意】昨日，我看到了国家公园景色的美，令我惊叹。
25.You can see vases belong to different d________ here.
【答案】dynasties
【句意】在这里，你可以看到属于不同朝代的花瓶。
【课堂总结】
1.It’s my way of relaxation to _______ my time _______ books at weekends.
【答案】take, over
【句意】我周末休闲的方式是悠然自得地读读书。
2.She paid for her own education by _______ her way _______ college.
【答案】working, through
【句意】她是靠自己工作挣钱念完大学的。
3.You can never lose heart no matter what difficulties you may come _______.
【答案】across
【句意】无论遇到什么困难你都不能丧失信心。
4.There is no point panicking or falling apart; instead you should _______ yourself up.
【答案】cheer
【句意】恐慌或崩溃毫无意义；相反，你应该振作起来。
5.Your practice of fluent and standard oral Chinese can do the _______, which is an essential part of practice.
【答案】trick
【句意】你对中文口语的流利和标准的练习能够奏效，这是练习的必要部分。
6.While working in Japan, she picked _______ Japanese.
【答案】up
【句意】在日本工作的时候，她学会了日语。
7.Whether or not we can start _______ tomorrow will depend on the weather.
【答案】off　
【句意】明日能否出发，须视天气而定。
8.Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year _______ and tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing!
【答案】round
【句意】如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，在南京，每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！
9.Given that Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it’s also the most popular sport _______ of this world.
【答案】out
【句意】考虑到阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球，我们甚至可以说足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动。
10.They suggested that the professor referred _______ just now be made chairman of the meeting.
【答案】to
【句意】他建议任命刚才提到的教授为会议主席。
11.The company is lagging behind in the field, crying _______ for fresh new talent.
【答案】out
【句意】这家公司在这一领域落后了，急需新的人才。
12.Not only did I get bored _______ hours of practice but also I doubted about the value of it.
【答案】with
【句意】我不仅厌倦了数小时的练习，而且怀疑它的价值。
13.She determined to work twice as hard as before to make _______ for her lost time.
【答案】up
【句意】她决心比以前加倍努力，以弥补失去的时间。
14.Those young girls _______ themselves into study when they were in university.
【答案】threw　
【句意】那些年轻的姑娘在大学里专心致志地学习。
15.The shop is too far, not to ________ the fact that it may have been closed by now anyway.
【答案】mention
【句意】商店太远了，更不用说它现在可能已经关门了。
16.Trainees go through a four-hour lesson before they are let _______ on the controls.
【答案】loose
【句意】受训人员要先上四个小时的课，然后再放松控制。
17.My mother is very good at cooking. Her dishes always _______ the spot.
【答案】hit
【句意】我妈妈厨艺很精湛，她做的菜可好吃了！
18.She took out the plate, stared blankly at the dried-up food on it, and _______ it into the bin.
【答案】tipped
【句意】她拿出盘子，茫然地盯着上面干瘪的食物，把它倒进了垃圾箱。
19.I could see a man, together _______ his partner, lying on the floor, _______ up with rope.
【答案】with, tied
【句意】我看见一个人和他的同伴躺在地板上，被绳子捆着。
20.The electric car company says sales will take _______ once supply increases.
【答案】off
【句意】这家电动汽车公司表示，一旦供应增加，销量就会飙升。
【课后作业】
一、语法填空
In Canada we have Chinese restaurants, most of ___56___ are very good. And when in China I had many chances ___57___(eat)in a lot of different restaurants. It has been long ___58___ I left China, but what I still miss is the Chinese cuisine.
My favourite street food there is Jianbing. It is made on a round pan where some liquid batter(面糊)is poured, which is thinly spread by a wooden tool like a knife. The batter ___59___(immediate)forms a circle about twenty centimeters across. An egg will be spread over ___60___(it)back with onion pieces and different ___61___(sort)of spicy ingredients, and then a thin crisp cake is placed on the top. With the cooked batter skin folded over the cake, ___62___ whole thing is folded in half.
Then I can take it anywhere to eat after it ___63___(wrapper)in a paper cover. Despite simple cooking ___64___(equip), it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural ___65___(combine)of Chinese Jianbing and a glass of milk with maple syrup.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国美食小吃——煎饼。
56.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese restaurants，先行词指物，关系词位于介词of之后作宾语，应用which，故填which。句意：在加拿大我们有中国餐馆，大多数都很好。
57.【答案】to eat
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子，空处作后置定语修饰名词chances，应用不定式形式作后置定语，故填to eat。句意：在中国的时候，我有很多机会在很多不同的餐馆吃饭。
58.【答案】since
【解析】考查固定句型。It has been+一段时间+since从句，表示“自从……以来多长时间了”，故填since。句意：自从我离开中国已经很久了，但是我仍然怀念的就是中国菜。
59.【答案】immediately
【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。空处修饰动词forms，应用副词形式作状语，immediately是副词，表示“立刻”，故填immediately。句意：面糊立即形成一个直径大约20厘米的圆形。
60.【答案】its
【解析】考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。句意：将一个鸡蛋平摊在它的背面，放上洋葱片和不同种类的辛辣配料，然后在上面放一个薄脆。结合语意，此处表示将一个鸡蛋平摊在面糊上所形成的圆形的背面，空处表示“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
61.【答案】sorts
【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。different是形容词，表示“不同的”，后可接可数名词的复数形式，故填sorts。句意：将一个鸡蛋平摊在它的背面，放上洋葱片和不同种类的辛辣配料，然后在上面放一个薄脆。
62.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：用熟了的面糊皮包裹住薄脆，整个东西对折。结合语意，此处特指做好了的整个煎饼，应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。
63.【答案】wrapped
【解析】考查词性转换(动词)及其时态和语态。句意：在它被包装纸包裹好之后，我可以带到任何地方去吃。after引导时间状语从句，句子描述一般性情况，应用一般现在时，wrap与主语it之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词应用is，故填is wrapped。
64.【答案】equipment
【解析】词性转换(名词)。空处作介词despite的宾语，应用名词形式，equipment是不可数名词，表示“设备”，故填equipment。句意：尽管只有简单的烹饪设备，但它总是美味可口，而且我对来自中国的食物感到舒适自在。
65.【答案】combination
【解析】词性转换(名词)。受形容词cross-cultural的修饰，故要用名词；另， a combination of表示“……的组合”句意：对我而言，没有什么比中国煎饼和一杯枫糖浆牛奶的跨文化组合更好的东西了。
二、阅读理解
第一篇
A quarter of the world’s population eat peppers every day, notes Joshua Tewksbury. He is a biologist who spent 10 years studying peppers.
Peppers do much more than burn people’s mouths. Scientists have discovered many uses for the thing. Called capsaicin(辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray. Some people use this weapon for self-defense. In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes(微生物)in the gut(肠道)to keep people healthier. Now how cool is that
Capsaicin triggers a rush of stress hormones. These will make the skin redden and sweat. It can also make someone feel energized. Some people enjoy this feeling. But there is another reason why peppers show up on dinner plates around the world. When food sits out in warm weather, microbes on the food start to multiply. If people eat food with too many of these germs, they risk getting very sick. The cold temperature inside a refrigerator stops most microbes from growing. That’s why most people today rely on refrigerators to keep their food fresh. But long ago, those appliances weren’t available. Peppers were. Their capsaicin and other chemicals, it turns out, can slow or stop microbial growth. Before refrigerators, people living in most hot parts of the world developed a taste for spicy foods.
Peppers also may help people lose weight. However, a person can’t simply eat hot, spicy food and expect to lose pounds. “It’s not a magic remedy,” warns Baskaran Thyagarajan. As a pharmacologist, he studies the effects of medicines. His team is now working to create a drug to make the body burn through fat more quickly than usual. A primary ingredient: Capsaicin. In a 2015 study, his group showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight. But a group of mice that ate only the high-fat diet became obese.
As scientists continue to uncover the secret powers of peppers, people will keep spicing up their soups, stews, stir-fries and other favorite dishes. Next time you see a pepper on a plate, take a deep breath, and then take a bite.
28.What can peppers be used to do according to Paragraph 2
A. Keep people’s mouths clean. B. Defend a country from invasion.
C. Make people feel less painful. D. Prevent people from getting sick.
29.Before refrigerators, how did people eat safer
A. Placing food in the open air. B. Only eating fresh food.
C. Storing food in other appliances. D. Adding peppers to food.
30.Which of the following can replace the underlined word in Paragraph 4
A. Healthy. B. Bad-tempered. C. Skinny. D. Overweight.
31.Which can be the suitable title for the text
A. The Cool Science of Hot Peppers B. A Great Way To Preserve Food
C. Magical Peppers To Lose Weight D. A Hot Trend of Enjoying Peppers
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者向读者介绍了人们爱吃辣椒不仅是因为喜欢它的味道, 还因为辣椒
中的辣椒素具有很多其他功能：白卫、缓解疼痛、减肥、使身体健康等。科学家们对辣椒的
研究仍在持续进行中。
28.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes(微生物)in the gut(肠道)to keep people healthier.(少量的辣椒素可以缓解疼痛，帮助减肥，并可能影响肠道中的微生物，使人们保持健康。)”可知，辣椒中的辣椒素可以缓解疼痛，故选C。
29.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三自然段“But long ago, those appliances weren’t available. Peppers were. Their capsaicin and other chemicals, it turns out, can slow or stop microbial growth.(但很久以前，没有冰箱这类家用电器，但是有辣椒。事实证明，它们中的辣椒素和其他化学物质可以减缓或阻止微生物的生长。)”可知，很久以前，没有冰箱这类家用电器，但是有辣椒。其中的辣椒素和其他化学物质证明可以减缓或阻止微生物的生长。因此，在食物中加入辣椒可以为食物保鲜，故选D。
30.【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据本段内容“His team is now working to create a drug to make the body burn through fat more quickly than usual. A primary ingredient: Capsaicin. In a 2015 study, his group showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight.(他的团队目前正在研制一种药物，使身体比平时更快地燃烧脂肪。主要成分：辣椒素。在2015年的一项研究中，他的团队表明，食用含有辣椒素的高脂肪饮食的小鼠不会增加额外的体重。)”可知，Baskaran Thyagarajan的团队现在正致力于研制一种药物，使人体比平常更快地燃烧脂肪，药物的主要成分为辣椒素。2015年的一项研究表明，食用含有辣椒素的、高脂肪饮食的老鼠不会额外增加体重。由划线词所在的句子中的but可知，另一组只吃高脂肪食物的老鼠情况相反，也就是说会增加体重，故选D。
31.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Scientists have discovered many uses for the thing. Called capsaicin(辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray. Some people use this weapon for self-defense. In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes(微生物)in the gut(肠道)to keep people healthier. Now how cool is that (科学家们发现了这种东西的许多用途。称为辣椒素(辣椒素), 它是胡椒喷雾的主要成分。有些人用这种武器自卫。少量的辣椒素可以缓解疼痛，帮助减肥，并可能影响肠道中的微生物，使人们保持健康。这有多酷？)”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们研究发现辣椒中的辣椒素具有很多有益的功能。随着科学研究的进一步发展，辣椒中所蕴含的更多科学将被揭示。因此，选择A项：辣椒中的酷科学，故选A。
第二篇
Every time you peel a banana and dispose of the skin, you’re throwing away a tasty, nutritious snack. A recent study has shown if banana peels are blanched(焯水), dried, and ground into flour, they can be turned into baked goods that taste just as nice, if not better than wheat-based products.
Unless you’re a devoted reader of vegan cooking blogs or a Nigella Lawson fan, you’ve probably never considered cooking with a banana peel. But not only is it perfectly safe, but scientists also demonstrated it really is good for you. When their experiment’s products were taste-tested, consumers reported they were just as happy with the flavors as they were with peel-free sugar cookies.
You’ll even get a generous helping of minerals and cancer-fighting nutrients. Enriched with banana peels, for instance, the sugar cookies made in the study contained much more fiber, magnesium, potassium, and antioxidant compounds.
On the downside, adding too much banana peel flour did result in cookies that were somewhat brown and hard, possibly from all the extra fiber. But when batches(批量)were made with flour containing 7.5 percent banana peel, the texture of the cookies hit a far more appealing balance.
While the study only looked at the consequences of adding banana peels to baked cookies, the results suggest using banana peel flour in breads, cakes, and pasta might also be worth considering.
Sure, banana peels are pretty useless when raw. But if they are prepared right, they can actually taste pretty good. They can possibly even extend the shelf life of some products as the peels have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
The same goes for other fruit peels, too, like mango skin, which was also found to boost a cake’s antioxidant properties and improve its flavor. So the next time you strip down a banana for the fruit inside, consider keeping the skin. Your belly might thank you later.
32.What do we know from the first paragraph
A. Banana peels can be eaten directly. B. People like eating banana peels.
C. Banana peels can be turned into a tasty snack. D. Banana-peel goods taste better than wheat-based products.
33.What caused cookies made by banana peel flour to be brown and hard
A. The nutrient compounds. B. The extra fiber.
C. The cooking methods. D. The sugar.
34.What function is expected of fruit peels
A. To earn profits for farmers. B. To save money for consumers.
C. To improve the flavor of the fruit. D. To extend the life of some products.
35.What’s the main idea of the text
A. Banana peels may change our life in many ways.
B. Eating raw banana peels can bring great advantages to us.
C. Cooking blogs teach us to make food using banana peels.
D. Something cool happens using banana peels as an ingredient.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究发现香蕉皮可以制成美味的点心。
32.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“A recent study has shown if banana peels are blanched(焯水), dried, and ground into flour, they can be turned into baked goods that taste just as nice, if not better than wheat-based products.(最近的一项研究表明，如果把香蕉皮焯水，干燥，磨成粉，它们可以变成烘焙食品，即使不比小麦产品更好，味道也一样好)”可知，香蕉皮可以做成美味的点心，故选C。
33.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“On the downside, adding too much banana peel flour did result in cookies that were somewhat brown and hard, possibly from all the extra fiber.(不利的一面是，加入太多香蕉皮粉确实会导致饼干有点棕色和硬，可能是由于所有额外的纤维)”可知，额外的纤维会导致香蕉皮粉制成的饼干变成棕色并且变硬，故选B。
34.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“They can possibly even extend the shelf life of some products as the peels have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.(它们甚至可以延长某些产品的保质期，因为果皮具有抗氧化和抗菌特性)”可知，水果皮可以延长某些产品的保质期，故选D。
35.【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Every time you peel a banana and dispose of the skin, you’re throwing away a tasty, nutritious snack.(每次你剥香蕉皮，扔掉香蕉皮，你就扔掉了一份美味又营养的点心)”可知，本文主要讲述一项研究表明，香蕉皮可以制成美味的点心。由此可知，D项“用香蕉皮做原料会发生一些很酷的事情”能够总结文章大意，故选D。
Unit1
一、根据首字母填写单词
1．I think it’s time to a________ a different method to teach the children. （根据首字母单词拼写）
2．It is difficult to m________ the audience’s interest all through the lecture. （根据首字母单词拼写）
3．It’s difficult for me to c________ on my studies for the noises around are so loud. I’m doing all I can to stay focused. (to give all the attention to something and not think about anything else) （根据英文提示单词拼写）
4．It is Jack, rather than I, that is to b________ for the accident. (根据首字母单词拼写)
5．Most authorities agree that play is an e________ part of a child’s development. （根据首字母单词拼写）
6．It i________ me greatly that she should even speak five languages fluently. (根据首字母单词拼写)
二、根据中英文提示填写单词
7．Now that the problem has been identified, a________ (恰当的；合适的) action can be taken. (根据中英文提示填空)
8．To g_________(产生) creative ideas, it is important to start from an unusual place. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
9．The arrival of m_________(多种多样的)vaccines means there is light at the end of the tunnel. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
10．Technological i________ (革新), combined with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. (根据中英文提示填空)
11．The West Lake is famous for its s________(风景). （根据中英文提示填空）
12．This experience created a very special b________ (联系, 纽带) between humans and animals. （根据中英文提示填空）
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China successfully exploded its first atomic bomb on Oct. 16, 1964, ____13____(shock) the rest of the world. It ____14____ (follow) by the successful explosion of a hydrogen (氢)bomb in 1967. Later, a satellite with a recording of the tune of Dongfanghong declared to the world that China ____15____ (master) the satellite technology.
" It was the bombs and the satellite ____16____enabled China to take the lead in global ____17____ (science) and technological development and improve the strength of the country's national defense, " commented Xinhua news agency.
Many people made ____18____ (contribute) to these world-shaking events. Yu Min, a famous nuclear physicist who passed away in January at the age of 93, was one of them.
Yu was one of the leading scientists who were able to overcome difficulties in the design of the hydrogen bomb. ____19____ (know) as "the father of China's hydrogen bomb", he was presented ____20____ the Highest Science and Technology Award by President Xi Jinping in 2015. It is the nation's ____21____ (high) scientific honour.
However, Yu said the achievement belonged to the whole team.
"A man's name will disappear in time, but _____22_____will satisfy him is that he can contribute slightly to the nation's prosperity(繁荣)," said Yu, according to China Daily.
四、根据汉语意思填写单词
23．________ (娇弱的) plants need to be kept in a greenhouse during the winter. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
24．“But it isn’t perfume,” I said. “It’s hair gel.”Then I added with a smile,“It’s a strange ______ (混合物) I make myself.” （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
25．It is very difficult to ______(融入) yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
26．Money is not ______________ (完全必要的；必不可少的) to happiness. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
27．Is now an ________ (合适的) time to make a speech （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
28．What_________（使印象深刻）the foreign visitors most was that even the Chinese people in ancient times were creative.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
29．He belongs to a trade ____________(协会). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
30．These toys are not ________(适合) for children under five. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
参考答案：
1．adopt
2．Maintain
3．concentrate
4．blame
5．essential
6．impressed
7．appropriate
8．generate
9．multiple
10．innovation
11．scenery
12．bond
13．shocking
14．was followed
15．had mastered
16．that
17．scientific
18．contributions
19．Known
20．with
21．highest
22．what
23．Delicate
24．mixture
25．integrate
26．essential
27．appropriate
28．impressed
29．association
30．appropriate