中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
点拨易错 攻克难点 专题7 :三大从句(教师版)
易错点一：混淆句子类型
调研1：Chinese government is now emphasizing the revolution of the finance industry ,_______leaves the younger generation with the impression________though banking is a traditional industry , there are still a lot of development opportunities.
答案:which; that
【易错分析】 句意:中国政府现在正在强调金融行业的革命,这给年轻一代留下了这样的印象:虽然银行业是一个传统行业,但仍然有很多发展机会。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,第一空引导非限制性定语从句,对主句进行补充说明,关系代词指代前面整个主句的内容,故填 which。第二个空前为抽象名词,空后的内容解释说明 impression的具体内容,故第二空引导同位语从句。又该同位语从句不缺成分且句意完整,故用 that引导。
调研2: In mid-September，_________their seedless white grapes ripen, local farmers are busy picking grapes , which will be transported to all parts of the country.
答案:when
【易错分析】 考生易误认为此处应用 when 或if 引导时间或条件状语从句。句意:九月中旬,当无籽白葡萄成熟时,当地农民正忙着采摘葡萄,它们将被运往全国各地。分析句子:which 前的部分包含两个谓语动词(ripen,are),且中间无连接词,再根据句意以及空前的表示时间的介词短语可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为 mid-September,表示时间,关系词在从句中作状语,故用关系副词 when。
调研3: It is reported ________over 100 ,000 people took part in a parade at Beijing's Tian'anmen Square on the morning of Oct. 1, National Day , to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
答案:that
【易错分析】 句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有十多万人在北京天安门广场参加了游行来庆祝中华人民共和国成立 70周年。It is reported that..."据报道···..."是常用句型,该句型中I 为形式主语,that 引导的主语从句为真正的主语。
调研4： After the roast duck is ready , it is brought to the diners , in front of_________ a chef will skillfully slice the juicy meat.
答案:whom/who
【易错分析】 句意;烤鸭烤好后被端给用餐者,厨师会在用餐者面前熟练地将多汁的肉切成片。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为 diners,指人,关系词在从句中作in onl of 的宾语，用关系代词whom/who。
调研5： There used to be a house at the top of the hill , and in front of___________stood a big tree.
答案;it
【易错分析】 句意:过去在山顶上曾有一幢房子,房子的前面有一棵大树。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,句中的 and 连接两个并列分句,所以空处用 指代前面出现过的 house 以避免重复。如果此处没有and,则填 which。
调研6： The story has it________ back in 1809, the war between these two countries drove people down to Phang Nga Bay, hence the new settlement that has now become the province's municipal seat.
答案：that
【易错分析】 句意:传闻,1809 年,这两国间的战争将人们向南驱赶到攀牙湾,因此,新的定居点现在成为该省的市政所在地。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处考查The story has it that..."据说/传闻··...."结构,其中it 为形式宾语,真正的宾语为 that引导的从句。类似的结构还有:see to it that 确保,务使;take it that 设想认为;insist on it that 坚持。
调研7： Lately Peter is fascinated by Linda's latest dramatic story,________ is much better than her last one, so he is always late for parties these days.
答案:which
【易错分析】 句意:最近,Peter 迷上了 Linda 最新的戏剧性小说---这部小说比她上一部好多了,所以近来他一直聚会迟到。两个逗号中间为非限制性定语从句,从句修饰前面的 story,关系词用 which。
调研8 (1)It’s in this magical world_________Miguel gets to discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa.
(2)It really matters ________he treated the latest failure , for the examination is around the corner.
(3)__________matters most is the way he treated the latest failure , to be honest.
答案:(1)that (2)how (3)What
【易错分析】考生容易分不清句子类型而误用连接词。(1)句意:就是在这个神奇的世界里,Miguel发现了关于他的高祖的真相。把 Its 和横线去掉,剩下的部分语法正确且意义完整、通顺,可以确定此处是强调句型,强调的是地点状语,故填 that。(2)分析结构可知,It是形式主语,真正的主语是"____he treated the latest failure",且此句子部分主谓宾俱全,应该考虑填连接副词,根据句意可知此处表示"如何对待......",故填how。(3)is 前面有谓语动词 matters,说明此处是句子作主语,空处引导主语从句,且从句本身缺少主语,应用连接代词 What,What 相当于"The thing that"。本题易误填That,虽然that 可以引导主语从句,但是 that 在其所引导的主语从句中不作任何成分,只起连接作用。
易错点二：并列连词和状语从句连接词的误用
调研1： Looking around the streets of London，you’ll see many people on different means of transport, ________it's on a commute to work, a trip to the shops ,or a sightseeing tour.
答案:whether
【易错分析】 此题易误用 if。句意:环顾伦敦的街道,你会看到许多人乘坐不同方式的交通工具,无论是上下班、购物还是观光旅行。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导让步状语从句。whether...or...表示"无论是·....·还是·....."。答案:whether
调研2： It was quite a while ______Mike became calm and thanked them.
答案:before
【易错分析】 此题易误用连词 since。句意:过了好一会儿,迈克才平静下来,向他们道谢。根据句意可知,此处为"It be + 时间段 + before..."句型,意为"过了多长时间.....·才......"。
调研3： Now thanks to the efforts of a number of young programmers, discovering the proper classification for each piece of household waste has become as simple as taking a photo__________calling someone using your smartphone
答案:or
【易错分析】本题难点在于句意分析。句意:现在,由于许多年轻程序员的努力发现每一块家庭垃圾的正确分类已经变得像拍照或用智能手机打电话那么简单。根据句意可知，"拍照"(taking a photo)和"用智能手机打电话"(calling someone using yoursmartphone)两个动作之间是选择关系，用并列连词 or。
调研4: (1)_______the middle classes get wealthier in the emerging market( 新兴市场国家)，their travel budgets grow.
__________the crowds walking into the square, the opening ceremony began.
答案:(1)As (2)With
【易错分析】本题组易误用介词 with 和 as。(1)句意:随着新兴市场国家的中产阶级越来越富裕,他们的旅行预算也在增长。as 用作连词,意为"随着”,引导时间状语从句。(2)句意:随着人群走进广场,开幕式开始了。根据语境并分析句子结构可知,此处为"with +名词+现在分词"复合结构作伴随状语。注意:介词 with 有”随着"之意,但不能引导状语从句,而 as 可以引导从句。不能受汉语思维的影响而误用。
易错检测
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或改正句中的错误:
1.It is difficult for you to show no respect for him________you have ever loved Kobe or not.
2.Testing holds great attraction_______it is neutral,indifferent to a student's background and wealth. But this is not how the current system functions.
3.On the other hand,________they cannot say exactly why , mental health experts say some research suggests that city life might hurt our mental health.
4.In recent years several studies have examined whether deliberately smiling can make changes to how people feel psychologically during races ,_______few have looked at the physical effect on sports performance.
5.The computer developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_________it was built as an analytical machine.
6.There was a time when I was so proud_____I overlooked my classmates , refusing to work together with them.
参考答案
whether 句意:无论你是否喜欢过科比,你都很难对他表示出不尊重。根据句意可知,此处用 whether...or not引导让步状语从句。注意:if(是否)不能与or not 连用。
2.because 句意:考试之所以具有巨大的吸引力,是因为它没有倾向性,不关注学生的背景和财富。但这不是当前考试系统的运作方式。由句意及句子结构可知,此处表示原因,语气较强,应用because 引导原因状语从句。
3.though/although/while 句意:另一方面,虽然他们不能确切地说出原因,但心理健康专家说,一些研究表明,城市生活可能会损害我们的心理健康。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,此处应用 though/although/while引导让步状语从句。
4.but 句意:近年来,有几项研究已经检验了刻意微笑是否能改变人们在比赛时的心理感受,但很少有研究注意身体对运动成绩的影响。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空前后是转折关系,所以用并列连词 but。
5.before 句意:计算机的发展非常缓慢,在它作为一种分析机器被开发之前花了近200年的时间。根据句意可知,此处应用 before 引导时间状语从句。
6.that 句意:曾经有段时间我非常骄傲,忽略了同学们,拒绝和他们一起学习。so..that...为常用结构,意为"如此··...·以至于......"
易错点三： 定语从关系词的误用
调研1： It was about 3 :00 in the afternoon when my coworker called me,_________was weird because she was working in the room right next to me.
答案:which
【易错分析】 本题易因不清楚先行词指代对象而导致关系词误用。句意:下午三点左右我的同事打电话给我,这很奇怪,因为她就在我旁边的房间里工作。空处所在白为非限制性定语从句,关系词指代前面的"it was about..called me”,且从句中缺少主语所以用 which。
调研2： Beijing Opera has a history of about 200 years,_______origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui Opera.
答案:whose
【易错分析】 此题易误认为 200 years 为先行词。句意:京剧有约 200 年的历史它的起源可以追溯到古老的地方戏,特别是徽剧。定语从句修饰先行词 Beijing Opera,从句中origin 缺少定语,故用关系代词 whose 引导定语从句。
调研3： Mochi is made by putting sticky rice into water overnight and pounding it into asticky paste. The paste is made into shapes , some of______are stuffed with sweet fillings
答案:which
【易错分析】此题考生易误填 them。句意:糯米团是将糯米放入水中过夜,然后把它捣成面团。这种面团被弄成各种形状,有些被装了甜馅。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 shapes,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,用关系代词 which。注意:如果 some 前有and,则为并列句,用代词 them。
调研4： Thomas was the first person to______I spoke after arriving in Washington D.C.
答案:whom
【易错分析】 句意:到达华盛顿后,我最先和托马斯说话。分析句子结构可知Ispoke...D.C."为定语从句,先行词是 the first person,关系词在从句中作" toto的宾语,用 whom 引导定语从句。注意:关系词在从句中作主语时不能用 whom。
调研5： "The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but also on practical use of Alin daily life " said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University,_______ is also a contributor to the book.
答案:who
【易错分析】本题考生易由于分不清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句而犯错。句意:"这本教材不仅关注人工智能的基础(知识),还关注人工智能在日常生活中的实际应用，"华东师范大学教授陈宇昆说,他也是这本书的撰稿人。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是 Chen Yukun,从句中缺少主语,用关系代词who。关系词 that 不可引导非限制性定语从句。
调研6： If we travel on buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants , we are likely___to have conversations___________we give information or opinions , receive news or comment and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.
答案:where
【易错分析】此题考生易因没有弄清 conversations 表示抽象意义的地点而犯错句意:如果我们乘公共汽车旅行,在商店买东西或在餐馆吃饭,我们可能进行交谈,在交谈中我们提供信息或意见,接收新闻或评论,并且我们的观点很可能会受到社会其他成员的质疑。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词为 conversations表示抽象意义的地点,关系词在从句中作状语,用关系副词 where。表示抽象意义的地点的词还有:point，situation，job 等。
调研7： As the strongest animal selected by Chinese people, dragon has the strongest power
_________helps it go to the sky and the sea,and make cloud and rain.
答案:that
【易错分析】本题考生易因对只能用 that 的特殊情况掌握不好而导致关系词误用。句意:作为中国人选择的最强壮的动物,龙有最强大的力量帮助它上天入海,兴云布雨。分析句子结构可知,"helps it go to the sky...rain"修饰 power,为定语从句关系词在从句中作主语,指物;先行词被形容词的最高级修饰,关系词用 that 而不用which。
易错检测
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或改正句中的错误:
Despite this, the term was not known to the academic world until the 20th century ,____________explorer Sven Hedin wrote a book titled "The Silk Road" in 1938.
2.Written Chinese has also become an important means by__________China's present isconnected with its past.
3.They're related to China's high-tech innovation (创新)，___________has improved the qualitof people's lives, according to a survey made by the Belt and Road Research Institute olBeijing Foreign Studies University.
4.To Chinese people, seals are the art of deep cultural roots ,___________combine the
essence of both calligraphy(书法) and sculpture and inspire generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.
5.In fact, IELTS is the only English language test____________is accepted by countries that
require immigrants.
6.They head for the center of the storm,___________there's no wind, and also search for thestrongest winds , to help people on the coast be prepared for what's coming.
7.The city has special facilities for cyclists ,____________can be used for free.
8.Oxford University Museum of Natural History is a nesting site for about 60 pairs of swifts ,__________have been the subject of a study since 1948, making it one of the longestcontinuous studies of a single bird species in the world.
9. At the center of the square , the summertime fountain has turned to the ice,_______young children were playing.
10.There was a smell of printing ink and leather in the room ________told me that it was
full of books.
11.So far, the school has invited an expert in Chinese characters to the campus ,__________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology.
12.There have been studies___________people were taken out of an urban environment into arural environment, and their symptoms would improve.
参考答案
when 句意;尽管如此,这个术语直到 20 世纪才为学术界所知,当时探险家斯文·赫定在1938 年写了一本名为《丝绸之路》的书。定语从句修饰先行词 the 20th century,先行词表示时间,关系词在从句中起状语的作用,故用关系副词 when。
2.which 句意:书面汉语也成为将中国的现在与过去联系起来的重要手段。定语从句修饰先行词means,关系词在从句中作介词 by 的宾语,此处是“介词+关系代词which"引导的定语从句。
3.which 句意:根据北京外国语大学”一带一路"研究院的一项调查,它们与中国的高科技创新有关,高科技创新提高了人们的生活质量。根据句意并分析句子结构可知空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 high-tech innovation,关系词在从句中作主语用关系代词which。
4.which 句意:对中国人来说,印章是一种有着深厚文化底蕴的艺术,它融合了书法和雕塑的精髓,激励着一代又一代的人去学习、去欣赏、去收藏。空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词 seals 指物,故填 which。
5.that 句意:事实上,雅思是需要移民的国家唯一接受的英语语言测试。空处引导定语从句,先行词 English language test 被 the only 修饰,关系代词用that。
6.where 句意:他们前往没有风的风暴中心,也寻找最强的风,帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。空处所在句修饰 center,为定语从句,关系词在从句中作地点状语,填关系副词 where。
7.which 句意:这个城市有专门为骑自行车的人提供的设施,可以免费使用。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 special facilities,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,所以用which 引|导非限制性定语从句。注意先行词并非 cyclists.
8.which 句意牛津大学自然历史博物馆是约 60 对雨燕的筑巢地,自1948 年以来雨燕一直是一项研究的主题,使这项研究成为世界上对单一鸟类进行的持续时间最长的研究之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 swifts,指物,且关系词在从句中作主语,故用关系代词 which。
9.where 句意:广场中央,夏日喷泉变成了溜冰场,小孩子们在那里玩耍。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为 the ice(溜冰场),指地点,从句中缺状语,用 where。
10.which/that 句意:房间里面有一股油墨和皮革的味道,这说明这里满是书。空处引导定语从句,修饰 smell,关系代词在从句中作主语,故用 which/that。
11,whose 句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字方面的专家来学校,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 anexpert,且关系词在从句中作定语,故用 whose。
13.where 句意:有研究表明,人们从城市环境被带到乡村环境,他们的症状会改善。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是 studies,此处表示抽象意义的地点,关系词在从句中起状语的作用,用关系副词 where。
易错点 4名词性从句引导词的误用
调研1: Part of the reason why Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield,was__________it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
答案:that
[易错分析] 句意:查尔斯·狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说《大卫·科波菲尔》的部分原因是小说非常贴近他本人的生活。第一个系动词 was 后为完整的句子,故缺连接词引导表语从句,从句不缺少成分且意义完整,应用 that 来引导表语从句。
调研2: (1)We don't respect________we think is better than us , we don't respect poor and
old people, and we don't respect who we feel is not better than us. So how can we
win respect
The oldest bamboo articles in China were unearthed from the remains of a primitivesociety that existed some 7 , 000 years ago in___________is now Hemudu ,Yuyao ,Zhejiang.
答案:(1)who (2)what
[易错分析] 本组题考生易因对句子成分分析错误而误用引导词。(1)此题易误用 whom 引导宾语从句。句意:我们不尊重那些我们认为比我们优秀的人,我们不尊重穷人和老人,我们也不尊重那些我们觉得不如我们的人。那我们怎能赢得尊重 分析句子结构可知,we think 为插入语,空处指人且在从句中作主语,所以用 who 引导宾语从句(2)此题考生易受句中地点的影响而误用连接词 where。句意:中国最古老的竹器是在距今约7000 年的现在名为浙江余姚河姆渡的原始社会遗址中出土的。分析句子结构可知，"is now Hemudu..."作介词in 的宾语,宾语从句中缺少主语,且空处意为什么”,用what
调研3: One story about the beginnings of the birthday cake is________it started with the
Greeks,who made round cakes representing the full moon.
答案:that
[易错分析] 此题考生易因不理解句意或不会分析句子成分而误用其他连接词句意:一个关于生日蛋糕起源的故事是它始于希腊人,他们制作了代表满月的圆形蛋糕句中One story 是主语,系动词is 后为表语从句,从句句意完整,且不缺少成分,所以用that 引导表语从句。
调研4: Carbage sorting and recycling has become a hot topic in Shanghai because of China’s first compulsive garbage-separation law__________every household and institution shall
classify waste into four categories.
答案:that
[易错分析] 此题易误用连接词 which。句意:由于中国首部强制垃圾分类法规一一每个家庭和机构都要将垃圾分为四类,垃圾分类和回收利用已经成为上海的一个热门话题。分析句子结构可知,aw 后面的部分用来解释"law”的具体内容,所以此处是同位语从句,且从句中不缺少成分,应用 that 引导。
调研5: _________is considered top of this year's popular activities are as follows :taking some friends to take part in rally racing, helicopter lessons, plane trips parachuting,etc.
答案:What
[易错分析] 此题易误用代词 It。句意为"被认为是今年最受欢迎的活动如下:带一些朋友参加拉力赛、直升机课程、飞机旅行、跳伞等"。分析句子结构可知，"is considered top of this year's popular activities"为主语从句,且从句中缺少主语,指物,所以用What 引导主语从句。答案:What
调研6: I don't remember__________it first started annoying me -- her hands pushing my hair that way. Finally, one night, I shouted at her, " Don't do that anymore -- your handsare too rough!"
答案:when
[易错分析]空处所在句句意:我不记得她的手那样拨弄我的头发最初是什么时候开始让我感到不愉快的。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,"it first startedannoying me"作remember 的宾语,为宾语从句,引导词在从句中作时间状语,故用 when来引导。
易错检测
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或改正句中的错误:
1.He was treated immediately , but as usual, some people point out_________necessary it is toget rid of our beautiful and unique animals, so that they do not bite anyone again.
2.It began in June of 2018, when, as part of an effort to fight the enduring problem ofsegregation(种族隔离)，Mayor Bill de Blasio announced his intention________the testingrequirement should be discontinued for admission to the city's eight selective high schools.
3._______makes them so fascinating is their organization. Although each insect has certain8tasks to perform, the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living organism.
4. China is beginning to lead the world in innovation in some ways. This is partly______China skipped over the PC era and went directly into the mobile Internet era.
5.But the good news is__________some mountaineers are cleaning up Oomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition which has been cleaning up the rubbish since 2008.
6.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing________she was heading.
7. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here goes down to $ 20 , half of_________it used to charge.
8.(1)Id like to know___________you have double rooms available on the 4th floor.
(2)It doesn't matter________you turn right or left at the crossing -- both roads lead to the park.
(3)__________you have double rooms available on the 4th floor hasn't been known so far.
(4)The question of________you have double rooms available on the 4th floor hasn't beenanswered so far.
(5)The questionwe________the students answered correctly hasn't been answered so far.
(6)_________we like a particular piece of news or not, all we have to do is to sit in front of the TV and let it happen.
(7)_________it were not for his shortcomings , he would be a fairly good teacher.
9.(1)I never understand_________it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.
(2)Nobody knows for certain_______became of the horses , or how he got rid of them..
(3)She told them her husband had taken the money and never told her________he did with it.
(4)Now in order to determine____we deal with this issue , we must find the answer to the very important, but simple question: Who threatens the peace
(5)At first Andrew didn't know______I was. A month later, he found out I was a doctor.
(6)I was exhausted, not hoping to move a bit. What I wanted to know was_______ far it was.
(7) When he returned, I asked him_____he liked it."Terrible" was his answer.
(8) When he returned, I asked him_______he thought of it."Terrible" was his answer.
10.(1)A victim is a person, animal, or thing _______suffers apin ,death,harm,etc.
(2)It is only a man who is quite experienced_______can fulfill this task.
(3)I would like to express my thanks for all _________you have done.you have done.
(4)I would like to express my thanks for_______ you have done.
11.(1)The way_______he thought of to solve the problem was practical in deed.
(2)The thought of the way in_______she had been treated made her angry.
(3)The thought of the way_________she had been treated made her angry.
12.(1) We hope to get such a good tool_________he is using.we want to have one too.
(2)He has such a useful tool_______which you first came to Peking University
13.(1)Do you still remember the day________which you first came to Peking University
(2)Do you still remember the year_________which you first came to Peking University
参考答案
1.how 句意:他立即得到了治疗,但像往常一样,有些人指出,扔掉我们美丽而独特的动物有多么必要,这样它们就不会再咬人了。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,表程度,修饰形容词 necessary,故用 how。
2.that 空处所在部分意为"市长 Bill de Blasio 宣布,他打算取消该市八所择优录取学生的高中的考试规定"。名词 intention 后面是其具体内容,应用tat 引导同位语从句。
3.What 句意:让它们如此迷人的是它们的条理性。尽管每只昆虫都有某些任务要做但整个蜂房或蜂群运转起来好像是一个活的有机体。第一句中出现两个动词 makesmakes themso fascinaling”为主语从句，从句中缺少主和is,且无连接词,故”语,且空处意为”什么，·..··的事物”,故用 What来引导。
4.because 此处表示部分原因是中国跳过了 PC 时代,直接进人了移动互联网时代。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处应用 because 引导表语从句。
5.that 空处所在句句意:但好消息是一些登山者正在清扫珠穆朗玛峰。分析句子结构可知,系动词is 后是表语从句,从句意义完整且不缺少成分,所以用连接词 that。
6.where 句意:简漫无目的地沿着那条林荫道走着,不知道自己要去哪里。根据句意可知.空处引导宾语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,所以用 where 引导宾语从句。
7.what 句意我们选择这家酒店是因为这里一晚的价格降到了 20 美元是以前收费的it used一半。分析句子结构可知,句中 because引导原因状语从句，"half oftocharge"是$20的同位语;of 后接宾语从;宾语从句中的 charge 缺少宾语,指事物
所以用what来引导。
9.(1) whether/if (2) whether (3) Whether (4 ) whether (5) whether(6)Whether (7)If 本组题与 whether 与f 的用法相关。第(1)题,空处表示"是否",引导宾语从句,故既可用 whether 也可用if。注意 or not 紧跟其后时，只能用whether 不能用if;在表示选择时,用 whether...or...,此时不用 i 替换 whether,故第(2)题用whether。whether...or not 引导让步状语从句,如第(6)题。that和 whether 可引导所有的名词性从句,而if引导名词性从句时,主要引导宾语从句或不在句首的主语从句。第(3)题,空处引导主语从句,第(4)题,空处位于介词of 后引导宾语从句,第(5)题,空处引导同位语从句。第(7)题,根据句中的虚拟语气可以看出,空处应用I(如果)引导虚拟条件句。注意 whether 不可以引导条件状语从句。
9.(1)how (2)what (3)what (4)how (5)what (6)how (7)how (8)what本组题涉及how与what在特定句型中的搭配问题。how 与 what本来是两个特殊疑问词,在名词性从句中可以分别作连接副词和连接代词。其中有些是固定搭配,考生需要牢记。第(1)、第(2)题,表示"发生··....,......怎么样",come about 与 how 连用become of与what连用。第(3)、第(4)题,表示"处理,应付,解决",do with 与 what 连用,deal with 与 how连用。第(5)题,根据后面的a doctor 可知,此处表示"不知道我的职业”故用 what。第(6)题,根据”not hoping to move a bit"可知此处表示“想知道有多远”用 how far表示距离。第(7)、第(8)题,询问对方的观点、看法,用“What do youthink of... "或"How do you like... "
10.(1)that (2)that (3)that (4)what 第(1)题,定语从句的先行词既有人又有物,关系代词用 hal。第(2)题,在"ITis/was +被强调部分+定语从句 +that/who+其他"这一强调句型中,被强调部分指人时通常可以用 hat 或 who,但是如果被强调部分有 who 引导的定语从句修饰,则后面要用 that,不用 who,目的是避免重复。第(3)顺,当先行词是 all，much，little，anything，something，nothing，everything，none 等不定代词时,引导定语从句的关系代词用 that。第(4)题,介词 for 后跟的是宾语从句连接词在从句中作宾语,指事物,故用 what来引导,what 相当于all that。11.(1)that/which (2)which (3)that 本组题考查 way 作为先行词时定语从句关系词的辨析。第(1)题,定语从句中介词of 缺少宾语,应用关系代词作宾语,先行词 way指物,关系词可以用 that 或 which,也可省略关系词。第(2)题,定语从句的成分相对完整,不缺少主要成分,且根据先行词 way 及短语in the way 可知"in +关系代词"在从句中作方式状语,故用 which。第(3)题,先行词是 way,关系词在定语从句中作方式状语,故可以用in which 或 that,也可以省略关系词,但根据语法填空题的特点可知,此处只能用 that。
12.(1)as (2)that 第(1)题,such...as (the same...as)是固定结构，意为"和···...一样......",其中的 as 是关系代词,引导定语从句,as 可以在从句中作主语宾语或表语。第(1)题用as 作 using 的宾语。注意,这里不能用 that,such...that 引导的是结果状语从句。第(2)题,分析句子结构并根据语境可知,此处为结果状语从句,应用 such...that...结构。
13.(1)on (2)in "介词+关系代词"引导定语从句时,介词的选用要考虑先行词与从句中的动词、形容词、名词等之间的搭配关系。第(1)题,由先行词 day 可知,此处描述的是具体日期,故介词用 on。第(2)题,句中的先行词 year 指年份,故介词用in
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点拨易错 攻克难点 专题7 :三大从句(学生版)
易错点一：混淆句子类型
调研1：Chinese government is now emphasizing the revolution of the finance industry ,_______leaves the younger generation with the impression________though banking is a traditional industry , there are still a lot of development opportunities.
调研2: In mid-September，_________their seedless white grapes ripen, local farmers are busy picking grapes , which will be transported to all parts of the country.
调研3: It is reported ________over 100 ,000 people took part in a parade at Beijing's Tian'anmen Square on the morning of Oct. 1, National Day , to celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
调研4： After the roast duck is ready , it is brought to the diners , in front of_________ a chef will skillfully slice the juicy meat.
调研5： There used to be a house at the top of the hill , and in front of___________stood a big tree.
调研6： The story has it________ back in 1809, the war between these two countries drove people down to Phang Nga Bay, hence the new settlement that has now become the province's municipal seat.
调研7： Lately Peter is fascinated by Linda's latest dramatic story,________ is much better than her last one, so he is always late for parties these days.
调研8 (1)It’s in this magical world_________Miguel gets to discover the truth about his great-great-grandpa.
(2)It really matters ________he treated the latest failure , for the examination is around the corner.
(3)__________matters most is the way he treated the latest failure , to be honest.
易错点二：并列连词和状语从句连接词的误用
调研1： Looking around the streets of London，you’ll see many people on different means of transport, ________it's on a commute to work, a trip to the shops ,or a sightseeing tour.
调研2： It was quite a while ______Mike became calm and thanked them.
调研3： Now thanks to the efforts of a number of young programmers, discovering the proper classification for each piece of household waste has become as simple as taking a photo__________calling someone using your smartphone
调研4: (1)______the middle classes get wealthier in the emerging market( 新兴市场国家),their travel budgets grow.
__________the crowds walking into the square, the opening ceremony began.
易错检测
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或改正句中的错误:
1.It is difficult for you to show no respect for him________you have ever loved Kobe or not.
2.Testing holds great attraction_______it is neutral,indifferent to a student's background and wealth. But this is not how the current system functions.
3.On the other hand,________they cannot say exactly why , mental health experts say some research suggests that city life might hurt our mental health.
4.In recent years several studies have examined whether deliberately smiling can make changes to how people feel psychologically during races ,_______few have looked at the physical effect on sports performance.
5.The computer developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years_________it was built as an analytical machine.
6.There was a time when I was so proud_____I overlooked my classmates , refusing to work together with them.
易错点三： 定语从关系词的误用
调研1： It was about 3 :00 in the afternoon when my coworker called me,_________was weird because she was working in the room right next to me.
调研2： Beijing Opera has a history of about 200 years,_______origin can date back to old local operas, especially Anhui Opera.
调研3： Mochi is made by putting sticky rice into water overnight and pounding it into asticky paste. The paste is made into shapes , some of______are stuffed with sweet fillings
调研4： Thomas was the first person to______I spoke after arriving in Washington D.C.
调研5： "The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but also on practical use of Alin daily life " said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University,_______ is also a contributor to the book.
调研6： If we travel on buses, buy things in shops, or eat in restaurants , we are likely___to have conversations___________we give information or opinions , receive news or comment and very likely have our views challenged by other members of society.
调研7： As the strongest animal selected by Chinese people, dragon has the strongest power
_________helps it go to the sky and the sea,and make cloud and rain.
易错检测
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或改正句中的错误:
Despite this, the term was not known to the academic world until the 20th century ,____________explorer Sven Hedin wrote a book titled "The Silk Road" in 1938.
2.Written Chinese has also become an important means by__________China's present isconnected with its past.
3.They're related to China's high-tech innovation (创新)，___________has improved the qualitof people's lives, according to a survey made by the Belt and Road Research Institute olBeijing Foreign Studies University.
4.To Chinese people, seals are the art of deep cultural roots ,___________combine the
essence of both calligraphy(书法) and sculpture and inspire generations to study, to appreciate and to collect.
5.In fact, IELTS is the only English language test____________is accepted by countries that
require immigrants.
6.They head for the center of the storm,___________there's no wind, and also search for thestrongest winds , to help people on the coast be prepared for what's coming.
7.The city has special facilities for cyclists ,____________can be used for free.
8.Oxford University Museum of Natural History is a nesting site for about 60 pairs of swifts ,__________have been the subject of a study since 1948, making it one of the longestcontinuous studies of a single bird species in the world.
9.At the center of the square,the summertime fountain has turned to the ice,______young children were
playing.
10.There was a smell of printing ink and leather in the room ________told me that it was
full of books.
11.So far, the school has invited an expert in Chinese characters to the campus ,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology.
12.There have been studies__________people were taken out of an urban environment into arural environment, and their symptoms would improve.
易错点 4名词性从句引导词的误用
调研1: Part of the reason why Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield,was_________it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
调研2: (1)We don't respect________we think is better than us , we don't respect poor and
old people, and we don't respect who we feel is not better than us. So how can we
win respect
The oldest bamboo articles in China were unearthed from the remains of a primitivesociety that existed some 7 , 000 years ago in___________is now Hemudu ,Yuyao ,Zhejiang.
调研3: One story about the beginnings of the birthday cake is________it started with the
Greeks,who made round cakes representing the full moon.
调研4: Carbage sorting and recycling has become a hot topic in Shanghai because of China’s first
compulsive garbage-separation law____every household and institution shall classify waste into four categories.
调研5: _________is considered top of this year's popular activities are as follows :taking some friends to take part in rally racing, helicopter lessons, plane trips parachuting,etc.
调研6: I don't remember__________it first started annoying me -- her hands pushing my hair that way. Finally, one night, I shouted at her, " Don't do that anymore -- your handsare too rough!"
易错检测
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或改正句中的错误:
1.He was treated immediately , but as usual, some people point out_________necessary it is toget rid of our beautiful and unique animals, so that they do not bite anyone again.
2.It began in June of 2018, when, as part of an effort to fight the enduring problem ofsegregation(种族隔离)，Mayor Bill de Blasio announced his intention________the testingrequirement should be discontinued for admission to the city's eight selective high schools.
3._______makes them so fascinating is their organization. Although each insect has certain8tasks to perform, the entire hive or colony appears to function as one living organism.
4. China is beginning to lead the world in innovation in some ways. This is partly______China skipped over the PC era and went directly into the mobile Internet era.
5.But the good news is__________some mountaineers are cleaning up Oomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are part of Eco Everest Expedition which has been cleaning up the rubbish since 2008.
6.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing________she was heading.
7. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here goes down to $ 20 , half of_________it used to charge.
8.(1)Id like to know___________you have double rooms available on the 4th floor.
(2)It doesn't matter________you turn right or left at the crossing -- both roads lead to the park.
(3)__________you have double rooms available on the 4th floor hasn't been known so far.
(4)The question of________you have double rooms available on the 4th floor hasn't beenanswered so far.
(5)The questionwe________the students answered correctly hasn't been answered so far.
(6)_________we like a particular piece of news or not, all we have to do is to sit in front of the TV and let it happen.
(7)_________it were not for his shortcomings , he would be a fairly good teacher.
9.(1)I never understand_________it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.
(2)Nobody knows for certain_______became of the horses , or how he got rid of them..
(3)She told them her husband had taken the money and never told her________he did with it.
(4)Now in order to determine____we deal with this issue , we must find the answer to the very important, but simple question: Who threatens the peace
(5)At first Andrew didn't know______I was. A month later, he found out I was a doctor.
(6)I was exhausted, not hoping to move a bit. What I wanted to know was_______ far it was.
(7) When he returned, I asked him_____he liked it."Terrible" was his answer.
(8) When he returned, I asked him_______he thought of it."Terrible" was his answer.
10.(1)A victim is a person, animal, or thing _______suffers apin ,death,harm,etc.
(2)It is only a man who is quite experienced_______can fulfill this task.
(3)I would like to express my thanks for all _________you have done.you have done.
(4)I would like to express my thanks for_______ you have done.
11.(1)The way_______he thought of to solve the problem was practical in deed.
(2)The thought of the way in_______she had been treated made her angry.
(3)The thought of the way_________she had been treated made her angry.
12.(1) We hope to get such a good tool_________he is using.we want to have one too.
(2)He has such a useful tool_______which you first came to Peking University
13.(1)Do you still remember the day________which you first came to Peking University
(2)Do you still remember the year_________which you first came to Peking University
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