Unit 5 Poems Learning About Language (2) Structures 课件（21张PPT）

(共21张PPT)
Learning About Language（2）: Structures
（选择性必修三Unit5 Poems）
Review useful structures
CONTENTS
01
02
03
The definition of relative clauses
The use of relative pronouns and adverbs
The practice of relative clauses
What is a relative clause
定语从句：修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语的从句。
先行词
定语从句
关系词
定语从句三要素：
先行词
关系词
关系词在从句中做某种成分
There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
The definition of relative clauses
定义 用作定语的从句 类型 限制性 定语从句 描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意义不完整或失去意义。
非限制性 定语从句 对主句所描述的人或物提供附加情况，起补充说明作用；如省去，主句意义仍完整。
关系词 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as
关系副词 when, where, why
The use of relative clauses
关系代词 例句
that在从句中作主语或宾语 指物 This is a book that interests a large number of people.(作主语）
Is there anything (that)I can do for you (作宾语）
指人 He that would eat the fruit must climb the tree.(作主语）
He is a man(that)you can safely trust.(作宾语）
which在从句中作主语或宾语 指物 The bus which has just left was the last one today？(作主语）
The fish(which)I bought this morning were not fresh.(作宾语）
who，whom在从句中分别作主语或宾语 指人 The expert who visited our class yesterday is from Canada.(作主语）
The one (who/whom) we are talking about is a scientist.(作宾语）
Whose在从句中作定语 指人 She is the girl whose brother is studying abroad.(作定语）
指物 He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten.（作定语）
The use of relative pronouns
The use of relative adverbs
关系副词 例句
when在从句中作 时间状语 Do you remember the day when (=on which) we first met
where在从句中作地点状语 This is the place where (=in/at which) we first met.
Why在从句中作 原因状语 That’s the reason why (=for which) he missed his bus.
“关系副词when, where和why”在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，可以用相应介词+ which的来替换。
定语从句中一般不用which作关系代词的几种情况
关系代词 that在从句中作主语或宾语 指物
指人
which在从句中作主语或宾语 指物
1. 当先行词为all、little、much、few 、every 、everything 、any 、anything 、no 、none等不定代词或由它们修饰时，关系代词多用that而不用which。
e.g. Is there anything (that) I can do for you
All (that) I want is your advice.
There is nothing that can be done.
定语从句中一般不用which作关系代词的几种情况
2. 先行词前有序数词修饰时，关系词通常用that不用which。
e.g. The first thing (that) we need to do is to work out a plan.
3. 先行词前有形容词或最高级修饰时，关系词通常用that不用which。
e.g. That was the best film (that) I have ever seen.
4. 先行词前有the very、the only、the same、the right等修饰时，关系词通常用that不用which。
e.g. There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel (that) we could use was animal fat.
定语从句中一般不用which作关系代词的几种情况
5. 当主句是以which、who、what开头的特殊问句时，引导定语从句的关系代词一般用that，而不用which。
e.g. What is the main environmental issue (that) you want to address
Which of those books that are on the desk belongs to you
定语从句中一般不用which作关系代词的几种情况
关系代词 that在从句中作主语或宾语 指物
指人
which在从句中作主语或宾语 指物
定语从句中一般只用which作关系代词的几种情况
1. 在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系代词which，不用that。
e.g. He is honest ,which we can see.
2. 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能使用关系代词which，不能使用that。
e.g. Eric received training to computer for one year, after which he found a job in a big company.
定语从句中一般只用which作关系代词的几种情况
Review useful structues
1.Connect the sentence using relative pronouns
or adverbs. Then put sentences in the correct
order to compose a passage.
2.Read the introduction about the Brownings.
Help the author edit the passage to make it more
concise, using relative clauses if necessary.
1. The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of children’s poems. It is known to people in China.
The Crescent Moon is perhaps the most famous collection of children’s poems that is known to people in China.
2. There are also many poems written from a child’s perspective.
In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children’s feelings.
There are also many poems written from a child’s perspective
in which the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children’s feelings.
1.Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.
( )
3. The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems.
The focus of the poems is on the parent-child relationship.
The English version of the book contains nearly 50 poems, the focus of which is on the parent-child relationship.
4. The initial poems were written from the perspective of a mother.
The mother loves her baby at play and at rest, in laughter and in tears.
The initial poems were written from the perspective of a mother who loves her baby at play and at rest, in laughter and in tears.
1.Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.
1.Connect the sentences using relative pronouns or adverbs.
5. Many people love to read this collection of poems. The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
The reason why many people love to read this collection of poems is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
6. It was written by the Indian poet Tagore. Tagore was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
It was written by the Indian poet Tagore who was the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
1.Put the sentences in the correct order to
compose a passage.
The correct order to compose a passage:
_________________________________
1 5 3 4 6 2
If you study the history of English literature, you will find the names of Robert and Elizabeth Barrett Browning. They were one of the most romantic literary couples of the Victorian era. Elizabeth Barrett started to write poetry from about the age of six.
, who
2.Read the introduction about the Brownings. Help the author edit the passage to make it more concise, using relative clauses if necessary.
In 1844, Elizabeth’s Poems brought her great success and also attracted the admiration of poet Robert Browning. Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence. The couple exchanged many letters. These letters obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two. Elizabeth had been ill for many years. She stayed at home and almost never saw visitors. Browning was sure about his love, so he found a way to visit her, and immediately convinced her to become his bride.
, which
Read the introduction about the Brownings. Help the author edit the passage to make it more concise, using relative clauses if necessary.
However, their subsequent marriage was carried out in secret. It was because her father was dominant and selfish man .He would refuse to let his daughter go. The couple moved to Italy in 1846. Elizabeth lived there for the rest of her life. Browning had a great influence on Elizabeth’s writing. The best evidence that can be found is Sonnets from the Portuguese .The sonnets were written during the time when she was in love with Robert Browning.
where Elizabeth lived for
,
who
that
Read the introduction about the Brownings. Help the author edit the passage to make it more concise, using relative clauses if necessary.
Review the rules of using relative clauses;
Finish the exercises in the working sheet.
Assignment