Unit 1-4期中词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. join
join是动词,意为“参加,加入”。宾语有以下几种形式:
(1) join + 表示团体或组织的名词,join意为“加入(某团体),成为……(成员)”。
例如:Yao Ming joined the NBA. 姚明加入了NBA。
(2) join + 指人的名词或代词,join意为“加入……之中”。例如:
Will you join us for lunch 和我们一起吃午饭好吗?
(3) join + in + 活动类名词,join in意为“参加(活动)。”例如:
Can you join in the game 你能参加这个游戏吗?
2. until
until意为“直到……”,有下列用法:
(1)作介词,后接时间名词,在句中作时间状语。例如:
She waited there until 9 o’clock. 她在那一直等到9点钟。
(2)作连词,后接从句,引导时间状语从句。例如:
We waited until the rain stopped. 我们等到雨停了。
【拓展】
(1)until用在肯定句中,多与持续性的动词连用。如stand/wait/stay等,表示主句动作的终止时间。例如:
I will wait here until you come back.
我会在这里等到你回来。
(2)until可用于否定句中,即not…until…意为“直到……才……”,常与非延续性动词连用。如open/start/leave/arrive等,强调主句动作开始的时间。例如:
The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back.
直到父亲回来,那个孩子才睡觉。
3. thousand
(1)thousand是数词,意为“千”,当其前面有具体数字时,用“数字+thousand+复数名词”。类似用法的还有hundred,million等。例如:
Up to five million people a year visit the county.
每年参观这个国家的人多达500万。
(2)当thousand 前面无具体数字时,常用thousands of…表示概数。 例如:
There are thousands of people in the park.
公园里有数千人。
4. manage
manage作动词,意为“管理;设法对付”。manage to do sth.意为“设法做到某事”。例如:
He managed the company when his father was away.
他父亲离开的时候,由他管理公司。
We managed to save the people in the village.
我们设法救了那个村庄的人。
【拓展】
辨析:try to do sth.与manage to do sth.
(1)try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事”,但是不一定做成。 例如:
He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。
(2)manage to do sth.则表示“设法做某事而且成功了”。例如:
He managed to pass the examination. = He succeeded in passing the examination.
他成功地通过了考试。
5. stay
(1)stay作系动词,后跟形容词作表语,意为“保持(某种状态)”。例如:
stay healthy保持健康
The library stays open all day. 图书馆整天开着。
(2)stay作不及物动词,后常接地点,意为“待在某地”。例如:
She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home.
她这些天身体不太好,不得不待在家里。
If the rain doesn’t stop, we will stay here.
如果这场雨不停的话,我们就呆在这儿。
I went to see my aunt during my stay in Beijing. 在北京逗留期间,我去看了我的姑妈。
(3)stay作名词,后接地点,意为“待在某地的时候”。例如:
I went to see my aunt during my stay in Beijing. 在北京逗留期间,我去看了我的姑妈。
6. smell
(1) smell作实义动词,意为“闻”。例如:
Please smell the soup! 请闻闻这汤!
(2) smell作系动词,意为“闻起来”,后接形容词作表语。例如:
Dinner smells good. 晚饭闻起来很香。
【拓展】
(1) 类似smell作系动词的词还有:look(看上去);feel(感觉起来、摸上去);sound(听起来);taste(品尝)等。例如:
The music sounds beautiful. 这首音乐听起来很美。
The food tastes good. 食物尝上去很香。
【注意】
smell; look等系动词不同于系动词be,它们在变疑问句或否定句时不能简单地提到主语之前或加not,而是要通过助动词do/does/ did等来帮助实现。例如:
Does it smell nice 它闻起来很好吗?
The chicken doesn’t taste good. 鸡肉尝起来不好。
How do the children look 孩子们看起来怎么样?
7. yet
(1) yet作副词,意为“到此时,至今,还,尚未”,用于否定句中。例如:
We haven’t heard from him yet. 我们还没有收到他的来信。
I’m not yet sure if we could win. 我还没有把握确定我们是否能赢。
(2) 作副词,意为“已经”,用于疑问句中。例如:
Is everything ready yet 一切准备就绪了吗?
Has the ship left yet 轮船已经离开了吗?
(3) 作副词,意为“仍然,还是”,用于肯定句中。例如:
He’s yet a child. 他还是个孩子。
(4) 作连词,意为“然而,可是”。例如:
You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year, why
你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马,然而你却让我等了一年,为什么?
He trained hard all year, yet she didn’t win a prize in the competition.
他全年都艰苦训练,然而在竞赛中却没能获奖。
【拓展】
yet和already的辨析:
yet用于疑问句或否定句时,放在句末。例如:
Have you finished yet 你完成了吗?
He hasn’t done it yet. 他还没有干完呢。
already常用于肯定陈述句中,一般位于助动词之后,实义动词之前。例如:
The train has already left. 火车已经开走了。
8. during/for
during是介词,意为“在……期间”,其后跟时间段。在引导时间状语时注意区分和for的用法,区别如下:
during用在已知的时期、节日或表示时间观念的名词之前。其后通常接the,this,that,these,those,my,your,his等词。
during the last four days 在过去的四天里
during the winter 在冬季里
during my holidays 在我的假期期间
They met and fell in love with each other during the Second World War.
他们在第二次世界大战期间相遇并相爱。
2)for则用以表示“有限的”或“无限的”时间概念,通常其后接冠词、数词、复数名词或副词ever。
for the first time 第一次 for two months 两个月
for many years 许多年 for ever 永远
He has been away for three years. 他已经离开三年了。
句式精讲
I used to go to school by bike.
used to do sth.是一个固定结构,意思是“过去经常做某事”,后面用动词原形,表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作,并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。
肯定句:I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。
否定句:You didn’t use to like pop songs.=You usedn’t to like pop songs.
你过去不喜欢流行歌曲。
一般疑问句:Did your sister use to be quiet = Used your sister to be quiet
你的妹妹过去常常是很安静吗?
there be句式:There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。
【拓展】
(1) be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”,是动词短语use …to do的被动语态结构。例如:
Knives are used to cut things.小刀是用来切东西的。
(2) be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”,to后接动词-ing形式。例如:
My father is used to living in the village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。
2. My dad has been to Chengdu on business twice.
have been to+地点名词,表示“曾经去过某地”,但现在不在那里, 后可接次数,如once,twice,three times等,表示“去过某地几次”,也可和just,never,ever等连用。
My father has been to Beijing twice.我父亲去过北京两次。
I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
Have you ever been to Beijing 你曾经去过北京吗?
【拓展】
have gone to和have been to是现在完成时的两个典型句式。have gone to+地点名词, 表示“去了某地”,可能已经到达或者在路途中,不在说话的现场。如果have gone to后接地点副词时,要省略to。
Mr. Wang isn’t here.He has gone to Qingdao.
王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。
—Where is Jim?吉姆在哪里?
—He has gone to England.他去英国了。
3. I’m interested in history books.
be interested in…结构,意为“对……感兴趣”,后面跟名词或动名词作宾语。例如:
I am very interested in the interesting story.
我对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。
They are interested in playing computer games.
他们对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。
【拓展】
辨析:interesting与interested
这两个词都是形容词。interesting表示某物本身有趣,强调主动,在句子中可以作定语、表语,多用来修饰物。interested着重于被动意义,其主语一般是人。常作表语,后接介词in,一起构成be interested in…结构,意为“对……感兴趣”。
4. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.
as…as one can/could表示“尽某人所能……”,相当于as…as possible。例如:
Please come as early as you can. = Please come as early as possible.
请尽可能早来。
Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as she can.
= Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as possible.
玲玲尽可能多地用英语与同学们交谈。
5. What do you think was the best part of the day
do you think作插入语,其位置较为灵活,可以放在句首、句中或句尾,在句尾时,常用逗号隔开,在句首时,要用陈述句语序。例如:
What do you think the robot will do 你认为这个机器人将会做什么?
Where do you think he will be 你认为他会在哪里?
When do you think he will come = Do you think when he will come = When he will come, do you think 你认为他什么时候回来?
2022~2023学年度第二学期期中质量测试
一、单项选择
1.After the UK left the European Union, British people hope to see ________even stronger country.
A. a B.an C. the D./
2.It's a pity that quite a few girls found________ a bit hard to sing the song well.
A. that B. it's C. its D.it
3.—Have you drawn the___ from your discussion
—Yes.We come to an agreement that he's not a right person for the job.
communication B. conclusion C. condition D. conversation
4. ________they get to that age, they will realize the importance of health.
A. Because B. Until C. When D. While
5.The wind was very strong and the ship sailed very slowly________ the wind.
A. for B.at C. against D. during
6. —Doctor Li, I cannot stop smoking. —But for your health, I'm afraid you________
A. have to B. must C. can D. need
7. —Nice to meet you, Lin Tao.Would you like to tell me something about Jiangsu
—All right! Jiangsu is ________ thirteen big cities. It's a good place to visit.
A. made of B. made from C. made up D. made up of
8.People in European countries are worried about______ to buy gas and oil after Russia got the sanction(制裁).
A. where B. when C. what D. how
9. —We should give the elderly as much help as we can to make our city more civilized.
—I agree. ________,we should keep in touch with them as often as we can.
A. Above all B. In all C. After all D. At all
10. —He never changes his mind. If he wants to do something, nothing or nobody can stand.—I agree.
A. on the way B.in a way C.in the way D.by the way
11.It's not ________ to be friendly. You have to be a friend.Go and talk to Sam now.
A. good enough B. late enough C. too good D. too late
12. You don't know what great trouble I had ________my broken watch work again.
A. made B. making C.to making D. make
13.—Daddy, when can I go to the sports centre with my friend —________.
A. Until you finish your homework. B. Until you will finish your homework.
C. Not until you finish your homework. D. Not until you will finish your homework.
14.The scientists are searching for another planet with conditions________ on the Earth
A. similar to that B. similar to those C. are similar to that D. are similar to those
15. —I may find a job if I go abroad. —Don't be silly.________, you know.
A. Don’t put all eggs in one basket B. Don't burn the candle at both ends
C. Actions speak louder than words D. The grass is always greener on the other side
二、完形填空
A boy was walking home from the school. Suddenly, he saw a large, red apple 16 on an apple tree. The boy didn't like fruit very much, but this time he had a 17 will to have this one. And the more he looked at it , the 18 he felt and the more he wanted that apple.
He stood on tiptoe (脚 尖), stretching as high as he could, but he was unable to 19 it. He began to jump up and down, as high as he could, but the apple was still out of 20 .
“I can't 21 !” he thought" 22 I can have something to stand on. "But his schoolbag wouldn't give enough height and he didn't want to 23 the things inside, either. Looking around, he hoped he could find an old box, a rock, or, with luck, even a ladder, 24 it was a tidy neighbourhood and there was nothing he could use.
Without seeing any other choices, he felt quite 25 and had to walk away. At first, he got a little angry when 26 about how hungry he had become and how he reaily wanted that apple. Then the more he thought like this, the unhappier he became.
However, the boy was always a pretty 27 guy. He thought for a while and said to himself,"I can do nothing to get the apple now,and the result is unchangeable for me.Being upset(沮丧的) isn't _28__ because it can't change anything. So I must change my 29 and be joyful. I should go home earlier and 30 something else ,and then I may not be hungry and I may not be angry, either.
16.A. beating B. carrying C. hanging D. running
17.A. strong B. nervous C. poor D. heavy
18.A. stranger B. angrier C. sadder D. hungrier
19.A. complete B. touch C. change D. order
20.A. reach B. control C. notice D. risk
21.A. put off B. give up C. run out D. call up
22.A. Still B. Even C. Always D. Maybe
23.A. trouble B. push C. break D. rise
24.A. so B. but C. and D. because
25.A. unhappy B. excited C. fair D. cheerful
26 A. reading B. talking C. thinking D. writing
27.A. clear B. dependent C. lonely D. smart
28.A. careful B. wonderful C. helpful D. hopeful
29.A. feelings B. skills C. relations D. actions
30.A. buy B. borrow C. drink D. eat
八年级英语参考答案
一、单项选择(本题共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
1-5 BDBCC 6-10 ADAAC 11-15 DBCBD
二、完形填空(本题共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
16-20 CADBA 21-25 BDCBA 26-30 CDCAD