2024届高考英语专项训练：熟词生义（提高版 基础版）（无答案）

专项训练：熟词生义（提高版+基础版）
（基础版）
We didn't plan our art exhibition like that but it_____ very well．
A. worked out B. tried out C. went on D. carried on
Encourage your children to try new things. But try not to_______them too hard.
draw B. strike C. rush D. push
3. If you leave the club, you will not be _______back in.
A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved
4. ----Do you have enough to _______all your daily expenses
----Oh ,yes, enough and to spare.
A.cover B. spend C. fill D. offer
5. Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A.spot B. dismiss C. shelter D. distinguish
The fact that she never apologized________a lot about what kind of person she is.
A.says B. talks C. appears D. declares
Though having lived abroad for years , many Chinese still ________the traditional customs.
A. perform B. possess C. observe D. support
8. The professor could tell by the _____ look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture.
A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh
9. A worldwide ________ to healthier diets is one of many actions that need to be taken to avoid dangerous climate change.
A. shift B. admission C. witness D. response
10. When we seek to discover the best in others, we somehow ________ the best in ourselves.
A. bring out B. take out C. put on D. turn on
11. ---- The Sandy Hook shooting has pushed the US to think about gun control in the country.
---- Yes. The government needs to ______ people’s concerns in a positive manner.
A.address B. discriminate C. compensate D. clarify
12. The local people continued to _____ the better management of the limited water resources in the area.
A. answer for B. push for C. account for D. cater for
13. After the 8.0-magnitude earthquake, a lot of people lost ______ with their relatives.
A. content B. context C. contact D. contest
14. When asked why they use pirated CDs and computer software, many people said that the ______ version cost too much.
A. artificial B. authentic C. adequate D. available
15. If you want to be a good doctor, you have to constantly update your knowledge to maintain your professional ______.
A. competence B. determination C. conscience D. ambition
16. If you ______ the word “significant” for “important” in the writing, I think it will be better.
A. sponsor B. suspect C. subscribe D. substitute
17. --- Grandpa, please continue that story you were telling yesterday
--- OK, Vivian, but where did I ______
A. leave off B. go off C. lay off D. take off
18. She wanted to ask if he had news of Williams, but words ______ in her throat.
A. burst B. stuck C. broke D. settled
19. --- What do you think of the story in today’s newspaper
--- We shouldn’t ______ the trouble of helping others only because what we do may invite trouble.
A.knock off B. take off C. keep off D. break off
20. As expected, the boy who shows great ______ in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport university for his talent.
A. requirement B. respect C. addiction D. promise
21. Most restaurants and cafes have ______ small no-smoking areas but won’t enforce the law.
A. set aside B. set out C. set down D. set off
22. It seems impossible for the two neighboring countries to arrive at a ______ on the conflict in the near future.
A. comprehension B. compromise C. combination D. competence
23. Time can never ______ from us Chinese the sadness and heartache caused by World War II.
A. turn away B. give away C. wipe away D. put away
24. --- I hear your new head is a little arbitrary in making decisions.
--- ______, he often listens to our suggestions!
A. In addition B. As a result C. In others words D. On the contrary
25. These discs hold more than 400 times as much information as a ______ computer disk.
A. conventional B. consistent C. conservative D. continuous
26. I guess I could lend you the car ______ you fill up the tank.
A. if only B. on condition C. provide that D. so long as
27. The police have reached some ______ conclusions about the possible cause of the accident. The exact cause is still under investigation.
A. authentic B. precise C. confidential D. tentative
28. As a popular programme, The Voice of China succeeded in developing people’s ______ of the different music styles rather than the singers’ appearance.
A. commitment B. appreciation C. criticism D. cooperation
29. --- The company has been performing poorly over the past year.
--- In my view, it needs to ______ its image.
A. hold up B. take up C. step up D. polish up
30. Jack Smith was appointed as chair of Student Union of the university, as he was judged without ______ against race, sex and color.
A. recognition B. discrimination C. confusion D. concentration
（提高版）
单选
1. The coach of the football team _______to resign to take responsibility for the failure, but it was rejected.
A. offered B. managed C. needed D. afforded
2. The suspect was released, as the evidence was _______and, to some extent, ambiguous.
A. clear B. thin C. hard D. negative
3. —Can you put me _______about the World Cup Football Match
—Sorry. I myself know nothing about it.
A. in the air B. on the move C.in the picture D .on the post
4. The selfie has inspired risk-taking behavior,_______ the boundaries of safety, whether by hanging from a skyscraper or posing with live explosives.
A. pushed B. to push C. pushing D. having pushed
5.As more and more companies extend their global _______, it is easy to understand why new opportunities birth in various locations.
A. concern B. appeal C. reach D. consensus
6.Through the use of blogs, shy students who rarely ______ during class discussions are given a voice.
A. advance B. focus C. compromise D. contribute
7.The agency will make travel arrangements for you._______ , you can organize your own transport.
A.Similarly B.Furthermore C. Instead D.Alternatively
8. We watched the harbour and then the coastline______into the morning mist.
A. turn away B. fade away C. wear away D. break away
9. The banker finds it difficult _______just as an ordinary human being at home.
A.to treat B.to be treated C. to have treated D.to have been treated
10.They say at the end of your life, you regret the stuff you didn't do more than the stuff that you ______.
A. do B.did C. had done D. would do
11.--- Hey, can you lend me some money, buddy I am hard up these days.
--- ____. The funds I bought came down again yesterday and I don’t have a bean now.
Forget it B. No worry C.No problem D. Forgive me
12. Thomas made _____ his concerns about the changes that had been introduced at work.
A. plain B. perfect C. easy D. ambiguous
13. Over the last four decades, the Chinese people have _______ enhanced productivity through hard work with a firm spirit.
A. roughly B. merely C significantly D. equally
14. ----Can you give me some advice on how to deal with that tough customer
---- I ______ to her instead of trying to explain over the phone if in your shoes.
A. will write B. would write C. were to write D. would have written
15. My printer is five years old, so I’d like to ________ it and purchase a new one online.
A. delete B. retire C. refresh D. declare
16. ----You should have heard Tom yesterday
---- Sure. He’s charged with taking the car without the owner’s _______.
A. enquiry B. privilege C. command D. consent
17. Sometimes it’s hard to accept the truth _________ the lie sounds so much better.
A. because B. unless C. though D. until
18. Held inside for too long, regret ______affect the immune system
A. must B. can C. should D. shall
ing-of-age is a ceremony _______young people wear traditional costumes to mark the transition from youth to adulthood.
A. that B. what C as D. where
20. We come from different cultures, and carry with_______ different histories.
A. it B. that C. us D. them
21. In terms of the urban effects of the technology, our cities are _______ for self-driving cars.
A. nowhere near ready B. near nowhere ready
C. anywhere near ready D. near anywhere ready
22. I sent in my application three weeks ago and they’re probably not going to call me back. I’m still ______ hope, though.
A. holding out B. working out C. figuring out D. setting out
23. Many graduates aren’t prepared for what the future has _______ when they come out of school.
A. in demand B. at ease C. at length D. in store
24. _______ to finding ways to make music accessible to all children is Ms. Thompson with a touring company of professional musicians.
A. Devoting B. Devoted C. Being devoted D. Having been devoted
25. By December 2017, the number of Chinese netizens reached 772 million, ______ 753 million surf the Internet via mobile phones.
A. which B. whose C. of which D. for whom
26. Many of life’s failures are experienced by people who did not realize how close they were to success _______ they gave up.
A. once B. while C. when D. unless
27. Never throughout history has a man who _______ a life of ease left a name worth remembering.
A. lives B. lived C. would live D. had lived
28. If we worked on the assumption _______ what is accepted as true really is true, then there would be little hope for advance.
A. where B. if C. whether D. that
29. It had been many years since my last visit, but I found the house by _____.
A. losing my head B. catching my eye
C. biting my tongue D. following my nose
30. –Wall Street English just launched a new WeChat learning platform and we can take free classes!
---______! Let me have a look!
A. You don’t say B. You have got it
C. You have me there D. You can say that again.
第二节：完形填空
Stephen Hawking dies at 76 on the day coinciding with the birthday of another legend of science, Albert Einstein.
His 1 are in a state of deep shock and have tweeted that the death of the greatest scientist is 2 for they believed the man to be immortal. There’s one thing that’s certain and it’s death, 3 how and when it comes is something that can’t be in one’s hands. Or can it be Looking at how Hawking survived over half a century of being 4 the death sentence, the scales are tipping toward a yes.
And he indeed just didn’t 5 it; he succeeded. “However difficult life may seem, there is always something you can do and 6 at”, he said. During the course of his rare disease, his 7 to the field of physics stands out miraculously.
Now, what made the man a genius of mind Was it his willpower or his 8 misfortune that strengthened his mind He was 9 with a crippling disease at the age of 21, which progressively disables the individual In the 10 of his genius, however, fortune 11 him since then. His scientific work got 12 and better. The man, whose body was so fragile and seemed to 13 his genius, never gave up.
Some experts say perhaps Hawking was 14 diagnosed and this is the reason of his surviving over half a century. Also, doctors say the disease spread 15 than it does in most of the patients, giving him more time. Hawking himself said, “I have been lucky that my condition has 16 more slowly. But it shows that one need not lose 17 .”
Hawking seemed unaffected by the drawbacks life 18 at him. He calls all his accomplishments that followed his disease a 19 . He indeed is a unique example of two mind powers 20 ----an astonishing willpower and a strong sense of determination. These two helped him fight against all odds.
1. A. ancestors B. doctors C. opponents D. followers
2.A. unavoidable B. unreasonable C. unbelievable D. unpredictable
3.A. or B. but C. so D. for
4. A. handed over B. turned over C. taken over D. run over
5. A. share B. control C. change D. survive
6. A. succeed B. wonder C. point D. laugh
7. A. explanation B. distribution C. contribution D. attention
8. A. mental B. emotional C. financial D. physical
9. A. infected B. occupied C. diagnosed D. concerned
10. A. respect B. event C. face D. name
11. A. tricked B. favored C. rejected D. abandoned
12.A. thicker B. tougher C. simpler D. lighter
13. A. corrupt B. fail C. spot D. strike
14.A. precisely B. entirely C. luckily D. wrongly
15. A. easier B. harder C. slower D. quicker
16.A. evolved B. progressed C. recovered D. improved
17. A. fate B. hope C. health D. fortune
18.A. screamed B. barked C. threw D. shot
19.A. bonus B. deposit C. reward D. gain
20.A. multiplied B. combined C. exploited D. separated
第三节：阅读理解
A
The world’s most complex biological computer, made from a group of engineered cells, could one day be implanted into the body to detect diseases and deliver treatments.
In an early research in 2012, Martin Fussenegger at ETH Zurish in Switzerland and his colleagues engineered two kidney cells to become a biological circuit capable of simple mathematics. One of the cells was able to calculate addition: the presence or absence of each of two chemicals would switch on a reaction inside the cell that would make it shine different colors. The other cell worked in the same way but could substract amounts. This kind of biological circuit resembles a simple logic circuit in a computer. In theory, it could be used to indicate the presence of an infectious substance while in fact it failed.
Most biological reactions in the body aren’t that simple, though. They rarely rely on “one input and one output”----instead, multiple inputs lead to different outputs. For instance, a high level of calcium in the body in the presence of a specific hormone may suggest one disease, but a high level of calcium along with another hormone might indicate a completely different condition.
To be more practical, biological computers need to be able to perform more complex mathematics. However, it is hard to pack multiple calculations into a single cell. To get around this, Fussenegger and his team have engineered a multi-cellular system, in which different cells each perform a separate calculation and pass on the results to each other.
The system has nine cells, each containing a biochemical reaction that responds to three chemical inputs----similar to an AND, NOT and OR system in a traditional electronic circuit. These cells coordinate their activities by releasing chemicals that pass from one cell to the other. Together, they form a fully biological circuit that can respond to multiple inputs.
“Although it is not at a stage yet where we can test on animals, we believe it is the most complex biological computer ever assembled,” says Fussenegger. “This work addresses one of the major limitations in synthetic biology (合成生物学)---a lack of programmable devices,” says Angel Goni-Moreno, a synthetic biologist at Newcastle University, UK. He says that Fussenegger’s multi-cellular approach enables you to programme the circuit and achieve different calculations just by connecting the nine cells in different configurations(设置).
In the future, a biological computer like this could be used to monitor more complex medical conditions. For example, it could respond to a rise in calcium, a drop in a hormone and an increase in a bio-marker, which together would signal the presence of a specific type of cancer, help diagnose it and alert the user to seek appropriate treatment.
1. The underlined word “substract” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. add up B. take away C. split up D. give away
2. What was the progress made in Fusseneger’s early research
A. A biological circuit was implanted in one of kidney cells.
B. The indication of infectious substances became a reality.
C. Engineered kidney cells could switch on biological reactions.
D. Certain cells were made capable of performing mathematics
3. What has made Fussenegger’s current multi-cellular system so special
A. It has all the functions of a traditional electronic circuit
B. It is programmable and able to perform different mathematics.
C. It has successfully packed multiple calculations into a single cell.
D. It has been tested through a series of experiments on animals.
4. What is the best title for the passage
A. Smart cells indicating various cancers
B. Electronic circuit made from multi-cells
C. Programmable cells implanted in human bodies
D. Biological computer made from human cells
B
According to Guglielmo Cavallo and Roger Chartier, reading aloud was a common practice in the ancient world, the Middle Ages, and as late as the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Readers were “listeners attentive to a reading voice,” and “the text addressed to the ear as much as to the eye.” The significance of reading aloud continued well into the nineteenth century.
Using Charles Dickens’s nineteenth century as a point of departure, it would be useful to look at the familial and social uses of reading aloud and reflect on the functional change of the practice. Dickens habitually read his work to a domestic audience or friends. In his later years he also read to a broader public crowd. Chapters of reading aloud also abound in Dickens’ own literary works. More importantly, he took into consideration the Victorian practice when composing his prose, so much so that his writing is meant to be heard, not only read on the page.
Performing a literary text orally in a Victorian family is well documented. Apart from promoting a pleasant family relationship, reading aloud was also a means of protecting young people from the danger of solitary（孤独的） reading. Reading aloud was a tool for parental guidance. By means of reading aloud, parents could also introduced literature to their children, and as such the practice combined leisure and more serious purposes such as religious cultivation in the youths. Within the family, it was commonplace for the father to read aloud. Dickens read to his children: one of his surviving and often-reprinted photographs features him posing on a chair, reading to his two daughters.
Reading aloud in the nineteenth century was as much a class phenomenon as a family affair, which points to a widespread belief that Victorian readership primarily meant a middle-class readership. Those who fell outside this group tended to be overlooked by Victorian publishers. Despite this, Dickens, with his publishers Chapman and Hall, managed to distribute literary reading materials to people from different social classes by reducing the price of novels. This was also made possible with the technological and mechanical advances in printing and the spread of railway networks at the time.
Since the literacy level of this section of the population was still low before school attendance was made compulsory in 1870 by the Education Act, a considerable number of people from lower classes would listen to recitals of texts. Dickens’s readers, who were from such social backgrounds, might have heard Dickens in this manner. Several biographers of Dickens also draw attention to the fact that it was typical for his texts to be read aloud in Victorian England, and thus illiteracy was not an obstacle for reading Dickens. Reading was no longer a chiefly closeted form of entertainment practiced by the middle class at home.
A working-class home was in many ways not convenient for reading: there were too many distractions, the lighting was bad, and the home was also often half a workhouse. As a result, the Victorians from the non-middle classes tended to find relaxation outside the home such as in parks and squares, which were ideal places for the public to go while away their limited leisure time. Reading aloud, in particular public reading, to some extent blurred the distinctions between classes. The Victorian middle class defined its identity through differences with other classes. Dickens’s popularity among readers from the non-middle classes contributed to the creation of a new class of readers who read through listening.
Different readers of Dickens were not reading solitarily and “jealously”, to use Walter Benjamin’s term. Instead, they often enjoyed a more communal experience, an experience that is generally lacking in today’s world. Modern audio-books can be considered a contemporary version of the practice. However, while the twentieth-and twentieth-first-century trend for individuals to listen to audio-books keeps some characteristics of traditional reading aloud---such as “listeners attentive to a reading voice” and the ear being the focus---it is a far more solitary activity.
5. What does the author want to convey in Paragraph 1
A. The history of reading aloud.
B. The significance of reading aloud.
C. The development of reading practice.
D. The roles of readers in reading practice.
6. How did the practice of reading aloud influence Dickens’s works
A. He started to write for a broader public crowd.
B. He included more readable contents in his novels.
C. Scenes of reading aloud became common in his works
D. His works were intended to be both heard and read.
7. How many benefits did reading aloud bring to a Victorian family
A.2 B. 3 C. 4 D.5
8.Where could a London steel worker possibly have gone to for reading
A. Working place. B. His/Her own house C.Nearby bookstores D. Trafalgar Square
9. What change did reading aloud bring to Victorian society
A. Different classes started to appreciate and read literary works together.
B. People from lower social classes became accepted as middle-class.
C. The differences between classes grew less significant than before.
D. A non-class society in which everyone could read started to form.
10. What is likely to be discussed after the last paragraph
A. New reading trends for individuals.
B. The harm of modern audio-books.
C. The material for modern reading
D. Reading aloud in contemporary societies.