2024届江苏部分市高三下学期二模英语试题汇编：阅读理解（含解析）

2024届江苏部分市下学期高三二模英语试题汇编
阅读理解
2024届江苏省连云港市高三下学期二模英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ayung River Rafting
About the trip
Explore Ayung River Rafting, the longest river rafting in Ayung River, a white-water rafting! The river is classified to level II to III and your rafting trip will be approximately 2 hours. Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip. You’ll find a level of professionalism that offers unique insights into Bali’s natural wonders and memorable experiences through the rainforest. Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River.
Prices
Ayung River Rafting Packages Price
Ayung River Rafting Own Transport IDR 350/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 550/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 485/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 5+, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 430/Person
Tips
●We suggest you bring short pants or a swimsuit, a pair of changing clothes, sunscreen and extra money for drinks and souvenirs (纪念品).
●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes!
●Plastic bags for wet clothes are available, but you are advised to bring your own to reduce plastic use.
●Single-use raincoats are available if it rains. However, please bring your own to reduce plastic use.
1. What do we know about Ayung River Rafting
A. It’s an exciting guided adventure.
B. It helps to conserve the rainforest.
C. It offers unique insights into society.
D. It’s operated on the world’s fastest river.
2. What’s the charge for an Ayung River Rafting Group of 4 including Return Hotel Transfer
A. IDR 430. B. IDR 485. C. IDR 1940. D. IDR 2200.
3. What are the tourists advised to wear on a walk
A. Swimsuits. B. Strong shoes. C. Raincoats. D. Wet clothes.
B
Like many of the Indigenous (土著的) communities across the Australian continent, the remote communities in north-west New South Wales are struggling. Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare. Higher electricity bills—up to $3,000 a quarter for some households—further worsen the poverty. They’re always at the end of the power line, so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost. It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.
To that end, Anderson and other Indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance (FREA) to push for renewable energy in Indigenous communities. They partner with private enterprise to support Indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy.
“We can build a power station where the community exists,” Anderson says, “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”
Only a handful of Indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia. The Indigenous-owned and -operated company AllGrid Energy, for instance, has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel (柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory’s Barkly Tableland. Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016, people were moving back to their homelands, the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.
But FREA will go one step further, working with community leaders and acting as a conduit (纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with. This is essential, says Anderson, to avoid predatory (吞并) practices they have seen in the past, with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage. The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.
One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project. “Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community, it will work in every other community,” Anderson says.
4. What is FREA expected to do for the remote Indigenous communities
A Increase power supply to them. B. Help them return to their homelands.
C. Shake them off poverty. D. Reduce their higher power costs.
5. What does the author indicate by mentioning AllGrid Energy
A. Renewables projects are inaccessible.
B. Renewables projects are quite workable.
C. Renewables projects can increase locals’ income.
D. Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants.
6. What’s paragraph 5 mainly about concerning FREA
A. Its strategies to win over the businesses. B. Its cooperation with community leaders.
C. Its potential conflict with energy companies. D. Its innovation in directing renewables projects.
7. What’s FREA going to do next
A. Consult the experts. B. Select a piloting community.
C. Collect sufficient construction fund. D. Make renewables projects available to all.
C
The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.
According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.
Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground.
Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.
There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.
8. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Popularized widely. B. Discussed openly.
C. Defined accurately. D. Explored academically.
9. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______.
A. they can’t keep their balance.
B. they use improper flight attitude.
C. they lose track of which way is up.
D. they are attracted to lights from far away.
10. What is the significance of the research finding
A. It may lead to better conservation of insects.
B. Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.
C. Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.
D. It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.
B. Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.
C. How artificial light impacts insect populations.
D. How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.
D
I’m a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines. My approach was from an author’s angle, spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig Heart Boy.
So where did I get the idea Whenever I attend a school event, that question is asked. The answer is simple. Back in the mid 1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors. It left my mind filled with questions. What are the consequences Do we really have the right to treat animals as me re organ sources for humans So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular.
I’ve found questions are one of the best places to start from when writing a novel. In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list. When a genetically modified (GM) pig’s heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it —and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.
Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation. I completely disagree. As a children’s author, it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children. I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron’s shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.
Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children’s reading and learning. Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts. Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable, thought-provoking (令人深思的) story.
12. Where did the author get inspiration from to write Pig Heart Boy
A. A school event. B. A news item.
C Science magazines. D. Books on heart transplants.
13. What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig Heart Boy
A. Animal rights. B. GM technology.
C. Organ transplant risks. D. Organ shortage crisis.
14. What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about
A. Ways of tapping children ‘s intelligence. B. Potential application of fictional stories.
C. Supporting evidence for justifying the book. D. Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects.
15. What is Pig Heart Boy
A. An author profile. B. A science fiction novel.
C. A guidebook to xenotransplantation. D. An essay on writing children’s literature.
2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、 C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer camps everywhere are filling up fast, but opportunities remain open for camps where the fun and games center around food—growing it, that is. Your kids will learn how to tend to vegetables and livestock(家畜)and almost certainly taste the fruits of their labor.
Here’s a small sampling of what’s out there.
Muscoot, New York
This farm, offers a half-day Wrangler Camp for kids (a livestock-centred experience) and a six-week-long Young Farmers camp for kids in grades one through eight. Camps range from $150 for weeklong half-day sessions to $350 for full-day sessions.
Sproutin’ Up, Colorado
An agriculture farm with a focus on education, Sproutin’ Up offers skill-building programs for teens throughout the year, but their summer camp for kids is all about fun. In addition to farm activities, the kids spend time at a local climbing gym.
Three weeklong half-day sessions are available for $200 each.
Humboldt, California
Located north of San Francisco, this sleepaway camp spreads out over several hundred acres in the coastal hills of Sonoma County. The lodging(住处)is tent-style, with outdoor showers. A range of farm activities are available throughout the summer.
Alegre, Georgia
Your kids will clean and brush a horse, and learn to milk a goat at this camp. Three-day sessions (mornings only) cost $125, and parents can attend with their children for an extra fee.
21. Which camp best suits kids who enjoy climbing
A. Muscoot. B. Sproutin’ Up. C. Humboldt. D. Alegre.
22. What can kids do in Alegre
A. Interact with animals. B. Have sessions in the afternoon.
C. Sleep in tents at night. D. Enjoy the scenery of coastal hills.
23. What do the four camps have in common
A. They provide full-day camps. B. They offer farm-themed camps.
C. They are located in the same state. D. They focus on health education.
B
Deforestation—by clear-cutting or wildfires—has massive consequences both on climate and health. But leaving reforestation to Mother Nature can take decades, particularly as disastrous wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity. And the time, cost and labour involved makes traditional methods of tree planting not as practical as they once were.
Bryce Jones knows how hard it is to replant forests. For four months in 2013, he worked as a tree planter throughout Canada. “There’s no technology there,” he says. “The only way you can automate reforestation is through the air.” But it wasn’t until 2019 that he hit on the one that he thought had potential: use drones (无人机) to fire specially designed seed pods (荚) into the ground—at 10 times the normal rate and costing 20 percent less than traditional methods. He proposed the idea to his brother and Flash Forest was born. His first goal was to plant a billion trees by 2025.
The team took out a loan, bought a drone and used 3D printers at Jones’s school to make casts of the pods. Now, only two and a half years later, the company has a group of drones with each able to carry several thousand pods per flight. Three operators work in a field, controlling five drones, whose flights take 15 to 20 minutes. Flash Forest’s big draw is its seed pod, which contains everything seedlings (幼苗) need to promote survival. And its technology allows them to reach post-burn sites or remote areas that are difficult for traditional tree planting.
There are challenges every day, Jones says, as they work to improve the engineering, hardware, software and seed pod recipes. Then there are the challenges presented by the climate—this year, record temperatures, record wildfires and drought. “That was something that was totally out of our control,” he says.
Unlike some traditional forms of reforestation, Flash Forest is focused on biodiversity. For Jones, the target of planting a billion trees by 2025 is just the beginning. “I have a dream that the company will plant on six continents—everywhere where our technology is needed,” he says.
24. What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 1
A. The benefits of reforestation.
B. The power of Mother Nature.
C. The way of putting out wildfires.
D. The necessity of using new planting methods.
25. What contributes to the particular appeal of Flash Forest
A. Its drone operators. B. The frequent flights.
C. Its seed pod. D. The low cost of seedlings.
26. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Extreme weather. B. Drone technology.
C.3D equipment. D. Computer software.
27. What can we infer about Flash Forest from the last paragraph
A. It changed its focus in the past.
B. It will achieve its final target in 2025.
C. It might be available worldwide one day.
D. It has replaced traditional forms of reforestation.
C
The human voice is a delicate thing. Each person’s distinctive sound is produced when air from the lungs causes the vocal cords (声带) to vibrate (震颤). These vocal cords can easily get damaged. According to a 2005 study, 30% of the population will experience a voice disorder at some point in their life.
In a study published. in the journal Nature Communications this week, a group of bioengineering researchers from the University of California have put forward an attractive solution. They have designed and tested a soft patch (小片) that can be stuck onto a person's neck, where it will pick up muscle. movements and, with the help of machine-learning algorithms (算法) that process the signals, translate them into speech.
When a person loses their voice today, the easiest fix is to turn to typing, texting, or writing notes to communicate. Typing can be slow and inconvenient, says Jun Chen, the paper’s lead author, and writing notes is only possible in good lighting. The new solution would theoretically be able to clear all these hurdles.
Dr. Chen’s a device works based. on something: called the magnetoelastic effect. Essentially, when tiny magnetic (磁性的) bits are placed into soft materials, their. magnetic properties can change as the material is stretched.
When the throat muscles move under the soft patch, the resulting magnetic-field variations can be changed into electrical signals. In a test with eight participants, the researchers recorded the signals as the subjects spoke and mouthed five different sentences. They then trained a machine-learning model which was then able to predict which of the five sentences the participants spoke—whether aloud or in silence—with more than 90% accuracy.
There is a way to go yet, for now the device can only recognize the five phrases it was trained on. Plus, to make it practical at scale, the researchers will need to collect a lot more data.
28. In paragraph 1, the author mainly wants to tell us that ______.
A. lungs are easily damaged
B. the human voice is unique
C. vocal cords vibrate to produce sound
D. voice disorders are a problem worthy of attention
29. Why does the author mention the magnetoelastic effect
A. To explain the working principle. B. To present a solution.
C. To introduce the challenge. D. To make a comparison.
30. What is the function of the soft patch
A. Predicting five different sentences.
B. Destroying the background magnetic field.
C. Slowing the movements of throat muscles.
D. Helping tum muscle movements into electrical signals.
31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Predicting the Importance of Voice Restoration
B. Using Algorithms in Bioengineering Research
C. Overcoming Voice Loss with an Innovative Patch
D. Finding the Principle of Communication Devices
D
In recent years, much of my life, as a consumer has shifted to what I like to call background spending. As I've subscribed to more apps and streaming platforms, significant sums of my money tend to slip away each month without my ever thinking about it.
Think of it as automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action. Or thought.
But while this flood of subscriptions was sold to me on the condition that it would make my life more trouble free, there was a certain shock I felt upon discovering how much I was spending without realizing each month ($179.45).
You see, the thing about background spending is that it tends to happen, well, in the background without your full attention. And there lies the point.
“Hand over your credit card details and let us take care of the rest,” these companies promise us. But by agreeing to this trade, we’ve become lazy passive consumers. And this laziness breeds (导致) more laziness because most of us can’t be bothered with conducting regular reviews of our subscription spending. We’re too lazy to even notice or cancel!
I know it’s not just me who is suddenly living life as a smooth-brained subscriber. The average consumer spends $273 per month on subscriptions, according to a 2021 study of 2,500 by digital services firm West Monroe. Not a single person surveyed knew what his actual monthly spending was.
It’s understandable why this model is so attractive to businesses. As companies questioned traditional advertising models, subscriptions offered the promise of “selling once and earning forever.” And while subscription services have been around for decades (think Wine of the Month Club), more customers have been willing to sign up thanks to the widespread availability of smartphones and the increasing ease of home delivery.
While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute found 40 percent of consumers believe they have too many subscriptions. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions.
32. What can we know about background spending in paragraph 2
A. Its purpose. B. Its feature. C. Its procedure. D. Its requirement.
33. What makes it possible for background spending to happen
A. Its attractive price. B. Some people's poor habit.
C. Its secure service. D. Some people's addiction to it.
34. Why is the subscription model appealing to businesses
A. It offers good home delivery services.
B. It is like traditional advertising models.
C. It is popular among smartphone producers.
D. It brings repeated profits through a single sale.
35. What’s the author’s attitude towards background spending
A. Supportive. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Unclear.
2024届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The social purpose of the copyright system is to encourage creativity and the advancement of knowledge by giving those who make intellectual (智力的) contributions a “unique right to their writings and discoveries” for limited times. Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents. The U.S. Copyright Law of 1976 provides a term or the lifetime of the author plus 50 years. It recognizes that the value of written works often extends over a longer time than that of technological advances in the public area.
It is essential to register for formal copyright protection in order to have some degree of protection against the copyright of one’s works by others. The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work. No examination is made, and the copyright is immediately in force.
The Copyright Office will provide on request a variety of leaflets (小册子) describing the procedure and giving information about the classes of subject matter that can be registered.
Those are subject to protection:
(1) Books and newspapers (2) Lectures (3) Dramatic compositions (4) Films (5) Maps (6) Works of ant (7) Sound recordings (8) Photographs (9) Prints and labels (10) Musical compositions
Those are not subject to protection:
(1) Ideas (2) Systems, methods and plans (3) Government publications (4) Laws and opinions of courts
You can contact the Copyright Office (wwcoprightfice.org) for more information.
21. In which aspect do copyrights differ from patents
A. The application fee. B. The duration of protection.
C. The intellectual value. D. The contribution to society.
22. Which of the following should you provide for copyright registration
A. Copies of your work. B. Photos of yourself.
C. Introductory leaflets. D. Examination certificates.
23. According to the text, the Copyright Office may reject ______.
A. a movie about a new method of time travel
B. an original musical composition for children
C. a book about one’s opinions on American laws
D. an official document issued by the local county
B
Emest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently.
At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser.
Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.”
Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you ” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.”
After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.”
24. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13
A. He met with Thatcher twice.
B. He joined a famous golf club.
C. He hosted a BBC’s programme.
D. He lived at the bottom of society.
25. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Turning point. B. Important decision.
C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement.
26. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu
A. Others’ treating him equally at work.
B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton.
C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity.
D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness.
27. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence
C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale
C
Since the last ice age, humans have cleared nearly half of the earth’s forests and grasslands for agriculture. With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1,700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.
A recent study from the University of California, however, shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and energy together. One researcher, Majdi Abou Najm, explains that visible light spectrum (光谱) can be separated into blue and red light waves, and their photons (光子) have different properties. Blue ones have higher energy than red ones. While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power, it also results in higher temperatures. “From a plant angle, red photons are the efficient ones,” says Abou Najm. “They don’t make the plant feel hot.”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels. He sees potential in the organic solar cells, which come from carbon-based materials. Thin and transparent, the cells are applied like a film onto various surfaces. This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power, while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below. These panels could also provide shade for heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day.
By 2050, we’ll have two billion more people, and we’ll need more food and more energy. By maximizing the solar spectrum, “we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource,” says Abou Najm. “If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.”
28. What problem does the first paragraph focus on
A. Losing cropland to solar panels.
B. Distribution of the world population.
C. Reduction in forests and grasslands.
D. Competing for land between farmers.
29. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Generation of solar power.
B. Hot weather increasing efficiency.
C. Blue photons having higher energy.
D. Separation of visible light spectrum.
30. What do we know about the organic solar cells
A. They make fruits heat-sensitive.
B. They can cool down in hot days,
C. They allow red light to pass through.
D. They can store carbon-based materials.
31. What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A. Limited. B. Promising.
C. Uncertain. D. Challenging.
D
“Anxiety.” The very word invites discomfort. Its effects—shortness of breath, pounding heart, muscle tension—are outright upsetting. But, as a clinician, I find that we tend to miss out on many valuable opportunities presented by this human emotion. In and of itself, anxiety is not deadly, nor is it a disease. Quite the contrary: it is an indicator of brain and sensory health. Once we accept that it is a normal, though uncomfortable, part of life, we can use it to help us.
We all know working out at the gym is hard. By nature, a “good workout” is uncomfortable, since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do. The sweet spot of exercise is always a somewhat challenging experience. Similarly, if you want to be emotionally stronger, you need to face some tension. For example, one effective treatment for fear is exposure therapy (疗法), which involves gradually encountering things that make one anxious, reducing fear over time.
Humans are social creatures. When my patients learn to open up to their partners about their anxieties, they almost always report a greater sense of emotional closeness. Also, as international relationship expert Sue Johnson teaches, when we express our need for connection during challenging moments (e.g., “I’m having a hard time right now and could really use your support”), it creates greater connection and turns our anxiety into love.
From time to time, we find ourselves at the end of our rope. Our responsibilities pile up, our resources break down, and we feel uncomfortably anxious—what we’re experiencing is called stress. Simply put, the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources, just like a set of scales (天平) going out of balance. Focusing on work and pretending everything is OK only leads to disastrous results. Medical treatment for stress may function for a while, but it tends to make things worse in the long run. The only solution to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales.
32. What does the author say about anxiety
A. It is an invitation to diseases.
B. It indicates stable mental health.
C. It costs us many valuable chances.
D. It is a natural emotional expression.
33. Why does the author mention “good workout” in paragraph 2
A. To prove how exercise influences emotions.
B. To suggest an effective way to challenge limits.
C. To explain how anxiety builds emotional strength.
D. To show a positive connection between mind and body.
34. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The key to closeness is partners’ support.
B. Sharing anxieties improves relationships.
C. Humans are defined by their social nature.
D. Expressing feelings keeps us off anxieties.
35. According to the last paragraph, how can we deal with stress
A. Devote more energy to our work.
B. Increase resources available to us.
C. Seek professional medical treatment.
D. Master advanced mathematical skills.
2024届南通市高三第二次调研测试英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ayung River Rafting
About the trip
Explore Ayung River Rafting, the longest river rafting in Ayung River, a white-water rafting! The river is classified to level II to III and your rafting trip will be approximately 2 hours. Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip. You’ll find a level of professionalism that offers unique insights into Bali’s natural wonders and memorable experiences through the rainforest. Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River.
Prices
Ayung River Rafting Packages Price
Ayung River Rafting Own Transport IDR 350/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 550/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 485/Person
Ayung River Rafting Group of 5+, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 430/Person
Tips
●We suggest you bring short pants or a swimsuit, a pair of changing clothes, sunscreen and extra money for drinks and souvenirs (纪念品).
●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes!
●Plastic bags for wet clothes are available, but you are advised to bring your own to reduce plastic use.
●Single-use raincoats are available if it rains. However, please bring your own to reduce plastic use.
21. What do we know about Ayung River Rafting
A. It’s an exciting guided adventure.
B. It helps to conserve the rainforest.
C. It offers unique insights into society.
D It’s operated on the world’s fastest river.
22. What’s the charge for an Ayung River Rafting Group of 4 including Return Hotel Transfer
A. IDR 430. B. IDR 485. C. IDR 1940. D. IDR 2200.
23. What are the tourists advised to wear on a walk
A. Swimsuits. B. Strong shoes. C. Raincoats. D. Wet clothes.
B
Like many of the Indigenous (土著的) communities across the Australian continent, the remote communities in north-west New South Wales are struggling. Many of the 300 or so residents rely on welfare. Higher electricity bills—up to $3,000 a quarter for some households—further worsen the poverty. They’re always at the end of the power line, so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost. It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.
To that end, Anderson and other Indigenous leaders have formed the First Nations Renewable Energy Alliance (FREA) to push for renewable energy in Indigenous communities. They partner with private enterprise to support Indigenous communities looking to switch to renewable energy.
“We can build a power station where the community exists,” Anderson says, “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”
Only a handful of Indigenous communities have set up renewable energy projects in Australia. The Indigenous-owned and -operated company AllGrid Energy, for instance, has installed solar panels and battery storage systems to replace diesel (柴油) generators in the communities of Ngurrara and Kurnturlpara in the Northern Territory’s Barkly Tableland. Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016, people were moving back to their homelands, the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.
But FREA will go one step further, working with community leaders and acting as a conduit (纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with. This is essential, says Anderson, to avoid predatory (吞并) practices they have seen in the past, with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage. The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.
One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project. “Our experience is that if we can make it work for one community, it will work in every other community,” Anderson says.
24. What is FREA expected to do for the remote Indigenous communities
A. Increase power supply to them. B. Help them return to their homelands.
C. Shake them off poverty. D. Reduce their higher power costs.
25. What does the author indicate by mentioning AllGrid Energy
A. Renewables projects are inaccessible.
B. Renewables projects are quite workable.
C. Renewables projects can increase locals’ income.
D. Renewables projects can coexist with diesel power plants.
26. What’s paragraph 5 mainly about concerning FREA
A. Its strategies to win over the businesses. B. Its cooperation with community leaders.
C. Its potential conflict with energy companies. D. Its innovation in directing renewables projects.
27. What’s FREA going to do next
A. Consult the experts. B. Select a piloting community.
C. Collect sufficient construction fund. D. Make renewables projects available to all.
C
The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.
According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.
Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground.
Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.
There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.
28. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Popularized widely. B. Discussed openly.
C. Defined accurately. D. Explored academically.
29. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______.
A. they can’t keep their balance.
B. they use improper flight attitude.
C. they lose track of which way is up.
D. they are attracted to lights from far away.
30. What is the significance of the research finding
A. It may lead to better conservation of insects.
B. Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.
C. Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.
D. It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.
B. Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.
C. How artificial light impacts insect populations.
D. How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.
D
I’m a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines. My approach was from an author’s angle, spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig Heart Boy.
So where did I get the idea Whenever I attend a school event, that question is asked. The answer is simple. Back in the mid 1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors. It left my mind filled with questions. What are the consequences Do we really have the right to treat animals as me re organ sources for humans So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular.
I’ve found questions are one of the best places to start from when writing a novel. In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list. When a genetically modified (GM) pig’s heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it —and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.
Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation. I completely disagree. As a children’s author, it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children. I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron’s shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.
Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children’s reading and learning. Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts. Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable, thought-provoking (令人深思的) story.
32. Where did the author get inspiration from to write Pig Heart Boy
A. A school event. B. A news item.
C. Science magazines. D. Books on heart transplants.
33. What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig Heart Boy
A Animal rights. B. GM technology.
C. Organ transplant risks. D. Organ shortage crisis.
34. What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about
A. Ways of tapping children ‘s intelligence. B. Potential application of fictional stories.
C. Supporting evidence for justifying the book. D. Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects.
35. What is Pig Heart Boy
A. An author profile. B. A science fiction novel.
C. A guidebook to xenotransplantation. D. An essay on writing children’s literature.
答案
2024届江苏省连云港市高三下学期二模英语试题
A
【1~3题答案】
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
B
【4~7题答案】
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B
C
【8~11题答案】
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B
D
【12~15题答案】
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题
A篇
第21题 B 细节题。定位到“Sproutin'Up”部分，根据“In addition to farm activities...spent time at a local climbing gym”可知，这个夏令营最适合喜欢爬山的孩子。
第22题 A 细节题。定位到“Alegre”部分，根据"clean and brush a horse“ ”learn to milk a goat”可知这个夏令营最大的特色应该是和动物互动，选择A。
第23题 B 细节题。B，他们都提供农场主题的夏令营，根据全文可知，这四个夏令营都与农业、农场有关，B符合题意。A，“full-day”只有Muscoot提到；C，根据小标题，这四个农场分别位于纽约、科罗拉多、加利福尼亚和乔治亚洲；D，根据第一段，这些夏令营关注重点在种植食物和蓄养动物，而不是健康教育。
B篇
第24题 D 文意理解题。第一段首先讲现在由于砍伐和山火造成的森林消失很严重，但是把恢复森林完全交给大自然是很缓慢困难的，用传统的种树方法也不切实际，意思就是我们需要更新更先进的种树方法，才能恢复森林面积，保护气候和人类的健康，因此选D，使用新的种树方法的必要性。
第25题 C 细节题。定位到倒数第三段，"Flash Forest's big draw is its seed pod..."，可知本题选择C。
第26题 A 代词理解题。根据前一句说，气候造成的挑战有很多，并且列举了今年创纪录的高温、山火次数和干旱程度，可知，下一句的“That”指代的是前文提到的极端天气。
第27题 C 文意理解题。定位到最后一段，Jones说“I have a dream that the company will plant on six continents-everywhere where our technology is needed”可知也许Flash Forest以后会推广至全世界。
C篇
第28题 D 细节题。D, 根据第一段最后一句可知, 作者想告诉我们"失语症是一个值得关注的问题", D 选项符合文意。A,"肺部容易受损"文中只字未提; B,"人声是独特的"虽在第一段提到, 但不是作者的中心思想; C,"声带的振动产生声音"只是一个客观事实的陈述, 并非作者想要强调的重点。
第29题 A 细节题。A, 根据第四段第一句可知, 作者提到"magnetoelastic effect"是为了解释软贴片的工作原理。B,"提出一个解决方案"不够具体; C,"介绍面临的挑战"文中并未提及; D,"进行比较"也与文意不符。这道题的解题关键是准确定位作者提到专业术语"magnetoelastic effect"的位置, 即第四段开头。接下来要分析作者在这里引入该概念的意图, 从上下文可以判断出, 作者是为了解释软贴片的工作原理, 故 A 选项正确。其他三个选项或是表述笼统, 或是无中生有, 都不符合文意。
第30题 D 推断题。D, 根据第四段和第五段的内容可推断, 软贴片的功能是将喉部肌肉运动转化为电信号。A,"预测五个不同的句子"是研究人员训练机器学习模型的结果, 不是软贴片本身的功能; B,"消除背景磁场"文中未提及; C,"减缓喉部肌肉运动"与文意相悖。这道题需要根据文章细节进行合理推断。我们在第四段和第五段找到相关线索: 软贴片利用"磁弹性效应", 将喉部肌肉运动引起的磁场变化转化为电信号, 研究人员再利用这些信号训练机器学习模型。由此可以推断, 软贴片的核心功能就是将肌肉运动转化为电信号, 故 D 选项正确。而其选项或是无关信息, 或是错误推断。
第31题 C 主旨题。C,"用创新贴片克服失语症"概括了全文的中心思想, 切合文章主旨。A,"恢复声音的重要性"只涉及文章背景, 不够全面; B,"生物工程研究中的算法"只是文中一个细节, 非重点; D,"发现沟通设备的原理"表述不够准确。这是一道考查把握文章中心的题目。在四个选项中, C 选项最全面地概括了文章的主题, 即研究人员开发了一种创新的软贴片来帮助克服失语症。而其他选项或是片面, 或是偏离中心, 都不如 C 选项贴切。做这类主旨大意题时, 要注意审题, 区分文章的主次信息, 找出最佳选项。
D篇
第32题 B 细节题。根据题干"What can we know about background spending in paragraph 2 ", 我们可以判断出这是一道细节题, 考察学生定位和提取文章细节信息的能力。解题关键是找到第二段中对 background spending 特点的描述。该段提到"Think of it as automated trade. Spending without the trouble of spending. Acquisition without action. Or thought."。可以看出,作者是在描述背景支出的特征 (feature), 即它是一种自动化的、不需要思考或行动的消费。因此, B 选项 its feature 正确, 它符合文章对背景支出特征的表述。而 A 选项 purpose、C 选项 procedure 和 D 选项 requirement 都未在第二段明确提及, 属于无中生有的干扰项。
第33题 B 细节题。根据第三段"Not a single person surveyed knew what their actual monthly spending was.", 可知 B 选项 Some people's poor habit 符合文意。A 项 Its attractive price 与文中信息不符; C 项 Its secure service 文中未提及; D 项 Its requirement 在上题已排除。本题是典型的细节题, 考察学生准确获取文中信息的能力。只要仔细阅读第三段, 就不难发现作者明确指出, 调查中无一人知晓自己每月在订阅上的实际支出, 由此可见 B 选项是正确答案。
第34题 D 推断题。本题问"为什么订阅模式对企业有吸引力 "。根据倒数第二段的信息"While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute surveyed people about which subscriptions they have too many of. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions.", 可以推断出, 订阅模式之所以受企业欢迎, 是因为它带来了预期的利润, 而并非 B 选项所说的"像传统广告"。文中提到尽管消费者对订阅服务不满, 但依然愿意付费, 这意味着企业从订阅模式中获得了可观的收益, 故 D 选项正确。这道题考察学生的逻辑推理能力和综合分析能力。做这道题目的时候不能局限于某一句话, 而要结合上下文, 探究言外之意, 这样才能做出合理的推断。
第35题 C 态度题。题目问作者对背景支出的态度。根据最后一段的表述"While these subscriptions promise ease and happiness, not all of us are satisfied. Last year, the Kearney Consumer Institute surveyed people about which subscriptions they have too many of. Almost half of us also think we pay too much for streaming video-on-demand subscriptions.", 可以看出作者对背景支出持批评态度, 认为消费者为此付出了太多, 而收效甚微。C 选项 approving 与作者的批评态度相符合。这道题考察学生辨识作者态度的能力。我们不仅要看作者的直接表述, 更要注意分析其言语中流露出的情感倾向。"not all of us are satisfied""pay too much"等词语明显带有贬义色彩, 体现了作者对背景支出模式的不认同。做此类题目时要学会透过现象看本质、透过语言看情感。
2024届江苏省南京市、盐城市高三第二次模拟考试英语试卷
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是版权制度，获得版权注册的程序和版权局接受和不接受的东西。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Protection is provided for a much longer time for copyrights than for patents.(版权的保护期比专利的保护期长得多。)”可知，版权和专利的保护期限不同，故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The procedure for obtaining a copyright registration is quite simple—an application is submitted with a small fee and two copies of the work.(获得版权注册的程序非常简单——提交申请，只需支付少量费用和两份作品副本。)”可知，你应提供你作品的副本来作版权登记，故选A。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Those are not subject to protection:部分的“Government publications(政府出版物)”可知，版权局可能会拒绝当地县政府发布的官方文件，故选D。
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser.(在他们相遇的时候，Owusu在学校吃免费午餐，住在伦敦南部布里克斯顿的一处公共住宅里，他和妹妹由母亲罗斯抚养，她是一名苦苦挣扎的美发师。)”可知，Owusu13岁时生活在社会的底层。故选D。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed(直到今天，它仍然有影响。我的信心改变了)”可知，从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了，说明那是一个转折点，sliding-door moment的意思是“转折点”，和Turning point意思相近，故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.(因为人们经常对我说，如果你在工作中，你必须温柔、温暖、人性化，但你也必须有一点钢铁的感觉。)”和“She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.(她对这个问题表示欢迎，说在这个世界上你必须要坚定。这让我印象深刻。)”可知，Thatcher坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.”(在俱乐部里，Owusu将自己社会地位的提升描述为“撒切尔之旅”。他说，首先要问这位女士本人。“直到今天，它仍然有影响，我的信心从那一刻起就改变了。她身上的某种东西与我联系在一起。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生，因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A Life-changing Meeting(改变人生的会面)”。故选C。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项研究表明，可以通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和蓝色的光波，分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1,700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.(随着世界人口的增长，农田不仅要生产更多的粮食，还要生产清洁能源，农田的压力越来越大。在华盛顿州亚基马县等地，由于需要土地的太阳能电池板消耗了可用的田地，这就造成了空间竞争。上个月，该州批准了用太阳能电池板覆盖1700英亩农田的计划，这加剧了人们对失去农田的长期影响的担忧。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选A。
【29题详解】
代词指代题。that为指示代词，常用来指代上文提到的事物。根据画线词前一句“Blue ones have higher energy than red ones.(蓝色的光子比红色的光子能量高。)”可知，that指代的是蓝色光子有更高的能量，更高的能量给予了产生电所需的蓝光。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power, while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below.(这项新技术可以用于开发特殊的太阳能电池板，该电池板可以阻挡蓝光发电，同时让红光传给正下方种植的作物。)”可知，这种有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By maximizing the solar spectrum, ‘we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource,’ says Abou Najm. ‘If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.’(Abou Najm说，通过最大限度地利用太阳能光谱，‘我们正在充分利用无尽的可持续资源。’‘如能够开发出这些面板的果一项技术生效，那么我们的效率就是无限的。’)”可知，Abou Najm认为有机太阳能电池板能够最大限度地利用无尽的太阳能资源，让人类的效率变得无限，由此可推测出，他认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选B。
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了焦虑虽然令人不舒服，但接受它对我们有帮助。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Quite the contrary: it is an indicator of brain and sensory health. Once we accept that it is a normal, though uncomfortable, part of life, we can use it to help us.(恰恰相反：它是大脑和感官健康的指标。一旦我们接受这是生活中正常的一部分，尽管不舒服，我们就可以用它来帮助我们。)”可知，焦虑是一种正常的情感表露。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“By nature, a ‘good workout’ is uncomfortable, since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do.(从本质上讲，‘好的锻炼’是不舒服的，因为它涉及到将我们的体力推过我们可以轻松完成的事情。)”和“Similarly, if you want to be emotionally stronger, you need to face some tension.(同样，如果你想在情感上更坚强，你需要面对一些紧张。)”可知，好的锻炼需要挑战身体的舒适区，同样，要想在情感上更坚强，有必要面对一些紧张，由此可推测出，提到“好的锻炼”是为了说明焦虑是如何帮助增强情感力量的。故选C。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Humans are social creatures. When my patients learn to open up to their partners about their anxieties, they almost always report a greater sense of emotional closeness. Also, as international relationship expert Sue Johnson teaches, when we express our need for connection during challenging moments (e.g., ‘I’m having a hard time right now and could really use your support’), it creates greater connection and turns our anxiety into love.(人类是社会生物。当我的病人学会向他们的伴侣敞开心扉表达他们的焦虑时，他们几乎总是报告说有更大的情感亲密感。此外，正如国际关系专家Sue Johnson所教导的那样，当我们在充满挑战的时刻表达我们对联系的需求时（例如，‘我现在很难过，真的需要你的支持’），这会产生更大的联系，并将我们的焦虑转化为爱。)”可推出，本段主要讲述了分享焦虑有助于改善人际关系。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Simply put, the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources, just like a set of scales (天平) going out of balance.(简单地说，对我们的要求超过了我们现有的资源，就像一组天平失去平衡一样。)”和“The only solution to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales.(处理压力的唯一解决方案是通过数学来平衡天平。)”可知，对我们的要求超过了我们现有的资源，所以天平失去了平衡，而唯一的方法是通过数学来平衡天平，由此可推测出，要增加可用的资源，以便达到平衡。故选B。
2024届南通市高三第二次调研测试英语试题
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了阿荣河漂流旅游项目，包括漂流的时间、难度、导游服务以及漂流过程中可以欣赏到的自然美景。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据About the trip部分中“Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip.(我们的友好和经验丰富的救生筏导游将带您进行一次安全而有趣的旅行)”和“Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River.(不要错过这个令人难忘的冒险，它展示了阿荣河的美丽，和战胜阿荣河急流的兴奋和刺激)”可知，阿荣河是一次令人兴奋的有向导的冒险。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prices部分表格中第四行“Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer(阿荣河漂流团3-4人，回程包括酒店接送)”和“IDR 485/Person(印尼盾 485 /人)”可知，回程包括酒店接送4人团需要支付485×4=1940印尼盾。故选C项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tips部分中“●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes!(●旅途的起点和终点都很陡峭，请准备好耐磨的鞋子走路!)”可知，建议游客在走路时穿结实的鞋子。故选B项。
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了土著社区推动可再生能源项目，FREA组织助力，避免企业利用贫困获利。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“They’re always at the end of the power line, so the service that is there is quite extraordinary in terms of cost. It’s a real problem that needs to be fixed.(他们总是在电力线的末端，所以那里的服务在成本方面是非常高的。这是一个需要解决的实际问题)”以及第三段““We can build a power station where the community exists,” Anderson says, “so people are able to successfully live in the environment the way they want to live and have access to power which enables them to better determine their economic future.”(“我们可以在有社区的地方建一座发电站，”安德森说，“这样人们就能在他们想要的环境中成功地生活，并获得电力，使他们能够更好地决定自己的经济未来。”)”可知，FREA期望为偏远的土著社区降低他们更高的电力成本。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Within two months of the system being installed in May 2016, people were moving back to their homelands, the communities growing from just two permanent residents to about 40.(该系统于2016年5月安装，在安装后的两个月内，人们纷纷搬回自己的家园，社区从只有两名永久居民增长到大约40人)”可推知，作者提到AllGrid Energy是为了说明可再生能源项目相当可行。故选B。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段“But FREA will go one step further, working with community leaders and acting as a conduit (纽带) between the communities and the businesses they are dealing with. This is essential, says Anderson, to avoid predatory (吞并) practices they have seen in the past, with companies “playing on the psychology of poverty” to gain advantage. The FREA has drafted terms of agreements that will guide how companies engage with Indigenous communities for renewable energy projects.(但FREA将更进一步，与社区领导人合作，并充当社区与他们正在打交道的企业之间的渠道。安德森说，这对于避免他们过去看到的掠夺性行为是至关重要的，这些公司“利用贫困心理”来获得优势。FREA已经起草了协议条款，指导公司如何与土著社区合作开展可再生能源项目)”可知，关于FREA，本段谈论的主要内容是它在指导可再生能源项目方面的新方法。故选D。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of the next steps for FREA will be to identify a community that can act as a test case for a renewables project.( FREA下一步的工作之一将是确定一个可以作为可再生能源项目测试案例的社区)”可知，FREA下一步将会选择一个试点社区。故选B。
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究，研究发现昆虫被进化困住，无休止地围绕人工照明转，这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向，更好地保护昆虫。
【28题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer(流行的理论认为，飞蛾和其他昆虫是靠月亮导航的，它们把灯误认为是月光，或者是昆虫为了躲避即将到来的危险而飞向光明。现在研究人员相信他们有了一个更有说服力的答案)”可知，对于昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围这一问题没有标准答案，故可推知划线短语所在句意为“昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围，这一科学问题从未得到明确解释”，推测划线短语nailed down意为“明确解释”，与Defined accurately意义相近。故选C。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.(飞蛾发现自己把背向路灯倾斜。这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转，这些昆虫被它们的进化困住了)”可知，飞蛾把背向路灯倾斜，这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转，故是不正确的飞行姿态导致飞蛾无休止地绕着灯转。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. ‘What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,’ Fabian said.(Fabian相信，这项研究有一些有益的教训。‘这告诉我们，人造光的方向很重要。我们能不能改变照明环境，让昆虫不被困住？因为我们正面临着全球昆虫数量的大幅下降，而夜间的人造光是可能导致这种下降的因素之一，’ Fabian说)”可知，这项研究结果的意义是告诉我们可以改变人造光的方向，使昆虫不被困住，从而更好地保护昆虫。故选A。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.(现在研究人员相信他们有了一个更有说服力的答案：与目前的理论相反，昆虫不会被远处的光吸引，但如果它们飞得离人造光源很近，就会被困住)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究，研究发现昆虫被进化困住，无休止地围绕人工照明转，这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向，更好地保护昆虫，所以B项“为什么人造光和进化会困住昆虫？”符合题意。故选B。
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作者从异种器官移植报道中获得灵感创作小说《Pig Heart Boy》的故事。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Back in the mid 1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors.(早在20世纪90年代中期，我在报纸上读到一篇医生写的文章，他猜测我们最终将不得不转向异种移植，作为解决人体器官捐献者缺乏的可能方案)”可知，作者写Pig Heart Boy的灵感来自新闻。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplantation.(现在有些人认为这个题材不适合儿童，批评异种移植的残忍和不人道的方式)”可知，有些人认为这个器官移植的题材不适合儿童，是因为他们批评这种器官移植的残忍和不人道的方式。可以推断出这些人认为这些器官移植损害了其他动物的权利，故选A。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“As a children’s author, it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children. I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron’s shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.(作为一名儿童作家，一些成年人低估了什么题材会引起孩子们的兴趣和刺激，这一直让我感到惊讶。我想写一个没有正确或错误答案的故事，一个让读者站在卡梅伦的立场上思考一下，如果他们也面临他的处境，他们会做出什么决定，以及他们会如何反应的故事)”以及最后一段“Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children’s reading and learning. Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts. Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable, thought-provoking (令人深思的) story.(在STEM(科学、技术、工程和数学)学科中，探索新思想的虚构故事也可以丰富孩子们的阅读和学习。各种研究表明，阅读小说可以提高孩子掌握新概念的能力。《猪心男孩》是我试图将科学融入一个可信、发人深省的故事)”可知，最后两段主要是讲了支持这本书的证据。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list. When a genetically modified (GM) pig’s heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it —and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.(在我的故事中，需要心脏移植的卡梅伦知道，除非他得到一个，否则他不可能活到下一个生日，但他的等待名单已经排在很长的一段路了。当一位开拓性的医生提供了一颗转基因猪的心脏时，卡梅伦决定接受它——