2024年高考精准预测卷01【新高考II卷】
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What problem does the man encounter
A．A time conflict. B．A troublesome accountant. C．An undecided marketing plan.
2．What do we know about Jim
A．He has a leg injury.
B．He withdrew from the football team.
C．He spent his holiday with his teammates.
3．Why does she suggest the travel by train
A．He’ll see more scenery. B．It’s cheaper. C．Planes are unsafe.
4．What’s the man’s purpose to meet the police chief
A．To get his lost car back. B．To express his gratitude. C．To make an appointment.
5．Why will the woman get electronic drums
A．They cost less money. B．They sound less noisy. C．They require less space.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Why is the woman so upset
A．She has a problem with handling the attitude of her friends.
B．She isn’t confident about her recent schoolwork.
C．She had a disagreement with her father.
7．What is the man like according to the woman
A．Strict. B．Positive. C．Knowledgeable.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man praise
A．The woman’s dress. B．The woman’s bag. C．The woman’s shoes.
9．How does the woman keep up with fashion
A．By watching fashion shows.
B．By following the fashion trend.
C．By getting help from a designer.
10．Where does the woman usually buy dress
A．At the supermarket. B．At the tailor’s. C．On the Internet.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Why does the man look sad
A．He will be out of work. B．He will be far from home. C．He will lose lots of money.
12．What kind of service will the man’s studio provide
A．A long-term service. B．A lower-price service. C．A service facing musicians.
13．What is the man’s future plan
A．To run a company. B．To form a band. C．To be a musician.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What is the man doing
A．Preparing for a meeting. B．Exercising. C．Cooking.
15．How does the woman sound at the man’s weight loss
A．Serious. B．Surprised. C．Happy.
16．How does the man get to work now
A．By train. B．By bus. C．By bike.
17．What will the man do to help the woman
A．Make salads for her. B．Go jogging with her. C．Lend a book to her.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What will the weather be like later today
A．Rainy. B．Cloudy. C．Windy.
19．What will the low temperature be this Saturday
A．10°C． B．18°C． C．28°C．
20．What are people advised to do while boating on Sunday afternoon
A．Take an umbrella. B．Follow the forecast. C．Put on more clothes.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
From displays of budding local creative minds to famous artists, airports are stepping up their game to share more of what their city is known for within the terminal. Visit our site and the most surprising, engaging, and inspiring art museums within an airport are just a click away.
Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport
Ancient Greece travels to you when you arrive at Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. Before security, travelers can explore 172 pieces of archaeological artifacts from the Neolithic and Early Helladie to the Post-Byzantine period. Some of the pieces were actually uncovered during the construction of the airport. Even those not traveling through the airport can explore the displays thanks to an online 3D gallery.
Doha Hamad Airport
Social media enthusiasts have surely seen people posing for photos with the famous yellow “Lamp Bear” inside Doha Hamad Airport. You’ll also find 10 other giant statues and displays within the terminal. These include “A Message of Peace to the World,” a striking sculpture honoring the work of a local nonprofit organization, Reach out to Asia, that supports education in underprivileged Asian countries. The carefully-selected art on display is a cooperation between the airport and Qatar Museums.
Seoul Incheon Airport
Beyond traditional pieces of art, Seoul Incheon Airport takes things a step further by offering interactive experiences and classes for travelers. Within the airport is a branch of the National Museum of Korea exhibiting many pieces from its collection. There are rotating (轮流的) exhibits that allow frequent travelers to see a different selection of local artifacts and art pieces on different visits. There are traditional music concerts, ancient relic exhibitions and contemporary art displays.
Singapore Changi Airport
You may have seen the famous Jewel at Changi Airport in Singapore with its garden-enveloped waterfall. It is part of a larger shopping complex that encourages visitors, including those that are not traveling. Besides, there is other museum - quality art to explore like magnificent sculptures suspended from the ceiling, paintings lining the walls and even a rotating propeller (螺旋桨) that looks like a blossoming flower.
21．Which airport’s artworks can be appreciated both physically and virtually
A．Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. B．Doha Hamad Airport.
C．Seoul Incheon Airport. D．Singapore Changi Airport.
22．What do Doha Hamad Airport and Singapore Changi Airport have in common
A．They support charity causes. B．They boast splendid sculptures.
C．They cooperate with local museums. D．They possess large shopping malls.
23．Where can the text possibly be found
A．In an art magazine. B．On a travel website.
C．In a geography textbook. D．In a museum guidebook.
B
“Your mother needs a new heart,” my father told me when I called on that December afternoon. An unrelenting optimist, he spoke as if she merely needed to have a part replaced. But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief.
Dr. Marc Semigran of the transplant team reviewed my mother’s medical history. She’d had an irregular and rapid heartbeat for most of her life. Her present treatment — the use of a series of cardioversions, or electric jolts, to restore a normal heartbeat — would not work in the long-term. She had an enlarged and weakened heart, as well as a faulty valve.
“With medication,” Dr. Semigran said, “you have a 60 percent chance of living six months. You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. You’re at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing.”
My family came together, trying to provide strength and work out what to do. We’d already gone from shock, over our mother’s condition, to worry that she wouldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite of the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually.
Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support.
One Monday in May, at about 8 p. m., my mother received a phone call from the hospital that a heart was available. As she was about to be wheeled off, my father took her face in his hands and looked into her eyes. His look said everything about their 42-year relationship.
The heart transplant operation was successful and the conditions could not have been better.
The irony of the transplant process is that one family’s loss is another’s gain; that tragedy begets fortune. It is a kind of life after death, our hearts beating beyond us. We developed a feeling of love for this new part, of gratitude for the doctors, for the process, and for those people who made a decision just for humanity.
24．How did the sisters feel to the news that their mother needed a new heart
A．Frightened. B．Astonished. C．Worried. D．Annoyed.
25．Which is the factor to affect the possibility of their mother’s heart transplant
A．Her abnormal heart beat.
B．The age of over sixty years old.
C．Her willingness to the transplant.
D．The adaptation of the new heart in the body.
26．What made the transplant team decide to have the operation
A．That her lungs were healthy.
B．That a new heart had been found.
C．That her family were expecting the operation.
D．That her family trusted the doctors' medical level.
27．What can we learn from the passage
A．Family support is of great importance.
B．Fortune favors those who are optimistic.
C．Confidence helps patients overcome difficulties.
D．Getting prepared before accepting a treatment matters.
C
Chilly weather and common respiratory (呼吸器官的) infections often go hand in hand. Reasons for this include people gather inside more in winter and viruses survive better in low-humidity indoor air. But there has been less certainty about whether lower temperatures actually impair human immunity (免疫力) and, if so, how.
Now, a new study published December 6, 2022, in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology details a previously unknown way that the immune system attacks viruses inside the nose and finds it works better when it’s warm.
Mansoor Amiji, a pharmaceutical sciences professor at Northeastern University, found that our noses released “extracellular vesicles” (EVs) — a spray of tiny sacs (囊) that gathered and destroyed bacteria upon breathing in.
For the new research, the team set out to answer a question: is the strength of EVS’ response linked to temperature
In order to tackle the question, they divided the nasal (鼻的) cell samples into two groups and cultivated them in a lab, subjecting one set of samples to 37C, and the other to 32°C．
Under regular body heat conditions, the EVs were successfully able to fight off viruses. But under the reduced temperatures, fewer EVs were produced, and those that were made packed less attack against the invaders tested: two rhinoviruses (鼻病毒的) and a non-COVID coronavirus, which are typically found in winter cold season.
“There’s never been a convincing reason why you have this very clear increase in viral infectivity in the cold months,” said co-author Benjamin Bleier, a surgeon at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear. “This is the first quantitative and biologically reasonable explanation that has been developed.” He added.
“These discoveries could pave the way for an eventual treatment against the common cold, or even the flu and COVID,” said Amiji, “That’s an area of great interest for us and we certainly continue to pursue that.”
28．What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Damage. B．Improve. C．Influence. D．Preserve.
29．How did Mansoor Amiji conduct the new research
A．By raising a question. B．By cultivating the nasal samples.
C．By setting the contrast experiment. D．By adjusting the temperature in the lab.
30．What can we know about the EVs according to the research
A．The EVs are typically found in the cold season.
B．The EVs release sacs to destroy bacteria upon inhalation.
C．The EVs won’t resist the rhinoviruses under regular body heat conditions.
D．The EVs’ quantity and attack power are positively associated with temperature.
31．What is Benjamin Bleier’s attitude towards the result of the study
A．Skeptical. B．Approved. C．Conservative. D．Indifferent.
D
A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the “World’s Ugliest Lawn”. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.
The intention, according to those behind the project, was to raise awareness of “saving water on a global scale by changing the norm for green lawns”. Lawns, which can require large amounts of water to maintain, are coming under increasing examination as climate change makes periods of drought more frequent and intense.
The global initiative was launched on the official website for Gotland in Sweden. “Huge amounts of water are used to water lawns for aesthetics(美学). As the world gets warmer, lack of water in urban areas is projected to affect up to 2.4 billion people by 2050. By not watering lawns for aesthetic reasons, we can protect the availability of groundwater,” the competition organizers said.
The unlikely title has been awarded to Kathleen Murray who lives in Sandford in Tasmania, Australia. According to the organizers, Murray’s lawn “boasts deep and dry divots created by three wild bandicoots(袋狸)and not one dust-covered decimeter is wasted on watering”. Murray said in the press release about her triumph, “I am terribly proud! I knew I would have my 5 minutes of fame, even if it was for having the ugliest lawn on the planet! I am now free of ever taking care of my lawn again.”
A press release by the Gotland, office added, “For the planet and its declining stockpiles of life-giving liquid, thank you, Kathleen, as well as those naughty bandicoots damaging your lawn for the greater good.” Organizers added, “Gotland aims to show to Sweden and the world that sustainable behavior doesn’t have to be dull.”
32．What can we say about the yard competition organized in Sweden
A．People had even doubted its authenticity.
B．People worldwide were unwilling to join.
C．Its participants must be professional gardeners.
D．Its entries must agree with the existing aesthetics.
33．What is the purpose of this yard competition
A．To call on people to protect lawns. B．To encourage people to be creative.
C．To challenge the norm of aesthetics. D．To remind people of water shortage.
34．What does the underlined word “triumph” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Ambition. B．Success. C．Sorrow. D．Barrier.
35．What can be the best title for the text
A．People’s Whelming Reaction To A Yard Contest In Sweden
B．Lawns And Rare Bandicoots Calling For Urgent Protection
C．A Lawn Named The Ugliest Globally All For A Good Cause
D．The World’s Ugliest Lawn Unaccepted By The Whole World
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What motivates you to work or study harder Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you 36 But is one better than the other
A recent study looked at the effect of fear-based strategies on British secondary school students. It found that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners. 37 In that case, it will in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. The study also found that if students are indifferent and don’t care about the test in the first place, then, unsurprisingly, the fear of failure is not likely to motivate them.
Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fact that many new companies will fail. But does this motivate or hold back business people 38 The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. 39 However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased delay of work, as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best, for the business. If someone is less confident about their business ideas, then they may find their decision-making negatively affected by their fears.
40 Fear can drive confident people to do better, but it can also expand our doubts and turn them into barriers.
A．Again, it’s not straightforward.
B．The answer, undoubtedly, is “yes”.
C．Taken together, fear-based motivation is complicated.
D．Generally speaking, good outcomes can be expected by teachers.
E．They may also be inspired to innovate and activate their business.
F．However, if students lack confidence, fear-based approaches could cause anxiety.
G．Leaders, managers and teachers often use one of these ideas to inspire people to achieve more.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team. The 41 allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and 42 a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like. Here is their story on what they do to 43 as a team.
This team 44 eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas. Their working 45 were not the best. During the night when I 46 them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and 47 that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am. Their 48 was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible 49 , which most people can’t stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to 50 their secrets. So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (协调) with each other, and we have a great 51 of team spirit, believe in our 52 , and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things. We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company. They were described as “ 53 ” compared to other 156 teams. They were motivated by the positive attention, and the 54 that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other. This team has stayed 55 and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”.
41．A．leader B．learner C．waiter D．customer
42．A．defend against B．look into C．leave out D．serve as
43．A．set out B．stand out C．work out D．run out
44．A．accounts for B．concentrates on C．consists of D．cares about
45．A．conditions B．habits C．states D．attitudes
46．A．bothered B．reminded C．trained D．observed
47．A．far from B．in return for C．apart from D．in case of
48．A．pay B．mood C．diet D．rent
49．A．delivery B．smell C．quality D．shape
50．A．compare B．uncover C．adjust D．keep
51．A．taste B．bite C．review D．sense
52．A．limitation B．prejudice C．purpose D．complaint
53．A．special B．normal C．hesitant D．ridiculous
54．A．pity B．security C．pride D．tense
55．A．self-centered B．self-employed C．self-funded D．self-driven
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. 56 is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits The real questions surround not the 57 (wear), but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes 58 (look) to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful. If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate “zones,” a wearable can help you do so. However, for professionals and those who are new 59 working out, less is more.
Earlier this month, Sara Hall, a professional marathon runner competing in the U.S. Olympic marathon trials, actually 60 (throw) away her GPS watch midrace 61 (avoid) distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners, it’s more important to learn to listen to your body’s signals — tiredness, 62 (ache), bursts of energy — 63 to track your pace or heart rate. Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 64 (effect), more fun, more convenient. Dr. Ethan Weiss, a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 65 (attach) at your wrist, like a leash, is more likely to pull you toward more activity.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，劳动节到来之际，你做了关于“The Benefits of Doing Housework”的校园采访。请你就此次采访写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Benefits of Doing Housework
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Police chief Matthew Bruce’s son, Adam, came late into his lives, so he always spoiled him and never said no to him for anything. As Adam grew older, he began to take his parents’ love and concern for granted, as if it were permission for him to do whatever he pleased. There were certainly times when he was criticized for bad grades or sneaking out of the house, but that was limited to only minor blame. Adam thought that if he pretended to be an “ideal” son, he would have to face absolutely no blame from his parents. So he began to act like a good son in front of them while engaging in all sorts of wrongdoing behind their backs, such as breaking the law. However, Adam always got away with it.
One day, Adam was driving back from a party with his friend Freddie when he began over-speeding. Freddie warned him to slow down, but Adam didn’t listen. Adam’s driving worried Freddie. He asked Adam to slow down again, and when Adam didn’t, he grabbed the steering wheel himself, causing the car to slide off the road and ran into a tree on the side. Then they heard the alarm of a police car behind them. The car came to a stop in front of them, and a police officer approached them.
“I’ve been following your car for a while now, and I’m afraid I’ll have to take you to the station for speeding. May I have your driver’s license first ” the police officer said.
Freddie was scared. “Here’s my driver’s license, sir,” he said, offering it to the officer. Adam tried to explain that he was the police chief’s son, but the police officer turned a deaf ear to him. They drove him to the station, and when Adam stepped inside, he was surprised to see his father there. He had been called to the station for an urgent case.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Adam felt no worries and thought he was out of trouble.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He told Adam he would need to earn money himself to pay for the fine.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2024年高考精准预测卷01【新高考II卷】
英 语
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What problem does the man encounter
A．A time conflict. B．A troublesome accountant. C．An undecided marketing plan.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Mr. Lee called. He’d like to set up an appointment with you tomorrow morning to go over the marketing plan.
M: I can’t do it. I’ll be in a meeting with the accountant then. Do you think he can do it later
W: I’ll call and find out.
2．What do we know about Jim
A．He has a leg injury.
B．He withdrew from the football team.
C．He spent his holiday with his teammates.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Have you seen Jim since it happened
M: Yes. He was hoping to spend his holiday touring with his football team but he had to pull out.
W: When will he be able to play again
M: It takes months for a broken leg to recover fully.
3．Why does she suggest the travel by train
A．He’ll see more scenery. B．It’s cheaper. C．Planes are unsafe.
【答案】A
【原文】
M: I’m planning to go to New Mexico.
W: Why not take the train You’ll see more scenery than from a plane.
4．What’s the man’s purpose to meet the police chief
A．To get his lost car back. B．To express his gratitude. C．To make an appointment.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I would like to meet the police chief.
W: He is not in the office. Do you have an appointment
M: No. I am here to thank you all for getting my car back. I really appreciate it.
5．Why will the woman get electronic drums
A．They cost less money. B．They sound less noisy. C．They require less space.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Are you still considering buying a set of drums
W: Yeah. But I would get an electronic set. They would cost a little more, but I can save a lot of space in my room. Besides, they sound just like the real drums.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Why is the woman so upset
A．She has a problem with handling the attitude of her friends.
B．She isn’t confident about her recent schoolwork.
C．She had a disagreement with her father.
7．What is the man like according to the woman
A．Strict. B．Positive. C．Knowledgeable.
【答案】6．A 7．B
【原文】W: My friends have good intentions, but sometimes they’re so negative. Honestly, it brings me down sometimes.
M: That’s common at your age, Gina. I think life in high school is great. However, with life changing so quickly, it’s easy to be at a loss.
W: But you’re always in such a good mood. How do you maintain such an optimistic attitude
M: Situations aren’t necessarily good or bad. It just depends on how you look at them!
W: You’re right, Papa. I’ll try to convince my friends of this.
M: Just show them a positive example. Eventually, they’ll follow!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the man praise
A．The woman’s dress. B．The woman’s bag. C．The woman’s shoes.
9．How does the woman keep up with fashion
A．By watching fashion shows.
B．By following the fashion trend.
C．By getting help from a designer.
10．Where does the woman usually buy dress
A．At the supermarket. B．At the tailor’s. C．On the Internet.
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．B
【原文】M: Hi, Mary, you look so beautiful with this dress. It goes with your bag and shoes. They’re really matching.
W: Thank you. Tom. I just got it last week.
M: I think you're cutting the edge with fashion, aren’t you Every time I meet you my eyes light up
W: Yes, I’m very concerned about my fashion. I always spend more money on fashion.
M: Do you have a designer to help you look fashionable
W: No, I don’t. but I always follow the trend, my hairstyle, my dress all about fashion. If you want to be good looking, you must pay attention about your performance.
M: That’s true. But do you spend a lot of money on your dress After all, in my opinion, women’s clothes are expensive.
W: Not really, actually I don’t buy ready made clothes in the store. Instead I prefer making my own dress at the tailors that is because it’s much cheaper than buying at the supermarket, sometimes even cheaper than that on the internet. I can choose whatever model I like.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．Why does the man look sad
A．He will be out of work. B．He will be far from home. C．He will lose lots of money.
12．What kind of service will the man’s studio provide
A．A long-term service. B．A lower-price service. C．A service facing musicians.
13．What is the man’s future plan
A．To run a company. B．To form a band. C．To be a musician.
【答案】11．A 12．B 13．B
【原文】W: George, what’s wrong You look a bit down.
M: Sorry, I was miles away. I’m afraid I’ll lose my job.
W: You’ve worked there for ten years!
M: Yes. Recently the business has been losing money, so they’ve decided to close it down.
W: What are you going to do Get another job in the music business
M: Well, I thought I might start a recording studio. There are lots of youngsters who can’t afford the high prices. I could offer a recording service with lower prices.
W: Great! Then, as you get more famous, you could charge more.
M: No, I’d rather encourage young musicians to come and make their recordings with me and then maybe I can start a band in the future.
W: Well, if you need help, let me know.
M: OK, thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14．What is the man doing
A．Preparing for a meeting. B．Exercising. C．Cooking.
15．How does the woman sound at the man’s weight loss
A．Serious. B．Surprised. C．Happy.
16．How does the man get to work now
A．By train. B．By bus. C．By bike.
17．What will the man do to help the woman
A．Make salads for her. B．Go jogging with her. C．Lend a book to her.
【答案】14．C 15．B 16．C 17．C
【原文】W: That smells good. What are you making
M: My breakfast for tomorrow.
W: But it’s almost dinner time!
M: Well, I’ve got a very early start tomorrow morning.
W: What are you going to do
M: I’ve got a meeting at my company’s head office. If I don’t prepare, I know I’ll end up eating something unhealthy at the train station. I’ve also made a salad to take with me for lunch.
W: Wow, I’ve never known you to be this organized! You’re very serious about losing weight, aren’t you
M: I am. And I’m happy to say it’s working!
W: Oh, really
M: Yes, I’ve lost six kilos since I started at the beginning of the year. I weighed 95 kilos when I started in January.
W: That’s amazing…and in only four months! Have you been exercising too
M: Yes. I used to take the bus to work, and now I ride a bike instead.
W: That’s really great. Maybe I should try to learn from you!
M: You don’t need to lose any weight!
W: I may be slim, but I eat way too much junk food. And I drive everywhere, even when it would be easy to walk.
M: Well, I can lend you the book that inspired me.
W: That would be great! Thanks.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What will the weather be like later today
A．Rainy. B．Cloudy. C．Windy.
19．What will the low temperature be this Saturday
A．10°C． B．18°C． C．28°C．
20．What are people advised to do while boating on Sunday afternoon
A．Take an umbrella. B．Follow the forecast. C．Put on more clothes.
【答案】18．C 19．A 20．B
【原文】This is Jack Miller with your weekend weather. You can put away your umbrella because it looks like the rain finally stops in time for a great weekend. The temperature today, Friday, reaches a high of 28 degrees. We’ll have a wind from the north later this day and the low temperature will drop to 10 degrees tonight. So don’t forget to put on more clothes. Tomorrow, the high and low temperatures will be about the same as today. On Sunday, we can expect a few high clouds in the early morning but lots of sunshine till noon. For those of you planning to go boating on the lake, you should have very good weather until late on Sunday afternoon when the wind is expected to increase. So please pay attention to the weather forecast just in case you need to return to land. We’ll be back at 9 am tomorrow. Have a good weekend!
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
From displays of budding local creative minds to famous artists, airports are stepping up their game to share more of what their city is known for within the terminal. Visit our site and the most surprising, engaging, and inspiring art museums within an airport are just a click away.
Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport
Ancient Greece travels to you when you arrive at Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. Before security, travelers can explore 172 pieces of archaeological artifacts from the Neolithic and Early Helladie to the Post-Byzantine period. Some of the pieces were actually uncovered during the construction of the airport. Even those not traveling through the airport can explore the displays thanks to an online 3D gallery.
Doha Hamad Airport
Social media enthusiasts have surely seen people posing for photos with the famous yellow “Lamp Bear” inside Doha Hamad Airport. You’ll also find 10 other giant statues and displays within the terminal. These include “A Message of Peace to the World,” a striking sculpture honoring the work of a local nonprofit organization, Reach out to Asia, that supports education in underprivileged Asian countries. The carefully-selected art on display is a cooperation between the airport and Qatar Museums.
Seoul Incheon Airport
Beyond traditional pieces of art, Seoul Incheon Airport takes things a step further by offering interactive experiences and classes for travelers. Within the airport is a branch of the National Museum of Korea exhibiting many pieces from its collection. There are rotating (轮流的) exhibits that allow frequent travelers to see a different selection of local artifacts and art pieces on different visits. There are traditional music concerts, ancient relic exhibitions and contemporary art displays.
Singapore Changi Airport
You may have seen the famous Jewel at Changi Airport in Singapore with its garden-enveloped waterfall. It is part of a larger shopping complex that encourages visitors, including those that are not traveling. Besides, there is other museum - quality art to explore like magnificent sculptures suspended from the ceiling, paintings lining the walls and even a rotating propeller (螺旋桨) that looks like a blossoming flower.
21．Which airport’s artworks can be appreciated both physically and virtually
A．Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. B．Doha Hamad Airport.
C．Seoul Incheon Airport. D．Singapore Changi Airport.
22．What do Doha Hamad Airport and Singapore Changi Airport have in common
A．They support charity causes. B．They boast splendid sculptures.
C．They cooperate with local museums. D．They possess large shopping malls.
23．Where can the text possibly be found
A．In an art magazine. B．On a travel website.
C．In a geography textbook. D．In a museum guidebook.
【答案】21．A 22．B 23．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了几个分享艺术的机场。
21．细节理解题。根据Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport部分中“Ancient Greece travels to you when you arrive at Athens Eleftherios Venizelos Airport. (当你到达雅典Eleftherios Venizelos机场时，古希腊就在你身边.)”和“Even those not traveling through the airport can explore the displays thanks to an online 3D gallery. (即使那些没有经过机场的人也可以通过在线3D画廊来探索这些展示.)”可知，雅典Eleftherios Venizelos机场可以亲身到场参观，也可以通过虚拟方式参观，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Doha Hamad Airport部分中“You’ll also find 10 other giant statues and displays within the terminal. These include ‘A Message of Peace to the World,’ a striking sculpture (您还可以在航站楼内找到其他10个巨型雕像和展品。其中包括‘Message of Peace to World’这是一座引人注目的雕塑)”和Singapore Changi Airport部分中“Besides, there is other museum-quality art to explore like magnificent sculptures suspended from the ceiling, paintings lining the walls and even a rotating propeller (螺旋桨) that looks like a blossoming flower. (此外，还有其他博物馆级别的艺术值得探索，比如悬挂在天花板上的宏伟雕塑，墙壁上的绘画，甚至还有一个看起来像盛开的花朵的旋转螺旋桨。)”可知，两个机场的共同点是它们都有值得骄傲的宏伟雕塑，故选B。
23．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Visit our site and the most surprising, engaging, and inspiring art museums within an airport are just a click away. (只需点击一下，就可访问我们的网站和机场内最令人惊讶、最吸引人、最鼓舞人心的艺术博物馆。)”可知，文章主要介绍了几个分享艺术的机场，应是出自一个旅行网站，故选B。
B
“Your mother needs a new heart,” my father told me when I called on that December afternoon. An unrelenting optimist, he spoke as if she merely needed to have a part replaced. But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief.
Dr. Marc Semigran of the transplant team reviewed my mother’s medical history. She’d had an irregular and rapid heartbeat for most of her life. Her present treatment — the use of a series of cardioversions, or electric jolts, to restore a normal heartbeat — would not work in the long-term. She had an enlarged and weakened heart, as well as a faulty valve.
“With medication,” Dr. Semigran said, “you have a 60 percent chance of living six months. You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. You’re at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing.”
My family came together, trying to provide strength and work out what to do. We’d already gone from shock, over our mother’s condition, to worry that she wouldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite of the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually.
Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support.
One Monday in May, at about 8 p. m., my mother received a phone call from the hospital that a heart was available. As she was about to be wheeled off, my father took her face in his hands and looked into her eyes. His look said everything about their 42-year relationship.
The heart transplant operation was successful and the conditions could not have been better.
The irony of the transplant process is that one family’s loss is another’s gain; that tragedy begets fortune. It is a kind of life after death, our hearts beating beyond us. We developed a feeling of love for this new part, of gratitude for the doctors, for the process, and for those people who made a decision just for humanity.
24．How did the sisters feel to the news that their mother needed a new heart
A．Frightened. B．Astonished. C．Worried. D．Annoyed.
25．Which is the factor to affect the possibility of their mother’s heart transplant
A．Her abnormal heart beat.
B．The age of over sixty years old.
C．Her willingness to the transplant.
D．The adaptation of the new heart in the body.
26．What made the transplant team decide to have the operation
A．That her lungs were healthy.
B．That a new heart had been found.
C．That her family were expecting the operation.
D．That her family trusted the doctors' medical level.
27．What can we learn from the passage
A．Family support is of great importance.
B．Fortune favors those who are optimistic.
C．Confidence helps patients overcome difficulties.
D．Getting prepared before accepting a treatment matters.
【答案】24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者母亲常年心脏不好，现在需要进行心脏移植，家人虽担心母亲是否能心脏移植成功，但大家相信她最终会成功，最终心脏移植手术很成功，作者感谢献出心脏的家庭。
24．细节理解题。由第一段中“But, although my two sisters and I knew that our mother had heart problems, this news still made us frozen for a while with our eyes widening in disbelief. (但是，尽管我和我的两个姐妹都知道我们的母亲有心脏问题，但这个消息还是让我们停住不动了一段时间，难以置信地睁大了眼睛)”可知，听到母亲需要一颗新的心脏的消息，作者和姐妹感到惊讶。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。由第三段中“You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. You’re at the top end of the age group of sixty years old. The lungs and other organs must be healthy and strong. While the transplant surgery is actually a straightforward procedure, acceptance by the body is the difficult thing. (你可以通过移植活得更长，但也有风险。你处于60岁年龄组的顶端。肺部和其他器官必须健康强壮。虽然移植手术实际上是一个简单的过程，但被身体接受是一件困难的事情)”可知，心脏移植有风险，因为移植后新的心脏被身体接受是一件困难的事情，说明新的心脏在身体中的适应是影响母亲心脏移植可能性的因素。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。由第五段“Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support. (12月晚些时候，有消息称她已被心脏移植项目录取。Jeremy Ruskin博士告诉我们，她被录取的原因之一是她有如此强大的家庭支持)”可知，全家人支持母亲进行心脏移植（即家人正期待着心脏移植手术）是让移植团队决定给母亲进行手术的原因。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。由第三段中“You could have a longer life with a transplant, but there are risks. (你可以通过移植活得更长，但也有风险)”，第四段“My family came together, trying to provide strength and work out what to do. We’d already gone from shock, over our mother’s condition, to worry that she wouldn’t be a suitable recipient. Despite of the risk, we chose to believe that she would make it eventually. (我的家人聚在一起，努力提供力量，想办法做什么。我们已经对母亲的病情感到震惊，担心她不会是一个合适的接受者。尽管有风险，我们还是选择相信她最终会成功)”，第五段“Word came later in December that she had been accepted into the programme. Dr. Jeremy Ruskin told us one of the reasons she had been accepted was that she had such strong family support. (12月晚些时候，有消息称她已被心脏移植项目录取。Jeremy Ruskin博士告诉我们，她被录取的原因之一是她有如此强大的家庭支持)”和倒数第二段“The heart transplant operation was successful and the conditions could not have been better. (心脏移植手术很成功，而且情况再好不过了)”可知，尽管母亲进行心脏移植有风险，但全家人支持母亲进行心脏移植，也正是因为家人的支持母亲才被心脏移植项目录取，最终手术成功，可得出家庭支持非常重要。故选A项。
C
Chilly weather and common respiratory (呼吸器官的) infections often go hand in hand. Reasons for this include people gather inside more in winter and viruses survive better in low-humidity indoor air. But there has been less certainty about whether lower temperatures actually impair human immunity (免疫力) and, if so, how.
Now, a new study published December 6, 2022, in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology details a previously unknown way that the immune system attacks viruses inside the nose and finds it works better when it’s warm.
Mansoor Amiji, a pharmaceutical sciences professor at Northeastern University, found that our noses released “extracellular vesicles” (EVs) — a spray of tiny sacs (囊) that gathered and destroyed bacteria upon breathing in.
For the new research, the team set out to answer a question: is the strength of EVS’ response linked to temperature
In order to tackle the question, they divided the nasal (鼻的) cell samples into two groups and cultivated them in a lab, subjecting one set of samples to 37C, and the other to 32°C．
Under regular body heat conditions, the EVs were successfully able to fight off viruses. But under the reduced temperatures, fewer EVs were produced, and those that were made packed less attack against the invaders tested: two rhinoviruses (鼻病毒的) and a non-COVID coronavirus, which are typically found in winter cold season.
“There’s never been a convincing reason why you have this very clear increase in viral infectivity in the cold months,” said co-author Benjamin Bleier, a surgeon at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear. “This is the first quantitative and biologically reasonable explanation that has been developed.” He added.
“These discoveries could pave the way for an eventual treatment against the common cold, or even the flu and COVID,” said Amiji, “That’s an area of great interest for us and we certainly continue to pursue that.”
28．What does the underlined word “impair” in Paragraph 1 mean
A．Damage. B．Improve. C．Influence. D．Preserve.
29．How did Mansoor Amiji conduct the new research
A．By raising a question. B．By cultivating the nasal samples.
C．By setting the contrast experiment. D．By adjusting the temperature in the lab.
30．What can we know about the EVs according to the research
A．The EVs are typically found in the cold season.
B．The EVs release sacs to destroy bacteria upon inhalation.
C．The EVs won’t resist the rhinoviruses under regular body heat conditions.
D．The EVs’ quantity and attack power are positively associated with temperature.
31．What is Benjamin Bleier’s attitude towards the result of the study
A．Skeptical. B．Approved. C．Conservative. D．Indifferent.
【答案】28．A 29．C 30．D 31．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于低温是否影响人体免疫力的实验，介绍了实验的经过以及发现等情况。
28．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Reasons for this include people gather inside more in winter and viruses survive better in low-humidity indoor air.(究其原因，冬天人们更多地聚集在室内，而病毒在低湿度的室内空气中更容易存活)”以及“there has been less certainty about whether lower temperatures actually”可知，上文提到病毒在低湿度的室内空气中更容易存活，故划线词所在句意思是低温是否真的会损害人体免疫力。故划线词意思是“破坏”。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据第五段“In order to tackle the question, they divided the nasal (鼻的) cell samples into two groups and cultivated them in a lab, subjecting one set of samples to 37C, and the other to 32°C.(为了解决这个问题，他们将鼻细胞样本分成两组，并在实验室中培养，将一组样本置于37℃，另一组置于32℃)”可知，Mansoor Amiji通过设置对比实验进行这项新研究。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“But under the reduced temperatures, fewer EVs were produced, and those that were made packed less attack against the invaders tested: two rhinoviruses (鼻病毒的) and a non-COVID coronavirus, which are typically found in winter cold season.(但在温度降低的情况下，EV的数量减少了，而那些被包装好的EV对测试的入侵者的攻击也减少了：两种鼻病毒和一种非冠状病毒，这两种病毒通常在冬季寒冷季节发现)”可知，EV的数量和攻击力与温度呈正相关。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““There’s never been a convincing reason why you have this very clear increase in viral infectivity in the cold months,” said co-author Benjamin Bleier, a surgeon at Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Eye and Ear. “This is the first quantitative and biologically reasonable explanation that has been developed.” He added.(“从来没有一个令人信服的原因，为什么在寒冷的月份病毒传染性会明显增加，”哈佛医学院和马萨诸塞州眼耳外科医生本杰明·布莱尔说。“这是第一个定量的、生物学上合理的解释。”他补充说)”可知，Benjamin Bleier对研究结果的态度是赞成的。故选B。
D
A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the “World’s Ugliest Lawn”. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.
The intention, according to those behind the project, was to raise awareness of “saving water on a global scale by changing the norm for green lawns”. Lawns, which can require large amounts of water to maintain, are coming under increasing examination as climate change makes periods of drought more frequent and intense.
The global initiative was launched on the official website for Gotland in Sweden. “Huge amounts of water are used to water lawns for aesthetics(美学). As the world gets warmer, lack of water in urban areas is projected to affect up to 2.4 billion people by 2050. By not watering lawns for aesthetic reasons, we can protect the availability of groundwater,” the competition organizers said.
The unlikely title has been awarded to Kathleen Murray who lives in Sandford in Tasmania, Australia. According to the organizers, Murray’s lawn “boasts deep and dry divots created by three wild bandicoots(袋狸)and not one dust-covered decimeter is wasted on watering”. Murray said in the press release about her triumph, “I am terribly proud! I knew I would have my 5 minutes of fame, even if it was for having the ugliest lawn on the planet! I am now free of ever taking care of my lawn again.”
A press release by the Gotland, office added, “For the planet and its declining stockpiles of life-giving liquid, thank you, Kathleen, as well as those naughty bandicoots damaging your lawn for the greater good.” Organizers added, “Gotland aims to show to Sweden and the world that sustainable behavior doesn’t have to be dull.”
32．What can we say about the yard competition organized in Sweden
A．People had even doubted its authenticity.
B．People worldwide were unwilling to join.
C．Its participants must be professional gardeners.
D．Its entries must agree with the existing aesthetics.
33．What is the purpose of this yard competition
A．To call on people to protect lawns. B．To encourage people to be creative.
C．To challenge the norm of aesthetics. D．To remind people of water shortage.
34．What does the underlined word “triumph” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Ambition. B．Success. C．Sorrow. D．Barrier.
35．What can be the best title for the text
A．People’s Whelming Reaction To A Yard Contest In Sweden
B．Lawns And Rare Bandicoots Calling For Urgent Protection
C．A Lawn Named The Ugliest Globally All For A Good Cause
D．The World’s Ugliest Lawn Unaccepted By The Whole World
【答案】32．A 33．D 34．B 35．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。
32．推理判断题。由文章第一段“A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the‘World’s Ugliest Lawn’. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.(棕色干燥的草坪不是很多园丁会夸耀的。但这正是瑞典庭院比赛组织者在推出‘世界上最丑草坪’奖时所希望的。来自世界各地的人们被邀请在社交媒体上发布他们脱水草的照片，以赢得这一不确定的荣誉。)”可推测，该奖项非常规奖项，所以人们甚至怀疑它的真实性。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。由文章第二段“The intention, according to those behind the project, was to raise awareness of ‘saving water on a global scale by changing the norm for green lawns’. Lawns, which can require large amounts of water to maintain, are coming under increasing examination as climate change makes periods of drought more frequent and intense.(据该项目背后的人说，其目的是提高人们对‘通过改变绿色草坪的规范在全球范围内节约用水’的认识。由于气候变化使干旱期更加频繁和强烈，草坪可能需要大量的水来维持，因此草坪正受到越来越多的审查。)”可知，这场庭院比赛的目的是提醒人们注意缺水问题。故选D项。
34．词句猜测题。由文章第四段“The unlikely title has been awarded to Kathleen Murray who lives in Sandford in Tasmania, Australia. (这个不太可能的头衔被授予了居住在澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州桑福德的Kathleen Murray。)”可知，Kathleen Murray获得“世界上最丑草坪”奖，所以划线单词的句子应表示Murray在新闻稿中谈到了她的获奖的成功，所以猜测triumph表“成功”。故选B项。
35．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“A brown and dry lawn is not something many gardeners would boast about. But that is exactly the kind of yard competition organizers in Sweden were looking for when they launched the prize for the ‘World’s Ugliest Lawn’. People from around the world were invited to post pictures of their dehydrated(脱水的)grass to social media in a bid to win the uncertain honor.(棕色干燥的草坪不是很多园丁会夸耀的。但这正是瑞典庭院比赛组织者在推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖时所希望的。来自世界各地的人们被邀请在社交媒体上发布他们脱水草的照片，以赢得这一不确定的荣誉。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介绍瑞典庭院比赛组织者为了提醒人们注意缺水问题，推出“世界上最丑草坪”奖。所以C项A Lawn Named The Ugliest Globally All For A Good Cause(一块草坪被评为全球最丑陋草坪，只为做一件好事)符合语境。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What motivates you to work or study harder Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you 36 But is one better than the other
A recent study looked at the effect of fear-based strategies on British secondary school students. It found that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners. 37 In that case, it will in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. The study also found that if students are indifferent and don’t care about the test in the first place, then, unsurprisingly, the fear of failure is not likely to motivate them.
Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fact that many new companies will fail. But does this motivate or hold back business people 38 The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. 39 However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased delay of work, as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best, for the business. If someone is less confident about their business ideas, then they may find their decision-making negatively affected by their fears.
40 Fear can drive confident people to do better, but it can also expand our doubts and turn them into barriers.
A．Again, it’s not straightforward.
B．The answer, undoubtedly, is “yes”.
C．Taken together, fear-based motivation is complicated.
D．Generally speaking, good outcomes can be expected by teachers.
E．They may also be inspired to innovate and activate their business.
F．However, if students lack confidence, fear-based approaches could cause anxiety.
G．Leaders, managers and teachers often use one of these ideas to inspire people to achieve more.
【答案】36．G 37．F 38．A 39．E 40．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了两种取得更多成就的心态，一种是对成功的憧憬，一种是对失败的恐惧。
36．根据上文“What motivates you to work or study harder Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you (是什么激励你更加努力地工作或学习？是对成功的憧憬和你能实现的所有惊人的事情，还是对失败的恐惧和对所有可能出错的事情的担忧？)”以及后文“But is one better than the other (但是一个比另一个好吗？)”可知，上文提到了两种激励人们的方法，推测本句是在说明这些方法的应用。故G选项“领导者、管理者和老师经常使用其中一种想法来激励人们取得更多成就。”符合语境，故选G。
37．根据后文“In that case, it will in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. (在这种情况下，这反过来会导致他们在考试中表现得更差。)”可知，本句是在说明会导致考试表现更差的情况。故F选项“然而，如果学生缺乏自信，基于恐惧的方法可能会导致焦虑。”符合语境，故选F。
38．根据上文“Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fact that many new companies will fail. But does this motivate or hold back business people (企业家常常冒着失败的风险。事实是，许多新公司将会倒闭。但这是激励还是阻碍了商人呢？)”以及后文“The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. (失败对个人的影响可能很严重，因此创业者可能会更努力地工作以避免失败。一项针对英国和加拿大企业家的研究发现，对失败的恐惧可以提高解决问题的能力，因为人们有动力预测和解决潜在的问题。)”可知，本句主要回答上文失败是激励还是阻碍了商人的问题，且A选项中It对应上文this。故A选项“再次声明，这不是直截了当的。”符合语境，故选A。
39．根据上文“A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. (一项针对英国和加拿大企业家的研究发现，对失败的恐惧可以提高解决问题的能力，因为人们有动力预测和解决潜在的问题。)”可知，失败可以激励人们去预测和解决潜在的问题，推测本句承接上文，继续说明对失败的恐惧所带来的好处。故E选项“他们也可能受到启发去创新和激活他们的业务”符合语境，故选E。
40．根据后文“Fear can drive confident people to do better, but it can also expand our doubts and turn them into barriers. (恐惧可以驱使自信的人做得更好，但它也可以扩大我们的疑虑，把它们变成障碍。)”可知，后文提到恐惧可以驱使自信的人做得更好，但也可以扩大我们的疑虑，把它们变成障碍，说明恐惧带来的动力具有两面性、复杂性。故C选项“综上所述，基于恐惧的动机很复杂。”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team. The 41 allows the members on the team to establish teamwork, adjust its work processes, and 42 a communication channel to the rest of the organization.
I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like. Here is their story on what they do to 43 as a team.
This team 44 eighteen members that worked in a manufacturing facility in Texas. Their working 45 were not the best. During the night when I 46 them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and 47 that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am. Their 48 was not the best and the products they were making had a terrible 49 , which most people can’t stand.
The reason why I know this information is that when you have the opportunity to see how a team really works, you want to 50 their secrets. So I was looking for answers.
As I stayed and communicated with the team members to find out how they worked together, they described to me their requirements for team development.
They said, “Each member has a good time, and we are in tune (协调) with each other, and we have a great 51 of team spirit, believe in our 52 , and run the operation without a formal leader in the middle of things. We have a ‘shared’ philosophy.”
Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company. They were described as “ 53 ” compared to other 156 teams. They were motivated by the positive attention, and the 54 that went along with being the best.
It is clear that this team developed to compete for the goal instead of against each other. This team has stayed 55 and self-directed because of being allowed to become more than their “individual selves”.
41．A．leader B．learner C．waiter D．customer
42．A．defend against B．look into C．leave out D．serve as
43．A．set out B．stand out C．work out D．run out
44．A．accounts for B．concentrates on C．consists of D．cares about
45．A．conditions B．habits C．states D．attitudes
46．A．bothered B．reminded C．trained D．observed
47．A．far from B．in return for C．apart from D．in case of
48．A．pay B．mood C．diet D．rent
49．A．delivery B．smell C．quality D．shape
50．A．compare B．uncover C．adjust D．keep
51．A．taste B．bite C．review D．sense
52．A．limitation B．prejudice C．purpose D．complaint
53．A．special B．normal C．hesitant D．ridiculous
54．A．pity B．security C．pride D．tense
55．A．self-centered B．self-employed C．self-funded D．self-driven
【答案】
41．A 42．D 43．B 44．C 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．C 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述一个具体团队的运作方式和他们的成功经历，展示了有效团队的特点和价值，详细叙述了作者与团队成员的交流，以及团队成员对于团队发展和运作的见解，从而揭示了团队成功的秘诀。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作，调整其工作流程，并作为与组织其他成员的沟通渠道。A. leader领导者；B. learner学习者；C. waiter侍者；D. customer顾客。根据上文“The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.”以及空后的“allows the members on the team to establish teamwork”可推测，空处指的是领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作。故选A。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：领导者允许团队成员建立团队合作，调整其工作流程，并作为与组织其他成员的沟通渠道。A. defend against为……申辩；B. look into调查；C. leave out省去、不考虑；D. serve as担任。根据空后的“a communication channel”可知，这是领导者应该担当的角色。故选D。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：以下是他们作为团队脱颖而出的故事。A. set out出发、开始；B. stand out脱颖而出；C. work out锻炼、计算出、解决；D. run out用尽、耗尽。根据上文“I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.”可知，这支团队非常成功，由此可知，空处指的是脱颖而出。故选B。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个小组由18名成员组成，他们在位于德克萨斯州的一家制造工厂工作。A. accounts for占据、是……的原因；B. concentrates on集中注意力于……；C. consists of由……组成；D. cares about关心。根据空后的“eighteen members”以及句意可知，空处指的是“由……组成”，符合句意。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的工作条件不是最好的。A. conditions条件、情况；B. habits习惯；C. states状态、州；D. attitudes态度。根据下文“During the night when I _______ them, they were performing a hot and dirty job and _______ that, they worked from 12 pm to 8 am.”可知，他们的工作条件并不是很好。故选A。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我观察他们的晚上，他们正在从事一项又热又脏的工作，除此之外，他们从晚上12点工作到早上8点。A. bothered烦扰；B. reminded提醒；C. trained培训；D. observed观察、庆祝。根据上文“I followed up with one of our customers to see first-hand what a very successful team looked and felt like.”可知，作者亲自跟进了这个成功的团队，由此可知，作者是在观察他们的工作。故选D。
47．考查短语词义辨析。句意：在我观察他们的晚上，他们正在从事一项又热又脏的工作，除此之外，他们从晚上12点工作到早上8点。A. far from远离、一点也不；B. in return for作为……的回报；C. apart from除了；D. in case of以防……。根据空前“they were performing a hot and dirty job”以及空后“they worked from 12 pm to 8 am.”可知，空前空后都是描述了他们工作的情况。由此可推测，空处指的是“除……以外”。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的薪酬也并非优厚，而且他们所制造的产品有一种大多数人无法忍受的难闻气味。A. pay薪资；B. mood情绪；C. diet规律饮食；D. rent租金。根据下文“the products they were making had a terrible _______, which most people can’t stand.”以及上文所说的工作条件差可推测，这个团队的薪酬也并不是最好的。故选A。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的薪酬也并非优厚，而且他们所制造的产品有一种大多数人无法忍受的难闻气味。A. delivery递送；B. smell气味；C. quality质量；D. shape形状。根据下文“which most people can’t stand.”可推测，这些产品还会发出难闻的气味。选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之所以知道这些信息，是因为当你有机会亲眼看到一个团队是如何真正运作时，你会想要揭示他们的秘密。A. compare比较；B. uncover揭开；C. adjust调整、适应；D. keep维持。根据下文“So I was looking for answers.”可知，作者想要揭开该团队成功的秘密。故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“每个成员都玩得很开心，我们彼此都很协调，我们有很强的团队精神，相信我们的目标，在没有正式领导的情况下进行运营。我们有着‘共享’的理念。”A. taste味觉、品味；B. bite一口；C. review复习、回顾；D. sense感觉。根据上文“we are in tune (协调)with each other”可知，团队每个人都很协调，由此可知该团队拥有团队精神。sense of team spirit意思为：团队精神。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说：“每个成员都玩得很开心，我们彼此都很协调，我们有很强的团队精神，相信我们的目标，在没有正式领导的情况下进行运营。我们有着‘共享’的理念。”A. limitation限制；B. prejudice偏见；C. purpose目标；D. complaint抱怨。根据上下文内容可知，该团队成功的原因是拥有目标，所以有自驱力，不需要正式的领导也可以进行运营。故选C。
53．考查形容词短语词义辨析。句意：与其他156支团队相比，他们被形容为“特别”。A. special特别的；B. normal正常的；C. hesitant迟疑的；D. ridiculous荒谬的。根据上文“Their hard work and effort paid off as they became known as “the stars” of the company.”可知，他们团队和其他156支队伍并不相同，因此他们是特别的。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们因受到积极的关注和成为最好的团队而产生的自豪感而备受鼓舞。A. pity同情、怜悯；B. security安全性；C. pride自豪；D. tense紧张。根据空后的“that went along with being the best”以及常理可知，成为最好的团队会产生一种自豪感。故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个团队之所以能够保持自我驱动和自我指导，是因为他们被允许超越自己的“个体自我”。A. self-centered以自我为中心的；B. self-employed自己经营的；C. self-funded自筹资金的；D. self-driven自励的。根据文章第一段“The true test of an effective team is one where the members operate as a self-managing team.”以及空后“self-directed”可推测，空处指的是能够自我管理，自我驱动。故选D。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. 56 is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits The real questions surround not the 57 (wear), but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes 58 (look) to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful. If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate “zones,” a wearable can help you do so. However, for professionals and those who are new 59 working out, less is more.
Earlier this month, Sara Hall, a professional marathon runner competing in the U.S. Olympic marathon trials, actually 60 (throw) away her GPS watch midrace 61 (avoid) distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners, it’s more important to learn to listen to your body’s signals — tiredness, 62 (ache), bursts of energy — 63 to track your pace or heart rate. Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 64 (effect), more fun, more convenient. Dr. Ethan Weiss, a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 65 (attach) at your wrist, like a leash, is more likely to pull you toward more activity.
【答案】
56．But 57．wearable 58．looking 59．to 60．threw 61．to avoid 62．aches 63．than 64．effective 65．attached
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕可穿戴技术及其对运动员和锻炼者的影响进行了讨论。作者提出了关于可穿戴技术是否真的能最大化锻炼效果的问题，并通过专业马拉松运动员和初学者的例子，探讨了过多依赖数据可能带来的问题。
56．考查连词。句意：但是，我们更多地依赖于技术，记录我们的每一步，这是一件好事吗？空前“We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices.”和空后“is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take ”之间为转折关系，用连词but连接；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填But。
57．考查形容词。句意：真正的问题不在于可穿戴设备，而在于穿戴者本身。分析句子成分，根据句意可知，空处考查“定冠词+形容词”，表示一类人或事物。本句指的是可穿戴设备，用the+ wearable。故填wearable。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于想要用数据提升比赛水平的运动员而言，面临的挑战是找到最有帮助的信息类型。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“athlete”和动词“look”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填looking。
59．考查固定短语。句意：然而，对于专业人士和那些刚开始锻炼的人来说，少即是多。固定短语：be new to，意为“刚开始做某事，初学乍练的”，符合句意。故填to。
60．考查时态。句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免分心，竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“earlier this month”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填threw。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：本月早些时候，参加美国奥运会马拉松选拔赛的职业马拉松运动员Sara Hall为了避免分心，竟然在比赛中途扔掉了她的GPS手表。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to avoid。
62．考查名词的复数。句意：同样，对于跑步初学者来说，学会倾听你身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。分析句子成分可知，ache“疼痛”为可数名词，应用名词的复数形式。故填aches。
63．考查固定搭配。句意：同样，对于跑步初学者来说，学会倾听你身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比跟踪你的速度或心率更重要。根据上文的“more important”可知，空处填“than”，构成固定搭配：more…than…，意为“比……更……”，符合句意。故填than。
64．考查形容词。句意：根据目标的不同，可能会有一些成本更低、更有趣、更方便的方法来实现这些目标。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式，和下文“fun、convenient”并列，作表语。故填effective。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：加州大学的内科医生 Ethan Weiss博士告诉他的病人，在手腕上系一条不同的东西，比如皮带，更有可能把你拉向更多的活动。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a different item”和动词“attach”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填attached。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，劳动节到来之际，你做了关于“The Benefits of Doing Housework”的校园采访。请你就此次采访写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Benefits of Doing Housework
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【答案】 The Benefits of Doing Housework
With the Labor Day holiday approaching, I interviewed my fellow students about their opinions on the benefits of doing housework.
According to my interviews, I found that the benefits of doing housework include improving self-discipline, emotional stability, and increase cooperation skills. Most students also pointed out that doing housework can help them learn about responsibility and understanding the value of hard work.
In conclusion, the benefits of doing housework are not only apparent in the physical labor, but also in the mental and emotional aspects of our lives. I highly recommend everyone to take some time to do housework.
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就自己做的关于“The Benefits of Doing Housework”的校园采访写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
临近：approach→draw near/around the corner
看法，观点：opinion→perspective
明显的：apparent→evident
建议：recommend→advise/suggest
2.句型拓展
同义句
原句： I highly recommend everyone to take some time to do housework.
拓展句： I highly recommend that everyone should take some time to do housework.
【点睛】【高分句型1】With the Labor Day holiday approaching, I interviewed my fellow students about their opinions on the benefits of doing housework.（运用了with复合结构）
【高分句型2】According to my interviews, I found that the benefits of doing housework include improving self-discipline, emotional stability, and increase cooperation skills. （运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Police chief Matthew Bruce’s son, Adam, came late into his lives, so he always spoiled him and never said no to him for anything. As Adam grew older, he began to take his parents’ love and concern for granted, as if it were permission for him to do whatever he pleased. There were certainly times when he was criticized for bad grades or sneaking out of the house, but that was limited to only minor blame. Adam thought that if he pretended to be an “ideal” son, he would have to face absolutely no blame from his parents. So he began to act like a good son in front of them while engaging in all sorts of wrongdoing behind their backs, such as breaking the law. However, Adam always got away with it.
One day, Adam was driving back from a party with his friend Freddie when he began over-speeding. Freddie warned him to slow down, but Adam didn’t listen. Adam’s driving worried Freddie. He asked Adam to slow down again, and when Adam didn’t, he grabbed the steering wheel himself, causing the car to slide off the road and ran into a tree on the side. Then they heard the alarm of a police car behind them. The car came to a stop in front of them, and a police officer approached them.
“I’ve been following your car for a while now, and I’m afraid I’ll have to take you to the station for speeding. May I have your driver’s license first ” the police officer said.
Freddie was scared. “Here’s my driver’s license, sir,” he said, offering it to the officer. Adam tried to explain that he was the police chief’s son, but the police officer turned a deaf ear to him. They drove him to the station, and when Adam stepped inside, he was surprised to see his father there. He had been called to the station for an urgent case.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Adam felt no worries and thought he was out of trouble.
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He told Adam he would need to earn money himself to pay for the fine.
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【答案】
Adam felt no worries and thought he was out of trouble. He began begging his father to let him go and promised not to repeat the same mistake. At this point, Adam thought his father would talk about his case privately to him, and he’d get away with it as he always did, but his father wouldn’t let him off the hook this time. Bruce decided to teach him a lesson. He wanted his son to go to trial and be issued a fine.
He told Adam he would need to earn money himself to pay for the fine. In the end, Adam had to work a part-time job to pay off the fine. When Adam was finally freed from the fine, he didn’t stop working. After working hard for the money, he realized how hard it was to earn money and do something independently. He promised his parents that he would always obey them. Sometimes you need to be strict with your children to teach them a lesson. Bruce didn’t let Adam off the hook when he went against the traffic law. That experience changed Adam for the better. Adam had to pay for his mistakes, no matter how hard he tried to avoid it.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了警察局长的亚当因为父母的溺爱，总是做坏事，但是总能逃脱惩罚。这天亚当开车时超速行驶，想要逃避惩罚，但是这一次父亲决定给他一个教训，他希望他的儿子接受审判，并被处以罚款。这次经历让亚当变得更好。亚当必须为他的错误付出代价，无论他多么努力地避免。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“亚当一点也不担心，认为自己已经摆脱了麻烦。”可知，第一段可描写父亲决定惩罚亚当。
②由第二段首句内容“他告诉亚当，他需要自己挣钱来支付罚款。”可知，第二段可描写亚当为自己的行为付出了代价。
2.续写线索：亚当不担心——祈求父亲——父亲决定惩罚儿子——亚当自己挣钱支付罚款——亚当感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①以为：think/consider
②保证：promise/pledge
③挣脱：free from/release from
情绪类
①严格的：strict/stringent
②私下地：privately/secretly
【点睛】[高分句型1] Adam had to pay for his mistakes, no matter how hard he tried to avoid it. (运用了no matter how引导让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] When Adam was finally freed from the fine, he didn’t stop working. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
