2024年中考英语短文填空解题技巧专项讲解（二） 真题演练（含答案）

2024年英语中考短文填空解题技巧专项讲解（二）
短文填空解题技巧&真题演练
I、题型特征: 短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型。它所涉及的知识面广，灵活性高，综合性也很强。它不仅考查考生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识，还考查考生理解、推导、分析等综合能力。从表面上看它是考查考生对单词的辨认能力，而实质上它既考查了考生掌握单词的数量及准确性，又考查了他们对上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力，由此考查考生的知识记忆与再现能力。 II、解题三部曲: 【读】跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。 【定与断】复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。 A.) 利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义. B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 【验】读短文，上下参照，验证答案。 在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等方面进行综合验证，凡有 疑问必须重新推敲考虑。 【锦囊妙计】 第一招:金睛火眼(认真、细致地观察图画,就可以直接在图画中找到答案或信息。 ) 1）It was __________ . Mrs. Smith went to do some____________with her husband. Saturday； shopping
2）It was_________ o’clock in the morning. Mr. Smith …Then he left home and rode a ________to the station. seven ;bike 第二招：有样学样（善于从下文或前文找一模一样的信息。） 1）When he got home, he open his bag. He wanted to get the keys. They were always there. But he couldn’t find the keys this time…
A moment later he jumped into the room and was very happy. But when he put his hand into his pocket. He found his______ right there. keys 2）Children have to do a lot of ___________every day not only at school but also at home. Some children have so much work to do that they often have to work late into the night before they can finish their homework. homework 第三招：放飞想象（答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。） 1）Once a Frenchman was travelling in England. He knew very __________English. little 2）When Tom got school, it was eight ten. The teacher had already begun her lesson. As soon as Tom came
into the classroom, she got _________ and said, … angry 第四招：姿势与实际并重(注意填写动词的时态、语态和名词的单复数) 1）Because Sui is one of the top basketball_______in Asia, she was ________ to play in the WNBA (Women’s NBA) in the US. It’s the first time she has worked abroad. players; chosen/invited 2）People have _______ trees down in large numbers. In the end they find that they have lost the best friends they had. cut 第五招：讲究搭配（根据习惯用语和短语来填写） 1）Are trees important Yes, trees are useful to man in three very important ways. The first important way is that they provide man ________ food. with 2）The woman was _________ a newspaper in her room when she_________ someone _________at the door… reading; heard; knocking III、考点精讲分析: 注意语法规则 确定词性 —动词、名词、形容词、副词等 确定词形 —动词的形式、名词的单复数等 1）When we heard the bell, all of us ______talking. 2）After that, he often helped me and we became good ______. 2）Listen to your teacher ________ in class. It is very important.
stopped；friends； carefully 考点一 动词(v.)的用法： 时态（do, did, does, doing, done)
2.语态
3.非谓语动词形式(动名词doing,动词不定式to do) 1）Last Friday, a man _______ to see his doctor, because he suffered from pains in his stomach. 2）After the doctor _______ over carefully, he _______to him, “Well, don’t worry, young man. You will get better by _______ a rest. went；looked；said；having 考点二 名词(n.)的用法：单复数，名词所有格 1）I know her in the newspaper. She didn’t go to school at a very young age. Many girls and _____ like her wish to go to school in China. They want to go to school very much, but their families are too poor. If the ______ has two or three_______, it’s harder to pay the money for all of them. 2）September 10th is __________ Day. boys；family；children；Teachers’ 考点三 形容词(adj.) 、副词(adv.)的用法： 1.形容词 、副词的修饰关系 2.形容词 、副词的比较等级 a little /much /even /a lot+比较级 one of the+ adj.的最高级+名词的复数 There was a little boy. He got angry _____. His father gave him some nails(钉子)and said” When you feel____, you just hammer a nail into the back of the fence…. The boy found it was much______ to hold his temper(脾气). easily；angry；easier 考点四 代词(pron.)的用法： 1.人称代词(主格﹑宾格) 2.物主代词(形容词性﹑名词性) 3.反身代词
On __________ tenth birthday, the boy invited many friends to the party. __________played many interesting games and ate lots of delicious food. They really enjoyed __________. his；They；themselves 考点五 介词、冠词、连词（并列，从属，转折...） 1）For years, we played other people’s songs, _______ now we play mostly our own songs. 2）She didn’t go to school yesterday, _______ she was ill. 3）This becomes problem, because most families love home cooking! 4）The Voice of China is a reality talent show on the Zhejiang Television. Most of the teenagers fall in love this show. 5）A parent makes some cookies is not just satisfying a child’s sweet teeth. but; because; a；with；who IV、中考突破： （2024·广东省东莞市·一模） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 should; busy; out; for; much; compete; from; when; class; until; quick; perhaps
These days, many parents push their children into learning more skills. They believe it helps their kids to better 1 in life. However, such a 2 life can place great pressure on students. Cathy Taylor comes 3 America. She has three children. On most days after school, Mrs Taylor takes her children to many different kinds of after-school 4 . The tired children don’t get home 5 after 7:00 p.m. They have a 6 dinner, and then it’s time for homework. Maybe she could cut 7 a few of their activities, but she believes these activities are important 8 her children’s future. She really wants them to be successful. Doctors say too 9 pressure is not good for a child’s development at all. Instead, children 10 have time to relax and think for themselves. It’s even more important to have happy children than to have successful children. 1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.__________ 6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________
【答案】 1. compete 2．busy 3．from 4．classes 5．until 6．quick 7．out 8．for 9．much 10．should 【导语】本文讲了中国及其他国家中学生们普遍存在的学习及课外辅导班的问题，思考怎样在学习及休息之间达到平衡。 1．句意：他们相信这可以帮助他们的孩子在生活中更好地竞争。根据“They believe it helps their kids to better...in life.”可知，家长认为督促孩子学习更多的技能可以在生活中有竞争力，备选词compete“竞争”符合语境。故填compete。 2．句意：然而，如此忙碌的生活会给学生带来很大的压力。根据“...life can place great pressure on students.”可知，忙碌的生活给学生带来压力，备选词busy“忙碌的”符合语境。故填busy。 3．句意：凯茜·泰勒来到美国。根据语境“Cathy Taylor comes...America.”可知，她来自美国，come from“来自”，固定短语。故填from。 4．句意：在大多数放学后的日子里，泰勒夫人都会带她的孩子们去参加许多不同类型的课外课程。根据“On most days after school, Mrs Taylor takes her children to many different kinds of after-school...”可知，泰勒夫人带孩子们去参加不同的课，many different kinds of“许多不同种类”，后加可数名词复数， class“课”，复数形式classes。故填classes。 5．句意：疲惫的孩子们直到晚上7:00才回家。根据“The tired children don’t get home...after 7:00 p.m.”可知，孩子们课程排的满满的，7:00后才能回家，备选词until“直到”符合语境。故填until。 6．句意：他们吃了一顿简单的晚餐，然后就到了做作业的时间。根据“and then it’s time for homework.”可知，孩子们快速吃完饭去做作业，备选词quick“快速的”符合语境。故填quick。 7．句意：也许她可以删掉他们的一些活动。根据“The tired children don’t get home”可知，孩子们课外辅导班太多，很疲惫，去掉一些活动可以减轻负担，删除cut out“删掉”符合语境。故填out。 8．句意：但她相信这些活动对她孩子们的未来很重要。根据句意及备选项可知，空处缺少介词，for“对……来说”符合语境。故填for。 9．句意：医生表示，太大的压力对孩子的发育根本没有好处。根据“Doctors say...pressure is not good for a child’s development at all.”可知，太大压力对孩子成长没好处，pressure“压力”，不可数名词，too much+不可数名词，意思是“太多的……”。故填much。 10．句意：相反，孩子应该有时间放松并独立思考。根据句意及备选词可知，空处缺少情态动词，表示建议，should“应该”。故填should。 （2024·广东省东莞市·一模） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
artist else go like long make of or other only stay when
If you’re looking for a truly “cool” experience, check out the Icehotel in Sweden. It’s one of the biggest hotels in the world made of ice and snow. Every November, 51 from all over the world come to the village of Jukkasj rvi to build the Icehotel. They use ice from the Torne River to 52 rooms and each room is different. Some rooms have beautiful ice sculptures (雕塑) and 53 have amazing ice beds. The hotel is 54 an art gallery (美术馆). You can enjoy the wonderful works of art during your 55 . You can also go fishing on the river 56 see the northern lights. The hotel is open 57 from December to April. In summer, it is no 58 there because it melts (融化)! The snowmelt 59 back into the Torne River and the hotel is rebuilt in the coming winter. So 60 you visit the Icehotel next time, you won’t be able to see the same one you have visited before. 51.__________ 52.__________ 53.__________ 54.__________ 55.__________ 56.__________ 57.__________ 58.__________ 59.__________ 60.__________ 【答案】51．artists 52．make 53．others 54．like 55．stay 56．or 57．only 58．longer 59．goes 60．when 【导语】本文主要介绍了瑞典的冰旅馆。这是一个由冰雪建造的世界知名的大旅馆，每年由全球艺术家共同打造，提供独特的艺术体验，同时游客还可以享受钓鱼和观赏北极光等活动，但旅馆仅在冬季开放，夏季会融化并重建。 51．句意：每年11月，来自世界各地的艺术家来到尤卡斯耶尔维村建造冰旅馆。根据“...to build the Icehotel.”和备选词汇可知，建造冰旅馆的应该是人，artist“艺术家”符合语境；谓语动词“come”用原形，主语为复数名词。故填artists。 52．句意：他们用托恩河的冰来建造房间，每个房间都不一样。根据“They use ice from the Torne River to...rooms”可知，他们用冰制造房间，动词make“制造”符合语境；use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”。故填make。 53．句意：有些房间有美丽的冰雕，有些房间有令人惊叹的冰床。some...others...“一些……另一些……”，为固定搭配。故填others。 54．句意：这家旅馆就像一个美术馆。根据“The hotel is...an art gallery (美术馆).”和备选词汇可知，此处指旅馆像美术馆，应用介词like“像”。故填like。 55．句意：在您逗留期间，您可以欣赏精美的艺术作品。根据“You can enjoy the wonderful works of art during your...”和备选词汇可知，在逗留期间可以欣赏艺术作品，形容词性物主代词your后接名词stay“逗留”。故填stay。 56．句意：你也可以在河上钓鱼或看北极光。“go fishing on the river”和“see the northern lights”是选择
关系，应用连词or“或者”连接。故填or。 57．句意：这家旅馆只在12月到次年4月开放。根据下文“...because it melts (融化)!”可知，冰会融化，所以冰旅馆只在较寒冷的时段开放，副词only“仅仅，只”符合语境。故填only。 58．句意：在夏天，它不再存在，因为它融化了！根据空前“no”和“...because it melts (融化)!”可知，冰融化了，冰旅馆就不再在那里了，短语no longer“不再”符合语境。故填longer。 59．句意：雪融水流回托恩河，旅馆将在即将到来的冬天重建。根据“The snowmelt...back into the Torne River”和备选词汇可知，此处指雪融水回到托恩河，短语go back“回到，返回”符合语境；根据“the hotel is rebuilt”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语“snowmelt”为不可数名词，谓语动词go用三单形式。故填goes。 60．句意：所以当你下次去冰旅馆的时候，你就看不到以前去过的那个了。根据“...you visit the Icehotel next time, you won’t be able to see the same one you have visited before.”可知，此处指当你下次去冰旅馆的时候，你不会再看到之前去过的那个旅馆了，应用when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 V、总结： 【策略点拨】 短文填空要谨记，观察句子仔仔细，
词汇语法牢牢记，下笔填词先三思，
戒掉粗心和大意，短文高分包满意。 VI、巩固练习: (2024年广东省各市一模试题) （一） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 reflect afraid for be and mirror Animal surprised what another look his
One day, a barber (理发师) was going to his neighbor village. On his way to the village, he had to pass through a forest full of wild 11 . Suddenly, all his worst fears came true. A fierce lion came and stood in front of him. The barber was quite afraid, but he didn’t want to 12 seen by the lion. So he took his courage and went to the lion. The lion was 13 to see the barber acting this way. The barber said, “Ah! I have been searching all the nearby forests to look for you.” The lion tried to understand 14 the barber said. With some fear in 15 heart, he asked the barber, “Why were you 16 for me ” The barber replied, “The king asked me to catch two lions 17 him. I have already caught one. I guess you will be the next one.”
And then the barber took out a(n) 18 and put it before the lion’s face. The lion saw his 19 and mistook it for another lion. So the lion ran away to save his life 20 the clever barber continued on his way. 11.__________ 12.__________ 13.__________ 14.__________ 15.__________ 16.__________ 17.__________ 18.__________ 19.__________ 20.__________ 【答案】 animals 12．be 13．surprised 14．what 15．his 16．looking 17．for 18．mirror 19．reflection 20．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个理发师通过自己的聪明才智逃脱了狮子。 11．句意：在去村子的路上，他不得不穿过一片满是野生动物的森林。根据“a forest full of wild”可知森林里都是野生动物，animal“动物”，此处用名词复数。故填animals。 12．句意：理发师很害怕，但他不想让狮子看到。主语he和see之间是被动关系，故动词不定式符号to后加be动词原形。故填be。 13．句意：狮子看到理发师这样做很惊讶。根据“to see the barber acting this way”可知看到理发师不怕他，狮子很吃惊，surprised“吃惊的”。故填surprised。 14．句意：狮子试图听懂理发师说的话。此处缺少said的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 15．句意：他心里有些害怕，就问理发师：“你为什么找我？”根据“some fear in...heart”可知是他心里害怕，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。 16．句意：他心里有些害怕，就问理发师：“你为什么找我？”look for“寻找”，此处用现在分词和be动词构成过去进行时。故填looking。 17．句意：国王让我为他抓两只狮子。根据“catch two lions...him”可知是为他抓狮子，for“为了”。故填for。 18．句意：然后理发师拿出一面镜子，放在狮子的脸前。根据“took out a...and put it before the lion’s face”可知是拿出一面镜子，a后加可数名词单数mirror“镜子”。故填mirror。 19．句意：狮子看到了他的映像误以为是另一头狮子。根据“took out a...and put it before the lion’s face”可知是拿出一面镜子，镜子里有狮子的映像，reflection“映像”，此处用名词单数。故填reflection。 20．句意：于是狮子逃跑了，聪明的理发师继续赶路。前后是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 （二） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
be say skill from what other listen piece enough whether yourself important
A research shows that good listeners are more likely to do well at work and have more happiness. If you want to become a great listener, you should consider the following four 21 of advice on high-quality listening. The first is to pay attention to what others are 22 . There is a simple reason for people having trouble listening. They don’t have 23 patience to finish listening to others. Having the ability to understand others’ feelings 24 also helpful. You can try your best to put yourself in others’ shoes so that you can develop your listening skills. You should control your emotions (情绪), 25 they are good or bad. If you can’t control them, you will express 26 too early without letting the speakers make their points. Wait for the other person to finish. That is a simple exercise to keep your feelings and thoughts under control. Finally, show 27 you have been listening. It’s also 28 to show the other person that you have been paying attention to 29 he is saying. So when it’s your turn to speak, make sure that your talk includes the other person’s points. It is worth remembering that listening is not different 30 any other skills. We all need to practice skills of being a good listener. 21.__________ 22.__________ 23.__________ 24.__________ 25.__________ 26.__________ 27.__________ 28.__________ 29.__________ 30.__________ 【答案】 pieces 22．saying 23．enough 24．is 25．whether 26．yourself 27．others 28．important 29．what 30．from 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何成为一个优秀的倾听者。 21．句意：如果你想成为一个优秀的倾听者，你应该考虑以下四条关于高质量倾听的建议。根据“four...of advice”可知，此处指四条建议，应用piece“一条”的复数形式。故填pieces。 22．句意：首先是注意别人在说什么。根据“The first is to pay attention to what others are...”可知，此处指别人正在说的内容，应用现在进行时：be doing，故用say“说”的现在分词形式。故填saying。 23．句意：他们没有足够的耐心听完别人的话。根据“They don’t have...patience to finish listening to others.”可知，此处指“足够的耐心”，应用形容词enough“足够的”作定语修饰patience。故填enough。 24．句意：有能力理解别人的感受也是有帮助的。根据“Having the ability to understand others’ feelings...also helpful.”可知，此处为动名词作主语，be动词应用is。故填is。 25．句意：你应该控制你的情绪，不管它们是好是坏。根据“they are good or bad”可知，此处考查固定
搭配whether...or“无论是……还是……”。故填whether。 26．句意：如果你不能控制它们，你会过早地表达自己，而没有让说话者表达他们的观点。根据“If you can’t control them, you will express...too early without letting the speakers make their points.”可知，此处指过早地表达自己，应用反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。 27．句意：最后，让别人看到你一直在倾听。根据“The first is to pay attention to what others are...”可知，此处指向他人展示，应用others表示“其他人”。故填others。 28．句意：同样重要的是，让对方知道你一直在注意他说的话。根据“It’s also...to show the other person that you have been paying attention to...”可知，此处应用形容词important“重要的”作表语。故填important。 29．句意：同样重要的是，让对方知道你一直在注意他说的话。根据“paying attention to...he is saying”可知，此处指说的内容，应用what引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作宾语。故填what。 30．句意：值得记住的是，倾听和其它技能没有什么不同。根据“listening is not different”可知，此处考查形容词短语be different from“与……不同”。故填from。 （三） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 on with be one careful sell idea her but price since if
Luo Wenxiao is a 12-year-old student at Wuhan Wuluolu Middle School, Hubei. He posted an “advertisement” selling handwritten spring couplets (春联) and the fu (福) character on WeChat ___36___ Jan 10. He ___37___ praised by many people because of his excellent calligraphy (书法). In less than a month, he has ___38___ more than 100 pieces of work and earned over 800 yuan. And he donated all the money to poor and old people in his community. Luo came up with the ___39___ by himself. “I want people around me to feel the beauty of calligraphy (书法) and embrace (拥抱) traditional customs,” Luo said. His parents supported him. As he didn’t have a WeChat account, his mother let him use ___40___. They set each spring couplets’___41___ at 20 yuan and each fu character was 5 yuan. Luo has practiced calligraphy ___42___ two years ago. But this was the ___43___ time he wrote so many spring couplets. “I have never written so many spring couplets before and I have to write each character very ___44___. It will be a failure ____45____ it’s too big, too small or the distance between two characters is too close, ” Luo said. He is a perfectionist. “ Even if there was a small flaw (瑕疵), he would throw it away,” Luo’s mother, Ni Li said. Luo said that he learned a lot about Chinese culture and he would keep practicing calligraphy.
36.__________ 37.__________ 38.__________ 39.__________ 40.__________ 41.__________ 42.__________ 43.__________ 44.__________ 45.__________ 【答案】36. on 37. was 38. sold 39. idea 40. hers 41. price 42. since 43. first 44. carefully 45. if 【解析】：本文主要介绍了12岁的学生罗文晓通过在微信上卖春联和福字，帮助社区里的穷人和老人。 【36题详解】on 句意：1月10日，他在微信上发布了一则出售手写春联和福字的“广告”。空格后是具体的某一天，用介词on。故填on。 【37题详解】was 句意：他因其出色的书法而受到许多人的赞扬。根据“praised by many people”可知是被很多人表扬，用被动语态，根据“He posted...”可知句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是He，be动词用was。故填was。 【38题详解】sold 句意：在不到一个月的时间里，他卖出了100多件作品，赚了800多元。根据“more than 100 pieces of work and earned over 800 yuan”可知是卖了100多件作品，sell“卖”，此处用过去分词和has构成现在完成时。故填sold。 【39题详解】idea 句意：罗是自己想出这个主意的。根据“Luo came up with the...”可知是想出这个主意，此处用名词单数idea“想法”。故填idea。 【40题详解】hers 句意：由于他没有微信，他的母亲让他使用她的微信。根据“his mother let him use”可知他妈妈让他用她的微信，空格后无名词，此处用名词性物主代词hers“她的”。故填hers。 【41题详解】price 句意：他们把每个春联的价格定为20元，每个福字的价格是5元。根据“at 20 yuan and each fu character was 5 yuan”可知此处在价格，price“价格”，此处用名词原形。故填price。 【42题详解】since 句意：罗自两年前开始练习书法。根据“has practiced...two years ago”可知是自从两年前开始练习，since“自从”。故填since。 【43题详解】first 句意：但这是他第一次写这么多春联。根据“the...time he wrote so many spring couplets”可知这是他第一
次写这么多春联，first“第一”。故填first。 【44题详解】carefully 句意：我以前从来没有写过这么多春联，我必须把每个字都写得很好/很仔细。根据“I have to write each character very”可知每个字都要写好或者写得认真，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填carefully。 【45题详解】 if 句意：如果它太大、太小或两个字符之间的距离太近，那就是失败。“it’s too big, too small or the distance between two characters is too close”是“It will be a failure”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 （四） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 trouble at before kid enough increase terrible later bad the and realize
Eyes are important. However, many people around the world are suffering from all kinds of illnesses of eyes and their eyes are getting ____36____ . The World Health Organization had just given out ____37____ first World Report on Vision (视力). It said that 65 million people could get their vision back with a cataract (白内障) operation. Over 800 million people have ____38____ doing everyday activities because they can’t afford a pair of glasses. What’s more, according to news from the Ministry of Education (教育部), the population of nearsightedness (近视) among Chinese teenagers ____39____ to 53.6% in 2018. How ____40____ the number is! In the face of this problem, the best way is always to stop it from happening at the very beginning instead of solving it ____41____. Besides, what is needed is to make more people ____42____ the importance of protecting eyes, especially among children. Hope that they will rest their eyes in time ____43____ it is too late. So the government sets new rules to stop ____44____ from developing nearsightedness. This goal will be achieved through the efforts of everyone. The government has also asked schools to provide more time for P.E class. It will greatly help to make sure that students will have _____45_____ time during the school days to do sports. 【答案】36worse 37. the 38. trouble 39. increased 40. terrible 41. later 42. realize 43. before 44. kids 45. enough 【解析】：本文主要讲述了保护眼睛的重要性。
【36题详解】worse 句意：然而，世界各地的许多人都患有各种各样的眼睛疾病，而且他们的眼睛正在恶化。根据“suffering from all kinds of illnesses of eyes”可知，此空指更严重，使用形容词比较级，worse“更严重的”。故填worse。 【37题详解】the 句意：世界卫生组织刚刚发布了第一份关于视力的世界报告。根据“first World Report”可知，此空使用定冠词the修饰序数词，表示“第一”。故填the。 【38题详解】trouble 句意：超过8亿人在日常活动中遇到困难，因为他们买不起一副眼镜。根据“have…doing everyday activities because they can’t afford a pair of glasses”可知，have trouble/difficulty doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填trouble。 【39题详解】increased 句意：此外，根据教育部的消息，2018年，中国青少年近视人口增加到53.6%。根据“to 53.6% in 2018”可知，此空指增加到，使用increase“增加”，使用动词过去式。故填increased。 【40题详解】terrible 句意：这个数字太可怕了！根据“How…the number is!”可知，此句为感叹句，How+形容词+主语+谓语！结合“the population of nearsightedness (近视) among Chinese teenagers…to 53.6% in 2018.”，此空指可怕的，terrible“可怕的”。故填terrible。 【41题详解】later 句意：面对这个问题，最好的办法总是在一开始就阻止它发生，而不是以后再解决它。根据“from happening”可知，此空指以后，later“以后”，为副词。故填later。 【42题详解】realize 句意：因此，我们需要让更多的人了解保护眼睛的重要性，尤其是在儿童中。根据“make more people…the importance of protecting eyes”可知，此处指让学生了解保护眼睛的重要性，make sb. do“让某人做”，此空使用动词原形。故填realize。 【43题详解】before 句意：希望他们能及时让眼睛休息一下，以免为时已晚。根据“Hope that they will rest their eyes in time…it is too late.”可知，此空指在……之前，使用before引导时间状语从句。故填before。 【44题详解】kids 句意：因此，政府制定了新的规定来阻止学生近视。根据“stop…from developing”可知，stop sb. from doing“阻止某人做某事”，此空指学生或者孩子，使用名词复数。故填kids。 45题详解】enough 句意：这将大大有助于确保学生在上学期间有足够的时间做运动。根据“during the school days to do sports”
可知，此空指足够的，enough“足够的”，为形容词作定语修饰名词。故填enough。 （五） 短文填空（本大题有10小题, 每小题1.5分, 共15分） 请用适当的词完成下列的短文。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 for question circle learn with many ask what a(n) but you teach
Long ago, there lived a learned man in Greece. He was well-known 36 his wide knowledge. And lots of people from all over the country came to 37 things from him. The great man taught his students with all his heart and answered their questions with patience. One day a student 38 him,“My dear teacher, didn’t you say you yourself have many more questions than we do But we think we students have a lot more than you. ” With 39 smile, the teacher drew two circles—one is as large as a big plate(盘子), and the other is smaller. “Of course, I’ve learned much more, 40 I don’t think I know all you know. Now, look at these two 41 . Inside the big one is my knowledge of things, and inside the smaller one is 42 . Out of the circles is 413 we don’t know. My circle is larger, so its line is longer. That means I have more opportunities to meet with what we don’t know. And that’s why I myself have more 44 than you do. The more you learn, the 45 questions you’ll have. You will never learn enough, you know. ” 【答案】36. for 37. learn 38. asked 39. a 40.But 41. circles 42. yours 43.what 44. questions 45. more 【详解】：短文属于记叙文。讲述了古代一个有学问的老师的故事。他用形象的 方式说明自己的问题比学生多，表现了他博学、谦虑 【小题36】be well-known for“因……而出名”。 【小题37】因为他知识渊博，人们向他学习。learn…from…“向某人学习…” 【小题38】跟后面“My dear teacher, didn’t you say you yourself have many more questions than we do 可知女孩在问问题；用ask；指过去的事情，用过去式。 【小题39】据上下文，可知这个老师博学、有耐心，因此可猜测这里使用a；介词短语with a smile做状语“微笑着”。 【小题40】表示转折关系，用连词but。 【小题41】 根据上文“the teacher drew two circles—one is as large as a big plate(盘子), and the other is smaller.”，可知填circles。
【小题42】根据上文“Inside the big one is my knowledge of things”，可知填yours。 【小题43】 句意：圈子外面是我们不知道的东西。表语从句，what we don’t know。 【小题44】句意：这就是为什么我自己比你有更多的问题。 【小题45】与上句意思衔接，意思是：知道的越多，问题就越多。the+比较级，the+bj比较级，表示“越…就越….”,故填more。