高中英语高考题型天天练（21）（35分钟，含解析）

高中英语高考题型天天练（二十一）
（时间：35分钟）
一、阅读理解
A
Humans eat an astonishing amount of meat every year — some 800 billion pounds of it, enough flesh to fill roughly 28 million dump trucks. Our desire for meat, particularly in industrialized countries like the United States, is one reason why the planet is warming as fast as it is. Raising animals consumes a lot of land that could otherwise absorb carbon. Cows, sheep and goats give out heat-trapping methane (甲烷). And to grow the corn, soy and other plants that those animals eat, farmers use fertilizer (肥料) that gives off nitrous oxide, another planet-warming gas.
Cutting out meat sounds like an effective approach. But what would happen if everyone actually stopped eating meat tomorrow Such a quick shift probably wouldn’t cause the sort of turmoil that would come if the planet immediately abandoned fossil fuels. But still, the consequence could be quite a mess, causing different problems.
Researchers say the economic damage caused by the sudden disappearance of meat would fall mainly on low-income countries with farming economies, like Niger or Kenya, where farming and raising livestock (家禽) are important sources of income. Getting rid of livestock overnight would not only deprive many people of essential nutrients, but also threaten food security, especially in regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Besides, there’s the issue of cultural damage. Taking away meat, according to Wilson Warren, a history professor at Western Michigan University, would do more than just deprive Americans of hot dogs and hamburgers and Italians of salami.
Rejecting meat entirely, let alone immediately, isn’t an ideal solution to the climate crisis. Dutkiewicz, a political economist at the Pratt Institute, suggested using guidelines established by the EAT-Lancet Commission, an international group of scientists who have designed a diet intended to give people the nutrients they need without destroying the planet.
1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A. Feeding animals costs more than growing plants.
B. The USA consumes the most meat annually.
C. Fertilizer should be banned around the world.
D. Meat consumption may increase global warming.
2. What does the underlined word “turmoil” mean in paragraph 2
A. Prediction. B. Disorder. C. Pollution. D. Shortage.
3. Abandoning meat immediately might lead to ______.
A. the global crisis B. improved well-being
C. cultural diversity D. food safety issues
4. What might the author continue talking about
A. Global climate crisis. B. Farmers’ protest.
C. Specific diet suggestions. D. The declining meat industry.
B
“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described.
Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction.
AI image generation could influence everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process.
Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is also adding emotion and nuance (细微差别) into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy.
The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing (贬低) of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as excellent as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughter, but you are no match for professionals.
5. What does the writer think of his image creation
A. Exciting. B. Appealing
C. Unsatisfying. D. Shocking.
6. What do children’s illustrators value most about art
A. The creating process. B. The final work.
C. Personal feelings. D. External forms.
7. What is Paragraph 4 of the text mainly about
A. The styles of human artworks and AI ones.
B. Human artists’ influence on AI generators.
C. Different means used in human and AI art creation.
D. The drawbacks of drawing from existing art and text.
8. Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph
A. Art is the mirror of life. B. Rome is not built in a day.
C. No man can do two things at once. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover.
二、七选五
If you find yourself thinking, “I am a failure,” it’s important to know that there are things you can do to feel better. Knowing how to cope (应对) with failure in a healthy way takes some of the fear out of it. ___9___
First of all, it’s important to acknowledge that everybody fails at one time or another, but that doesn’t make us failures—it just means we are human, and that things didn’t work out this time. If you do feel like a failure, calling a friend, going for a walk, or playing with your pet are just a few examples of healthy ways to deal with your pain. __10___ So you should try to find out what does for you.
Failure can be a great teacher if you’re open to learning. Did you make a whole series of mistakes Think about what you could do differently next time. ___11___ Instead of seeing a failure as a burden weighing you down look at it as a stepping stone toward your goals.
Once you’ve identified your mistakes and where you can learn from them, you’ll be ready to make a plan for moving forward. ___12___ Stop thinking, “I am a failure.” and focus on thinking. “I am capable of trying again.” Create a plan that will help you put the information you gained into practice.
If you’ve spent most of your life avoiding failure, it can feel really scary when it finally happens. Facing your fears, however, can be the key to reducing the discomfort. ___13___ Do things that might get you rejected or try new things where you could fail. Over time, you’ll learn that failure isn’t as bad as you might imagine.
A. Practice stepping outside your comfort zone.
B. Not every coping skill works for everyone, though.
C. These will provide you with some temporary relief.
D. Then you can ensure your failure will become a life lesson.
E. And it helps reduce the pain so you can bounce back better.
F. Remember that focusing on your problems will keep you stuck.
G. There are many reasons why you might be feeling like a failure.
三、完形填空
We all need to spend time alone once in a while. But Beatriz Flamini took things to a whole new _____14_____. The Madrid Spain resident spent 500 days in a 230-foot (about 70-meter) underground cave, _____15_____ from the world. Flamini was 48 years old when she went into isolation (隔绝) and 50 when she _____16_____ from the cave on April 14, 2023. The extreme athlete _____17____ the challenge of testing her mental strength. She also wanted to help scientists explore the _____18_____ of isolation on the human body and mind.
Flamini entered the cave in November 2021. She carried two cameras to _____19_____ her stay. A team of volunteers supported the ambitious adventure by _____20_____ dropping off food, fresh clothes, water and other ____21_____ near the cave’s entrance. They also used the daily video recordings to _____22_____ Flamini’s physical and mental condition.
Flamini spent her days exercising, cooking, reading, and drawing. She says she experienced ______23______ loss of her sense of time after about two months and was _____24______ when a support crew member came to ______25______ her after 500 days. “I said, ‘______26______ No way. I hadn’t finished my book,’ ” she recalls.
Flamini may have ______27______ a new world record for the longest time spent in a cave alone. But the achievement has not been ______28______ by the Guinness World Records.
14. A. turn B. level C. bonus D. phase
15. A. free B. safe C. disconnected D. tired
16. A. escaped B. came C. rushed D. emerged
17. A. took up B. made up C. tore up D. picked up
18. A. change B. improvement C. impact D. meaning
19. A. broadcast B. arrange C. transform D. record
20. A. regularly B. fluently C. legally D. barely
21. A. mixtures B. necessities C. loads D. materials
22. A. react B. treat C. check D. introduce
23. A. permanent B. slight C. potential D. complete
24. A. astonished B. disappointed C. frightened D. excited
25. A. comfort B. fetch C. replace D. interview
26. A. Yes B. Again C. Pardon D. Already
27. A. kept B. broken C. set D. outlined
28. A. finished B. confirmed C. performed D. displayed
四、语法填空
The film, Article 20 (第二十条), which is directed by Zhang Yimou, _____29_____ (gain) widespread attention since its release during the Spring Festival. Drawing _____30_____ (inspire) from real-life cases, the film focuses on the concept of justifiable defense (正当防卫).
According to the Law when a person, ______31______ (face) with an unlawful attack, takes action to protect his or her own rights or interests or those of others, and the attacker is therefore harmed, the defender will be considered to have acted in justifiable defense and will not bear ______32______ (crime) responsibility.
A typical example happened during an attack in July, 2018. After ______33______ (suspect) of intentional homicide (故意杀人), a couple in Baoding, Hebei province, were arrested for killing their daughter’s harasser. The case got a lot of attention after someone posted it on the Internet, which led to ____34_____ online heated debate. “I can’t accept that they are detained (拘留) because they have done nothing wrong _____35_____ (defend) themselves.” said a then Weibo user.
And the focus of the debate was on _____36_____ justifiable defense should be defined. Finally, the couple were not accused and reunited with their daughter. “The decision is made to guarantee the rights and interests of citizens and protect the safety of citizens’ homes,” the statement said. _____37_____ some extent, it is public opinions that speed up the process of the case. Internet is not the court, ______38______ there is always a justice scale (秤，天平) in our hearts.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解
【A篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。肉类消费可能会加剧全球变暖，但是完全将肉类从人们的饮食中去除是不可取的，会引来混乱和麻烦，作者推荐EAT-Lancet委员会设计的一种饮食方案，可以为人们提供所需的营养，同时又不破坏地球。
1. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Our desire for meat, particularly in industrialized countries like the United States, is one reason why the planet is warming as fast as it is.(我们对肉类的渴望，尤其是在像美国这样的工业化国家，是地球变暖速度如此之快的原因之一)”可知，从第一段中可以推断出肉类消费可能会加剧全球变暖。
2. B 词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“But still, the consequence could be quite a mess, causing different problems.(但是，后果可能是相当混乱的，造成不同的问题)”和倒数第二句中的“if the planet immediately abandoned fossil fuels(如果地球立即放弃化石燃料)”可知，此处是指要每个人都不吃肉可能不会引起地球立即放弃化石燃料那样的混乱，所以turmoil意为“混乱”。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Getting rid of livestock overnight would not only deprive many people of essential nutrients, but also threaten food security, especially in regions like South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.(一夜之间去除牲畜不仅会剥夺许多人的基本营养，而且还会威胁到粮食安全，特别是在南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲地区)”可知，立即放弃肉类可能会导致食品安全问题。
4. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Rejecting meat entirely, let alone immediately, isn’t an ideal solution to the climate crisis. Dutkiewicz, a political economist at the Pratt Institute, suggested using guidelines established by the EAT-Lancet Commission, an international group of scientists who have designed a diet intended to give people the nutrients they need without destroying the planet.(完全拒绝肉类，更不用说立即拒绝肉类，并不是解决气候危机的理想方案。普拉特研究所的政治经济学家Dutkiewicz建议使用EAT-Lancet委员会制定的指导方针。EAT-Lancet委员会是一个由国际科学家组成的组织，他们设计了一种饮食，旨在为人们提供所需的营养，同时又不破坏地球)”可知，作者接下来可能要介绍EAT-Lancet委员会设计的这种饮食方案。
【B篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是议论文，主题语境为人与社会。作者认为人工智能图像生成虽然便捷，但也有不少弊端，在文中从几个方面进行了阐述。
5. C 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction.(在我的图像中，这个女人的脸有着非常奇怪的特征，还似乎拿着多本书。而且，虽然看到图像出现时会有一种最初的兴奋感，但却没有创造性的满足感。)”可知，作者认为他的形象创作并不令人满意。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第四句和第五句“Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece.(从根本上说，艺术就是把你内心的感受转化成外在的东西。无论采用何种形式，真正的艺术都是关于创造过程而不是最终作品。)”可知，儿童插画家对艺术最看重的是创作的过程。
7. C 主旨大意题。根据第四段第二句到第四句“To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work.(为了根据提示创建图像，人工智能生成器依赖于已经存在的艺术和文本数据库。这可能会导致在未经其他艺术家同意的情况下，故意模仿其他艺术家的风格。有一种观点认为，人工智能生成器在受他人工作影响方面与人类没有什么不同。)”和最后两句“However, a human artist is also adding emotion and nuance (细微差别) into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy.(然而，人类艺术家也在混合中添加情感和细微差别。人工智能不会做同样的事情——它只能复制。)”可知，第四段主要是讲在人类和AI艺术创作中使用的不同手段。
8. B 主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句“The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing (贬低) of the work of artists.(越来越多地使用人工智能也将导致艺术家的作品贬值。)”可知，“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”最能总结最后一段。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。主要介绍了如何以健康的方式面对失败。
9. E 根据空前的“Knowing how to cope (应对) with failure in a healthy way takes some of the fear out of it.(知道如何以一种健康的方式面对失败可以消除一些恐惧)”可知，知道如何以健康的方式面对失败能消除一些恐惧，此处讲述的是以一种健康的方式面对失败所带来的好处，E选项“And it helps reduce the pain so you can bounce back better.(它有助于减轻疼痛，这样你就能更好地恢复过来。)”继续陈述以一种健康的方式面对失败所带来的好处，承接空前的内容，其中的it指代空前的“Knowing how to cope (应对) with failure in a healthy way”。
10. B 根据空前的“If you do feel like a failure, calling a friend, going for a walk, or playing with your pet are just a few examples of healthy ways to deal with your pain.(如果你真的觉得自己很失败，打电话给朋友，出去散步，或者和你的宠物一起玩，这些都是处理痛苦的健康方法)”可知，此处列举了一些面对失败的一些健康方法，结合空后的“So you should try to find out what does for you.(所以你应该试着找出什么适合你)”可知，此处建议找出适合自己的方法，根据so可知，此空处与空后的内容为因果关系，由此可知，此空处讲述的应是不适合所有的人，B选项“Not every coping skill works for everyone, though.(然而，并不是所有的应对技巧都适用于每个人。)”讲述的内容承接上文，且与空前内容为转折关系，与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。
11. D 根据本段的主题句“Failure can be a great teacher if you’re open to learning.(如果你愿意学习，失败也可以是一位伟大的老师)”可知本段讲述的内容是学会从失败中学习，D选项“Then you can ensure your failure will become a life lesson.(然后你可以确保你的失败将成为人生的一课。)”中的a life lesson与主题句中的a great teacher相对应，且与空前的“Did you make a whole series of mistakes Think about what you could do differently next time.(你犯了一连串的错误吗？想想你下次可以做些什么不同的事情)”为顺承关系，其中的then承接了空前的内容。
12. F 根据空后的“Stop thinking, “I am a failure.” and focus on thinking, “I am capable of trying again.”(不要再想“我是个失败者。”而是专注于思考“我有能力再试一次。”)”可知，此处指的是面对失败应如何思考，F选项“Remember that focusing on your problems will keep you stuck.(记住，专注于你的问题会让你陷入困境。)”讲述的是专注于问题会让自己陷入困境，与空后的内容一致，符合语境。
13. A 根据空前的“Facing your fears, however, can be the key to reducing the discomfort.(然而，面对你的恐惧，可能是减少不适的关键)”可知，此处建议去面对恐惧，这样能减少不适的感觉，根据空后的“Do things that might get you rejected or try new things where you could fail.(做一些可能会让你被拒绝的事情，或者尝试一些可能会失败的新事物)”可知，此处建议做一些可能被拒或者是尝试一些可能会失败的事情，空前和空后均是讲述的是建议积极面对恐惧，A选项“Practice stepping outside your comfort zone.(练习走出你的舒适区。)”讲述的是走出舒适区，与上下文内容吻合，均是讲述的积极面对恐惧或挫折，这样会减少面对失败的不适，符合语境。
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与自我。讲述了运动员阿特丽斯·弗拉米尼在在地下洞穴里度过500天的事迹。
14. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但比阿特丽斯·弗拉米尼把事情带到了一个全新的高度。A. turn机会；B. level水平，高度，层次；C. bonus奖金；D. phase阶段。根据下文“The Madrid Spain resident spent 500 days in a 230-foot (about 70-meter) underground cave”可知，弗拉米尼独自待在洞穴里，将前文讲的“独处”这件事上升到了一个新高度。
15. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位西班牙马德里居民在一个230英尺（约70米）深的地下洞穴中度过了500天，与外界隔绝。A. free空闲的；B. safe安全的；C. disconnected分离的，断开的；D. tired劳累的。根据下文“when she went into isolation (隔绝)”可知，弗拉米尼待在洞中，与外界隔绝。
16. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗拉米尼被隔离时48岁，2023年4月14日从洞穴中出来时50岁。A. escaped逃离；B. came来；C. rushed冲向；D. emerged（从隐蔽处）出现。根据“Flamini was 48 years old when she went into isolation (隔绝) and 50 when she”可知，进去的时候是48岁，出来的时候是50岁。
17. A 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个极限运动员接受了考验她精神力量的挑战。A. took up接受（挑战）；B. made up组成，编造；C. tore up撕碎；D. picked up捡起。根据“the challenge of testing her mental strength”可知，弗拉米尼接受了挑战。
18. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还想帮助科学家探索隔离对人类身心的影响。A. change改变；B. improvement提高；C. impact影响；D. meaning意义。根据“She also wanted to help scientists explore”及“on the human body and mind”可知，这位运动员想要帮助科学家探索隔绝对人类的影响。
19. D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她带着两台摄像机记录她的逗留。A. broadcast广播；B. arrange安排；C. transform使改变形态；D. record记录。根据“She carried two cameras”可知，带两台摄像机是为了记录过程。
20. A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一队志愿者定期在洞穴入口附近送去食物、新鲜衣服、水和其他必需品，为这次雄心勃勃的冒险提供支持。A. regularly有规律地；B. fluently流利地；C. legally合法地；D. barely仅仅，刚刚。根据“A team of volunteers supported the ambitious adventure”可知，由于洞中没有食物，所以志愿者要规律地投放食物。
21. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mixtures混合物；B. necessities生活必需品；C. loads装载物；D. materials材料。根据“food, fresh clothes, water and other”可知，投放的物品是生活必需品。
22. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还使用每日录像检查弗拉米尼的身体和精神状况。A. react反应；B. treat接待，对待；C. check检查；D. introduce介绍。根据“Flamini’s physical and mental condition”可知，志愿者需要时刻监测弗拉米尼的健康状况。
23. D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说，大约两个月后，她完全失去了时间观念，500天后，当一名后勤人员来接她时，她感到很惊讶。A. permanent永久的；B. slight轻微的；C. potential潜在的；D. complete完全的。根据“loss of her sense of time after about two months”可知，因为在洞里，所以完全失去了时间观念。
24. A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. astonished十分震惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C. frightened害怕的；D. excited激动的。根据下文“No way. I hadn’t finished my book”可知，当有人来接她时，她十分震惊。
25. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，大约两个月后，她完全失去了时间观念，500天后，当一名后勤人员来接她时，她感到很惊讶。A. comfort安慰；B. fetch去接某人；C. replace替换；D. interview采访。根据“after 500 days”可知，500天后，有人来接她出去。
26. D 考查副词、叹词词义辨析。句意：“我说，‘已经五百天了？不可能。我还没读完我的书，’”她回忆道。A. Yes是的；B. Again再次；C. Pardon请再说一遍；D. Already已经。根据“No way. I hadn’t finished my book”可知，弗拉米尼不敢相信都过了500天，所以询问“已经500天了？”。
27. C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗拉米尼可能创造了一个新的世界纪录，她独自在洞穴里待了最长的时间。A. kept保留；B. broken打破；C. set创立，开创；D. outlined概述。根据“a new world record for the longest time spent in a cave alone”可知，此处表示创造了世界纪录。
28. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是这一成就还没有得到吉尼斯世界纪录的确认。A. finished完成；B. confirmed证实，确认；C. performed表演；D. displayed陈列，展出。根据“ a new world record for the longest time spent in a cave alone. But ”可知，前后文是转折关系。虽然这是一个全新的记录，但是还没有得到吉尼斯世界纪录的确认。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。主要介绍了由张艺谋导演的电影《第二十条》。这部电影由刑法第二十条而得名该条款涉及到有时引起争议的法律概念合理防卫。这部电影在春节期间引起了广泛的关注，并引起了公众以及司法机构的共鸣。
29. has gained 考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：由张艺谋执导的电影《第20条》自春节档上映以来获得了广泛关注。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词，句子的时间状语为“since its release during the Spring Festival”，所以需要用现在完成时；主语“The film”为单数，所以谓语动词需要使用第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。
30. inspiration 考查名词。句意：影片从真实案例中汲取灵感，重点关注正当防卫的概念。根据空格前的“Drawing”可知，空格处需要填入名词作宾语；inspire的宾语为inspiration表示“灵感”为不可数名词。
31. faced 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据法律规定，受到非法攻击的人采取保护自己或者他人权益的行动，致使攻击人受到损害的，视为正当防卫，不承担刑事责任。此处表示“面对”，分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词，face与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，所以需要用face的过去分词。
32. criminal 考查形容词。句意：根据法律规定，受到非法攻击的人采取保护自己或者他人权益的行动，致使攻击人受到损害的，视为正当防卫，不承担刑事责任。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词，因此需要填入形容词；crime的形容词为criminal意为“犯罪的，刑事的”。
33. being suspected 考查非谓语动词。句意：在涉嫌故意杀人罪后，河北省保定市的一对夫妇因杀死骚扰他们女儿的人而被捕。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词，动词与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，且位于介词之后所以用动名词的被动语态。故填being suspected。
34. an 考查冠词。句意：该案件在有人将其发布到网上后引起了广泛关注，并在网上引发了激烈的讨论。空格处位于单数名词之前，所以需要填入冠词，空格后的第一个形容词online的发音为元音音素开头，所以用an。
35. to defend 考查动词不定式。句意：“我不能接受他们被拘留是因为他们没有做错任何事来保护自己。”当时的一位微博用户说道。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词；此处表示目的，表示“为了保护自己”，应用不定式作目的状语。
36. how 考查宾语从句。句意：辩论的焦点是如何定义正当防卫。分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面的句子位于介词之后，因此为宾语从句，空格处需要填入从句的连接词。从句句子成分完整，此处表示“如何定义正当防卫”，所以用how表示“如何”。
37. To 考查介词。句意：在某种程度上，是舆论加快了案件的审理。本句中表示“在某种程度上”；to some extent意为“在某种程度上”，句首单词首字母大写。
38. but 考查连词。句意：网络不是法庭，但我们心中总有一个正义的天平。空格处连接两个句子，所以需要填入连词；前后句为转折关系。