【江苏省】专题十四 阅读理解（人与自然）- 2024年小升初英语满分突破真题演练（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题十四 阅读理解（人与自然）
阅读短文，根据内容判断对错，对的写“T”，错的写“F”。
Phuket(普吉岛) is in Thailand. Every year, a lot of tourists(游客) from all over the world go there for holidays. It is hot and wet in four seasons. What are the best things to do in Phuket Tourists can enjoy the sunshine on beautiful beaches all day. They also enjoy many water sports, such as fishing, snorkelling, diving, surfing and swimming. They enjoy the underwater world too. Children like making sandcastles on the beach with their family and friends. At night, people can visit the wonderful night market. It’s a great place to try the local street food and snacks. People will love the famous seafood in Phuket and enjoy watching some traditional performances(表演) every day.
1．Phuket is a wonderful travelling place in China. ( )
2．The weather is hot and dry all year round in Phuket. ( )
3．Tourists can enjoy many water sports, such as diving and drinking. ( )
4．It’s great to try the local street food and snacks in the night market. ( )
5．The best title of this passage can be “Water Sports in Phuket”. ( )
阅读短文，选择正确的答案。
To prove (证明) this, scientists do tests (测试) on mice. They give mice lots of sunlight. After that, the mice have a great thing in their bodies. Its name is glutamic acid (谷氨酸). It does many things for our body. It is very useful. It can help in learning and remembering things.
It’s OK to enjoy sunshine for about an hour every day. But be careful. In summer, the sun is very strong around noon. It is good to enjoy sunlight in the morning or before evening. The sun will not burn your skin at this time.
6．When is the sun very strong in summer ( )
A．In the evening. B．Around noon. C．In the morning.
7．How long is it OK to enjoy sunlight every day ( )
A．For all morning. B．For all day. C．For about an hour.
8．Glutamic acid can’t __________. ( )
A．make us strong B．help in remembering things
C．make us more clever
9．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “burn” ( )
A．晒伤 B．摔断 C．炎热
10．Which of the following is NOT true ( )
A．The sunshine makes us happy.
B．The sunshine is good for our health.
C．We can enjoy the sunshine at any time.
阅读下列短文，判断正误，正确的用“T”表示，不正确的用“F”表示。
Dear humans（人类）,
It’s my first time to write to you, my children.
First, let me tell you more about our family. Dear humans, beside（除了）you, I have many other children. Some of them fly in the sky, some of them swim in water, some live in ice-covered places, and some run in the grasslands.
Some of them are as small as your fingernails, like bugs. Some of them are as big as cars, like elephants. Some of them might be very close to you, or even live in your house. But there are others you’ve never met.
You take them home to be your pets, friends and helpers. You put them in zoo. You kill（杀死）them for their meat and fur. And sometimes you just kill them for fun. They bring you money and happiness, but they also bring you diseases（疾病）and death.
I hope you can remember that wild animals are not for your food or clothes. They are, in fact, your brother and sisters. All of you are equal. I love you all. I hope you and other animals can live happily in my arms.
Yours,
Mother Earth
11．In the second paragraph（段） Mother Earth tells humans about her family and friends. ( )
12．Bugs and elephants are very big, as big as cars. ( )
13．The letter doesn’t talk about how people treat（对待）animals. ( )
14．The underlined（画线的）word “equal” means “平等的”in Chinese. ( )
15．The purpose（目的）of this letter is to ask humans to love and protect animals. ( )
阅读表格，回答问题。
16．How many kinds of animals are there in the Chinese zodiac ( )
A．Six. B．Twelve. C．Twenty. D．Twenty-four.
17．The character of “ox” is _________. ( )
A．hard-working B．full of life
C．lively and honest D．kind and polite
18．What is the Chinese New Year animal for 2032 ( )
A．Tiger. B．Snake. C．Dog. D．Rat.
19．_________ have the same（相同的）character. ( )
A．Rat and Snake B．Dragon and Monkey
C．Rabbit and Goat D．Dog and Pig
20．The character of “Pig” is _________. ( )
A．having a warm heart B．clever and charming
C．kind D．lively and honest
阅读理解
The students are having their chemistry (化学) class. Miss Li is telling the children what water is like. After that, she asks her students some questions, and one of them is, “Boys and girls! What is water Can you tell me ” She waits for a few minutes, but no one answers her. Then Miss Li asks again. “Why don’t you answer my question I tell you what water is like, right ”
Then a boy puts up his hand and says, “Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell (味道). But I think that water is something that is black when I wash my hand in it.”
All the students begin to laugh. Miss Li laughs too. Then another boy puts up his hand. Miss Li says, “What do you think, Wang Bing ” The boy says, “Miss Li, where can we find water that has no color and no smell ”
“Why do you say so ” Miss Li asks.
“The water in the river behind my house is always black and it has a bad smell,” answers the boy. And most of the children think he is right.
“I am sorry to hear that, children,” says the teacher. “Our water is getting dirtier (脏). That is a problem. All of us must try our best to make it clean again.”
21．Miss Li tells the children ___________. ( )
A．water is clean B．water has color
C．water has smell D．water has no smell or color
22．All the students and Miss Li laugh because ___________. ( )
A．the boy gives an interesting answer B．the boy gives a wrong answer
C．the boy doesn’t listen to the teacher carefully D．the boy likes drinking water
23．The teacher thinks ___________. ( )
A．the second boy is wrong
B．the water in the rivers is always clean
C．the water in the rivers is getting cleaner
D．all of them must try their best to make water clean again
NO PLASTIC BAGS!
Save the Earth Starting from this month, Sam’s. Supermarket will not give you any plastic bags. You should bring your own(自己的) bags when you shop.
You can buy our recyclable(可再循环的) bags. It’s 5 yuan each. Remember to bring your own bag when you shop at Sam’s Supermarket next time! If you bring your own bags, we can give you a 5% discount(折扣).
Did you know! People throw the bags to the sea. Many sea animals die(死) every year because they eat plastic bags.
24．We should bring our own bags to buy things at Sam’s Supermarket this month. ( )
25．It’s an invitation from Sam’s Supermarket. ( )
26．To save the Earth, Sam’s Supermarket won’t give any plastic bags. ( )
27．We should give fifteen yuan to buy three recyclable bags. ( )
28．The sea animals are dead because they eat plastic bags. ( )
Ten monkeys are playing under a tree near a lake. They are having a good time. Suddenly a little monkey cries, “Look, the moon has dropped into the water!” “Get it out quickly!” says the old monkey. The little monkey hangs (悬挂) from the tree by his tail. Then each monkey hangs from the other by his tail or legs. At last they get to the level of the water, but still they cannot pick up the moon. They try again. But they still can’t catch the moon. The monkeys are very sad. But when they look up, they find the moon is still high up in the sky shining brightly. Ten monkeys are happy again.
29．Ten monkeys are near a river. ( )
30．The moon drops into the water. ( )
31．To get to the water, the monkeys hang by their tails or legs. ( )
32．The monkeys pick up the moon from the water at last. ( )
33．This story is an animal fable. ( )
Forests are important to men and animals. They provide food and shelters for animals. If there are no trees, animals will have no food or shelters. They will soon die. We get many materials from forests. We get food from trees. Wood is useful for making paper and furniture. Land is also important. We use oil to make plastic. We use metal to make cans and use clay for making bowls and plates. We get sand from beaches. We use sand to make glass. All the things we get from forests and land are necessary in our daily life. We can’t live without forests or land. Everyone should protect forests and our environment.
34．Forests are important to us. ( )
35．Animals will die without trees. ( )
36．Trees only provide food for animals. ( )
37．Everything we use in our daily life comes from forests and land. ( )
参考答案：
1．F 2．F 3．F 4．T 5．F
【导语】本文主要介绍泰国的普吉岛。
1．句意：普吉岛是中国绝佳的旅游胜地。根据“Phuket(普吉岛) is in Thailand.”可知是泰国的，故答案为F。
2．句意：普吉岛全年天气炎热干燥。根据“It is hot and wet in four seasons.”可知是炎热潮湿，故答案为F。
3．句意：游客可以享受许多水上运动，如潜水和饮酒。根据“Tourists can enjoy the sunshine on beautiful beaches all day. They also enjoy many water sports, such as fishing, snorkelling, diving, surfing and swimming.”可知没有饮酒，故答案为F。
4．句意：在夜市尝试一下当地的街头小吃和零食真是太棒了。根据“It’s a great place to try the local street food and snacks.”可知可以尝试当地的街头小吃和零食，故答案为T。
5．句意：这段文字最好的标题可以是“普吉岛的水上运动”。根据短文可知不止是水上运动，主要介绍吉普岛的旅游，故答案为F。
6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C
【导语】本文讲了对老鼠做的实验和晒太阳。
6．句意：夏天什么时候太阳很强？A在晚上。B中午左右。C在上午。根据“In summer, the sun is very strong around noon.”，可知夏天中午左右太阳很强，故选B。
7．句意：每天享受阳光多长时间可以？A整个上午。B整天。C一个小时左右。根据“It’s OK to enjoy sunshine for about an hour every day.”，可知每天享受阳光一个小时左右可以，故选C。
8．句意：谷氨酸不能_______。A使我们强壮，B帮助记忆事物，C使我们更聪明，根据“Its name is glutamic acid (谷氨酸). It does many things for our body. It is very useful. It can help in learning and remembering things.”，可知谷氨酸不能使我们强壮，故选A。
9．句意：划线单词“burn”的意思是什么？根据短文语境可知burn的意思是晒伤，故选A。
10．句意：以下哪项不正确？A阳光使我们开心。B阳光对我们的健康有好处。C我们可以在任何时候享受阳光。根据“It is good to enjoy sunlight in the morning or before evening. The sun will not burn your skin at this time.”，可知C项不正确，故选C。
11．F 12．F 13．F 14．T 15．T
【导语】本文介绍的是关于叫人类热爱和保护动物的倡议书。
11．句意：在第二自然段地球母亲告诉了人类关于她的家庭和朋友的情况。通读第二自然段可知介绍的是地球母亲其他的孩子们的情况。句意与原文意思不符，故答案为F。
12．句意：虫子和大象都非常大，跟汽车一样大。根据文中句子“Some of them are as small as your fingernails, like bugs. ”得知其中有些像你的指甲一样小，就像虫子。句意与原文意思不符，故答案为F。
13．句意：信件没有告诉我们人们怎样对待动物的。根据文章第四自然段可知人们是怎样对待动物的。句意与原文意思不符，故答案为F。
14．句意：画线equal的汉语意思是平等的。通读句子可知是平等的意思，故答案为T。
15．句意：这封信件的目的是为了叫人类热爱和保护动物。句意与原文意思相符，故答案为T。
16．B 17．A 18．D 19．B 20．A
【导语】本文介绍的是十二生肖的性格。
16．句意：在中国的生肖中有多少种动物？A六种。B十二种。C二十种。D二十四种。根据表格和常识可知，生肖中有十二种动物。故选B。
17．句意：生肖牛的性格是_______。A勤奋的，B充满活力的，C活泼诚实的，D善良有礼貌的，根据表格中介绍的牛是勤奋的，故选A。
18．句意：2032年是______年。A老虎。B蛇。C狗。D老鼠。根据推算，2031年时猪年，2032年时鼠年，故选D。
19．句意：_____和______生肖有相同的性格。A鼠和蛇，B龙和猴，C兔和羊，D狗和猪，根据表格可知，龙和猴有相同的性格，都是充满活力的，聪明的，故选B。
20．句意：猪生肖的人的性格是_____。A有一颗温暖的心，B聪明迷人的，C友善的，D活泼诚实的，根据表格介绍的可知猪生肖的人有一颗温暖的心，故选A。
21．D 22．A 23．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了化学课上李老师与学生关于水的讨论。
21．句意：李老师告诉孩子们________。A水是干净的，B水有颜色，C水有气味，D水既无色也无味，根据句子“Miss Li, you tell us that water has no color and no smell.”可知李老师告诉孩子们水无色无味，故选D。
22．句意：所有的学生和李老师笑了是因为________。A男孩给出了一个有趣的答案，B男孩给出了一个错误的答案，C男孩没有仔细听老师的话，D男孩喜欢喝水，根据句子“But I think that water is something that is black when I wash my hand in it.”可知男孩说自己觉得洗手时水是黑色的，这明显是一句调侃，是个有趣的答案，故选A。
23．句意：老师认为________。A第二个男孩错了，B河水一直是干净的，C河水正在变得越来越干净，D所有人都必须尽全力使得水再一次变干净。根据句子“All of us must try our best to make it clean again.”可知老师认为大家都要为保护水资源做出努力，故选D。
24．T 25．F 26．T 27．F 28．T
【导语】本文讲述了山姆超市的提示，从本月起来山姆超市购物要带上自己的购物袋，超市不再提供塑料袋。
24．句意：这个月我们应该带自己的袋子去山姆超市买东西。根据“Starting from this month, Sam’s. Supermarket will not give you any plastic bags. You should bring your own(自己的) bags when you shop.”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。
25．句意：这是山姆超市的请柬。根据短文内容可知是山姆超市的提示牌。故答案为F。
26．句意：为了拯救地球，山姆超市不会提供任何塑料袋。根据“Remember to bring your own bag when you shop at Sam’s Supermarket next time!”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。
27．句意：我们应该给15元买三个可回收袋。根据“Buy 2 bags and get the third one for free.”可知买两个回收袋，第三个免费。故答案为F。
28．句意：海洋动物因为吃塑料袋而死亡。根据“Many sea animals die(死) every year because they eat plastic bags.”可知题干描述正确，故答案为T。
29．F 30．F 31．T 32．F 33．T
【导语】本文讲述了猴子捞月的寓言故事。
29．句意：十只猴子在河边。根据短文开头第一句“Ten monkeys are playing under a tree near a lake.”十只猴子在湖边的树下玩耍，可知题干与原文不符，故答案为F。
30．句意：月亮落到水里。根据“they find the moon is still high up in the sky shining brightly.”它们发现月亮仍然高高挂在天空中，闪闪发光，可知题干与原文不符，故答案为F。
31．句意：为了到水里，猴子们用它们的尾巴或腿悬挂着。根据“Then each monkey hangs from the other by his tail or legs.”然后每只猴子都用它的尾巴或腿互相悬挂着，可知题干与原文相符，故答案为T。
32．句意：猴子们最终从水中捞起了月亮。根据“At last they get to the level of the water, but still they cannot pick up the moon. ”它们终于到达了水面，但仍然无法捞起月亮，可知题干与原文不符，故答案为F。
33．句意：这个故事是一则动物寓言。通读全文可知题干表述正确，故答案为T。
34．T 35．T 36．F 37．F
【导语】本文讲述了森林对于人类和动物的重要性，并呼吁大家保护森林，保护环境。
34．句意：森林对我们很重要。根据Forests are important to men and animals. 森林对人和动物都很重要。可知题干与原文相符，故答案为T。
35．句意：没有树，动物就会死亡。根据If there are no trees, animals will have no food or shelters. They will soon die. 如果没有树，动物将没有食物或庇护所。它们很快就会死亡。可知题干与原文相符，故答案为T。
36．句意：树木只为动物提供食物。根据We get food from trees. 我们从树上得到食物。可知题干与原文不相符，故答案为F。
37．句意：我们日常生活中使用的一切都来自森林和土地。根据All the things we get from forests and land are necessary in our daily life. 我们从森林和土地上获得的所有东西都是我们日常生活中必不可少的。可知题干与原文不相符，故答案为F。
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