2024届高考英语二轮复习 It 的用法详解 知识清单
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习 It 的用法详解 知识清单 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-05-06 14:43:03 | ||
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It 的用法详解
代词中的it是历年高考的重要考点，近几年仍表现为热门命题点。然而，命题者会更加注重的在特定语言环境中对代词的理解，以及it充当形式主语或形式宾语等的用法。英语中it有许多巧妙用法，指具体事物、前文已提到的或下文要提到的事物，可作为形式主语、形式宾语，可用于强调句或某些句型结构中等。灵活运用it可使作文结构更紧凑，提升得分层次。下面分类介绍一下it的十八种用法。
一、做形式主语：为了避免头重脚轻，在英语中经常用it作形式主语，动词不定式（短语）或从句，作真正主语，有时候也可以用动名词（短语）作主语。
It is+形容词+for+sb.+to do sth.(important/ necessary/ common /difficult /impossible...)
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.
It is+(心理品质方面的)形容词+of+sb.+to do sth(Kind/ nice/ foolish/cruel/right /wrong...)
It is kind of you to help me out of my trouble =You are kind to help me out of my trouble. 你真好，帮助我摆脱了麻烦。
It is/was said/reported/ thought/ expected/announced ...)+that从句，意为“据说/据报道…”
It is widely accepted that diet has a significant impact on our health. 人们普遍认为饮食对健康有重大影响。
It is impossible/necessary/strange/natural /essential ...+that从句。(从句中的谓语用should+do的形式时是虚拟语气，should可以省略)
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam. 真奇怪，他这次考试竟没有及格。
5. It is/was＋名词词组(no wonder, no surprise, an honor, a good thing, a pity ...)＋that ...；
It is a great honor that I have such a precious opportunity to make a speech here.
It would be a pity that he should have missed this film yesterday.
昨天他要是错过了这部电影，会很可惜。 (虚拟，与过去事实不符)
小贴士:① 表示客观事实时，从句不用虚拟语气；② 与客观事实不符时，从句需使用虚拟语气，与现在事实不符，从句谓语动词用should do, 与过去事实不符，从句谓语动词用should have done
6.It is suggested/ordered/commanded .......+that 从句。
(在表示建议/命令时从句的谓语动词用should do，should可省略)。
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. 有人建议推迟会议。
It seems/appears that...似乎/看起来....
[2020.浙江卷读后续写] It seemed that his mouth was full of blood and his eyes were red with anger.
他的嘴里似乎充满了血，他的眼睛因愤怒而发红。
8.It looks/seems as if/though...看起来好像...
It looks as if it is going to snow. 天看上去要下雪了。
9.it is no use/no good/fun/worthwhile /a waste of time... doing sth
It is no use staying up late if you can not concentrate on your energy.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收
10.It occurs to/comes to/hits/strikes sb that....某人突然想起....
It hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.我突然想到，像茶文化这样的传统文化具有极大的魅力和巨大的价值。
二、做形式宾语
1.it 作形式宾语，用于“动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：
“6”指常用动词：think，believe,consider,find, feel, make
“1”指形式宾语:it
“2”指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
“3”指三种真正的宾语形式：不定式，动名词和宾语从句
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
I would appreciate/ like/ love /prefer/hate/dislike it if / when...
I would appreciate it very much if you could take my suggestions into account.
4.主语+see to(确保)/ depend on/rely on/count on /...+it +that 从句；take it for granted that(认为...理所当然);owe it to sb that...(把...归功于)
eg: Nowadays it is typical of a young generation to take it for granted that parents should meet whatever they desire.
当今，年轻一代理所当然地认为父母应该满足他们的一切欲望，这是他们的典型特征。
三、用于特殊句式中
①It is/has been+时间段+since+主语+did
②It is/will be+时间段+before+主语+谓语 (before引导的是时间状语从句)
Eg:It is almost five years since we saw each other last time.自从我俩上次见面以来，几乎已经五年了。
It will be three hours before he comes back. 三个小时之后他才能回来。
2.①It is/was+表示时间的名词+when+从句
②It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句
It was a winter afternoon when we left for London. 我们前往伦敦是在一个冬天的下午。 (本句不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句)。
It was this house where I was born. 这是我出生的房子。 (定语从句)
It was in this house that I was born.我就是在这所房子里出生的。（强调句）
3. It is/was+被强调的部分+that(who)+其他 (该句型为强调句型)
①It was not until 8 o’clock that he realized he had spent the whole day on the Internet.
→Not until 8 o’clock did he realize he had spent the whole day on the Internet. 直到八点钟，他才意识到自己一整天都在上网。
② It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school today. 因为他生病了，今天才没有来上学。
③ It is Tom who/that told me about the news.是汤姆告诉了我这个消息。
注意:
当被强调部分指人时，既可以用that，也可以用who引导从句；
当被强调部分是物时，只能用 that引导从句。
It is the time and energy we spend on the present that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.
珍贵的是我们在礼物上花费的时间和精力，而非我们所花的钱。
It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.
重要的并不是故事本身而是它所反映出来的东西。
4:It is time that+从句主语+should do/did+其他 “该是…的时候了”
该句型中的time前还可以有修饰语high,about等，即 It is( high/about) time that……
It's high time that we met her at the bus stop. 到了我们去汽车站接她的时候了。
作文话题常用典型句子
It is time that the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
2.It is widely acknowledged that medical care plays an increasingly important role in our daily life.众所周知，医疗护理在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
It took them a long time to realize they had made a mistake. 过了很久，他们才意识到犯错了。
4. The final examination is coming up soon. It is time for us to get down to our studies.期末考试不久就要来了，我们该开始认真学习了。
It is no exaggeration to say that unemployment has become a major challenge for society.毫不夸张地说，失业问题已经成为社会的一大挑战。6.When it comes to making friends on the Internet，different people hold different points of view.当谈到网上交友时，不同的人持有不同的观点。
The Internet keeps us informed of the latest news without leaving home.It is no wonder that it's so popular worldwide.网络使我们足不出户就能了解最新的新闻，难怪它那么受欢迎。
8.It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.做这项工作的能力和你来自哪里或者你从事什么都没有关系。
It意思简单，用法丰富，在文章中的作用不容小觑，以上几点是it的常用句式的介绍，供大家参考。
代词中的it是历年高考的重要考点，近几年仍表现为热门命题点。然而，命题者会更加注重的在特定语言环境中对代词的理解，以及it充当形式主语或形式宾语等的用法。英语中it有许多巧妙用法，指具体事物、前文已提到的或下文要提到的事物，可作为形式主语、形式宾语，可用于强调句或某些句型结构中等。灵活运用it可使作文结构更紧凑，提升得分层次。下面分类介绍一下it的十八种用法。
一、做形式主语：为了避免头重脚轻，在英语中经常用it作形式主语，动词不定式（短语）或从句，作真正主语，有时候也可以用动名词（短语）作主语。
It is+形容词+for+sb.+to do sth.(important/ necessary/ common /difficult /impossible...)
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.
It is+(心理品质方面的)形容词+of+sb.+to do sth(Kind/ nice/ foolish/cruel/right /wrong...)
It is kind of you to help me out of my trouble =You are kind to help me out of my trouble. 你真好，帮助我摆脱了麻烦。
It is/was said/reported/ thought/ expected/announced ...)+that从句，意为“据说/据报道…”
It is widely accepted that diet has a significant impact on our health. 人们普遍认为饮食对健康有重大影响。
It is impossible/necessary/strange/natural /essential ...+that从句。(从句中的谓语用should+do的形式时是虚拟语气，should可以省略)
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam. 真奇怪，他这次考试竟没有及格。
5. It is/was＋名词词组(no wonder, no surprise, an honor, a good thing, a pity ...)＋that ...；
It is a great honor that I have such a precious opportunity to make a speech here.
It would be a pity that he should have missed this film yesterday.
昨天他要是错过了这部电影，会很可惜。 (虚拟，与过去事实不符)
小贴士:① 表示客观事实时，从句不用虚拟语气；② 与客观事实不符时，从句需使用虚拟语气，与现在事实不符，从句谓语动词用should do, 与过去事实不符，从句谓语动词用should have done
6.It is suggested/ordered/commanded .......+that 从句。
(在表示建议/命令时从句的谓语动词用should do，should可省略)。
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. 有人建议推迟会议。
It seems/appears that...似乎/看起来....
[2020.浙江卷读后续写] It seemed that his mouth was full of blood and his eyes were red with anger.
他的嘴里似乎充满了血，他的眼睛因愤怒而发红。
8.It looks/seems as if/though...看起来好像...
It looks as if it is going to snow. 天看上去要下雪了。
9.it is no use/no good/fun/worthwhile /a waste of time... doing sth
It is no use staying up late if you can not concentrate on your energy.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收
10.It occurs to/comes to/hits/strikes sb that....某人突然想起....
It hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.我突然想到，像茶文化这样的传统文化具有极大的魅力和巨大的价值。
二、做形式宾语
1.it 作形式宾语，用于“动词＋it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”即“6123”结构中：
“6”指常用动词：think，believe,consider,find, feel, make
“1”指形式宾语:it
“2”指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词
“3”指三种真正的宾语形式：不定式，动名词和宾语从句
He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed.
他清楚地表明会议不会被推迟。
I would appreciate/ like/ love /prefer/hate/dislike it if / when...
I would appreciate it very much if you could take my suggestions into account.
4.主语+see to(确保)/ depend on/rely on/count on /...+it +that 从句；take it for granted that(认为...理所当然);owe it to sb that...(把...归功于)
eg: Nowadays it is typical of a young generation to take it for granted that parents should meet whatever they desire.
当今，年轻一代理所当然地认为父母应该满足他们的一切欲望，这是他们的典型特征。
三、用于特殊句式中
①It is/has been+时间段+since+主语+did
②It is/will be+时间段+before+主语+谓语 (before引导的是时间状语从句)
Eg:It is almost five years since we saw each other last time.自从我俩上次见面以来，几乎已经五年了。
It will be three hours before he comes back. 三个小时之后他才能回来。
2.①It is/was+表示时间的名词+when+从句
②It is/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句
It was a winter afternoon when we left for London. 我们前往伦敦是在一个冬天的下午。 (本句不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句)。
It was this house where I was born. 这是我出生的房子。 (定语从句)
It was in this house that I was born.我就是在这所房子里出生的。（强调句）
3. It is/was+被强调的部分+that(who)+其他 (该句型为强调句型)
①It was not until 8 o’clock that he realized he had spent the whole day on the Internet.
→Not until 8 o’clock did he realize he had spent the whole day on the Internet. 直到八点钟，他才意识到自己一整天都在上网。
② It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school today. 因为他生病了，今天才没有来上学。
③ It is Tom who/that told me about the news.是汤姆告诉了我这个消息。
注意:
当被强调部分指人时，既可以用that，也可以用who引导从句；
当被强调部分是物时，只能用 that引导从句。
It is the time and energy we spend on the present that makes it valuable rather than the money we pay.
珍贵的是我们在礼物上花费的时间和精力，而非我们所花的钱。
It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.
重要的并不是故事本身而是它所反映出来的东西。
4:It is time that+从句主语+should do/did+其他 “该是…的时候了”
该句型中的time前还可以有修饰语high,about等，即 It is( high/about) time that……
It's high time that we met her at the bus stop. 到了我们去汽车站接她的时候了。
作文话题常用典型句子
It is time that the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
2.It is widely acknowledged that medical care plays an increasingly important role in our daily life.众所周知，医疗护理在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。
It took them a long time to realize they had made a mistake. 过了很久，他们才意识到犯错了。
4. The final examination is coming up soon. It is time for us to get down to our studies.期末考试不久就要来了，我们该开始认真学习了。
It is no exaggeration to say that unemployment has become a major challenge for society.毫不夸张地说，失业问题已经成为社会的一大挑战。6.When it comes to making friends on the Internet，different people hold different points of view.当谈到网上交友时，不同的人持有不同的观点。
The Internet keeps us informed of the latest news without leaving home.It is no wonder that it's so popular worldwide.网络使我们足不出户就能了解最新的新闻，难怪它那么受欢迎。
8.It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.做这项工作的能力和你来自哪里或者你从事什么都没有关系。
It意思简单，用法丰富，在文章中的作用不容小觑，以上几点是it的常用句式的介绍，供大家参考。