Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?单词整理 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit3单词整理
名词n.
rubbish 垃圾；废弃物 a rubbish bag/bin 垃圾袋 / 桶 The streets were littered with rubbish. Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics, glass and paper. There's absolute rubbish on television tonight. Residents are advised not to put their rubbish bags on the pavement outside their houses. Officers had found a large bread knife on the rubbish tip.
floor地板 a wooden/concrete/marble, etc. floor 木质、水泥、大理石等地面 The body was lying on the kitchen floor. The floor of the car was covered in cigarette ends. Her office is on the second floor.楼层 The children left dirty marks all over the kitchen floor. Jobs are at risk, not just on the factory floor but throughout the business. There is a fire exit on each floor of the building.
mess 杂乱；不整洁 The room was in a mess. / The kids made a mess in the bathroom. The economy is in a mess. 经济陷入了困境 The biggest question is how they got into this mess in the first place. There's a mess of fish down there, so get your lines in the water. 许多；大量 Careful─you're messing my hair. 使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱 If you cancel now you'll mess up all my arrangements. 把...弄糟；胡乱地做
shirt衬衫 This shirt is great for anyone who wants to make a fashion statement. This shirt I bought is too small ─ I'll have to change it for a bigger one. I left him in the market haggling over the price of a shirt. His shirt was spotted with oil. / These shirts are 100% pure cotton.
finger手指 She ran her fingers through her hair. Hold the material between finger and thumb. He was about to speak but she raised a finger to her lips. Don't let the chance to work abroad slip through your fingers. You're going to have to pull your finger out if you want to pass this exam. There was something odd about him but I couldn't put my finger on it.
stress 精神压力；心理负担 Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress. 精神压力；心理负担 She failed to withstand the stresses and strains of public life. Stress is often a factor in the development of long-term sickness. When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body.压力 She lays great stress on punctuality. 强调；重要性 I think the company places too much stress on cost and not enough on quality. We worked on pronunciation, stress and intonation. 重音；重读 He stressed the importance of a good education. 强调；着重 I must stress that everything I've told you is strictly confidential. It must be stressed that this disease is very rare. I try not to stress out when things go wrong. （使）焦虑不安，疲惫不堪
fairness 公正性；合理性 He says the new document will guarantee fairness for blacks in Georgia. He has a good overall sense of justice and fairness. There is much more to be said, in all fairness, on both sides of the issue. He was praised for his fairness and high integrity. Will she get everything she fights for — freedom, fairness and true love
neighbor邻居 She was living alone, begging food from neighbors. The villagers sentenced one man to five lashes for stealing a ham from his neighbor. Progress has been made towards a political compromise between the two neighboring countries. She can spend a whole day gossiping with her neighbors.
动词v.
fold 折叠；对折 He folded the map up and put it in his pocket. 折叠，对折 First, fold the paper in half/in two. / The bird folded its wings. The bed can be folded away during the day. 折小，叠平 The table folds up when not in use. She gently folded the baby in a blanket. 包；裹 the folds of her dress / loose folds of skin 褶；褶层；折叠部分 He folded the papers and stuck them in his desk drawer.
sweep-swept 打扫 The showroom had been emptied and swept clean. 打扫；清扫 He swept the leaves up into a pile. 扫去；清除 The little boat was swept out to sea. 吹走，冲走，带走 She let herself be swept along by the crowd. Rain swept in through the broken windows. 猛烈吹过；掠过；席卷；横扫 Strong winds regularly sweep the islands. Without another word she swept out of the room.步态轻盈地走；大模大样地走 A wave of tiredness swept over her. / Memories came sweeping back. 突然袭来 Rumors of his resignation swept through the company. 迅速传播 His eyes swept around the room. / Searchlights swept the sky. 扫视；掠过；搜索
throw-threw 扔；掷 Stop throwing stones at the window! 投；掷；抛；扔 She threw the ball up and caught it again. They had a competition to see who could throw the furthest. Just throw your bag down over there. 摔；丢；扔 The boat was thrown onto the rocks. 猛推；使劲撞 The sea throws up all sorts of debris on the beach. I threw open the windows to let the smoke out. Hundreds were thrown out of work. 使处于，使陷入（某种状态） The problem was suddenly thrown into sharp focus.
pass给;递;走过;通过 Several people were passing but nobody offered to help. The road was so narrow that cars were unable to pass. You'll pass a bank on the way to the train station. She passed me in the street without even saying hello. Pass the salt, please. / Pass that book over. 给；递；传递 He passed the ball to Owen. 传球 On his death, the title passed to his eldest son. 转移给，遗留给 Six months passed and we still had no news of them. 推移；逝去 We grew more anxious with every passing day. I'm not really expecting to pass first time. 及格；合格 She hasn't passed her driving test yet. His mother passed away last year. （婉辞，指去世）亡故 The procession passed right by my front door. 通过；经过
borrow 借用 Members can borrow up to ten books from the library at any one time. She borrowed 2 000 from her parents. The author borrows heavily from Henry James. 引用，借用（思想、言语等） Some musical terms are borrowed from Italian. It's all right to borrow money occasionally, but don't let it become a habit. The high cost of borrowing is inhibiting investment by industry in new equipment. Investors can borrow an amount equal to the property's purchase price.
lend-lent借给；借出 Can you lend me your car this evening / Has he returned that book you lent him The bank refused to lend the money to us. The setting sun lent an air of melancholy to the scene. 给...增加，增添 Her presence lent the occasion a certain dignity. I was more than happy to lend my support to such a good cause. The real headache will be getting the bank to lend you the money. The neighbors are always willing to lend a hand.
hate厌恶；讨厌 She's a person who hates to make mistakes. I hate to think what would have happened if you hadn't been there. She would have hated him to see how her hands shook. I hate to say it , but I don't think their marriage will last. 不愿，不想 I hate to trouble you, but could I use your phone Plastic flowers have always been a particular hate of mine. I hate to think what would have happened if you hadn't been there.
provide提供；供应 The hospital has a commitment to provide the best possible medical care. We are here to provide a service for the public.= provide the public with a service. The first year provides students with a sound theoretical basis for later study. The exhibition provides evidence of several new directions in her work. Being back with their family should provide emotional stability for the children. These trees provide the raw material for high-quality paper. Respect and friendship provide a solid foundation for marriage.
depend 依靠；信赖 Starting salary varies from 26 000 to 30 500, depending on experience. He either resigned or was sacked, depending on who you talk to. ‘Is he coming ’ ‘That depends. He may not have the time.’ I don't know if we can help─it all depends. He knew he could depend upon her to deal with the situation. The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study. The chances of a full recovery will depend on the severity of her injuries.
develop发展；壮大 The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort. The child is developing normally. / She developed the company from nothing. The company develops and markets new software. 开发；研制 Her son developed asthma when he was two. 患（病）；出现（问题） The car developed engine trouble and we had to stop. We need more time to see how things develop before we take action. 发展，变化 I had the film developed yesterday. 冲洗（胶片） She later developed a taste for expensive nightclubs. 养成(习惯);获得(名声) Limited resources are restricting our capacity for developing new products.
drop落下；掉下 The climber slipped and dropped to his death. Be careful not to drop that plate. （意外地）落下，掉下，使落下 Medical supplies are being dropped into the stricken area. He staggered in and dropped into a chair. （故意）降下，使降落，使落下 The temperature has dropped considerably. （使）变弱，降低，减少 His voice dropped to a whisper. / The Dutch team have dropped to fifth place. Can you drop me near the bank 中途卸客；中途卸货 You left your jacket, but I can drop it off on my way to work tomorrow. Drop me a line when you get there. （给某人）寄，送，写（信） She's been dropped from the team because of injury. 遗漏；省略；不予考虑 I dropped German (= stopped studying it) when I was 14. 停止；终止；放弃 Drop everything and come at once! The police decided to drop the charges against her. drops of rain雨滴 / a drop of blood 一滴血 a drop in prices/temperature, etc. 价格、温度等下降 a dramatic/sharp drop in profits 利润大幅度 / 急剧下降
形容词adj.
ill 有病；不舒服 Her father is seriously ill in St Luke's hospital. 有病；不舒服 We both started to feel ill shortly after the meal. He resigned because of ill health (= he was often ill). 坏的；不良的；有害的 She suffered no ill effects from the experience. The animals had been grossly ill-treated. 恶劣地；讨厌地 They live in an area ill served by public transport. 差劲；不足 Her daughters visited him from time to time when he was ill. The company went bankrupt because of ill management.
fair合理的；公正的 a fair deal/wage/price/question公平交易/合理的工资/公道的价格/恰当的问题 Was it really fair to him to ask him to do all the work It's only fair to add that they were not told about the problem until the last minute. I think it is fair to say that they are pleased with this latest offer. To be fair , she behaved better than we expected. A fair number of people came along. （数量、大小）相当大的 There's a fair chance that we might win this time. 相当好的；不错的 a fair and breezy day风和日丽的日子 The Chinese Export Commodities Fair is held in Guangzhou twice a year.
unfair 不合理的；不公正的 She was awarded 5,000 in compensation for unfair dismissal. Unfair bosses and rude customers make us unhappy on the job. Some have been sentenced to long prison terms after unfair trials. Experience has taught me that life can be very unfair. I think the whole thing is very unfair and if I may say so I think it's very sexist
副词 adv.
anyway而且；加之 I'm certain David's told you his business troubles. Anyway, it's no secret that he owes money. I don't know why I settled on Aberdeen, but anyway I did. Mary Ann doesn't want to have children. Not right now, anyway. 至少 Recession has simply accelerated changes that have been reshaping the industry anyway.
连词conj.
while 与...同时;当...时;然而 We must have been burgled while we were asleep. 在...期间；当...的时候 While I was waiting at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction. You can go swimming while I'm having lunch. 与...同时 While Tom's very good at science, his brother is absolutely hopeless. 而；然而 While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available. (句首)虽然；尽管 They chatted for a while. / I haven't seen him for quite a while. 一段时间；一会儿 We whiled away the time reading and playing cards. 自在地度过，消磨（时间） The effects of global warming, while not immediate, are potentially catastrophic.
兼词类
neither adv.也不 pron.两者都不 Neither answer is correct. / Neither of them has/have a car. They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions. I hadn't been to New York before and neither had Jane. I neither knew nor cared what had happened to him. Neither the TV nor the video actually work/works. They produced two reports, neither of which contained any useful suggestions.
waste n.浪费;垃圾 v.浪费;滥用 waste time/food/energy浪费时间 / 食物 / 能源 Why waste money on clothes you don't need You're wasting your time trying to explain it to him. Don't waste your sympathy on him─he got what he deserved. It was a wasted opportunity. 未充分利用；使...屈才 You're wasted as a sales manager─you should have been an actor. It seems such a waste to throw good food away. The report is critical of the department's waste of resources. These meetings are a complete waste of time. They believe the statue is a waste of taxpayers' money. The car was found on a piece of waste ground. 荒芜的；废弃的 Waste water is pumped from the factory into a nearby river.
since conj.因为；既然 prep./conj./adv.自.以来 He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him since. 从...以来 The original building has long since (= long before now) been demolished. We were divorced two years ago and she has since remarried. 此后；后来 It was the first time I'd had visitors since I'd moved to London. 自...以来 We thought that, since we were in the area, we'd stop by and see them. 因为;既然 He's been working in a bank since leaving school. That was years ago. I've changed jobs since then. Since there is no shortcut, you'll have to come round by the park.
非粗体词
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 His father forced him to take out the rubbish. Methods are found to take these materials out of the rubbish and use them again.
all the time 频繁；反复 The gap between the two top teams is closing all the time. I get the two of them mixed up all the time, they're so similar. This technique is becoming more refined and more acceptable all the time. They argued all the time and thought it couldn't be good for the baby. She was fully conscious all the time and knew what was going on.
as soon as 一...就... Welfare payments cease as soon as an individual starts a job. As soon as the opportunity presented itself, she would get another job. Our neighbors made us welcome as soon as we arrived. As soon as relations improve they will be allowed to go. The new building programme will go ahead as soon as the government releases the funds. I would be grateful if you could send the completed form back as soon as possible.
chore 杂务；乏味无聊工作 doing the household/domestic chores 干家务杂活 Shopping's a real chore for me. 令人厌烦的任务；乏味无聊的工作 Fortunately, the chore of leaf sweeping is well worth the effort. Chinese consumers might find keeping track of new brands a bit of chore. Ironing is such a tedious chore! There's no fun and it always takes me at least half an hour!
in order to 目的是；为了 We stood up in order to get a better view. Police forces across the country are pooling resources in order to solve this crime. Each group will have the same set of questions, in order to ensure comparability. In order to get a complete picture, further information is needed. I go swimming every day in order to keep fit. Doctors examine their patients thoroughly in order to make a correct diagnosis. They're putting up new hotels in order to boost tourism in the area.
depend on 依靠；信赖 The success or failure of the plan depends on you. Size of pension depends partly on length of service with the company. The community depends on the shipping industry for its survival. The opportunities available will depend on your previous work experience and qualifications.
independence 独立 The country gained its independence ten years ago. A good teacher encourages independence of thought. He came to symbolize his country's struggle for independence. Parents' natural desire to protect their children should be counterbalanced by the child's need for independence.
take care of 照顾；处理 We’ve asked my mother to take care of/look after the kids while we’re away. You can borrow my camera if you promise to take care of/look after it. When my parents were away, my grandmother would take care of me. She sacrificed a promising career to take care of her family.
independent 独立的；自主的 Mozambique became independent in 1975. an independent inquiry/witness 独立的调查；无偏见的证人 She went to a lawyer for some independent advice. 独立意见 The police force should be independent of direct government control. Two independent research bodies reached the same conclusions.不受影响的；无关联的 independent television/schools 私营电视台；私立学校 Going away to college has made me much more independent.自主的；有主见的 Students should aim to become more independent of their teachers. It was important to me to be financially independent of my parents.自立的;自食其力的