初中英语句子学习系列-三种基本句型含练习和答案

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
三种英语基本句型
在英语中，有三种基本的句型结构，它们分别是：be动词句型、there be句型和实义动词句型。下面我将详细解释这三种句型，并给出涉及一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的例句，每个例句后都会附上中文翻译。三种基本句型掌握后，涉及到常用8种时态，被动语态，非谓语以及各种从句以及长难句都会起到“水到渠成”的作用。
一、be动词句型
be动词句型的基本结构是“主语+be动词+表语”。be动词有三种形式：am、is、are，它们分别用于第一人称单数（I）、第三人称单数（he/she/it）和其他情况（you/we/they）。
1. 一般现在时
肯定句：I am a student.（我是一名学生。）
否定句：She is not happy.（她不开心。）
疑问句：Are they your friends （他们是你的朋友吗？）
2. 一般过去时
肯定句：He was a teacher.（他以前是一名教师。）
否定句：We were not at home.（我们不在家。）
疑问句：Were you busy yesterday （你昨天忙吗？）
3. 一般将来时
肯定句：It will be sunny tomorrow.（明天将会是晴天。）
否定句：They will not come here.（他们不会来这里。）
疑问句：Will she go shopping this afternoon （她今天下午会去购物吗？）
二、there be句型
there be句型表示“存在”或“有”的概念，其基本结构是“There be+主语+地点状语”。
1. 一般现在时
肯定句：There is a book on the desk.（书桌上有一本书。）
否定句：There are not any flowers in the garden.（花园里没有花。）
疑问句：Is there a pen in your bag （你包里有笔吗？）
2. 一般过去时
肯定句：There was a car accident last night.（昨晚发生了一起车祸。）
否定句：There were not many people at the party.（派对上没有很多人。）
疑问句：Were there any problems with the project （项目有什么问题吗？）
3. 一般将来时
肯定句：There will be a concert next week.（下周将有一场音乐会。）
否定句：There won't be any free tickets left.（不会有剩余的免费票了。）
疑问句：Will there be enough food for everyone （会有足够的食物供每个人享用吗？）
三、实义动词句型
实义动词句型通常包含主语、实义动词和其他成分，表示具体的动作或状态。
1. 一般现在时
肯定句：She reads books every day.（她每天都读书。）
否定句：I don't like coffee.（我不喜欢咖啡。）
疑问句：Do they play tennis on weekends （他们周末打网球吗？）
2. 一般过去时
肯定句：He watched a movie last night.（他昨晚看了一部电影。）
否定句：We didn't go to the beach.（我们没有去海滩。）
疑问句：Did she finish her homework （她完成作业了吗？）
3. 一般将来时
肯定句：They will travel to Europe next summer.（他们明年夏天将去欧洲旅行。）
否定句：I won't stay up late tonight.（我今晚不会熬夜。）
疑问句：Will you participate in the race （你会参加比赛吗？）
通过以上的讲解和例句，我们可以看到，每种句型都有其特定的结构和用法，并且在不同的时态中，句型的表达也会有所变化。理解并掌握这些句型，对于提高英语表达能力至关重要。
三种句型习题专项练习
以下是根据上述三种句型（be动词句型、there be句型和实义动词句型）所出的30个习题，每个句型各10题，包括填空、选择和改错等题型：
be动词句型习题
(1)填空：I _____ (be) a doctor.
(2)填空：They _____ (not be) happy yesterday.
(3)选择：_____ she (be) your sister A. Is B. Are C. Am
(4)填空：We _____ (be) students last year.
(5)改错：He is not at home yesterday. (改为正确的时态)
(6)填空：It _____ (be) sunny tomorrow, according to the forecast.
(7)选择：Will you _____ (be) free this evening A. be B. is C. are
(8)填空：She _____ (not be) going to the party tonight.
(9)改错：I am a teacher last year. (改为正确的时态)
(10)填空：_____ (be) there any milk in the fridge
there be句型习题
(11)填空：There _____ (be) a pen on the table.
(12)填空：There _____ (not be) any water in the glass.
(13)选择：_____ there a book on the shelf A. Is B. Are C. Be
(14)填空：There _____ (be) three apples and a banana in the fruit bowl.
(15)改错：There are a cat under the table. (改正错误)
(16)填空：There _____ (be) a meeting tomorrow morning.
(17)选择：Will there _____ (be) enough time for a break A. be B. is C. are
(18)填空：There _____ (not be) any classes on Sunday.
(19)改错：There was two cups of coffee on the table. (改为正确的形式)
(20)填空：_____ there any students in the classroom (be)
实义动词句型习题
(21)填空：She _____ (read) books every day.
(22)填空：They _____ (not play) football on Mondays.
(23)选择：Do you _____ (speak) French A. speak B. speaks C. spoke
(24)填空：I _____ (write) a letter last night.
(25)改错：He don't eat breakfast this morning. (改正错误)
(26)填空：We _____ (visit) our grandparents next week.
(27)选择：Will she _____ (go) shopping this afternoon A. go B. goes C. went
(28)填空：They _____ (not watch) TV tonight.
(29)改错：I went to the park yesterday. (用一般现在时改写)
(30)填空：What _____ (do) your brother usually do on weekends
请注意，这些习题是为了练习和理解上述三种句型的基本结构和时态变化，答案应基于标准的英语语法规则。
30个习题的答案：
be动词句型习题答案
1)填空：I am (be) a doctor.
2)填空：They weren't (not be) happy yesterday.
3)选择：A. Is she (be) your sister
4)填空：We were (be) students last year.
5)改错：He wasn't at home yesterday. (改为正确的时态)
6)填空：It will be (be) sunny tomorrow, according to the forecast.
7)选择：Will you be (be) free this evening
8)填空：She isn't (not be) going to the party tonight.
9)改错：I was a teacher last year. (改为正确的时态)
10)填空：Is (be) there any milk in the fridge
there be句型习题答案
11)填空：There is (be) a pen on the table.
12)填空：There isn't (not be) any water in the glass.
13)选择：A. Is there a book on the shelf
14)填空：There are (be) three apples and a banana in the fruit bowl.
15)改错：There is a cat under the table. (改正错误)
16)填空：There will be (be) a meeting tomorrow morning.
17)选择：Will there be (be) enough time for a break
18)填空：There aren't (not be) any classes on Sunday.
19)改错：There were two cups of coffee on the table. (改为正确的形式)
20)填空：Is there any students in the classroom (be)
实义动词句型习题答案
21)填空：She reads (read) books every day.
22)填空：They don't play (not play) football on Mondays.
23)选择：A. Do you speak (speak) French
24)填空：I wrote (write) a letter last night.
25)改错：He doesn't eat breakfast this morning. (改正错误)
26)填空：We will visit (visit) our grandparents next week.
27)选择：Will she go (go) shopping this afternoon
28)填空：They won't watch (not watch) TV tonight.
29)改错：I go to the park yesterday. (用一般现在时改写)
30)填空：What does (do) your brother usually do on weekends
上述内容是给小学高阶或初中基础同学们总结性讲解的内容，一定程度上需要英语老师做到“领进门”得点拨才能让学习者思路更清晰，更好的掌握英语这门语言。
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