【精品解析】湖南省长沙市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题

湖南省长沙市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题
一、第一部分听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） When does the swimming lesson start
A．At 4:30. B．At 4:45. C．At 5:15.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Mary! It's half past four! Hurry up! You are always wasting too much time.
W: I don't think we need to. We still have fifteen minutes before the swimming lesson starts.
【分析】题意：游泳课什么时候开始 根据听力内容 Mary! It's half past four! 玛丽!现在是四点半! We still have fifteen minutes
before the swimming lesson starts.离游泳课开始还有十五分钟。可知选项At 4:45.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词 have fifteen minutes before the
swimming lesson starts.和关键句 l am caught in traffic. 来选出正确选项。
2．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） Why is the man late
A．Because of the heavy traffic.
B．Because of the bad weather.
C．Because of a basketball match.
【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: It 's Tom，Mum. I'll be home late. I'm afraid l am caught in traffic.
W: Oh，what a pity—you'll miss the basketball match tonight. Do you have an umbrella It's going to rain.
【分析】题意：这个男人为什么迟到了 根据听力内容 I'll be home late. I'm afraid l am caught in traffic. 我要晚点回家。恐怕我被堵在路上了。可知选项 Because of the heavy traffic. 符合题意；故答案为A。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 l am caught in traffic.来选出正确选项。
3．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） What is the woman good at
A．Singing. B．Playing the piano. C．Playing the drums.
【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Do you sing or play a musical instrument
W: Well，I did study piano as a child，but I gave it up. I'm afraid I can 't sing either， but l play the drums quite well.
【分析】题意：这个女士擅长什么 根据听力内容l play the drums quite well. 我的鼓打得很好。可知选项Playing the drums.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句l play the drums quite well.来选出正确选项。
4．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） What kind of movies does the woman probably like
A．Action movies. B．Comedy movies. C．Romantic movies.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: That film is so disappointing. I don't like the action scenes and the love story is so boring.
W: l agree. I like movies that give me a good laugh.
M: OK. No more car-racing or war movies for us!
【分析】题意：这位女士可能喜欢什么样的电影 根据听力内容W: l agree. I like movies that give me a good laugh. 我同意。我喜欢能让我开怀大笑的电影。可知选项Comedy movies.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 I like movies that give me
a good laugh.来选出正确选项。
5．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） What does the man think of the training
A．Disappointing. B．Satisfying. C．Worrying.
【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: How was the training
M: The training was a great opportunity. I learned a lot.
W: I'm glad you see it that way. Not a lot of people take a positive attitude towards training.
【分析】题意：男士认为训练怎么样 根据听力内容M: The training was a great opportunity. I learned a lot. 培训是一个很好的机会。我学到了很多。可知选项Satisfying.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 I learned a lot.来选出正确选项。
二、第一部分听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
6．Which is the special offer today
A．Bacon. B．Chicken rolls. C．Fried eggs.
7．What does the woman probably do
A．A waitress. B．A cook. C．A salesperson.
【答案】6．B
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Good morning. What can I do for you，sir
M: Can l see the menu. please What's today's special
W: Chicken rolls. We also have delicious soup noodles with seafood.
M: That sounds good. I'll have those two.
W: Would you like anything else
M: Yes，I'd like bacon，a fried egg with buttered toast and a bottle of Coke. That's all.
【分析】这是一段餐厅点菜的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词Chicken rolls.和关键句来选出正确选项。
6．题意：今天的特色菜是什么 根据听力内容今天的特色菜是什么 W:W: Chicken rolls. We also have delicious soup noodles with
seafood.鸡肉卷。我们还有美味的海鲜汤面。 可知选项Chicken rolls.符合题意；故答案为B。
7．题意：女士可能是做什么职业的 根据听力内容W: Good morning. What can I do for you，sir 早上好。我能为您做些什么，先生 W: Chicken rolls. We also have delicious soup noodles with seafood.鸡肉卷。我们还有美味的海鲜汤面。W:Would you like anything else 还要点别的吗 可知选项A waitress.符合题意；故答案为A。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
8．What is the man trying to do
A．Make an appointment with a doctor.
B．Ask the woman for some advice.
C．Complain about a doctor.
9．What will the man probably do next
A．Take more medicine.
B．Avoid working too hard.
C．See the doctor right away.
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello. Peace Clinic. Can I help you
M: Yes, this is Jimmy Carter.
w: What's wrong with you，Mr. Carter
M: l saw Dr. Brown last week. She gave me medicine and advised me to take things easy. But now I feel even worse, so l wonder if l can see her tomorrow.
W: I'm afraid not. She's fully booked tomorrow，but there's an opening at 3 this afternoon.
M: Oh，no. I have to work at that moment.
W: Well，you shouldn't be working so hard. That might be part of the problem.
M: Thank you. I'll adjust myself. If l don't get better，I'll go to see the doctor again.
【分析】这是一段预约看病的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句you shouldn't be working
so hard. That might be part of the problem.l wonder if l can see her tomorrow.来选出正确选项。
8．题意：男士想要做什么 根据听力内容M: l saw Dr. Brown last week. She gave me medicine and advised me to take things
easy. But now I feel even worse, so l wonder if l can see her tomorrow. 我上周去看了布朗医生。她给我开了药，并劝我不要着急。但现在我感觉更糟了，所以我想明天能不能见她。可知选项Make an appointment with a doctor.符合题意；故答案为A。
9．题意：男士接下来可能会做什么 根据听力内容W: Well，you shouldn't be working so hard. That might be part of the problem. 嗯，你不应该这么努力工作。这可能是问题的一部分。M: Thank you. I'll adjust myself. If l don't get better，I'll go to see the
doctor again.谢谢。我会调整自己的。如果我没有好转，我就再去看医生。可知选项Avoid working too hard.符合题意；故答案为B。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
10．How does John feel about Amy's poetry
A．It is very classic.
B．It is very romantic.
C．It is very unique.
11．When is the conversation probably taking place
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Thursday.
12．What topic of poetry will the speakers read about this Thursday
A．Love. B．Nature. C．Friendship.
13．Whose works will the speakers read this week
A．John Keats'.
B．Emily Dickinson's.
C．William Wordsworth's.
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Amy! Are you ready to get up on stage and read your poetry
W: l don't know，John. I'm quite nervous about it.
M: Don't worry! Your words are some of the best I've ever read. Your poetry is very different. The way you describe people is very special and creative.
W: Thank you，John. So, if I did feel confident enough，when would l be reading
M: Well，we have two poetry readings，on Tuesday night and Thursday night.
W: Thursday would be better. It gives me three days to practice.
M: Good. On Thursday，we'll share poetry about nature. Are you OK with it
w: I mainly write on love and friendship，but I did write some on nature，so the topic is OK.
M: Good. And after we read our poetry，we will read from classic works. We read John Keats last week. But for this week，we're still deciding between Emily Dickinson and William Wordsworth.
W: How about Emily Dickinson She inspired me a lot.
M: Sure. Let's read her works this week.
【分析】这是一段关于学校举行诗歌朗诵活动的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句Your poetry is very
different.来选出正确选项。
10．题意：约翰觉得艾米的诗怎么样 根据听力内容Your words are some of the best I've ever read. Your poetry is very different.
The way you describe people is very special and creative. 你的语言是我读过的最好的。你的诗很不一样。你描述人的方式很特别，很有创意。可知选项It is very unique.符合题意；故答案为C。
11．题意：对话可能发生在什么时候 根据听力内容W: Thursday would be better. It gives me three days to practice. 星期四比较好。我有三天的时间练习。可知选项On Monday.符合题意；故答案为A。
12．题意：本周四演讲者将读什么主题的诗歌 根据听力内容On Thursday，we'll share poetry about nature. Are you OK with it 周四，我们将分享关于自然的诗歌。你觉得可以吗 可知选项Nature.符合题意；故答案为B。
13．题意：这周演讲者将朗读谁的作品 根据听力内容W: How about Emily Dickinson She inspired me a lot. 艾米丽·狄金森怎么样 她给了我很多启发。M: Sure. Let's read her works this week.当然。本周让我们一起来读她的作品。可知选项Emily Dickinson's.符合题意；故答案为B。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
14．What does the woman just want to buy first
A．A few rocks.
B．A small bottle.
C．Some beautiful fish.
15．Where does the conversation most probably take place
A．At home. B．On a flight. C．In a shop.
16．Why should a few rocks be put into the tank according to the man
A．To decorate the tank.
B．To keep the water clean.
C．To allow the fish to swim around.
17．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．Keep the fish in a round bottle.
B．Compare the prices of fishes.
C．Put some underwater plants in the tank.
【答案】14．C
15．A
16．C
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: l saw a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I'm thinking of buying some next Sunday.
M: Where would you keep them
W: In that round bottle over there.
M: It's a bit small，isn't it
W: So are the fish.
M: l think you should get a tank if you want to keep fish.
W: Really
M: Yes. You should never keep fish in a small round bottle. They don't get chough air. I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank.
W: That might be quite expensive.
M: Check the prices before you buy one. And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them.
W: Is there anything else that I ought to get
M: Yes，you need to get some underwater plants. They keep the water clean. Also they make the tank look much prettier.
【分析】这是一段夫妻两个商议在家养鱼的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句you need to get some
underwater plants.来选出正确选项。
14．题意：女士想先买什么 根据听力内容W: l saw a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I'm thinking of buying some next Sunday. 前几天我在市场上看到一条很漂亮的鱼。它是橙色和蓝色的。我想下星期天买一些。可知选项Some beautiful fish..符合题意；故答案为 C。
15．题意：对话最有可能发生在哪里 根据听力内容 M:Where would you keep them 你会把它们放在哪里 W:In that round bottle
over there.在那边的圆瓶子里。可知选项At home..符合题意；故答案为A。
16．题意：根据男士的说法，为什么要往水箱里放一些石头 根据听力内容And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish
love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them. 你应该在水箱里放几块大石头。鱼喜欢在岩石周围游泳，穿过岩石上的洞。可知选项To allow the fish to swim around.符合题意；故答案为C。
17．题意：男士建议女士做什么 根据听力内容you need to get some underwater plants. They keep the water clean. Also they
make the tank look much prettier. 你需要一些水下植物。他们保持水的清洁。而且它们让鱼缸看起来更漂亮。可知选项Put some underwater plants in the tank.符合题意；故答案为 C。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
18．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Librarians. B．Freshmen. C．Teachers.
19．What is scheduled in the first week
A．Some talks. B．Some games. C．Some tours.
20．What do we know about the library computers
A．They are connected to printers.
B．They are limited in number.
C．They have access to the Internet.
【答案】18．B
19．A
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】M: Well，first of all，welcome to Cardiff University. Now， as a new student at the university，you will probably need some sort of guidance to help you to use the library. Some of you have asked about a guided tour but we find this rather confuses people. So，in this first week，we run a series of talks.
OK，now let me give you an outline of what's available to you. You'll find that the computers are increasingly used as a research tool. The library computers are permanently online. Having found what you need，you'll find you can readily save texts on your personal computer space to print off when you need them.
Naturally we do still have a full range of classic reference books for you to use. But you can just keep them for a certain time so that they will not disappear from the shelves for too long.
【分析】这是一段向大一新生介绍学校图书馆使用的独白。
【点评】考查独白。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词a series of talks和关键句The library
computers are permanently online.来选出正确选项。
18．题意：说话者在和谁说话 根据听力内容 as a new student at the university，you will probably need some sort of guidance
to help you to use the library.作为一名大学新生，你可能需要一些指导来帮助你使用图书馆。 可知选项Freshmen.符合题意；故答案为B。
19．题意：第一周安排了什么 根据听力内容in this first week，we run a series of talks. 在第一周，我们进行了一系列的演讲。可知选项Some talks.符合题意；故答案为A。
20．题意：我们对图书馆的电脑了解多少 根据听力内容The library computers are permanently online. Having found what you
need，you'll find you can readily save texts on your personal computer space to print off when you need them. 图书馆的电脑永远在线。找到你需要的东西后，你会发现你可以很容易地将文本保存在你的个人电脑空间，以便在需要的时候打印出来。可知选项They have access to the Internet..符合题意；故答案为C。
三、第二部分阅读，第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Family: Poems-by Mr. Keith Keenan
·Kindle $ 0. 00, Hardcover $ 12. 50, Paperback $ 7. 00
The poet describes personal thoughts and feelings in a lyrical journey to understand and celebrate his family."Family"looks at living honestly in places， not illusions. Figurative language，a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work.
Time to Heal一by Alexandra Vasiliu
·Kindle $ 9. 99, Hardcover $ 21. 94， Paperback $ 12. 64
From the best-selling author comes an inspirational poetry book about love, healing,and growth. It is a reminder to strive to change for the better. Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations, it's a great companion when you need to embrace self-love and personal transformation.
Seeds from a Birch Tree -一by Clark Strand
·Kindle $ 9.99，Hardcover $ 26.80，Paperback $ 16. 95
Seeds From a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message is simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons- seventeen syllables at a time. With its mix of poetry and memoir(回忆录)，the book guides us to the joy hidden in plain sight, leading us to get into a good state of body and mind.
A Poem for Every Day一by Allie Esiri
·Kindle $ 9.99, Hardcover $ 28. 05, Audio CD $ 18. 05
This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates- funny for April Fool's Day, festive for Christmas. This is the perfect gift for poetry lovers of all ages. These poems are informative, peaceful, and energetic!
There are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here.
21．How much will you pay if you buy a hardcover edition of Seeds from a Birch Tree
A．$ 12.50. B．$21.94. C．$ 26.80. D．$ 28.05.
22．What do we know about the books mentioned above
A．Family: Poems features plain language.
B．Time to Heal features colorful illustrations.
C．Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses on human nature.
D．A Poem for Every Day focuses on festive celebrations.
23．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A website. B．A magazine.
C．A book review. D．A travel brochure.
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了几本将售卖的书。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
21．细节理解题。根据 Seeds from a Birch Tree -一by Clark Strand ·Kindle $ 9.99，Hardcover $ 26.80，Paperback $ 16. 95
可知精装的需要$ 26.80。 故答案为 C。
22．推理判断题。根据 Figurative language，a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work.比喻性的语言，对隐喻的热爱和鲜明的形象都使诗歌发挥了作用。可知Family: Poems这本书语言生动形象；根据 Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations拥有超过130首振奋人心的诗歌和黑白插图，可知Time to Heal 这本书的特点是黑白插图；根据Seeds From a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message is simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons- seventeen syllables at a time. 《桦树的种子》将自然变成了一条精神之路。它的信息很简单：Haiku教导我们跟随季节回归自然——一次17个音节。可知Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses 这本书关注的是人与自然；根据This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates- funny for April Fool's Day, festive for Christmas. 这本有声书收录了366首诗，这些诗都与重要的日子有关——愚人节的搞笑，圣诞节的喜庆。可知A Poem for Every Day 这本书关注的是节日庆典。故答案为D。
23．推理判断题。根据 here are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here.亚马逊上有大量的诗集。更多信息，请点击这里。可知这篇文章可能来源于网络； 故答案为 A。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22，he started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap(废弃的) metal found in his community.
Phiri's father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class.
After graduating, he did what he could to support himself by making animal sculptures from wires and sold them to tourists. His work was so popular that it caught the eye of Karen Beattie, director of Project Luangwa， a nonprofit organization dedicated to education and economic development in central Africa.
"I introduced him to a local welder(焊工),"Beattie told Newsweek .
In 2017，Phiri worked with welder Moses Mbewe during the rainy season, helping to make a complex set of doors for Project Luangwa. The piece sparked an idea in Beattie's mind:"I handed him a bunch of scrap metal and said,‘ Make something with this.'And he did. It was wonderful."
Today, Phiri continues his art, using pieces of junk people bring him-keys, broken bike chains, old metal plugs and whatever scrap metal is lying around. He then turns the junk into abstract animals- elephants， cranes， giraffes， chameleons- and sells them at Project Luangwa headquarters. The community has recognized his talents.
"My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,"Phiri said,"and then to make very large sculptures. "
24．What is Phiri known for
A．Serving his community. B．Collecting works of art.
C．Being the king of Zambia. D．Turning trash into treasure.
25．What can we learn about Phiri from paragraph 2
A．He had an unhappy childhood.
B．He paid for his primary schooling.
C．He had to support his grandfather.
D．He missed school to do part-time jobs.
26．How does Phiri feel about his future
A．Uncertain. B．Confident. C．Depressed. D．Satisfied.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Successful Path of Art
B．The Junk-art King of Zambia
C．A Young Man's Wildest Dream
D．The Modern Junk Works of Art
【答案】24．D
25．A
26．B
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】展示一篇记叙文。讲述了赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王，弗雷德里克·菲里的成长之路。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
24．推理判断题。根据 Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22，he started to earn an international reputation
for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap(废弃的) metal found in his community.弗雷德里克·菲里是赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王:年仅22岁的他就因能够用在社区里发现的废金属制作复杂而优雅的雕塑而享誉国际。可知他出名是因为他 变垃圾为宝优秀的艺术品（珍品）；故答案为 D。
25．推理判断题。根据Phiri's father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to
stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class. 菲里的父亲在他刚上小学的时候就去世了。后来他的母亲抛弃了他，他不得不和他的祖父住在一起。他的祖父供他上小学，但当他上中学时，他不得不做各种各样的工作来支付学费。然而即使在学校，他也总是在课堂上画画和做东西。可知他有一个不幸的童年；故答案为A。
26．推理判断题。根据 "My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,"Phiri said,"and then to make very large sculptures. ""我的梦想是赚到足够的钱，在卢萨卡的伊夫林·霍恩学院学习艺术，并以此谋生，"菲里说，"然后制作非常大的雕塑。"可知他对自己的未来充满了信心； 故答案为 B。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：总分，第一段Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22，he started to earn an
international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap(废弃的) metal found in his
community.弗雷德里克·菲里是赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王:年仅22岁的他就因能够用在社区里发现的废金属制作复杂而优雅的雕塑而享誉国际。可知这篇文章主要介绍赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王，弗雷德里克·菲里；故答案为B。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Whom should you marry Where should you live How should you spend your time For centuries，people have relied on their gut instincts( 直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is a better way. We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.
There has long been overwhelming- and often surprising- evidence that algorithms(算法) can be much better than people at making difficult decisions. Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on,and how things turn out. They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail( 监狱)or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.
The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball ，baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts(物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and better than managers at picking strategies. In finance， the hedge fund( 避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically defeated competitors by seeking out patterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.
These are the early days of the data revolution in decision-making. I am not claiming that we can completely outsource(外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now.
28．What makes people better at finding answers to life-changing questions
A．People's better gut instincts. B．Changed human behavior.
C．The modern information era. D．Various courses accessible.
29．According to paragraph 2, algorithms might NOT defeat people in____.
A．court rulings . B．job promotions
C．operative estimations D．teaching practices
30．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．The plot of the movie Moneyball is related to successful data analysis.
B．Scouts and managers are not needed in successful baseball teams.
C．The hedge fund Renaissance Technologies had some financial problems.
D．Tech firms in Silicon Valley mainly relied on data to design websites.
31．Which of the following will the author most probably agree with
A．The modern information era is mature enough to take advantage of .
B．People should outsource all the lifestyle choices to algorithms.
C．With big data people can learn from countless similar examples.
D．Face-to-face consultation will be the major trend in the future.
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．A
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了在大数据的时代背景下我们可以利用大数据提供的各种案例帮助我们解决困难。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
28．细节理解题。根据Whom should you marry Where should you live How should you spend your time For centuries people
have relied on their gut instincts( 直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is
a better way. We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.你应该和谁结婚 你应该住在哪里 你应该如何度过你的时间 几个世纪以来，人们一直依靠自己的直觉来寻找这些改变生活的问题的答案。不过，现在有了更好的办法。我们正生活在一个数据爆炸的时代，关于人类行为各个方面的大量信息变得越来越容易获取。我们可以利用这些大数据来帮助确定绘制地图的最佳路线。可知在现代信息时代里我们可以利用这些大数据来寻找改变人生的问题的答案； 故答案为 C 。
29．推理判断题。根据 They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges
at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail( 监狱)or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient
should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.例如，他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是应该留在监狱还是释放时，会比法官做得更好;在决定病人是否应该接受手术方面比医生做得更好;而且比学校校长更擅长决定哪些老师应该升职。可知算法在根据固定模式和规章制度方面很有优势，但在教学实践活动中就不一定了能够比老师强了；故答案为D。
30．细节理解题。根据 The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball ，baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts(物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and
better than managers at picking strategies. In finance， the hedge fund( 避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically
defeated competitors by seeking out patterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.数据分析的力量在体育和商业领域也得到了证明。正如书和电影《点球成金》所述，棒球队发现算法在挑选球员方面比球探好，在挑选策略方面比经理好。在金融领域，对冲基金文艺复兴科技公司通过从股市数据中寻找规律，并利用这些规律制定投资策略，戏剧性地击败了竞争对手。硅谷的科技公司发现，实验数据比设计师更能帮助他们了解如何设计网站。可知电影《点球成金》的情节与成功的数据分析有关；故答案为 A。
31．推理判断题。根据 I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence
mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now.相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询从成千上万与我们面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策。我们现在就能做到。可知作者会赞成有了大数据，人们可以从无数类似的例子中学习；故答案为 C。
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. Scientists have urged people to stop"spraying their gardens with poisons"in order to halt bird decline and adopt instead wildlife- friendly practices. The results of the University of Sussex study, which researchers call the first of its kind, were published in the journal Science ofthe Total Environment.
The experiment， which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain， found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate(草甘 膦) was used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide(除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup. Slug pellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂) also seemed to have an impact on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used，house sparrow numbers were down by almost 40% .
Prof. Dave Goulson, of the school of life sciences at the University of Sussex, said,"The UK has 22 million gardens, which collectively could be a fantastic refuge for wildlife,but not if they are overly tidy and sprayed with poisons. We just don't need pesticides in our gardens. Many towns around the world are now pesticide free. We should simply ban the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France."The Royal Horticultural Society, the UK's leading gardening charity, said the use of pesticides and herbicides should be avoided if possible and they should only be used， if ever， in small and targeted applications.
The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native shrubs and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. Cannelle Tassin de Montaigu， a PhD researcher within the school of life sciences and an author of the study， said, "It's encouraging to find that simple measures,such as planting native shrubs and trees and creating a pond, together with avoiding the use of pesticides, really make a measurable difference to the number of birds you will see in your garden.
32．What does the underlined word"halt" in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Stop. B．Attract. C．Note. D．Witness.
33．Why are the statistics mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To reveal the severe influence of pesticides on birds.
B．To compare the effects of two kinds of pesticides.
C．To convince readers of the importance of house sparrows.
D．To help gardeners choose the proper pesticides.
34．What can be inferred from Prof. Dave Goulson's words
A．The ideal places for wildlife in the UK are extremely tidy gardens.
B．The gardens in the UK are so tidy that pesticides are not needed.
C．Pesticides should be prohibited from use throughout the UK.
D．Some countries like France have made urban areas pesticide free.
35．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Alternative methods to keep gardens tidy.
B．Assistant ways to increase the number of birds.
C．Gardeners' attitudes towards the experiment.
D．Other researchers' interest in the experiment.
【答案】32．A
33．A
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；科普类；环境保护类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了农药会导致鸟类数量下降，禁止使用农药，然后采用增加鸟类的辅助措施可以恢复鸟类的数量。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答词义猜测题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
32．词义猜测题。根据上文 Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. 一项研究表明，使用杀虫剂的园丁正在导致英国鸣禽数量的减少。以及Scientists have urged people to stop"spraying their gardens with poisons"科学家敦促人们停止"向花园喷洒毒药"可知他们要求这样做的目的是阻止鸟类的减少，halt 的意思为：阻止，中断；故答案为 A。
33．主旨大意题。根据The experiment， which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain， found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate(草甘 膦) was
used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide(除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup. Slug
pellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂) also seemed to have an impact on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used，house
sparrow numbers were down by almost 40% .这项调查了英国615个花园的实验发现，定期使用草甘膦可以减少25%的家麻雀。这是一种在常用除草剂品牌中发现的成分。蛞蝓颗粒似乎也对鸟类目击有影响;在使用鼻涕虫颗粒的花园中，麻雀的数量下降了近40%。 可知这些统计数据揭示农药对鸟类的严重影响；故答案为 A。
34．推理判断题。根据 We should simply ban the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France.我们应该效仿法国，干脆禁止在城市地区使用这些毒药。可知像法国这样的一些国家已经实现了城市地区无农药；故答案为D。
35．主旨大意题。根据The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native shrubs and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. 研究还发现，那些采取野生动物友好措施的人，如种植本地灌木和鲜花，或挖掘野生动物池塘，比那些没有这样做的人看到更多的鸟。可知建议人们采用一些增加鸟类数量的辅助方法；故答案为B。
四、第二部分阅读，第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
余选项。
There are things we all do, or don't do, that lead us to waste far more time than we realize in the moment. The biggest time regret, I think, is dwelling on(沉湎于) mistakes and shortcomings.
　36． 　 In a study, researchers asked subjects to spend money during an imaginary trip to the mall. Before "shopping", some subjects were asked to recall a past financial mistake.They found those subjects were more likely to incur(招致) debt. Dwelling made them feel like a failure and told them there was no need to try, because they already sucked. So, they got further into debt when already feeling like an overspender. Of course, we don't want to skip over our mistakes or ignore them either.　37． 　
I also missed too much for fear of my own shortcomings.　38． 　I wanted to travel after high school, but I went to university close to home instead, because I was too shy to meet new people and was afraid I couldn't make it in another city. After university, I wanted to be a writer, but I decided to find a more stable，accessible job instead, because that's easier.　39． 　I decided to find work I actually enjoyed, travel more and live somewhere else. I made a ton of mistakes along the way, but the bigger mistake was not trying sooner.
　40． 　So, never beat yourself up over your mistakes and shortcomings. The sooner you learn from them, the sooner you can free up your time and energy to live the life you want.
A. Eventually, I got tired of this.
B. Regret is another big waste of time.
C. I was doing it for the wrong reason that I was afraid to fail.
D. For years, I stayed in a comfortable place, doing things I disliked.
E. The goal is to learn something from them, and then release the failure.
F. When you finally relate it to your own past experiences, it probably becomes easier.
G. Dwelling on mistakes wastes time and, worse still， makes us more likely to repeat mistakes.
【答案】36．G；37．E；38．D；39．A；40．B
【知识点】七选五；人生百味类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】展示一篇议论文。论述了我们不应该浪费时间沉湎于错误和失败，应该越早从中吸取教训，就越早腾出时间和精力去过你想要的生活。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
36．根据上文 The biggest time regret, I think, is dwelling on(沉湎于) mistakes and shortcomings.我认为，人生最大的遗憾，就是沉湎于错误和缺点。以及下文 In a study, researchers asked subjects to spend money during an imaginary trip to the mall. Before"shopping", some subjects were asked to recall a past financial mistake.They found those subjects were more likely to incur(招致) debt. Dwelling made them feel like a failure and told them there was no need to try, because they already sucked. So, they got further into debt when already feeling like an overspender. 在一项研究中，研究人员要求受试者在想象的购物中心之旅中花钱。在"购物"之前，一些研究对象被要求回忆过去的一次经济错误。他们发现，这些人更有可能招致债务。停留让他们觉得自己很失败，告诉他们没有必要再努力了，因为他们已经很糟糕了。因此，当他们进一步负债时感觉自己像一个过度消费者。可知空白处需要过渡句：沉湎于错误会让我们更容易重复错误；选项G. Dwelling on mistakes wastes time and, worse still，makes
us more likely to repeat mistakes.总想着错误会浪费时间，更糟糕的是，会让我们更容易重复错误。符合题意；故答案为G。
37．根据上文 Of course, we don't want to skip over our mistakes or ignore them either.当然，我们也不想跳过或忽略我们的错误。可知空白处需要总结性的语句：我们要总结错误的原因，然后继续向前；选项E. The goal is to learn something from them, and
then release the failure.我们的目标是从失败中吸取教训，然后释放失败。总符合题意；故答案为E。
38．根据上文I also missed too much for fear of my own shortcomings.我也因为害怕自己的缺点而错过了太多。以及下文I wanted
to travel after high school, but I went to university close to home instead, because I was too shy to meet new people and was afraid I couldn't make it in another city. After university, I wanted to be a writer, but I decided to find a more stable，accessible job instead, because that's easier.高中毕业后我想去旅行，但是我去了离家很近的大学，因为我太害羞了，不敢认识新朋友，也害怕我在另一个城市过不下去。大学毕业后，我想成为一名作家，但我决定找一份更稳定、更容易找到的工作，因为那样更容易。可知空白处需要过渡句：我过去这些年错过了或者做了…… 选项D. For years, I stayed in a comfortable place, doing things I
disliked.多年来，我呆在一个舒适的地方，做着我不喜欢的事情。符合题意；故答案为D。
39．根据下文 I decided to find work I actually enjoyed, travel more and live somewhere else. I made a ton of mistakes along the
way, but the bigger mistake was not trying sooner.我决定找一份我真正喜欢的工作，多旅行，住在别的地方。我在这条路上犯了很多错误，但更大的错误是没有尽早尝试。可知空白处需要过渡句：最后，我觉得这种生活很无趣；选项A. Eventually, I got tired of
this.最终，我厌倦了这一切。符合题意；故答案为A。
40．根据下文So, never beat yourself up over your mistakes and shortcomings. The sooner you learn from them, the sooner you
can free up your time and energy to live the life you want.所以，永远不要因为自己的错误和缺点而自责。你越早从中吸取教训，你就能越早腾出时间和精力去过你想要的生活。可知这一段的主题句为：不要浪费时间去后悔自责；选项B. Regret is another big
waste of time.后悔是另一种浪费时间的方式。符合题意；故答案为B。
五、第三部分语言运用，第一节(共15小题;每小题 1分,满分 15分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town. The little 41． houses face the sea. The sunlight warms their beauty. But, look carefully and you'll see many things that 42． ... but they're not.
This fishing village is full of trompe l'oeil- an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While some flowers die, others live for years. Why Because they're 43． on the building!
Trompe l'oeil has been around for centuries. 44． ，Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs，so that they could see their homes 45． from the water. Then, in the 1700s，it became a way to make small, simple buildings look 46． and high-valued.
And today There are still many trompe l'oeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists are 47． to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to make a business out of it.
His 48． are often people who want to improve their home's 49． .But for Carlo,trompe l'oeil's purpose is to bring something 50． to a new place, such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the cities.
Carlo's painting style 51． the past. He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so for one reason: to protect the trompe I'oeil 52． . He also believes this art should be 53． everywhere.
Fortunately, in Camogli, local art and culture are still 54． . But remember，don't always 55． your eyes!
41．A． colored B． crowded C． damp D． wooden
42．A． fancy B． novel C． real D． valuable .
43．A． carved B． pressed C． painted D． planted
44．A． Creatively B． Mistakenly C． Frequently D． Originally
45．A． closely B． easily C． happily D． hopefully
46．A． comfortable B． complicated C． grand D． harmonious
47．A． allowed B． available C． responsible D． introduced
48．A． designers B． followers C． customers D． partners
49．A． appearance B． capacity C． convenience D． privacy
50．A． civilized B． faraway C． natural D． unexpected
51．A． comes from B． brings about
C． goes against D． leaves out
52．A． artists B． buildings C． pictures D． traditions
53．A． accepted B． discussed C． learned D． seen
54．A． changing B． alive C． diverse D． unique
55．A． believe B． block C． widen D． cheat
【答案】41．A；42．C；43．C；44．D；45．B；46．C；47．B；48．C；49．A；50．D；51．A；52．D；53．D；54．B；55．A
【知识点】说明文；文学艺术类；人文地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在意大利诞生于卡莫格利的错视画的发展。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意： 彩色的小房子面朝大海。根据 Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成鲜艳的颜色和不同寻常的图案，可知卡莫格利的居民的房子是彩色的； A： colored 彩色的，B： crowded拥挤的， C： damp潮湿的， D： wooden 木质的；故答案为A。
42．句意：阳光温暖了它们的美丽。但是，仔细观察，你会发现很多看到是真实的事情……但事实并非如此。根据 This fishing village is
full of trompe l'oeil- an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. 这个渔村到处都是错视画——一种表里不一的艺术形式。可知这种错视画，它看起来和实际是不一样的：看来是真的，其实不是真的； A： fancy 花哨的，B： novel 新奇的，C： real 真实的，D： valuable 有价值的 ；故答案为C。
43．句意：有些花凋零，有些却能存活数年。为什么 因为它们被画在了建筑上 ！根据能存活数年的花儿只能在艺术里找到，再根据下文 Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成鲜艳的颜色和不同寻常的图案，可知这些花儿是被画在建筑上的； A： carved 雕刻，B： pressed压制， C： painted绘画， D： planted 种植；故答案为C。
44．句意：最初，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成明亮的颜色和不寻常的设计，这样他们就可以很容易地从水中看到他们的家。根据下文中 Then,in the 1700s然后，在18世纪，可知上文空白处需要过渡词：首先，起初； A： Creatively创造性， B： Mistakenly错误， C： Frequently经常， D： Originally 最初；故答案为D。
45．句意：最初，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成明亮的颜色和不寻常的设计，这样他们就可以很容易地从水中看到他们的家。根据句意"最初，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成明亮的颜色和不寻常的设计" 可知明亮的色彩和不同寻常的图案在海上很远的地方就能轻松的被识别出来； A： closely密切联系， B： easily很容易， C： happily很高兴， D： hopefully希望如此；故答案为B。
46．句意：然后，在18世纪，它成为一种使小型，简单的建筑看起来宏伟和高价值的方式。根据这段文章的主旨大意：错视画的诞生史； 可知他们利用这种绘画技巧来让他们的简单矮小的房屋看起来宏伟高大， A： comfortable舒适的， B： complicated复杂的， C： grand 宏伟的，D： harmonious 和谐的；故答案为C。
47．句意：那么现在的卡莫格利人还在用这种绘画技巧吗 在卡莫格利这样的村庄里，仍然有许多错视画的房子，但只有少数艺术家能画出来。根据句意"在卡莫格利这样的村庄里，仍然有许多错视画的房子"，以及转折连词"but" 可知虽然有很多作品留下来，但能掌握这项技巧，可以来画错视画的房子 的人却很少； A： allowed 允许，B： available可用， C： responsible负责， D： introduced 介绍；故答案为B。
48．句意：他的客户通常是那些想要改善自己家的外观的人。根据上文Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's
managed to make a business out of it. 卡洛是这群不断减少的艺术家中的一员，他们设法从中赚钱。可知要赚钱他必须有自己的顾客，客户； A： designers设计师， B： followers追随者， C： customers 顾客，D： partners合作伙伴；故答案为C。
49．句意：他的客户通常是那些想要改善自己家的外观的人。根据上文Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's
managed to make a business out of it. 卡洛是这群不断减少的艺术家中的一员，他们设法从中赚钱。 可知他是一位擅长错视画的艺术家，所以来找他的顾客也是为了改变房子外观的； A： appearance外观， B： capacity 容量，C： convenience 方便，D： privacy 隐私；故答案为A。
50．句意：但对于卡洛来说，错视画的目的是给一个新的地方带来一些意想不到的东西，比如把城市带到海边，甚至把沙漠带到城市。根据 句意"比如把城市带到海边，甚至把沙漠带到城市。"可知这些东西都是天马行空的，意想不到的；A：civilized文明的， B：faraway遥远的， C：natural 自然的，D：unexpected意想不到的 ；故答案为D。
51．句意：卡洛的绘画风格来自过去。根据下文He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. 他只使用老式的颜料并手工混合。可知他的绘画风格源自于过去的传统；A：comes from来自，B：brings about带来，C：goes against反对，D：leaves out 遗漏；故答案为A。
52．句意：他这么做只有一个原因:保护错视画的传统。根据上文He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. 他只使用老式的颜料并手工混合。 可知这位艺术家在努力保护错视画的传统； A： artists 艺术家，B： buildings 建筑，C： pictures图画， D： traditions 传统；故答案为D。
53．句意：他还认为这种艺术应该随处可见。根据 Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to make
a business out of it.卡洛是这群不断减少的艺术家中的一员，他们设法从中赚钱。可知这位艺术家想以这种方式将这种艺术发扬光大：到处都能看到这种艺术； A： accepted接受， B： discussed讨论， C： learned学习， D： seen看到 ；故答案为D。
54．句意：幸运的是，在卡莫格利，当地的艺术和文化仍然生机勃勃。根据上文He also believes this art should be seen everywhere.他还认为这种艺术应该随处可见。再根据句意"幸运的是"， 可知这项艺术在卡莫格利蓬勃发展； A： changing变化的， B： alive活跃的， C： diverse多样的， D： unique 独特的；故答案为B。
55．句意：但是记住，不要总是相信你的眼睛！根据错视画的特点，你看到的不一定是真的， 可知作者告诉你不要总相信眼见为实； A： believe相信， B： block 阻碍，C： widen 拓宽，D： cheat 欺骗；故答案为A。
六、第三部分语言运用，第二节(共 10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Zhongyong,"Doctrine of the Mean，　56． 　(be) a Confucian classic and part of the Four Books. It is actually　57． 　chapter of the ritual(礼仪) classic Liji, and　58． 　(take) out from this book in the Song period. There are several opinions about the authorship of the Zhongyong. It is　59． 　( traditional) attributed(认为是) to Zisi，a grandson of Confucius. The text seems,　60． 　modern authors say, at least partially to have been compiled(编纂) during the Former Han period.
The concept of"the mean"is a core idea of Confucianism. The so-called"mean"by Confucius doesn't mean"compromise(折中)"　61． 　a "just-right" way when understanding and handling objective things. This will result　62． 　 harmony in action, and eventually in a harmonious society. Pure harmony without wandering from the central tone，and　63． 　(stand) in the centre without leaning towards one side will keep all social positions stable.
　64． 　 ( wise), kindheartedness and courage are the three virtues of the mean way that will keep stable all social relations. Almost everything depends on the adequate behavior of each member of society. Another important aspect　65． 　(treat) in the Zhongyong is sincerity. It is the root of human behavior, and without sincerity there is no man.
【答案】56．is；57．a；58．was taken；59．traditionally；60．as；61．but；62．in；63．standing；64．Wisdom；65．treated
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了经典文章《中庸》的主要观点和概念。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意： 《中庸》是儒家经典，是《四书》的一部分。 根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，主语The Zhongyong 专有名词当单数看待；再根据上下文时态一致，下文 It is actually中谓语是一般现在时，可知空白处需要动词be 的一般现在时 is；故答案为is。
57．句意：它实际上是礼仪经典《礼记》中的一章，还是在宋朝从这本书中取出来的。根据英语中单数可数名词chapter 第一次在文章中出现时要用不定冠词修饰， 可知空白处需要不定冠词 a；故答案为a。
58．句意：它实际上是礼典《礼记》中的一章，还是在宋朝从这本书中取出来的。根据固定搭配：take sth out of 从……拿出/取出……可知空白处需要被动语态；再根据时间短语 in the Song period， 可知空白处需要动词take 一般过去时的被动语态was taken ；故答案为was taken。
59．句意：关于《中庸》的作者，有几种说法。传统上认为是孔子的孙子子思。根据修饰谓语动词 is attributed要用副词； 可知空白处需要形容词traditional 的副词形式 traditionally；故答案为traditionally。
60．句意：正如现代作者所说，这篇文章似乎至少部分是在前汉时期编撰的。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句， ，先行词为整个主句（The text seems at least partially to have been compiled(编纂) during the Former Han period.）可知空白处可以用as（正如……那样）／which；故答案为as。
61．句意：孔子所说的"中庸"并不意味着"妥协"，而是在理解和处理客观事物时"恰到好处"的方式。 根据固定搭配：not… but不是……而是； 可知空白处需要连词but ；故答案为but。
62．句意：这将导致行动的和谐，并最终形成一个和谐的社会。根据固定搭配：result in 导致,，带来，产生；可知空白处需要介词in ；故答案为in。
63．句意：纯粹的和谐而不偏离中心，站在中心而不偏向一边，将保持所有社会地位的稳定。根据句子结构空白处需要与名词短语Pure harmony 一致的动名词短语作主语，可知空白处需要动词stand 的动名词形式standing ；故答案为standing。
64．句意：智慧、善良和勇气是中庸之道的三种美德，它们将使一切社会关系保持稳定。根据句子结构，空白处需要与 kindheartedness
and courage一的名词形式作主语；可知空白处需要形容词wise 的名词形式Wisdom（放于句首要大写首字母） ；故答案为Wisdom。
65．句意：《中庸》的另一个重要方面是真诚。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，动词treat（认为，看待）与主语 Another
important aspect之间是被动关系，可知空白处需要动词treat 的过去分词treated ；故答案为treated。
七、第四部分写作，第一节(满分15分)
66．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据以下写作要点写一篇欢迎词。
写作要点:
1.对客人表示欢迎;
2.介绍此项活动(如活动目的、内容等);
3.表达对客人的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear American guests,
【答案】Dear American guests,
On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities.
As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today. The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. The program consists of the following activities: recitation，singing, word spelling, story-telling and so on. And the show will begin at two o clock this afternoon at the Student Centre，whose popularity is bound to rise to a new high with your presence!
I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us and a fruitful visit to our school. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文欢迎辞。要求考生以李华的身份根据"美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动"为主题写一篇欢迎辞。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：对客人表示欢迎；
第二段：介绍此项活动(如活动目的；
第三段：表达对客人的祝愿。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构 And the show will begin at two o clock this afternoon
at the Student Centre，whose popularity is bound to rise to a new high with your presence!（运用了非限制性定语从句），让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇purpose ， popularity，bound， presence和固定短语On behalf of ，be lucky to do，practical abilities，consists of，be bound to do， a fruitful visit to our school提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
八、第四部分写作，第二节(满分25分)
67．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成--篇完整的短文。
The park bench was deserted as I sat down to read beneath a willow tree. It must be as sick, for the branches were kind of yellow and dry. I was a deserted girl. Endless quarrels with my parents had left me nowhere to go but this desolate( 荒无人烟的) corner of the park. As I sat on the bench, things that happened recently began to flash through. Days seemed months to me recently. No cozy home to stay. No happy memories about my life. No considerate family members to talk to. Even the book I was reading was no fun. Not content with life, I had a good reason to frown, for the world was intended to drag me down.
And if that were not enough to ruin my day, a young boy out of breath approached me, all tired from play. He stood right in front of me with his head tilted( 倾斜) down and said with great excitement,"Look what I found!" In his hand was a flower. What a pitiful sight,its petals( 花瓣) were all worn- not enough rain, or too little light. He must have picked the flower from somewhere shady and sunless， just like where I was staying these days.I couldn't help being self-pitying. Wanting him to take his dead flower away and go off to play, I faked a smile and then looked away."Why couldn't everyone just leave me be!"I thought to myself, upset and gloomy.
But instead of leaving, he sat next to me and placed the flower to his nose and declared loudly with certainty，"It sure smells pretty and it must be beautiful, too. That's why I picked it; here, it is for you." The"weed"before me was dying or dead, not vibrant with colors, orange, yellow or red-anyone having eyes can see that clearly! But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower, and replied, "Just what I need."Strangely, instead of placing the flower in my hand, he held it in mid-air without any reason or plan.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Casting a curious glance at the boy's eyes, I was hugely shocked.
……
"I had to make a change," I thought to myself.
【答案】Casting a curious glance at the boy's eyes，I was hugely shocked. In the pure and sunny face were just a pair of eyes，somewhat hollow and focus less."He was blind!" I felt myself choked as if there were a lump in my throat. With watery eyes，I took the flower from his hand carefully and praised it as the very best one." Have a nice day!" the boy smiled broadly and then ran off briskly before l had time to convey the slightest appreciation. I sat there and wondered how a blind little boy managed to see a self-pitying girl under a sick willow tree and how he even knew clearly of my dreadful despair.
"l had to make a change ,"l thought to myself . For all of those times l myself had been blind towards the world around me. Somehow，through the eyes of the blind boy, at last I could see my real problem. I promised to step out of the shady corner， open my eyes to the beauty of the world. Holding the wilted flower up to my nose，l took a deep sniff. A wave of faint fragrance lingering in my heart， I couldn't help smiling just as the boy had done. Never did he know his weed-like flower brought the first glimmer of sunshine to a girl's deserted world.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写；故事阅读类；人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者因父母老是吵架而感觉自己没有关心，没人爱，独自坐在病柳下伤心；就在这时拿着快枯萎的花朵走向自己的盲人小男孩打开了自己的心结，变得开心起来。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我好奇地看了一眼男孩的眼睛，大为震惊。"可知，第一段可描写作者发现这是一个快乐的盲人小男孩，作者心里一下子不平静起来。②由第二段首句内容""我必须做出改变，"我对自己说。"可知，第二段可描写作者看到这朵盲孩送给自己的花朵，想到自己过去怎么就没发现世间的美好，站起身来走到阳光下作者感受到了前所未有的温暖和美好。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I felt myself choked as if there were a lump in my throat. 运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气；
With watery eyes，I took the flower from his hand carefully and praised it as the very best one.运用了时间并列句；
" Have a nice day!" the boy smiled broadly and then ran off briskly before l had time to convey the slightest appreciation. 运用了时间状语从句，并列句句；
I sat there and wondered how a blind little boy managed to see a self-pitying girl under a sick willow tree and how he even knew clearly of my dreadful despair.运用了宾语从句，并列句；
A wave of faint fragrance lingering in my heart， I couldn't help smiling just as the boy had done. 方式状语从句；
Never did he know his weed-like flower brought the first glimmer of sunshine to a girl's deserted world.运用了倒装句，宾语从句。
1 / 1湖南省长沙市名校2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题
一、第一部分听力，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） When does the swimming lesson start
A．At 4:30. B．At 4:45. C．At 5:15.
2．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） Why is the man late
A．Because of the heavy traffic.
B．Because of the bad weather.
C．Because of a basketball match.
3．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） What is the woman good at
A．Singing. B．Playing the piano. C．Playing the drums.
4．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） What kind of movies does the woman probably like
A．Action movies. B．Comedy movies. C．Romantic movies.
5．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） What does the man think of the training
A．Disappointing. B．Satisfying. C．Worrying.
二、第一部分听力，第二节，听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
6．Which is the special offer today
A．Bacon. B．Chicken rolls. C．Fried eggs.
7．What does the woman probably do
A．A waitress. B．A cook. C．A salesperson.
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
8．What is the man trying to do
A．Make an appointment with a doctor.
B．Ask the woman for some advice.
C．Complain about a doctor.
9．What will the man probably do next
A．Take more medicine.
B．Avoid working too hard.
C．See the doctor right away.
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
10．How does John feel about Amy's poetry
A．It is very classic.
B．It is very romantic.
C．It is very unique.
11．When is the conversation probably taking place
A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Thursday.
12．What topic of poetry will the speakers read about this Thursday
A．Love. B．Nature. C．Friendship.
13．Whose works will the speakers read this week
A．John Keats'.
B．Emily Dickinson's.
C．William Wordsworth's.
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
14．What does the woman just want to buy first
A．A few rocks.
B．A small bottle.
C．Some beautiful fish.
15．Where does the conversation most probably take place
A．At home. B．On a flight. C．In a shop.
16．Why should a few rocks be put into the tank according to the man
A．To decorate the tank.
B．To keep the water clean.
C．To allow the fish to swim around.
17．What does the man advise the woman to do
A．Keep the fish in a round bottle.
B．Compare the prices of fishes.
C．Put some underwater plants in the tank.
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 听材料，回答问题。
18．Who is the speaker talking to
A．Librarians. B．Freshmen. C．Teachers.
19．What is scheduled in the first week
A．Some talks. B．Some games. C．Some tours.
20．What do we know about the library computers
A．They are connected to printers.
B．They are limited in number.
C．They have access to the Internet.
三、第二部分阅读，第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Family: Poems-by Mr. Keith Keenan
·Kindle $ 0. 00, Hardcover $ 12. 50, Paperback $ 7. 00
The poet describes personal thoughts and feelings in a lyrical journey to understand and celebrate his family."Family"looks at living honestly in places， not illusions. Figurative language，a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work.
Time to Heal一by Alexandra Vasiliu
·Kindle $ 9. 99, Hardcover $ 21. 94， Paperback $ 12. 64
From the best-selling author comes an inspirational poetry book about love, healing,and growth. It is a reminder to strive to change for the better. Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations, it's a great companion when you need to embrace self-love and personal transformation.
Seeds from a Birch Tree -一by Clark Strand
·Kindle $ 9.99，Hardcover $ 26.80，Paperback $ 16. 95
Seeds From a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message is simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons- seventeen syllables at a time. With its mix of poetry and memoir(回忆录)，the book guides us to the joy hidden in plain sight, leading us to get into a good state of body and mind.
A Poem for Every Day一by Allie Esiri
·Kindle $ 9.99, Hardcover $ 28. 05, Audio CD $ 18. 05
This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates- funny for April Fool's Day, festive for Christmas. This is the perfect gift for poetry lovers of all ages. These poems are informative, peaceful, and energetic!
There are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here.
21．How much will you pay if you buy a hardcover edition of Seeds from a Birch Tree
A．$ 12.50. B．$21.94. C．$ 26.80. D．$ 28.05.
22．What do we know about the books mentioned above
A．Family: Poems features plain language.
B．Time to Heal features colorful illustrations.
C．Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses on human nature.
D．A Poem for Every Day focuses on festive celebrations.
23．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A website. B．A magazine.
C．A book review. D．A travel brochure.
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22，he started to earn an international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap(废弃的) metal found in his community.
Phiri's father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class.
After graduating, he did what he could to support himself by making animal sculptures from wires and sold them to tourists. His work was so popular that it caught the eye of Karen Beattie, director of Project Luangwa， a nonprofit organization dedicated to education and economic development in central Africa.
"I introduced him to a local welder(焊工),"Beattie told Newsweek .
In 2017，Phiri worked with welder Moses Mbewe during the rainy season, helping to make a complex set of doors for Project Luangwa. The piece sparked an idea in Beattie's mind:"I handed him a bunch of scrap metal and said,‘ Make something with this.'And he did. It was wonderful."
Today, Phiri continues his art, using pieces of junk people bring him-keys, broken bike chains, old metal plugs and whatever scrap metal is lying around. He then turns the junk into abstract animals- elephants， cranes， giraffes， chameleons- and sells them at Project Luangwa headquarters. The community has recognized his talents.
"My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,"Phiri said,"and then to make very large sculptures. "
24．What is Phiri known for
A．Serving his community. B．Collecting works of art.
C．Being the king of Zambia. D．Turning trash into treasure.
25．What can we learn about Phiri from paragraph 2
A．He had an unhappy childhood.
B．He paid for his primary schooling.
C．He had to support his grandfather.
D．He missed school to do part-time jobs.
26．How does Phiri feel about his future
A．Uncertain. B．Confident. C．Depressed. D．Satisfied.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．A Successful Path of Art
B．The Junk-art King of Zambia
C．A Young Man's Wildest Dream
D．The Modern Junk Works of Art
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Whom should you marry Where should you live How should you spend your time For centuries，people have relied on their gut instincts( 直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is a better way. We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.
There has long been overwhelming- and often surprising- evidence that algorithms(算法) can be much better than people at making difficult decisions. Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on,and how things turn out. They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail( 监狱)or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.
The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball ，baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts(物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and better than managers at picking strategies. In finance， the hedge fund( 避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically defeated competitors by seeking out patterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.
These are the early days of the data revolution in decision-making. I am not claiming that we can completely outsource(外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now.
28．What makes people better at finding answers to life-changing questions
A．People's better gut instincts. B．Changed human behavior.
C．The modern information era. D．Various courses accessible.
29．According to paragraph 2, algorithms might NOT defeat people in____.
A．court rulings . B．job promotions
C．operative estimations D．teaching practices
30．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．The plot of the movie Moneyball is related to successful data analysis.
B．Scouts and managers are not needed in successful baseball teams.
C．The hedge fund Renaissance Technologies had some financial problems.
D．Tech firms in Silicon Valley mainly relied on data to design websites.
31．Which of the following will the author most probably agree with
A．The modern information era is mature enough to take advantage of .
B．People should outsource all the lifestyle choices to algorithms.
C．With big data people can learn from countless similar examples.
D．Face-to-face consultation will be the major trend in the future.
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读理解
Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. Scientists have urged people to stop"spraying their gardens with poisons"in order to halt bird decline and adopt instead wildlife- friendly practices. The results of the University of Sussex study, which researchers call the first of its kind, were published in the journal Science ofthe Total Environment.
The experiment， which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain， found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate(草甘 膦) was used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide(除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup. Slug pellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂) also seemed to have an impact on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used，house sparrow numbers were down by almost 40% .
Prof. Dave Goulson, of the school of life sciences at the University of Sussex, said,"The UK has 22 million gardens, which collectively could be a fantastic refuge for wildlife,but not if they are overly tidy and sprayed with poisons. We just don't need pesticides in our gardens. Many towns around the world are now pesticide free. We should simply ban the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France."The Royal Horticultural Society, the UK's leading gardening charity, said the use of pesticides and herbicides should be avoided if possible and they should only be used， if ever， in small and targeted applications.
The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native shrubs and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. Cannelle Tassin de Montaigu， a PhD researcher within the school of life sciences and an author of the study， said, "It's encouraging to find that simple measures,such as planting native shrubs and trees and creating a pond, together with avoiding the use of pesticides, really make a measurable difference to the number of birds you will see in your garden.
32．What does the underlined word"halt" in paragraph 1 most probably mean
A．Stop. B．Attract. C．Note. D．Witness.
33．Why are the statistics mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To reveal the severe influence of pesticides on birds.
B．To compare the effects of two kinds of pesticides.
C．To convince readers of the importance of house sparrows.
D．To help gardeners choose the proper pesticides.
34．What can be inferred from Prof. Dave Goulson's words
A．The ideal places for wildlife in the UK are extremely tidy gardens.
B．The gardens in the UK are so tidy that pesticides are not needed.
C．Pesticides should be prohibited from use throughout the UK.
D．Some countries like France have made urban areas pesticide free.
35．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Alternative methods to keep gardens tidy.
B．Assistant ways to increase the number of birds.
C．Gardeners' attitudes towards the experiment.
D．Other researchers' interest in the experiment.
四、第二部分阅读，第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
余选项。
There are things we all do, or don't do, that lead us to waste far more time than we realize in the moment. The biggest time regret, I think, is dwelling on(沉湎于) mistakes and shortcomings.
　36． 　 In a study, researchers asked subjects to spend money during an imaginary trip to the mall. Before "shopping", some subjects were asked to recall a past financial mistake.They found those subjects were more likely to incur(招致) debt. Dwelling made them feel like a failure and told them there was no need to try, because they already sucked. So, they got further into debt when already feeling like an overspender. Of course, we don't want to skip over our mistakes or ignore them either.　37． 　
I also missed too much for fear of my own shortcomings.　38． 　I wanted to travel after high school, but I went to university close to home instead, because I was too shy to meet new people and was afraid I couldn't make it in another city. After university, I wanted to be a writer, but I decided to find a more stable，accessible job instead, because that's easier.　39． 　I decided to find work I actually enjoyed, travel more and live somewhere else. I made a ton of mistakes along the way, but the bigger mistake was not trying sooner.
　40． 　So, never beat yourself up over your mistakes and shortcomings. The sooner you learn from them, the sooner you can free up your time and energy to live the life you want.
A. Eventually, I got tired of this.
B. Regret is another big waste of time.
C. I was doing it for the wrong reason that I was afraid to fail.
D. For years, I stayed in a comfortable place, doing things I disliked.
E. The goal is to learn something from them, and then release the failure.
F. When you finally relate it to your own past experiences, it probably becomes easier.
G. Dwelling on mistakes wastes time and, worse still， makes us more likely to repeat mistakes.
五、第三部分语言运用，第一节(共15小题;每小题 1分,满分 15分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Camogli looks like any other small Italian coastal town. The little 41． houses face the sea. The sunlight warms their beauty. But, look carefully and you'll see many things that 42． ... but they're not.
This fishing village is full of trompe l'oeil- an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. While some flowers die, others live for years. Why Because they're 43． on the building!
Trompe l'oeil has been around for centuries. 44． ，Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs，so that they could see their homes 45． from the water. Then, in the 1700s，it became a way to make small, simple buildings look 46． and high-valued.
And today There are still many trompe l'oeil houses in villages like Camogli, but only a few artists are 47． to paint them. Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to make a business out of it.
His 48． are often people who want to improve their home's 49． .But for Carlo,trompe l'oeil's purpose is to bring something 50． to a new place, such as bringing the city to the sea or even the deserts to the cities.
Carlo's painting style 51． the past. He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. He does so for one reason: to protect the trompe I'oeil 52． . He also believes this art should be 53． everywhere.
Fortunately, in Camogli, local art and culture are still 54． . But remember，don't always 55． your eyes!
41．A． colored B． crowded C． damp D． wooden
42．A． fancy B． novel C． real D． valuable .
43．A． carved B． pressed C． painted D． planted
44．A． Creatively B． Mistakenly C． Frequently D． Originally
45．A． closely B． easily C． happily D． hopefully
46．A． comfortable B． complicated C． grand D． harmonious
47．A． allowed B． available C． responsible D． introduced
48．A． designers B． followers C． customers D． partners
49．A． appearance B． capacity C． convenience D． privacy
50．A． civilized B． faraway C． natural D． unexpected
51．A． comes from B． brings about
C． goes against D． leaves out
52．A． artists B． buildings C． pictures D． traditions
53．A． accepted B． discussed C． learned D． seen
54．A． changing B． alive C． diverse D． unique
55．A． believe B． block C． widen D． cheat
六、第三部分语言运用，第二节(共 10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Zhongyong,"Doctrine of the Mean，　56． 　(be) a Confucian classic and part of the Four Books. It is actually　57． 　chapter of the ritual(礼仪) classic Liji, and　58． 　(take) out from this book in the Song period. There are several opinions about the authorship of the Zhongyong. It is　59． 　( traditional) attributed(认为是) to Zisi，a grandson of Confucius. The text seems,　60． 　modern authors say, at least partially to have been compiled(编纂) during the Former Han period.
The concept of"the mean"is a core idea of Confucianism. The so-called"mean"by Confucius doesn't mean"compromise(折中)"　61． 　a "just-right" way when understanding and handling objective things. This will result　62． 　 harmony in action, and eventually in a harmonious society. Pure harmony without wandering from the central tone，and　63． 　(stand) in the centre without leaning towards one side will keep all social positions stable.
　64． 　 ( wise), kindheartedness and courage are the three virtues of the mean way that will keep stable all social relations. Almost everything depends on the adequate behavior of each member of society. Another important aspect　65． 　(treat) in the Zhongyong is sincerity. It is the root of human behavior, and without sincerity there is no man.
七、第四部分写作，第一节(满分15分)
66．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 假定你是中学生李华。美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动。请根据以下写作要点写一篇欢迎词。
写作要点:
1.对客人表示欢迎;
2.介绍此项活动(如活动目的、内容等);
3.表达对客人的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear American guests,
八、第四部分写作，第二节(满分25分)
67．（2023高二上·长沙开学考） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成--篇完整的短文。
The park bench was deserted as I sat down to read beneath a willow tree. It must be as sick, for the branches were kind of yellow and dry. I was a deserted girl. Endless quarrels with my parents had left me nowhere to go but this desolate( 荒无人烟的) corner of the park. As I sat on the bench, things that happened recently began to flash through. Days seemed months to me recently. No cozy home to stay. No happy memories about my life. No considerate family members to talk to. Even the book I was reading was no fun. Not content with life, I had a good reason to frown, for the world was intended to drag me down.
And if that were not enough to ruin my day, a young boy out of breath approached me, all tired from play. He stood right in front of me with his head tilted( 倾斜) down and said with great excitement,"Look what I found!" In his hand was a flower. What a pitiful sight,its petals( 花瓣) were all worn- not enough rain, or too little light. He must have picked the flower from somewhere shady and sunless， just like where I was staying these days.I couldn't help being self-pitying. Wanting him to take his dead flower away and go off to play, I faked a smile and then looked away."Why couldn't everyone just leave me be!"I thought to myself, upset and gloomy.
But instead of leaving, he sat next to me and placed the flower to his nose and declared loudly with certainty，"It sure smells pretty and it must be beautiful, too. That's why I picked it; here, it is for you." The"weed"before me was dying or dead, not vibrant with colors, orange, yellow or red-anyone having eyes can see that clearly! But I knew I must take it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower, and replied, "Just what I need."Strangely, instead of placing the flower in my hand, he held it in mid-air without any reason or plan.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Casting a curious glance at the boy's eyes, I was hugely shocked.
……
"I had to make a change," I thought to myself.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Mary! It's half past four! Hurry up! You are always wasting too much time.
W: I don't think we need to. We still have fifteen minutes before the swimming lesson starts.
【分析】题意：游泳课什么时候开始 根据听力内容 Mary! It's half past four! 玛丽!现在是四点半! We still have fifteen minutes
before the swimming lesson starts.离游泳课开始还有十五分钟。可知选项At 4:45.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词 have fifteen minutes before the
swimming lesson starts.和关键句 l am caught in traffic. 来选出正确选项。
2．【答案】A
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: It 's Tom，Mum. I'll be home late. I'm afraid l am caught in traffic.
W: Oh，what a pity—you'll miss the basketball match tonight. Do you have an umbrella It's going to rain.
【分析】题意：这个男人为什么迟到了 根据听力内容 I'll be home late. I'm afraid l am caught in traffic. 我要晚点回家。恐怕我被堵在路上了。可知选项 Because of the heavy traffic. 符合题意；故答案为A。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 l am caught in traffic.来选出正确选项。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Do you sing or play a musical instrument
W: Well，I did study piano as a child，but I gave it up. I'm afraid I can 't sing either， but l play the drums quite well.
【分析】题意：这个女士擅长什么 根据听力内容l play the drums quite well. 我的鼓打得很好。可知选项Playing the drums.符合题意；故答案为C。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句l play the drums quite well.来选出正确选项。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: That film is so disappointing. I don't like the action scenes and the love story is so boring.
W: l agree. I like movies that give me a good laugh.
M: OK. No more car-racing or war movies for us!
【分析】题意：这位女士可能喜欢什么样的电影 根据听力内容W: l agree. I like movies that give me a good laugh. 我同意。我喜欢能让我开怀大笑的电影。可知选项Comedy movies.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 I like movies that give me
a good laugh.来选出正确选项。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】短对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: How was the training
M: The training was a great opportunity. I learned a lot.
W: I'm glad you see it that way. Not a lot of people take a positive attitude towards training.
【分析】题意：男士认为训练怎么样 根据听力内容M: The training was a great opportunity. I learned a lot. 培训是一个很好的机会。我学到了很多。可知选项Satisfying.符合题意；故答案为B。
【点评】考查短对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句 I learned a lot.来选出正确选项。
【答案】6．B
7．A
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Good morning. What can I do for you，sir
M: Can l see the menu. please What's today's special
W: Chicken rolls. We also have delicious soup noodles with seafood.
M: That sounds good. I'll have those two.
W: Would you like anything else
M: Yes，I'd like bacon，a fried egg with buttered toast and a bottle of Coke. That's all.
【分析】这是一段餐厅点菜的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词Chicken rolls.和关键句来选出正确选项。
6．题意：今天的特色菜是什么 根据听力内容今天的特色菜是什么 W:W: Chicken rolls. We also have delicious soup noodles with
seafood.鸡肉卷。我们还有美味的海鲜汤面。 可知选项Chicken rolls.符合题意；故答案为B。
7．题意：女士可能是做什么职业的 根据听力内容W: Good morning. What can I do for you，sir 早上好。我能为您做些什么，先生 W: Chicken rolls. We also have delicious soup noodles with seafood.鸡肉卷。我们还有美味的海鲜汤面。W:Would you like anything else 还要点别的吗 可知选项A waitress.符合题意；故答案为A。
【答案】8．A
9．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: Hello. Peace Clinic. Can I help you
M: Yes, this is Jimmy Carter.
w: What's wrong with you，Mr. Carter
M: l saw Dr. Brown last week. She gave me medicine and advised me to take things easy. But now I feel even worse, so l wonder if l can see her tomorrow.
W: I'm afraid not. She's fully booked tomorrow，but there's an opening at 3 this afternoon.
M: Oh，no. I have to work at that moment.
W: Well，you shouldn't be working so hard. That might be part of the problem.
M: Thank you. I'll adjust myself. If l don't get better，I'll go to see the doctor again.
【分析】这是一段预约看病的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句you shouldn't be working
so hard. That might be part of the problem.l wonder if l can see her tomorrow.来选出正确选项。
8．题意：男士想要做什么 根据听力内容M: l saw Dr. Brown last week. She gave me medicine and advised me to take things
easy. But now I feel even worse, so l wonder if l can see her tomorrow. 我上周去看了布朗医生。她给我开了药，并劝我不要着急。但现在我感觉更糟了，所以我想明天能不能见她。可知选项Make an appointment with a doctor.符合题意；故答案为A。
9．题意：男士接下来可能会做什么 根据听力内容W: Well，you shouldn't be working so hard. That might be part of the problem. 嗯，你不应该这么努力工作。这可能是问题的一部分。M: Thank you. I'll adjust myself. If l don't get better，I'll go to see the
doctor again.谢谢。我会调整自己的。如果我没有好转，我就再去看医生。可知选项Avoid working too hard.符合题意；故答案为B。
【答案】10．C
11．A
12．B
13．B
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】M: Amy! Are you ready to get up on stage and read your poetry
W: l don't know，John. I'm quite nervous about it.
M: Don't worry! Your words are some of the best I've ever read. Your poetry is very different. The way you describe people is very special and creative.
W: Thank you，John. So, if I did feel confident enough，when would l be reading
M: Well，we have two poetry readings，on Tuesday night and Thursday night.
W: Thursday would be better. It gives me three days to practice.
M: Good. On Thursday，we'll share poetry about nature. Are you OK with it
w: I mainly write on love and friendship，but I did write some on nature，so the topic is OK.
M: Good. And after we read our poetry，we will read from classic works. We read John Keats last week. But for this week，we're still deciding between Emily Dickinson and William Wordsworth.
W: How about Emily Dickinson She inspired me a lot.
M: Sure. Let's read her works this week.
【分析】这是一段关于学校举行诗歌朗诵活动的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句Your poetry is very
different.来选出正确选项。
10．题意：约翰觉得艾米的诗怎么样 根据听力内容Your words are some of the best I've ever read. Your poetry is very different.
The way you describe people is very special and creative. 你的语言是我读过的最好的。你的诗很不一样。你描述人的方式很特别，很有创意。可知选项It is very unique.符合题意；故答案为C。
11．题意：对话可能发生在什么时候 根据听力内容W: Thursday would be better. It gives me three days to practice. 星期四比较好。我有三天的时间练习。可知选项On Monday.符合题意；故答案为A。
12．题意：本周四演讲者将读什么主题的诗歌 根据听力内容On Thursday，we'll share poetry about nature. Are you OK with it 周四，我们将分享关于自然的诗歌。你觉得可以吗 可知选项Nature.符合题意；故答案为B。
13．题意：这周演讲者将朗读谁的作品 根据听力内容W: How about Emily Dickinson She inspired me a lot. 艾米丽·狄金森怎么样 她给了我很多启发。M: Sure. Let's read her works this week.当然。本周让我们一起来读她的作品。可知选项Emily Dickinson's.符合题意；故答案为B。
【答案】14．C
15．A
16．C
17．C
【知识点】长对话
【解析】【听力原文】W: l saw a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I'm thinking of buying some next Sunday.
M: Where would you keep them
W: In that round bottle over there.
M: It's a bit small，isn't it
W: So are the fish.
M: l think you should get a tank if you want to keep fish.
W: Really
M: Yes. You should never keep fish in a small round bottle. They don't get chough air. I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank.
W: That might be quite expensive.
M: Check the prices before you buy one. And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them.
W: Is there anything else that I ought to get
M: Yes，you need to get some underwater plants. They keep the water clean. Also they make the tank look much prettier.
【分析】这是一段夫妻两个商议在家养鱼的对话。
【点评】考查长对话。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词和关键句you need to get some
underwater plants.来选出正确选项。
14．题意：女士想先买什么 根据听力内容W: l saw a beautiful fish in the market the other day. It was orange and blue. I'm thinking of buying some next Sunday. 前几天我在市场上看到一条很漂亮的鱼。它是橙色和蓝色的。我想下星期天买一些。可知选项Some beautiful fish..符合题意；故答案为 C。
15．题意：对话最有可能发生在哪里 根据听力内容 M:Where would you keep them 你会把它们放在哪里 W:In that round bottle
over there.在那边的圆瓶子里。可知选项At home..符合题意；故答案为A。
16．题意：根据男士的说法，为什么要往水箱里放一些石头 根据听力内容And you ought to put a few large rocks in the tank. Fish
love swimming around the rocks and through holes in them. 你应该在水箱里放几块大石头。鱼喜欢在岩石周围游泳，穿过岩石上的洞。可知选项To allow the fish to swim around.符合题意；故答案为C。
17．题意：男士建议女士做什么 根据听力内容you need to get some underwater plants. They keep the water clean. Also they
make the tank look much prettier. 你需要一些水下植物。他们保持水的清洁。而且它们让鱼缸看起来更漂亮。可知选项Put some underwater plants in the tank.符合题意；故答案为 C。
【答案】18．B
19．A
20．C
【知识点】独白
【解析】【听力原文】M: Well，first of all，welcome to Cardiff University. Now， as a new student at the university，you will probably need some sort of guidance to help you to use the library. Some of you have asked about a guided tour but we find this rather confuses people. So，in this first week，we run a series of talks.
OK，now let me give you an outline of what's available to you. You'll find that the computers are increasingly used as a research tool. The library computers are permanently online. Having found what you need，you'll find you can readily save texts on your personal computer space to print off when you need them.
Naturally we do still have a full range of classic reference books for you to use. But you can just keep them for a certain time so that they will not disappear from the shelves for too long.
【分析】这是一段向大一新生介绍学校图书馆使用的独白。
【点评】考查独白。注意听前认真阅读问题和选项去预测可能听到的内容，听时注意抓关键词a series of talks和关键句The library
computers are permanently online.来选出正确选项。
18．题意：说话者在和谁说话 根据听力内容 as a new student at the university，you will probably need some sort of guidance
to help you to use the library.作为一名大学新生，你可能需要一些指导来帮助你使用图书馆。 可知选项Freshmen.符合题意；故答案为B。
19．题意：第一周安排了什么 根据听力内容in this first week，we run a series of talks. 在第一周，我们进行了一系列的演讲。可知选项Some talks.符合题意；故答案为A。
20．题意：我们对图书馆的电脑了解多少 根据听力内容The library computers are permanently online. Having found what you
need，you'll find you can readily save texts on your personal computer space to print off when you need them. 图书馆的电脑永远在线。找到你需要的东西后，你会发现你可以很容易地将文本保存在你的个人电脑空间，以便在需要的时候打印出来。可知选项They have access to the Internet..符合题意；故答案为C。
【答案】21．C
22．D
23．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇广告。介绍了几本将售卖的书。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
21．细节理解题。根据 Seeds from a Birch Tree -一by Clark Strand ·Kindle $ 9.99，Hardcover $ 26.80，Paperback $ 16. 95
可知精装的需要$ 26.80。 故答案为 C。
22．推理判断题。根据 Figurative language，a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work.比喻性的语言，对隐喻的热爱和鲜明的形象都使诗歌发挥了作用。可知Family: Poems这本书语言生动形象；根据 Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations拥有超过130首振奋人心的诗歌和黑白插图，可知Time to Heal 这本书的特点是黑白插图；根据Seeds From a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message is simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons- seventeen syllables at a time. 《桦树的种子》将自然变成了一条精神之路。它的信息很简单：Haiku教导我们跟随季节回归自然——一次17个音节。可知Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses 这本书关注的是人与自然；根据This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates- funny for April Fool's Day, festive for Christmas. 这本有声书收录了366首诗，这些诗都与重要的日子有关——愚人节的搞笑，圣诞节的喜庆。可知A Poem for Every Day 这本书关注的是节日庆典。故答案为D。
23．推理判断题。根据 here are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here.亚马逊上有大量的诗集。更多信息，请点击这里。可知这篇文章可能来源于网络； 故答案为 A。
【答案】24．D
25．A
26．B
27．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物传记类；故事阅读类；记叙文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】展示一篇记叙文。讲述了赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王，弗雷德里克·菲里的成长之路。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
24．推理判断题。根据 Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22，he started to earn an international reputation
for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap(废弃的) metal found in his community.弗雷德里克·菲里是赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王:年仅22岁的他就因能够用在社区里发现的废金属制作复杂而优雅的雕塑而享誉国际。可知他出名是因为他 变垃圾为宝优秀的艺术品（珍品）；故答案为 D。
25．推理判断题。根据Phiri's father died when he was starting primary school. Then his mother abandoned him and he had to
stay with his grandfather. His grandfather paid for his schooling through primary school but when he entered secondary school, he had to get various jobs to pay for his fees. Yet even in school, he was always drawing and making things in class. 菲里的父亲在他刚上小学的时候就去世了。后来他的母亲抛弃了他，他不得不和他的祖父住在一起。他的祖父供他上小学，但当他上中学时，他不得不做各种各样的工作来支付学费。然而即使在学校，他也总是在课堂上画画和做东西。可知他有一个不幸的童年；故答案为A。
26．推理判断题。根据 "My dream is to earn enough to study art at the Evelyn Hone College in Lusaka and be able to make a living from it,"Phiri said,"and then to make very large sculptures. ""我的梦想是赚到足够的钱，在卢萨卡的伊夫林·霍恩学院学习艺术，并以此谋生，"菲里说，"然后制作非常大的雕塑。"可知他对自己的未来充满了信心； 故答案为 B。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章的结构：总分，第一段Frederick Phiri is the junk-art king of Zambia: at just 22，he started to earn an
international reputation for being able to make complex and elegant sculptures from scrap(废弃的) metal found in his
community.弗雷德里克·菲里是赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王:年仅22岁的他就因能够用在社区里发现的废金属制作复杂而优雅的雕塑而享誉国际。可知这篇文章主要介绍赞比亚的垃圾艺术之王，弗雷德里克·菲里；故答案为B。
【答案】28．C
29．D
30．A
31．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了在大数据的时代背景下我们可以利用大数据提供的各种案例帮助我们解决困难。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，细节理解题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答细节理解题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断。
28．细节理解题。根据Whom should you marry Where should you live How should you spend your time For centuries people
have relied on their gut instincts( 直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is
a better way. We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.你应该和谁结婚 你应该住在哪里 你应该如何度过你的时间 几个世纪以来，人们一直依靠自己的直觉来寻找这些改变生活的问题的答案。不过，现在有了更好的办法。我们正生活在一个数据爆炸的时代，关于人类行为各个方面的大量信息变得越来越容易获取。我们可以利用这些大数据来帮助确定绘制地图的最佳路线。可知在现代信息时代里我们可以利用这些大数据来寻找改变人生的问题的答案； 故答案为 C 。
29．推理判断题。根据 They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges
at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail( 监狱)or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient
should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.例如，他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是应该留在监狱还是释放时，会比法官做得更好;在决定病人是否应该接受手术方面比医生做得更好;而且比学校校长更擅长决定哪些老师应该升职。可知算法在根据固定模式和规章制度方面很有优势，但在教学实践活动中就不一定了能够比老师强了；故答案为D。
30．细节理解题。根据 The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball ，baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts(物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and
better than managers at picking strategies. In finance， the hedge fund( 避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically
defeated competitors by seeking out patterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.数据分析的力量在体育和商业领域也得到了证明。正如书和电影《点球成金》所述，棒球队发现算法在挑选球员方面比球探好，在挑选策略方面比经理好。在金融领域，对冲基金文艺复兴科技公司通过从股市数据中寻找规律，并利用这些规律制定投资策略，戏剧性地击败了竞争对手。硅谷的科技公司发现，实验数据比设计师更能帮助他们了解如何设计网站。可知电影《点球成金》的情节与成功的数据分析有关；故答案为 A。
31．推理判断题。根据 I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence
mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now.相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询从成千上万与我们面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策。我们现在就能做到。可知作者会赞成有了大数据，人们可以从无数类似的例子中学习；故答案为 C。
【答案】32．A
33．A
34．D
35．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；段落大意；科普类；环境保护类；议论文
【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了农药会导致鸟类数量下降，禁止使用农药，然后采用增加鸟类的辅助措施可以恢复鸟类的数量。
【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及推理判断题，词义猜测题和主旨大意题。解答推理判断题要根据原文中的信息与选项信息结合起来进行正确推断，得出答案；解答词义猜测题要完全符合原文，不能主观臆断；解答主旨大意题时需要根据文章的结构和选项来判断出正确答案。
32．词义猜测题。根据上文 Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. 一项研究表明，使用杀虫剂的园丁正在导致英国鸣禽数量的减少。以及Scientists have urged people to stop"spraying their gardens with poisons"科学家敦促人们停止"向花园喷洒毒药"可知他们要求这样做的目的是阻止鸟类的减少，halt 的意思为：阻止，中断；故答案为 A。
33．主旨大意题。根据The experiment， which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain， found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate(草甘 膦) was
used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide(除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup. Slug
pellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂) also seemed to have an impact on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used，house
sparrow numbers were down by almost 40% .这项调查了英国615个花园的实验发现，定期使用草甘膦可以减少25%的家麻雀。这是一种在常用除草剂品牌中发现的成分。蛞蝓颗粒似乎也对鸟类目击有影响;在使用鼻涕虫颗粒的花园中，麻雀的数量下降了近40%。 可知这些统计数据揭示农药对鸟类的严重影响；故答案为 A。
34．推理判断题。根据 We should simply ban the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France.我们应该效仿法国，干脆禁止在城市地区使用这些毒药。可知像法国这样的一些国家已经实现了城市地区无农药；故答案为D。
35．主旨大意题。根据The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native shrubs and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. 研究还发现，那些采取野生动物友好措施的人，如种植本地灌木和鲜花，或挖掘野生动物池塘，比那些没有这样做的人看到更多的鸟。可知建议人们采用一些增加鸟类数量的辅助方法；故答案为B。
【答案】36．G；37．E；38．D；39．A；40．B
【知识点】七选五；人生百味类；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】展示一篇议论文。论述了我们不应该浪费时间沉湎于错误和失败，应该越早从中吸取教训，就越早腾出时间和精力去过你想要的生活。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，属于七选五，解题关键在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示词或重复的关键词，认真阅读选项，选出恰当的答案，最后再通读全文进行检查。
36．根据上文 The biggest time regret, I think, is dwelling on(沉湎于) mistakes and shortcomings.我认为，人生最大的遗憾，就是沉湎于错误和缺点。以及下文 In a study, researchers asked subjects to spend money during an imaginary trip to the mall. Before"shopping", some subjects were asked to recall a past financial mistake.They found those subjects were more likely to incur(招致) debt. Dwelling made them feel like a failure and told them there was no need to try, because they already sucked. So, they got further into debt when already feeling like an overspender. 在一项研究中，研究人员要求受试者在想象的购物中心之旅中花钱。在"购物"之前，一些研究对象被要求回忆过去的一次经济错误。他们发现，这些人更有可能招致债务。停留让他们觉得自己很失败，告诉他们没有必要再努力了，因为他们已经很糟糕了。因此，当他们进一步负债时感觉自己像一个过度消费者。可知空白处需要过渡句：沉湎于错误会让我们更容易重复错误；选项G. Dwelling on mistakes wastes time and, worse still，makes
us more likely to repeat mistakes.总想着错误会浪费时间，更糟糕的是，会让我们更容易重复错误。符合题意；故答案为G。
37．根据上文 Of course, we don't want to skip over our mistakes or ignore them either.当然，我们也不想跳过或忽略我们的错误。可知空白处需要总结性的语句：我们要总结错误的原因，然后继续向前；选项E. The goal is to learn something from them, and
then release the failure.我们的目标是从失败中吸取教训，然后释放失败。总符合题意；故答案为E。
38．根据上文I also missed too much for fear of my own shortcomings.我也因为害怕自己的缺点而错过了太多。以及下文I wanted
to travel after high school, but I went to university close to home instead, because I was too shy to meet new people and was afraid I couldn't make it in another city. After university, I wanted to be a writer, but I decided to find a more stable，accessible job instead, because that's easier.高中毕业后我想去旅行，但是我去了离家很近的大学，因为我太害羞了，不敢认识新朋友，也害怕我在另一个城市过不下去。大学毕业后，我想成为一名作家，但我决定找一份更稳定、更容易找到的工作，因为那样更容易。可知空白处需要过渡句：我过去这些年错过了或者做了…… 选项D. For years, I stayed in a comfortable place, doing things I
disliked.多年来，我呆在一个舒适的地方，做着我不喜欢的事情。符合题意；故答案为D。
39．根据下文 I decided to find work I actually enjoyed, travel more and live somewhere else. I made a ton of mistakes along the
way, but the bigger mistake was not trying sooner.我决定找一份我真正喜欢的工作，多旅行，住在别的地方。我在这条路上犯了很多错误，但更大的错误是没有尽早尝试。可知空白处需要过渡句：最后，我觉得这种生活很无趣；选项A. Eventually, I got tired of
this.最终，我厌倦了这一切。符合题意；故答案为A。
40．根据下文So, never beat yourself up over your mistakes and shortcomings. The sooner you learn from them, the sooner you
can free up your time and energy to live the life you want.所以，永远不要因为自己的错误和缺点而自责。你越早从中吸取教训，你就能越早腾出时间和精力去过你想要的生活。可知这一段的主题句为：不要浪费时间去后悔自责；选项B. Regret is another big
waste of time.后悔是另一种浪费时间的方式。符合题意；故答案为B。
【答案】41．A；42．C；43．C；44．D；45．B；46．C；47．B；48．C；49．A；50．D；51．A；52．D；53．D；54．B；55．A
【知识点】说明文；文学艺术类；人文地理类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在意大利诞生于卡莫格利的错视画的发展。
【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。做完后再通读一遍检查验证。
41．句意： 彩色的小房子面朝大海。根据 Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成鲜艳的颜色和不同寻常的图案，可知卡莫格利的居民的房子是彩色的； A： colored 彩色的，B： crowded拥挤的， C： damp潮湿的， D： wooden 木质的；故答案为A。
42．句意：阳光温暖了它们的美丽。但是，仔细观察，你会发现很多看到是真实的事情……但事实并非如此。根据 This fishing village is
full of trompe l'oeil- an art form in which nothing is what it appears to be. 这个渔村到处都是错视画——一种表里不一的艺术形式。可知这种错视画，它看起来和实际是不一样的：看来是真的，其实不是真的； A： fancy 花哨的，B： novel 新奇的，C： real 真实的，D： valuable 有价值的 ；故答案为C。
43．句意：有些花凋零，有些却能存活数年。为什么 因为它们被画在了建筑上 ！根据能存活数年的花儿只能在艺术里找到，再根据下文 Camogli's fishermen painted their houses in bright colors and unusual designs卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成鲜艳的颜色和不同寻常的图案，可知这些花儿是被画在建筑上的； A： carved 雕刻，B： pressed压制， C： painted绘画， D： planted 种植；故答案为C。
44．句意：最初，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成明亮的颜色和不寻常的设计，这样他们就可以很容易地从水中看到他们的家。根据下文中 Then,in the 1700s然后，在18世纪，可知上文空白处需要过渡词：首先，起初； A： Creatively创造性， B： Mistakenly错误， C： Frequently经常， D： Originally 最初；故答案为D。
45．句意：最初，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成明亮的颜色和不寻常的设计，这样他们就可以很容易地从水中看到他们的家。根据句意"最初，卡莫格利的渔民把他们的房子漆成明亮的颜色和不寻常的设计" 可知明亮的色彩和不同寻常的图案在海上很远的地方就能轻松的被识别出来； A： closely密切联系， B： easily很容易， C： happily很高兴， D： hopefully希望如此；故答案为B。
46．句意：然后，在18世纪，它成为一种使小型，简单的建筑看起来宏伟和高价值的方式。根据这段文章的主旨大意：错视画的诞生史； 可知他们利用这种绘画技巧来让他们的简单矮小的房屋看起来宏伟高大， A： comfortable舒适的， B： complicated复杂的， C： grand 宏伟的，D： harmonious 和谐的；故答案为C。
47．句意：那么现在的卡莫格利人还在用这种绘画技巧吗 在卡莫格利这样的村庄里，仍然有许多错视画的房子，但只有少数艺术家能画出来。根据句意"在卡莫格利这样的村庄里，仍然有许多错视画的房子"，以及转折连词"but" 可知虽然有很多作品留下来，但能掌握这项技巧，可以来画错视画的房子 的人却很少； A： allowed 允许，B： available可用， C： responsible负责， D： introduced 介绍；故答案为B。
48．句意：他的客户通常是那些想要改善自己家的外观的人。根据上文Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's
managed to make a business out of it. 卡洛是这群不断减少的艺术家中的一员，他们设法从中赚钱。可知要赚钱他必须有自己的顾客，客户； A： designers设计师， B： followers追随者， C： customers 顾客，D： partners合作伙伴；故答案为C。
49．句意：他的客户通常是那些想要改善自己家的外观的人。根据上文Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's
managed to make a business out of it. 卡洛是这群不断减少的艺术家中的一员，他们设法从中赚钱。 可知他是一位擅长错视画的艺术家，所以来找他的顾客也是为了改变房子外观的； A： appearance外观， B： capacity 容量，C： convenience 方便，D： privacy 隐私；故答案为A。
50．句意：但对于卡洛来说，错视画的目的是给一个新的地方带来一些意想不到的东西，比如把城市带到海边，甚至把沙漠带到城市。根据 句意"比如把城市带到海边，甚至把沙漠带到城市。"可知这些东西都是天马行空的，意想不到的；A：civilized文明的， B：faraway遥远的， C：natural 自然的，D：unexpected意想不到的 ；故答案为D。
51．句意：卡洛的绘画风格来自过去。根据下文He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. 他只使用老式的颜料并手工混合。可知他的绘画风格源自于过去的传统；A：comes from来自，B：brings about带来，C：goes against反对，D：leaves out 遗漏；故答案为A。
52．句意：他这么做只有一个原因:保护错视画的传统。根据上文He only uses old-style paints and mixes them by hand. 他只使用老式的颜料并手工混合。 可知这位艺术家在努力保护错视画的传统； A： artists 艺术家，B： buildings 建筑，C： pictures图画， D： traditions 传统；故答案为D。
53．句意：他还认为这种艺术应该随处可见。根据 Carlo is one of this ever-decreasing band of artists who's managed to make
a business out of it.卡洛是这群不断减少的艺术家中的一员，他们设法从中赚钱。可知这位艺术家想以这种方式将这种艺术发扬光大：到处都能看到这种艺术； A： accepted接受， B： discussed讨论， C： learned学习， D： seen看到 ；故答案为D。
54．句意：幸运的是，在卡莫格利，当地的艺术和文化仍然生机勃勃。根据上文He also believes this art should be seen everywhere.他还认为这种艺术应该随处可见。再根据句意"幸运的是"， 可知这项艺术在卡莫格利蓬勃发展； A： changing变化的， B： alive活跃的， C： diverse多样的， D： unique 独特的；故答案为B。
55．句意：但是记住，不要总是相信你的眼睛！根据错视画的特点，你看到的不一定是真的， 可知作者告诉你不要总相信眼见为实； A： believe相信， B： block 阻碍，C： widen 拓宽，D： cheat 欺骗；故答案为A。
【答案】56．is；57．a；58．was taken；59．traditionally；60．as；61．but；62．in；63．standing；64．Wisdom；65．treated
【知识点】说明文；社会文化类；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了经典文章《中庸》的主要观点和概念。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态，短语，形容词的比较级，定语从句副词，非谓语动词，等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
56．句意： 《中庸》是儒家经典，是《四书》的一部分。 根据句子结构空白处需要谓语动词，主语The Zhongyong 专有名词当单数看待；再根据上下文时态一致，下文 It is actually中谓语是一般现在时，可知空白处需要动词be 的一般现在时 is；故答案为is。
57．句意：它实际上是礼仪经典《礼记》中的一章，还是在宋朝从这本书中取出来的。根据英语中单数可数名词chapter 第一次在文章中出现时要用不定冠词修饰， 可知空白处需要不定冠词 a；故答案为a。
58．句意：它实际上是礼典《礼记》中的一章，还是在宋朝从这本书中取出来的。根据固定搭配：take sth out of 从……拿出/取出……可知空白处需要被动语态；再根据时间短语 in the Song period， 可知空白处需要动词take 一般过去时的被动语态was taken ；故答案为was taken。
59．句意：关于《中庸》的作者，有几种说法。传统上认为是孔子的孙子子思。根据修饰谓语动词 is attributed要用副词； 可知空白处需要形容词traditional 的副词形式 traditionally；故答案为traditionally。
60．句意：正如现代作者所说，这篇文章似乎至少部分是在前汉时期编撰的。根据句子结构空白处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句， ，先行词为整个主句（The text seems at least partially to have been compiled(编纂) during the Former Han period.）可知空白处可以用as（正如……那样）／which；故答案为as。
61．句意：孔子所说的"中庸"并不意味着"妥协"，而是在理解和处理客观事物时"恰到好处"的方式。 根据固定搭配：not… but不是……而是； 可知空白处需要连词but ；故答案为but。
62．句意：这将导致行动的和谐，并最终形成一个和谐的社会。根据固定搭配：result in 导致,，带来，产生；可知空白处需要介词in ；故答案为in。
63．句意：纯粹的和谐而不偏离中心，站在中心而不偏向一边，将保持所有社会地位的稳定。根据句子结构空白处需要与名词短语Pure harmony 一致的动名词短语作主语，可知空白处需要动词stand 的动名词形式standing ；故答案为standing。
64．句意：智慧、善良和勇气是中庸之道的三种美德，它们将使一切社会关系保持稳定。根据句子结构，空白处需要与 kindheartedness
and courage一的名词形式作主语；可知空白处需要形容词wise 的名词形式Wisdom（放于句首要大写首字母） ；故答案为Wisdom。
65．句意：《中庸》的另一个重要方面是真诚。根据句子结构空白处需要非谓语作定语，动词treat（认为，看待）与主语 Another
important aspect之间是被动关系，可知空白处需要动词treat 的过去分词treated ；故答案为treated。
66．【答案】Dear American guests,
On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you. We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities.
As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today. The purpose of this program is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking. The program consists of the following activities: recitation，singing, word spelling, story-telling and so on. And the show will begin at two o clock this afternoon at the Student Centre，whose popularity is bound to rise to a new high with your presence!
I sincerely wish you a pleasant time with us and a fruitful visit to our school. Thank you.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文欢迎辞。要求考生以李华的身份根据"美国一个中学校长代表团即将访问你校并出席英语周的一项活动"为主题写一篇欢迎辞。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文。写这篇文章时，要注意文中给出的细节都要包括，不要遗漏。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。本文的人称是第一人称；时态是一般现在时；文章可以分为共分三段：
第一段：对客人表示欢迎；
第二段：介绍此项活动(如活动目的；
第三段：表达对客人的祝愿。
【点评】书面表达要求要点齐全，上下文连贯，并使用一定数量的句式结构 And the show will begin at two o clock this afternoon
at the Student Centre，whose popularity is bound to rise to a new high with your presence!（运用了非限制性定语从句），让句子更加生动丰满，同时能够运用一些高级词汇purpose ， popularity，bound， presence和固定短语On behalf of ，be lucky to do，practical abilities，consists of，be bound to do， a fruitful visit to our school提高文章的档次，体现对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
67．【答案】Casting a curious glance at the boy's eyes，I was hugely shocked. In the pure and sunny face were just a pair of eyes，somewhat hollow and focus less."He was blind!" I felt myself choked as if there were a lump in my throat. With watery eyes，I took the flower from his hand carefully and praised it as the very best one." Have a nice day!" the boy smiled broadly and then ran off briskly before l had time to convey the slightest appreciation. I sat there and wondered how a blind little boy managed to see a self-pitying girl under a sick willow tree and how he even knew clearly of my dreadful despair.
"l had to make a change ,"l thought to myself . For all of those times l myself had been blind towards the world around me. Somehow，through the eyes of the blind boy, at last I could see my real problem. I promised to step out of the shady corner， open my eyes to the beauty of the world. Holding the wilted flower up to my nose，l took a deep sniff. A wave of faint fragrance lingering in my heart， I couldn't help smiling just as the boy had done. Never did he know his weed-like flower brought the first glimmer of sunshine to a girl's deserted world.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写；故事阅读类；人生百味类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者因父母老是吵架而感觉自己没有关心，没人爱，独自坐在病柳下伤心；就在这时拿着快枯萎的花朵走向自己的盲人小男孩打开了自己的心结，变得开心起来。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我好奇地看了一眼男孩的眼睛，大为震惊。"可知，第一段可描写作者发现这是一个快乐的盲人小男孩，作者心里一下子不平静起来。②由第二段首句内容""我必须做出改变，"我对自己说。"可知，第二段可描写作者看到这朵盲孩送给自己的花朵，想到自己过去怎么就没发现世间的美好，站起身来走到阳光下作者感受到了前所未有的温暖和美好。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：I felt myself choked as if there were a lump in my throat. 运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气；
With watery eyes，I took the flower from his hand carefully and praised it as the very best one.运用了时间并列句；
" Have a nice day!" the boy smiled broadly and then ran off briskly before l had time to convey the slightest appreciation. 运用了时间状语从句，并列句句；
I sat there and wondered how a blind little boy managed to see a self-pitying girl under a sick willow tree and how he even knew clearly of my dreadful despair.运用了宾语从句，并列句；
A wave of faint fragrance lingering in my heart， I couldn't help smiling just as the boy had done. 方式状语从句；
Never did he know his weed-like flower brought the first glimmer of sunshine to a girl's deserted world.运用了倒装句，宾语从句。
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